An Omnidirectional Surrounding Rock Deformation Continuous Monitoring Device for Anti-impact Hydraulic Supports

Abstract

This utility model relates to an omnidirectional continuous monitoring device for surrounding rock deformation of anti-collision hydraulic supports, belonging to the field of coal mine surrounding rock deformation monitoring technology. It includes a cantilever mechanism and a measuring mechanism. The cantilever mechanism is fixed to the side column of the anti-collision hydraulic support within the roadway. The measuring mechanism is installed at the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism and continuously monitors data omnidirectionally within the roadway. The measuring mechanism includes at least four laser rangefinders. The measuring mechanism also includes a balancing gimbal, fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism. The laser rangefinders are connected and fixed to the balancing gimbal via connecting rods. The laser rangefinders are arranged circumferentially in the same longitudinal section within the roadway, corresponding to at least the roof, floor, left side, and right side of the roadway. This utility model enables omnidirectional and continuous monitoring of monitoring points within the roadway, while eliminating the need for manual calculations, improving efficiency, and reducing labor intensity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of coal mine surrounding rock deformation monitoring technology, and in particular relates to an omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports. Background Technology

[0002] Coal mine roadways play a vital role in the production process. However, with increasing mining depth, roadways are subjected to multiple forces, leading to increasingly prominent roadway deformation problems and increasing the risk of disasters. Monitoring surrounding rock deformation is a commonly used technical method. The measurement results are of significant reference value for evaluating the stability of the surrounding rock and the effectiveness of support, and are crucial for early warning of roadway safety.

[0003] Existing methods for monitoring and measuring surrounding rock are divided into contact and non-contact methods. Contact methods mainly include steel tape measure detection, measuring gun detection, measuring rod detection, and convergence meter detection. These methods suffer from the inability to continuously monitor and record surrounding rock deformation, resulting in low efficiency. Existing non-contact methods based on laser ranging principles are all designed for monitoring in a single direction or certain directions, failing to achieve simultaneous omnidirectional monitoring. Furthermore, they cannot ensure that the laser rangefinder always projects onto the same measuring point, making real-time continuous monitoring and recording of surrounding rock deformation data impossible. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides an omnidirectional continuous monitoring device for surrounding rock deformation of anti-impact hydraulic supports, which can achieve omnidirectional and continuous monitoring.

[0005] A continuous monitoring device for omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation of anti-collision hydraulic support includes a cantilever mechanism fixed on the side column of the anti-collision hydraulic support in the roadway.

[0006] A measuring mechanism is installed at the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism to continuously monitor data in all directions within the tunnel; the measuring mechanism includes at least four laser rangefinders; multiple laser rangefinders are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to an external display screen.

[0007] The cantilever mechanism includes a cantilever beam and a fixed connecting plate. The fixed connecting plate is welded to one end of the cantilever beam, and the cantilever beam is installed on the side column of the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support through the fixed connecting plate to form a cantilever structure.

[0008] The cantilever beam comprises two vertically welded square steel pipes. One end of the cantilever beam is bolted to the bolt hole reserved on the side column of the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support through a fixed connecting plate. The measuring mechanism is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever beam.

[0009] The cantilever beam is a straight cantilever beam made of a square steel tube.

[0010] The measuring mechanism also includes a balancing gimbal, which is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism. The laser rangefinder is connected and fixed to the balancing gimbal via a connecting frame.

[0011] The laser rangefinders are arranged in a circle along the same longitudinal section within the tunnel, corresponding at least to the roof, floor, left side, and right side of the tunnel.

[0012] The center of gravity of the multiple laser rangefinders is located at the center of the connecting frame.

[0013] The laser rangefinder is mounted on the clamping part at the end of the connecting frame and is tightened from the side by a tightening bolt.

[0014] The laser rangefinder is covered with a protective outer shell.

[0015] The protective shell is a transparent shell.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0017] This utility model utilizes a cantilever device to fix the measuring mechanism on the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support, which facilitates the overall layout, installation and disassembly of the equipment;

[0018] This invention utilizes a balanced gimbal to eliminate the leveling step of the laser rangefinder, and ensures that the laser beam projected by the laser rangefinder is basically in the same position at the set measurement points, resulting in high measurement accuracy.

[0019] This utility model is equipped with at least four laser rangefinders, and the preferred embodiment provides eight laser rangefinders, which can realize omnidirectional and continuous monitoring of monitoring points in the tunnel.

