A reinforcement and support device for the excavation of a spillway tunnel.

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of spillway tunnel support technology, specifically a reinforcement support device for spillway tunnel excavation. It includes a fixed frame, with lifting blocks bolted to both ends of the fixed frame. A support block is slidably connected to the lower end of each lifting block, and a support base is fixed to the lower end of each support block. Multiple brackets are fixed to the top surface of the lifting blocks. Connecting seats are fixed to the outer ends of the brackets and both ends of the top surface of the fixed frame. Arc-shaped blocks are bolted to the connecting seats. A first pressure-relief block is fixed between two adjacent arc-shaped blocks. A second pressure-relief component is installed at the end of each bracket near the arc-shaped block. A connecting component, including an insert block, is installed on the arc-shaped block. The first pressure-relief block between adjacent arc-shaped blocks and the second pressure-relief component at the end of the bracket undergo controllable limited deformation, absorbing the energy released by the surrounding rock while maintaining stable support for the surrounding rock. This reduces the rigid stress on the structure, decreases brittle failures such as retaining wall cracking, support bending, and joint collapse, and lowers the risk of collapse.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of spillway tunnel support technology, and in particular to a reinforcement support device for spillway tunnel excavation. Background Technology

[0002] In the excavation of spillway tunnels, the stability control of surrounding rock is the core challenge, especially under conditions of high ground pressure, large deformation or fractured and weak geological conditions. The support structure must simultaneously cope with the radial pressure caused by the rapid release of stress in the surrounding rock after excavation, as well as the continuous deformation caused by the rheology of the surrounding rock itself.

[0003] A search revealed Chinese patent CN115263355A, which provides an anchoring device and method for a tunnel-type spillway. The device achieves rigid anchoring through anti-sliding piles, side retaining walls, and prestressed anchor cables, focusing on improving the overall stability of the structure.

[0004] However, during use, it was found that the support structure, by rigidly resisting deformation pressure, could not absorb the energy released by the surrounding rock through controllable and limited deformation. The deformation of the surrounding rock would continuously transfer the load to the rigid structure, causing components such as the side retaining walls, tension prestressed anchor cables, and top support arches to be in a high-stress state. When the deformation of the surrounding rock exceeded the preset rigid bearing threshold, stress concentration would quickly form inside the structure. This could lead to cracking of the retaining walls and loosening of the anchor cables, or even bending of the support arches and collapse of the connection nodes. Not only would the structure lose its constraint on the surrounding rock, but it could also exacerbate construction risks due to falling structural debris, and even cause safety accidents such as collapses. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a reinforcement and support device for the excavation of spillway tunnels. The arc-shaped blocks directly bear the radial pressure of the surrounding rock and continuously provide support to the surrounding rock within a reasonable deformation range. This reduces the sudden drop in support force caused by the rigid structure separating from the surrounding rock. When the surrounding rock deforms, the first pressure-relief block between adjacent arc-shaped blocks and the second pressure-relief component at the end of the support undergo controllable limited deformation, absorbing the energy released by the surrounding rock while maintaining stable support for the surrounding rock. This reduces the rigid stress on the structure, reduces brittle damage such as retaining wall cracking, support bending, and node collapse, and lowers the risk of collapse.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a reinforcement and support device for the excavation of a spillway tunnel, comprising a fixed frame, lifting blocks connected to both ends of the fixed frame by bolts, a support block slidably connected to the lower end of the lifting block, a support fixedly provided at the lower end of the support block, multiple brackets fixedly provided on the top surface of the lifting block, connecting seats fixedly provided at the outer end of the brackets and both ends of the top surface of the fixed frame, an arc-shaped block installed on the connecting seat by bolts, a first pressure relief block fixedly provided between two adjacent arc-shaped blocks, and a second pressure relief component installed at the end of the bracket near the arc-shaped block;

[0007] A connecting component is installed on the arc-shaped block. The connecting component includes an insert block. One end of the arc-shaped block has a slot. The insert block is inserted into the slot. Two fastening bolts are fixed inside the slot. Fastening nuts are threaded onto the fastening bolts. A ring block is fixed to one end of the fastening nut. The ring block is engaged with the insert block.

