A high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device with uniform pore baffles

Abstract

This utility model discloses a high-concentration manure-straw methanogenic device with a uniformly porous baffle, comprising a fermentation tank with an external heat-insulating structure and a porous baffle disposed within the fermentation tank. The porous baffle has multiple uniformly distributed through holes, dividing the fermentation tank into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is configured as a hydrolysis-acidification reaction zone, and the lower cavity is configured as an anaerobic methanogenic reaction zone. Its structure is reliable and its performance is good. The use of a uniformly porous baffle within the tank allows for the spatial separation of the anaerobic fermentation for methanogenic production into two phases. Simultaneously, the uniformly porous baffle promotes the longitudinal diffusion of reactants and gas, preventing excessive accumulation of volatile fatty acid concentration in the upper part and avoiding the floating and sludge formation of fermentation materials in the lower part. Furthermore, the porous structure of the baffle can trap activated sludge, extending the SRT (short-term residual temperature) and increasing microbial biomass, while allowing rapid liquid flow and maintaining a short HRT (high-temperature residual temperature).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of methane production equipment, specifically to a high-concentration manure-straw methane production device with uniform pore baffles. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, domestic high-concentration anaerobic fermentation reactors have not been optimized for the stratification characteristics of high-concentration manure and straw. Traditional CSTR reactors adopt an integrated design without adding baffles inside the device. When the concentration of fermentation material is high, it is easy for hydrolytic acidifying bacteria and methanogenic archaea to compete for nutrients in a homogenized environment, accumulate toxic metabolites (excessive VFAs / ammonia nitrogen / sulfides), and lose the stratification barrier, which in turn leads to "acidification" of the fermentation system, chain inactivation of the microbial community, and a precipitous drop in methane yield. Utility Model Content

[0003] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device with uniform pore baffles.

[0004] The technical solution of this utility model to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: A high-concentration manure-straw methanogenic device with uniform pore baffle, including a fermentation tank with an external heat-insulating structure and a pore baffle disposed in the fermentation tank. The pore baffle is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes, and the pore baffle divides the fermentation tank into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The upper cavity is configured as an acidification reaction zone, and the lower cavity is configured as a methanogenic reaction zone.

[0005] Furthermore, an agitator is axially arranged inside the fermenter, and an oxygen delivery pipe, a feed inlet, and a biogas outlet are respectively installed on the top of the fermenter.

[0006] Furthermore, the insulation structure includes an insulation shell that is sealed and surrounds the outside of the tank and has an internal cavity, and an insulation medium injection port that is disposed on the insulation shell and communicates with the cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the stirring assembly includes a stirring motor mounted at the top of the fermentation tank, a stirring rod connected to the output end of the stirring motor, and stirring blades mounted on the stirring rod. The stirring rod passes through a perforated partition and extends to the bottom of the fermentation tank.

[0008] Furthermore, an oxygen concentration detector is installed on the top of the fermentation tank to detect oxygen concentration.

[0009] Furthermore, the pore baffle is located in the range of 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the tank height.

[0010] This invention offers the following advantages: The high-concentration manure-straw methanogenic device with a uniformly porous baffle structure provided by this invention has a reliable structure and good performance. The uniformly porous baffle, located at one-third of the tank, spatially reflects the advantages of two-phase partitioning in anaerobic fermentation for methanogenic production. Simultaneously, the uniformly porous baffle promotes the longitudinal diffusion of reactants (such as organic matter and microorganisms) and gases (such as methane and CO2), preventing excessively high or low concentrations at the top and avoiding the floating of straw at the bottom. Furthermore, the porous structure of the baffle can trap activated sludge, extending the SRT (strain time) and increasing microbial biomass, while allowing rapid liquid flow and maintaining a short HRT (heavy reflux time). Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the porous partition structure of this utility model;