[0020] This invention uses a measuring mechanism to collect, store, and display multiple measurement data, eliminating the need for manual calculations, thus improving efficiency and reducing the intensity of manual labor.

[0021] This invention overcomes the timeliness problem of single laser rangefinders rotating for distance measurement in the market, and can realize real-time monitoring of surrounding rock deformation dynamics. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a front view of the omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the cantilever mechanism in the omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the measuring mechanism in the omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the measurement principle of the omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports according to an embodiment of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a front view of the omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model;

[0027] in,

[0028] 1-Roadway anti-impact hydraulic support, 2-Cantilever mechanism, 21-Cantilever beam, 22-Fixed connecting plate, 3-Controller, 4-Laser rangefinder, 5-Balanced gimbal, 6-Connecting frame, 61-Clamping part, 611-Tightening bolt, 7-Protective shell. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the technical solution and effects of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1-4 As shown, an omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-collision hydraulic supports includes a cantilever mechanism 2 and a measuring mechanism. The cantilever mechanism 2 is used to connect and fix the measuring mechanism, fixing the measuring mechanism on the anti-collision hydraulic support 1 of the roadway. The measuring mechanism is used to collect, store and display data from monitoring points to determine the roadway deformation.

[0032] In this embodiment, the omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for the anti-scour hydraulic support includes a measuring mechanism. This measuring mechanism collects and stores data from monitoring points and displays the data, thereby using the monitored data to determine the deformation of the roadway. The measuring structure is mounted on the side column of the anti-scour hydraulic support 1 via a cantilever device to connect and fix the measuring mechanism.

[0033] The cantilever mechanism 2 includes a cantilever beam 21 and a fixed connecting plate 22. In this embodiment, the cantilever beam 21 is a right-angle beam, which is formed by vertically welding two rectangular steel pipes. One end of the welded cantilever beam 21 is bolted to the side column of the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support 1 through the fixed connecting plate 22 to form a cantilever structure. The measuring mechanism is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever beam 21 and is cantilevered.

[0034] In this embodiment, the cantilever mechanism 2 includes a cantilever beam 21, which comprises two rectangular steel pipes welded and fixed perpendicularly to each other. One end of the cantilever beam 21 is bolted to the side column of the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support 1 via a fixing connecting plate 22, and the fixing connecting plate 22 is welded and fixed to the cantilever beam 21; the other end of the cantilever beam 21 is suspended inside the roadway, forming a cantilever structure. The measuring mechanism is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever beam 21, arranged in a cantilevered manner. The cantilever mechanism 2 fixes the measuring mechanism, thereby enabling continuous monitoring of monitoring points inside the roadway through the measuring mechanism.

[0035] The measuring mechanism includes a balancing gimbal 5 and laser rangefinders 4. The balancing gimbal 5 is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism 2. Multiple laser rangefinders 4 are connected and fixed to the balancing gimbal 5 via a connecting frame 6, facilitating subsequent data measurement of the roadway. The connecting frame 6 is mounted on the balancing gimbal 5. Multiple laser rangefinders 4 are electrically connected to a controller 3, which is fixed at the center of the connecting frame 6. The laser rangefinders 4 transmit the collected data to the controller 3. The controller 3 calculates the data and determines whether the surrounding rock is deformed according to a preset formula. The controller 3 is connected to an external display screen (not shown in the figure) for data display.

[0036] In this embodiment, two laser rangefinders arranged symmetrically transmit data to each other and add the data. Therefore, the eight laser rangefinders in this embodiment obtain four sets of data, all of which are transmitted to the controller 3 for storage and use as a reference for the next measurement. The deformation of the surrounding rock is determined by comparing whether the two sets of data are equal.