[0008] Preferably, the support block has a limiting groove, the lifting block is slidably connected to the limiting groove, two limiting blocks are fixed on the inner wall of the limiting groove, and two slots are opened on the outer wall of the lifting block, with the limiting blocks slidably connected to the slots.

[0009] Through the above technical solution, the limiting groove of the support block and the lifting block slide together, and the limiting block is embedded in the slot of the lifting block to form a guiding constraint, which ensures that the lifting block slides along a fixed trajectory when adjusting the height and reduces lateral displacement.

[0010] Preferably, the support block has multiple through holes, the lifting block has multiple connecting screw holes, and connecting bolts are inserted into the support block through the through holes, with the connecting bolts threaded into the corresponding connecting screw holes.

[0011] The above technical solution allows for easy locking of the height of the lifting block by connecting bolts through through holes at different locations and threaded connections with connecting screw holes.

[0012] Preferably, the second pressure relief component includes a second pressure relief block, one end of which is fixedly connected to the bracket, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting seat.

[0013] Through the above technical solution, the second pressure block connects the support and the connecting seat. When the surrounding rock deforms and transmits pressure, the second pressure block undergoes controllable deformation to absorb energy.

[0014] Preferably, two limiting blocks are fixed at both ends of the connecting seat, and a buffer hole is provided at the lower end of the limiting block.

[0015] Preferably, a connector is provided inside the buffer hole, and the inner end of the connector is fixedly connected to the bracket.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the limiting blocks at both ends of the connector constrain the sliding range of the connector through the buffer hole. When the connector is subjected to force, it moves along the buffer hole. With the deformation of the second pressure block, the occurrence of connector offset is reduced. This allows for limited deformation while avoiding support failure caused by excessive pressure.

[0017] Preferably, the insert has a groove, which is engaged with the fastening bolt.

[0018] Preferably, the insert block is fixed with a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions, and the outer peripheral wall of the annular block abuts against the arc-shaped part of the arc-shaped protrusion.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped protrusion is attached to the outer peripheral wall of the ring block, and a lateral lock is formed by the continuous clamping force, preventing the insert block from coming out of the slot laterally due to the vibration of the surrounding rock or the impact of pressure, thus improving the connection and stability of the arc-shaped block splicing node under complex stress environment.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0021] 1. The bracket and connecting seat transfer the supporting force of the fixed frame to the arc-shaped block. The arc-shaped block directly bears the radial pressure of the surrounding rock and continuously provides support to the surrounding rock within a reasonable deformation range. This reduces the sudden drop in support force caused by the rigid structure separating from the surrounding rock. When the surrounding rock deforms, the first pressure relief block between adjacent arc-shaped blocks and the second pressure relief component at the end of the bracket undergo controllable limited deformation, absorbing the energy released by the surrounding rock while maintaining stable support for the surrounding rock. This reduces the rigid stress on the structure, reduces brittle failures such as retaining wall cracking, support bending, and node collapse, and lowers the risk of collapse.

[0022] 2. The limiting blocks at both ends of the connecting seat constrain the sliding range of the connecting parts through the buffer holes. When the support is under force, the connecting parts move along the buffer holes. With the deformation of the second pressure block, the occurrence of connecting seat offset is reduced. This allows for limited deformation while avoiding support failure caused by excessive pressure. It also reduces the risk of fracture due to stress concentration and improves the stability of the support and the adaptability to the surrounding rock.