[0013] Figures 1 to 2 The reference numerals in the attached drawings are as follows: 1-fermentation tank, 2-porous baffle, 3-through hole, 10-upper cavity, 11-lower cavity, 12-oxygen delivery pipe, 13-feed inlet, 14-biogas outlet, 15-insulation shell, 16-insulation medium injection port, 4-stirring motor, 5-stirring rod. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The principles and features of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples given are only for explaining this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, a high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device with uniform pore size and baffles includes a fermentation tank 1 with an external insulation structure. The fermentation tank 1 serves as a reaction vessel, holding the manure-straw raw materials and microbial community, and its sealing prevents gas leakage. The fermentation temperature inside the tank is increased by the insulation shell 15 and the insulation medium (such as hot water or heat transfer oil), ensuring the activity of the microorganisms. In this embodiment, the insulation structure includes an insulation shell 15 that seals and surrounds the outside of the fermentation tank 1 and has an internal cavity, and an insulation medium injection port 16 disposed on the insulation shell 15 and communicating with the cavity. The insulation medium can be injected into the insulation shell 15 through the insulation medium injection port 16, which is convenient to operate.

[0016] A porous baffle 2 is installed inside the fermentation tank 1. Multiple evenly distributed through-holes 3 are perforated through the baffle 2, dividing the fermentation tank 1 into an upper cavity 10 and a lower cavity 11. The upper cavity 10 is configured as the acidification reaction zone, and the lower cavity 11 is configured as the methanogenesis reaction zone. Preferably, the porous baffle 2 is located within 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the tank's height, which slows down the acidification process, allowing sufficient time for it. Increased acidification time provides methanogenic bacteria with richer substrates and also provides sufficient space for the fermentation process below. Simultaneously, the through-holes 3 are uniform and have large diameters, preventing clogging. Compared to traditional methanogenesis devices, this device significantly increases space utilization and methanogenesis efficiency. Preferably, the porous baffle 2 is welded to the inner wall of the fermentation tank 1 at the top-to-bottom 1 / 3.

[0017] In general, anaerobic fermentation for methanogenesis consists of two stages: acidification and methanogenesis. The acidification reaction takes place in the upper third of the apparatus, while the methanogenesis reaction occurs in the lower two-thirds. The purpose of the uniformly porous baffle 2 between the two processes is to increase the acidification time. This increased acidification time provides methanogens with a richer substrate, which is beneficial for their growth and metabolic activities. It also helps consume dissolved oxygen and other oxidizing substances in the system, creating a more strictly anaerobic environment for the methanogens. Simultaneously, it achieves spatial decoupling of the two-phase anaerobic fermentation, avoiding direct competition between acidifying and methanogens. This optimized method of welding a uniformly porous baffle helps improve the activity of methanogens and the efficiency of methanogenesis.

[0018] In this embodiment, the upper cavity 10 (acidification reaction zone) is used for hydrolysis and acidification. Complex organic matter (manure and straw) is decomposed into small molecule organic matter (such as VFAs and alcohols) by hydrolytic and acidifying bacteria in this area. By extending the acidification time, the sudden drop in pH caused by the instantaneous excess of VFAs is avoided, thus providing a stable substrate input for the methanogenic zone.

[0019] The lower chamber 11 (methanogenic reaction zone) is used for the methanogenic reaction. Methanogenic bacteria convert the products (VFAs, H2 / CO2) from the acidification zone into methane and CO2. Simultaneously, the baffle pores 3 trap activated sludge, extending sludge retention time (SRT) and increasing microbial concentration and methane yield. Methane and CO2 escape from the liquid phase and are recovered through the gas collection system.

[0020] The acidification zone fully pre-treats the substrate, while the methanogenic zone focuses on efficient conversion. The two phases work together to optimize the overall reaction kinetics, and the through-hole 3 design balances the contradiction between material mass transfer (short HRT) and microbial retention (long SRT).

[0021] In addition, an axial stirring assembly is installed inside the fermentation tank 1. This assembly includes a stirring motor 4 at the top of the fermentation tank 1, a stirring rod 5 connected to the output end of the stirring motor 4, and stirring blades mounted on the stirring rod 5. The stirring rod 5 passes through the perforated partition 2 and extends to the bottom of the fermentation tank 1. The stirring motor 4 drives the stirring rod 5 and the stirring blades to rotate, promoting material mixing and mass transfer. The stirring blades are designed as propellers or frames to enhance axial and radial flow, prevent material sedimentation, and avoid excessive shearing that could damage microbial cells.