[0037] In this embodiment, the measuring mechanism includes a balancing gimbal 5, which is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever beam 21 in the cantilever mechanism 2. Eight laser rangefinders 4 are connected and fixed to the balancing gimbal 5 via a connecting frame 6 to achieve stable monitoring of the laser rangefinders 4. The eight laser rangefinders 4 are arranged in a circle along the same longitudinal section within the tunnel, with four laser rangefinders 4 corresponding to the tunnel roof, tunnel floor, left tunnel side, and right tunnel side, respectively, and the remaining four laser rangefinders 4 arranged alternately with these, with each pair having an included angle of 45°. The connecting frame 6 includes eight circumferentially arranged support rods for connecting to the eight laser rangefinders 4 respectively, ensuring symmetrical connection of the laser rangefinders 4 and ensuring that the eight laser rangefinders 4 are arranged in a circle along the same longitudinal section within the tunnel. The center of gravity of the eight laser rangefinders 4 is located at the center of the connecting frame 6, and the balancing gimbal 5 is installed at the center of the connecting frame 6. The laser rangefinder 4 is encased in a protective housing 7 and mounted on a clamping part 61 located at the end of the connecting frame 6. The laser rangefinder 4, encased in the protective housing 7, is installed within the clamping part 61 at the end of the connecting frame 6 and is secured from the side by a tightening bolt 611. The protective housing 7 is transparent, providing protection for the laser rangefinder 4 while securing it, ensuring that the internal components of the laser rangefinder 4 are not damaged, and facilitating disassembly for battery replacement.

[0038] In use, the cantilever mechanism 2 and the measuring mechanism are connected sequentially in the roadway. When the laser rangefinder 4 is working normally, the position of the measuring point will not change each time, and the measuring angle of the laser rangefinder 4 will also remain constant. Finally, the deformation of the surrounding rock is calculated by measuring the difference in data recorded at the same measuring point at different times.

[0039] The process of measuring using the aforementioned omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports is as follows:

[0040] S1: According to the arrangement position of the anti-impact hydraulic support 1 in the underground roadway, the end of the cantilever mechanism 2 with the fixed connecting plate 22 is connected to the bolt hole reserved on the side column of the anti-impact hydraulic support 1 in the roadway by bolts.

[0041] S2: Assemble the measuring mechanism, install the laser rangefinder 4 inside the protective housing 7, and connect the eight laser rangefinders 4 into a whole using the protective housing 7 and the connecting frame 6 to form the measuring unit;

[0042] S3: Fix the balance gimbal 5 at the connection point between the measuring unit and the balance gimbal 5, which is also the center of gravity of the measuring unit, and connect the balance gimbal 5 to the cantilever beam 21. In this embodiment, the balance gimbal 5 is fixed by welding the base to the cantilever end of the cantilever beam 21.

[0043] S4: Turn on the laser rangefinder 4 and let it collect and store data periodically;

[0044] S5: Combined with appendix Figure 4 As shown, the data recorded by the laser rangefinder 4 is obtained. The vertical distance is obtained based on the data recorded by the laser rangefinder 4 that vertically projects the laser onto the top plate and the bottom plate. The measurement result of the laser rangefinder 4 opposite to the top plate is h7, and the measurement result of the laser rangefinder 4 opposite to the bottom plate is h8. The initial measurement value of the vertical distance is h7+h8.

[0045] Similarly, the data recorded by the other six laser rangefinders 4, including the left and right sides of the tunnel, are h5, h6, h1, h2, h3, and h4, respectively. The initial horizontal distance measurement value is h5+h6, and the slope distance values ​​are h1+h2 and h3+h4, respectively.

[0046] S6: Use the data from the previous measurement as the benchmark for the next measurement and calculation. Compare the data monitored by the measuring agency in adjacent time periods. If there is a data difference, determine that the current roadway has generated displacement and obtain the displacement amount.

[0047] The method for calculating the displacement of the two sides of the tunnel is as follows:

[0048] Let the projection points of two relative laser rangefinders 4 located in the slant distance direction when they scan the two sides for the a-th time be points A and B, respectively, and obtain monitoring values ​​h1 and h2 respectively; after a predetermined time interval, when the two laser rangefinders 4 scan the two sides for the (a+1)-th time, the projection points are still points A and B, and obtain monitoring values ​​h1' and h2' respectively. The displacement from point A to point B is calculated using the formula: [h1'+h2'-(h1+h2)]cosβ, where the angle β is the angle between the two laser rangefinders 4.

[0049] If [h1'+h2'-(h1+h2)]cosβ is greater than 0, it is determined that the two sides of the current roadway have been displaced within the time interval between the a-th and a+1-th scans; otherwise, it is determined that the two sides of the roadway have not been displaced.