[0023] 3. The bolts pass through the groove to form a longitudinal constraint, restricting the slippage of the insert along the length of the slot. When the fastening nut is tightened, the ring block moves with the fastening nut and abuts tightly against the arc-shaped protrusion. The arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped protrusion fits against the outer peripheral wall of the ring block, forming a lateral lock through continuous clamping force, preventing the insert from coming out of the slot laterally due to vibration of the surrounding rock or pressure impact. This improves the connection and stability of the arc-shaped block splicing node under complex stress environment, reduces local support failure caused by node separation, and ensures that the surrounding rock pressure can be evenly transmitted to the overall structure through the node. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a bottom-view perspective view of the arc-shaped block structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a bottom perspective view of the fixing frame structure of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the support block structure of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the insert block structure of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a bottom perspective view of the limiting block structure of this utility model.

[0030] In the diagram: 100, fixed frame; 101, lifting block; 102, support block; 103, support; 104, bracket; 105, connecting seat; 106, arc-shaped block; 107, first pressure relief block; 108, limiting groove; 109, limiting block; 110, slot; 111, through hole; 112, connecting screw hole; 113, connecting bolt;

[0031] 200. Second pressure relief assembly; 201. Second pressure relief block; 202. Restriction block; 203. Buffer hole; 204. Connector;

[0032] 300. Connecting component; 301. Insert block; 302. Slot; 303. Fastening bolt; 304. Fastening nut; 305. Ring block; 306. Groove; 307. Arc-shaped protrusion block. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Example 1: As Figure 1-6 As shown, this embodiment provides a reinforcement support device for the excavation of a spillway tunnel, including a fixed frame 100. Lifting blocks 101 are bolted to both ends of the fixed frame 100. A support block 102 is slidably connected to the lower end of the lifting block 101. A support 103 is fixed to the lower end of the support block 102. Multiple brackets 104 are fixed to the top surface of the lifting block 101. Connecting seats 105 are fixed to the outer ends of the brackets 104 and both ends of the top surface of the fixed frame 100. Arc-shaped blocks 106 are bolted to the connecting seats 105. A first pressure relief block 107 is fixed between two adjacent arc-shaped blocks 106. A second pressure relief component 200 is installed at one end of the bracket 104 near the arc-shaped block 106.

[0035] A connecting component 300 is installed on the arc-shaped block 106. The connecting component 300 includes a plug 301. A slot 302 is provided at one end of the arc-shaped block 106. The plug 301 is inserted into the slot 302. Two fastening bolts 303 are fixed inside the slot 302. A fastening nut 304 is threaded onto the fastening bolt 303. A ring block 305 is fixed at one end of the fastening nut 304. The ring block 305 is engaged with the plug 301.

[0036] A limiting groove 108 is provided on the support block 102, and the lifting block 101 is slidably connected to the limiting groove 108. Two limiting blocks 109 are fixedly provided on the inner wall of the limiting groove 108, and two slots 110 are provided on the outer wall of the lifting block 101. The limiting blocks 109 are slidably connected to the slots 110. The limiting groove 108 of the support block 102 is slidably engaged with the lifting block 101, and the limiting blocks 109 are embedded in the slots 110 of the lifting block 101 to form a guiding constraint, which ensures that the lifting block 101 slides along a fixed trajectory when adjusting the height and reduces lateral displacement.

[0037] The support block 102 has multiple through holes 111, and the lifting block 101 has multiple connecting screw holes 112. Connecting bolts 113 are inserted into the support block 102 through the through holes 111, and the connecting bolts 113 are threadedly connected to the corresponding connecting screw holes 112. By passing the connecting bolts 113 through the through holes 111 at different positions and threadedly connecting them to the connecting screw holes 112, it is convenient to lock the height of the lifting block 101.

[0038] The second pressure relief component 200 includes a second pressure relief block 201. One end of the second pressure relief block 201 is fixedly connected to the bracket 104, and the other end of the second pressure relief block 201 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 105. The second pressure relief block 201 connects the bracket 104 and the connecting seat 105. When the surrounding rock deforms and transmits pressure, the second pressure relief block 201 undergoes controllable deformation to absorb energy.