[0022] Oxygen supply pipes 12 are installed at the top of the fermenter 1. These pipes regulate the microaerobic environment in the acidification zone, introducing a small amount of oxygen (<0.5 mg / L) during the initial stage of acidification (hydrolysis phase) to promote the activity of facultative hydrolytic bacteria, accelerate the decomposition of macromolecular organic matter (such as cellulose and protein), and improve subsequent acidification efficiency. Furthermore, by controlling the oxygen content, it ensures that oxygen only acts on the upper acidification zone, preventing it from diffusing into the lower methanogenic zone and disrupting the strictly anaerobic conditions. In conjunction with the uniformly porous baffle 2, the through-hole design of the baffle prevents oxygen from penetrating downwards, protecting the methanogenic bacteria.

[0023] The fermentation tank 1 is equipped with a feed inlet 13 and a biogas outlet 14 at the top. Pretreated manure-straw mixture is fed into the tank through the feed inlet 13. A flange or quick-connect interface is used at the top of the tank to prevent material from directly entering the methanogenic zone and to maintain an anaerobic environment within the tank, preventing air infiltration. The feed inlet 13 can be designed with multiple points or equipped with a dispersion device to ensure uniform material coverage of the acidification zone and prevent localized accumulation leading to incomplete acidification. The biogas outlet 14 collects the biogas (mainly composed of methane and carbon dioxide) generated in the methanogenic reaction zone and transports it to the purification and storage system via pipeline.

[0024] Furthermore, in this application, an oxygen concentration detector 6 is installed at the top of the fermenter 1 to detect oxygen concentration. The oxygen concentration detector 6 monitors the oxygen concentration in the fermenter 1 in real time to ensure strict anaerobic conditions during the methanogenesis stage. Simultaneously, it controls the oxygen delivery pipe 12, which is connected to an automation system (such as a PLC) to dynamically adjust the oxygen input and prevent excessive oxygen leakage to the lower methanogenesis zone. When an abnormal oxygen concentration is detected (such as a sudden increase), an alarm is triggered or the oxygen delivery is automatically shut off to prevent the inactivation of methanogenic bacteria. The oxygen concentration detector 6 can be a German WTW Oxi 3310 (optical principle) or an American Hach LDO101 (fluorescence method), with a detection range of 0–20 mg / L and an accuracy of ±0.05 mg / L.

[0025] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A high concentration of manure and straw methane production device with uniform pore partition, characterized in that, The fermentation tank (1) includes an externally insulated structure and a porous partition (2) disposed inside the fermentation tank (1). The porous partition (2) has a plurality of uniformly distributed through holes (3) that penetrate through it. The porous partition (2) divides the fermentation tank (1) into an upper cavity (10) and a lower cavity (11). The upper cavity (10) is configured as an acidification reaction zone, and the lower cavity (11) is configured as a methanogenic reaction zone.

2. The uniformly porous baffle-type high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermentation tank (1) is axially equipped with a stirring assembly, and the top of the fermentation tank (1) is equipped with an oxygen delivery pipe (12), a feed inlet (13) and a biogas outlet (14).

3. The high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device of uniform pore baffle type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insulation structure includes an insulation shell (15) that is sealed around the outside of the fermentation tank (1) and has an internal cavity, and an insulation medium injection port (16) disposed on the insulation shell (15) and communicating with the cavity.

4. The high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device of uniform pore baffle type according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stirring assembly includes a stirring motor (4) located at the top of the fermentation tank (1), a stirring rod (5) connected to the output end of the stirring motor (4), and stirring blades located on the stirring rod (5). The stirring rod (5) passes through the perforated partition (2) and extends to the bottom of the fermentation tank (1).

5. The high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device of uniform pore baffle type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the fermentation tank (1) is equipped with an oxygen concentration detector (6) for detecting oxygen concentration.

6. The high-concentration manure-straw methanogenizing device of uniform pore baffle type according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous baffle (2) is located in the range of 1 / 4 to 1 / 3 of the tank height direction.

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