[0050] Additionally, when the two opposing laser rangefinders 4 located in the slant range direction scan the two sides for the a-th time, their projection points are points C and D, respectively, and they obtain monitoring values ​​h3 and h4. After a pre-set time interval, when the two laser rangefinders 4 scan the two sides for the (a+1)-th time, their projection points are still points C and D, and they obtain monitoring values ​​h3' and h4', respectively. The displacement of points C and D is calculated using the formula: [h3'+h4'-(h3+h4)]cosβ, where the angle β is the angle between the two laser rangefinders 4.

[0051] If [h3'+h4'-(h3+h4)]cosβ is greater than 0, it is determined that the two sides of the current roadway have been displaced within the time interval between the a-th and a+1-th scans; otherwise, it is determined that the two sides of the roadway have not been displaced.

[0052] Similarly, when the two opposing laser rangefinders 4, located in the horizontal distance direction, scan the two sides for the a-th time, their projection points are points E and F, respectively, and they obtain monitoring values ​​h5 and h6. After a pre-set time interval, when the two laser rangefinders 4 scan the two sides for the (a+1)-th time, their projection points are still points E and F, and they obtain monitoring values ​​h5' and h6', respectively. The displacement of points E and F is calculated using the formula: h5' + h6' - (h5 + h6).

[0053] If h5'+h6'-(h5+h6) is greater than 0, it is determined that the two sides of the current roadway have been displaced within the time interval between the a-th and a+1-th scans; otherwise, it is determined that the two sides of the roadway have not been displaced.

[0054] The calculation method for the displacement of the tunnel roof and floor is as follows:

[0055] Suppose that when two opposing laser rangefinders 4, facing the roof and floor of the tunnel, scan the two sides for the a-th time, their projection points are points G and H, respectively, and the monitoring values ​​are h7 and h8. After a pre-set time interval, when the two laser rangefinders 4 scan the two sides for the (a+1)-th time, their projection points are still points G and H, and the monitoring values ​​are h7' and h8', respectively. The displacement of points G and H is calculated using the formula: h7' + h8' - (h1 + h2).

[0056] If h7'+h8'-(h7+h8) is greater than 0, it is determined that the two sides of the current roadway have been displaced within the time interval between the a-th and a+1-th scans; otherwise, it is determined that the two sides of the roadway have not been displaced.

[0057] S7: The measuring agency collects, stores, and displays the data;

[0058] S8: When measuring in the next set time period, the measuring mechanism repeats steps 1-7 above.

[0059] Example 2

[0060] like Figure 5 As shown, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the cantilever beam 21 is a straight cantilever beam made of a square steel pipe, while the rest of the structure and measurement method are the same as in embodiment 1.

Claims

1. A kind of all-directional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-blast hydraulic support, it is characterized by: This includes a cantilever mechanism, which is fixed to the side column of the hydraulic support for roadway erosion prevention within the roadway; A measuring mechanism is installed at the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism to continuously monitor data in all directions within the tunnel; the measuring mechanism includes at least four laser rangefinders; multiple laser rangefinders are electrically connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to an external display screen.

2. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for the anti-blast hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cantilever mechanism includes a cantilever beam and a fixed connecting plate. The fixed connecting plate is welded to one end of the cantilever beam, and the cantilever beam is installed on the side column of the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support through the fixed connecting plate to form a cantilever structure.

3. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for the anti-blast hydraulic support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cantilever beam comprises two vertically welded square steel pipes. One end of the cantilever beam is bolted to the bolt hole reserved on the side column of the roadway anti-collision hydraulic support through a fixed connecting plate. The measuring mechanism is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever beam.

4. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for the anti-blast hydraulic support according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cantilever beam is a straight cantilever beam made of a square steel tube.

5. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for the anti-blast hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The measuring mechanism also includes a balancing gimbal, which is fixed to the cantilever end of the cantilever mechanism. The laser rangefinder is connected and fixed to the balancing gimbal via a connecting frame.

6. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser rangefinders are arranged in a circle along the same longitudinal section within the tunnel, corresponding at least to the roof, floor, left side, and right side of the tunnel.

7. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports according to claim 5, characterized in that: The center of gravity of the multiple laser rangefinders is located at the center of the connecting frame.

8. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports according to claim 5, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder is mounted on the clamping part at the end of the connecting frame and is tightened from the side by a tightening bolt.

9. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser rangefinder is covered with a protective outer shell.

10. The omnidirectional surrounding rock deformation continuous monitoring device for anti-impact hydraulic supports according to claim 9, characterized in that: The protective shell is a transparent shell.

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