[0039] Two limiting blocks 202 are fixed at both ends of the connecting seat 105. A buffer hole 203 is provided at the lower end of the limiting block 202. A connector 204 is provided inside the buffer hole 203. The inner end of the connector 204 is fixedly connected to the bracket 104. The limiting blocks 202 at both ends of the connecting seat 105 constrain the sliding range of the connector 204 through the buffer hole 203. When the bracket 104 is subjected to force, the connector 204 moves along the buffer hole 203. With the deformation of the second pressure block 201, the offset of the connecting seat 105 is reduced. This allows for limited deformation and avoids support failure caused by excessive pressure.

[0040] Working principle: The fixed frame 100 serves as the main load-bearing structure. Its two ends are connected to the support block 102 via lifting blocks 101. The support 103 provides bottom support. The overall height is adjusted by the sliding cooperation between the lifting blocks 101 and the support block 102 to ensure that the arc-shaped block 106 fits tightly against the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The bracket 104 and the connecting seat 105 transmit the supporting force of the fixed frame 100 to the arc-shaped block 106. The arc-shaped block 106 directly bears the radial pressure of the surrounding rock and continuously provides support to the surrounding rock within a reasonable deformation range, reducing the sudden drop in supporting force caused by the rigid structure separating from the surrounding rock.

[0041] Adjacent arc-shaped blocks 106 are quickly spliced ​​together by connecting components 300. Insert blocks 301 are inserted into slots 302 for positioning. Fastening bolts 303 and fastening nuts 304 cooperate and are fixed by the snap-fit ​​of ring blocks 305 and insert blocks 301 to form an integral load-bearing structure. When the surrounding rock deforms, the first pressure relief block 107 between adjacent arc-shaped blocks 106 and the second pressure relief component 200 at the end of the support 104 undergo controllable limited deformation to absorb the energy released by the surrounding rock while maintaining stable support for the surrounding rock. This reduces the rigid stress on the structure, reduces brittle failures such as retaining wall cracking, support bending, and node collapse, and reduces the risk of collapse.

[0042] The limiting groove 108 of the support block 102 slides with the lifting block 101, and the limiting block 109 is embedded in the slot 110 of the lifting block 101 to form a guiding constraint, ensuring that the lifting block 101 slides along a fixed trajectory when adjusting the height, reducing lateral displacement; the connecting bolt 113 passes through the through holes 111 at different positions and is threadedly connected to the connecting screw hole 112, which facilitates locking the height of the lifting block 101, thereby adjusting the initial supporting force of the arc block 106 on the surrounding rock and realizing the graded control of active prestress;

[0043] The second pressure block 201 connects the support 104 and the connecting seat 105. When the surrounding rock deforms and transmits pressure, the second pressure block 201 undergoes controllable deformation to absorb energy. At the same time, the limiting blocks 202 at both ends of the connecting seat 105 constrain the sliding range of the connecting piece 204 through the buffer holes 203. When the support 104 is under force, the connecting piece 204 moves along the buffer holes 203. In conjunction with the deformation of the second pressure block 201, the occurrence of the connecting seat 105 offset is reduced. This allows for limited deformation while avoiding support failure caused by excessive pressure, reducing the risk of fracture due to stress concentration, and improving the support stability and adaptability to the surrounding rock.

[0044] Example 2: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, this embodiment is based on the previous embodiment, but differs from the previous embodiment in that the insert block 301 has a groove 306, which is inserted and engaged with the fastening bolt 303. Multiple arc-shaped protrusions 307 are fixed on the insert block 301, and the outer peripheral wall of the ring block 305 abuts against the arc of the arc-shaped protrusion 307. The arc surface of the arc-shaped protrusion 307 fits against the outer peripheral wall of the ring block 305, forming a lateral lock through continuous clamping force, preventing the insert block 301 from laterally dislodging from the slot 302 due to surrounding rock vibration or pressure impact, thus improving the connection and stability of the arc-shaped block 106 splicing node under complex stress environment.

[0045] When in use, when the insert 301 is inserted into the slot 302, the groove 306 engages with the fastening bolt 303. The bolt passes through the groove 306 to form a longitudinal constraint, limiting the slippage of the insert 301 along the length of the slot 302. When the fastening nut 304 is tightened, the ring block 305 moves with the fastening nut 304 and abuts tightly against the arc-shaped protrusion 307. The arc-shaped surface of the arc-shaped protrusion 307 fits against the outer peripheral wall of the ring block 305, forming a lateral lock through continuous clamping force. This prevents the insert 301 from coming out of the slot 302 laterally due to vibration of the surrounding rock or pressure impact. This improves the connection and stability of the arc-shaped block 106 splicing node under complex stress conditions, reduces local support failure caused by node separation, and ensures that the surrounding rock pressure can be evenly transmitted to the overall structure through the node.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A reinforcement and support device for the excavation of a spillway tunnel, characterized in that, include: A fixed frame (100) is provided with lifting blocks (101) connected to both ends by bolts. A support block (102) is slidably connected to the lower end of the lifting block (101). A support (103) is fixed to the lower end of the support block (102). A plurality of brackets (104) are fixed to the top surface of the lifting block (101). Connecting seats (105) are fixed to the outer ends of the brackets (104) and the two ends of the top surface of the fixed frame (100). An arc-shaped block (106) is installed on the connecting seat (105) by bolts. A first pressure relief block (107) is fixed between two adjacent arc-shaped blocks (106). A second pressure relief component (200) is installed at the end of the bracket (104) near the arc-shaped block (106). A connecting component (300) is installed on the arc-shaped block (106). The connecting component (300) includes a plug (301). A slot (302) is provided at one end of the arc-shaped block (106). The plug (301) is inserted into the slot (302). Two fastening bolts (303) are fixed inside the slot (302). A fastening nut (304) is threaded onto the fastening bolt (303). A ring block (305) is fixed at one end of the fastening nut (304). The ring block (305) is engaged with the plug (301).

2. The reinforcement and support device for spillway tunnel excavation as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The support block (102) has a limiting groove (108), the lifting block (101) is slidably connected to the limiting groove (108), the inner wall of the limiting groove (108) is fixed with two limiting blocks (109), the outer wall of the lifting block (101) has two slots (110), and the limiting blocks (109) are slidably connected to the slots (110).

3. The reinforcement and support device for the excavation of spillway tunnels as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The support block (102) has multiple through holes (111), and the lifting block (101) has multiple connecting screw holes (112). A connecting bolt (113) is inserted into the support block (102) through the through holes (111), and the connecting bolt (113) is threadedly connected to the corresponding connecting screw hole (112).

4. The reinforcement and support device for the excavation of spillway tunnels as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The second pressure relief assembly (200) includes a second pressure relief block (201), one end of which is fixedly connected to the bracket (104), and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (105).

5. The reinforcement and support device for the excavation of spillway tunnels as described in claim 4, characterized in that: Two limiting blocks (202) are fixed at both ends of the connecting seat (105), and a buffer hole (203) is opened at the lower end of the limiting block (202).

6. The reinforcement and support device for spillway tunnel excavation as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The buffer hole (203) is provided with a connector (204), and the inner end of the connector (204) is fixedly connected to the bracket (104).

7. The reinforcement and support device for the excavation of spillway tunnels as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The insert (301) has a groove (306) which is engaged with the fastening bolt (303).

8. The reinforcement and support device for spillway excavation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The insert (301) is fixed with a plurality of arc-shaped protrusions (307), and the outer peripheral wall of the ring block (305) abuts against the arc of the arc-shaped protrusions (307).

Images