Miniaturized Beidou multi-frequency satellite antenna

Abstract

The utility model discloses a miniaturized Beidou multi-frequency satellite antenna, which comprises an antenna base, a first ceramic antenna, a second ceramic antenna and a single feed pin, an antenna shell is mounted on the antenna base and forms a placement cavity together, an antenna connector is arranged on the antenna base, one end of the antenna connector extends to the placement cavity to form a feed end, and the other end of the antenna connector extends to the single feed pin. The feed end is provided with the low-noise amplification plate and forms a filtering cavity together with the low-noise amplification plate, the first ceramic antenna is fixed on the surface of the low-noise amplification plate, the second ceramic antenna is eccentrically stacked on the first ceramic antenna, and the single feed pin vertically penetrates through the second ceramic antenna, the first ceramic antenna and the low-noise amplification plate. The top end is electrically connected with the radiating surface of the second ceramic antenna, and the tail end extends into the filtering cavity. According to the utility model, through the collaborative design of the single feed needle structure and the eccentric laminated ceramic antenna, multimode resonance is excited through single-point feed and asymmetric coupling, the size is reduced, the power consumption is reduced, and multi-band coverage is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of satellite positioning antenna technology, and in particular to a miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread application of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System in surveying, transportation, and emergency rescue, high-precision real-time dynamic positioning (RTK) technology has become a core technology for improving satellite positioning accuracy. RTK technology processes carrier phase differential data between the base station and the rover in real time, achieving centimeter-level positioning accuracy in complex environments and significantly improving engineering measurement efficiency. However, existing BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antennas generally employ multi-feed point independent resonant structures to achieve multi-band signal reception and high-precision phase stability, resulting in increased antenna size and power consumption, making it difficult to meet the miniaturization requirements of portable terminal devices. Furthermore, traditional antenna designs require external filtering and shielding modules for the RF link to suppress multi-frequency interference, increasing hardware complexity and introducing additional noise and power consumption, affecting device endurance and environmental adaptability. More critically, existing compact antennas struggle to balance multi-band coverage and phase center stability, leading to significant fluctuations in positioning accuracy in RTK applications, especially in complex electromagnetic environments where signal lock-off issues are common, severely hindering the widespread application of high-precision positioning equipment. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention addresses the deficiencies of the existing technology, and its main purpose is to provide a miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna. It solves the technical problems of existing BeiDou multi-frequency antennas, which are large in size and have high power consumption due to the independent resonant structure of multiple feed points, and the increased hardware complexity caused by external filtering and shielding modules, which affect the stability of the phase center and the positioning accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] This utility model discloses a miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna, comprising:

[0006] Antenna base;

[0007] The antenna housing is threadedly connected to the antenna base and together they form a mounting cavity;

[0008] An antenna connector is embedded in the central axis of the antenna base. One end of the antenna connector extends into the mounting cavity to form a feed terminal, and the other end passes through the antenna base and extends to the outside.

[0009] A low-noise amplifier board is fixed to the feed terminal and electrically connected to the feed terminal. A filter cavity is also formed between the low-noise amplifier board and the feed terminal.

[0010] The first ceramic antenna is fixed to the side of the low-noise amplifier board away from the feed end by a conductive adhesive layer;

[0011] The second ceramic antenna is eccentrically stacked on the upper surface of the first ceramic antenna and coupled through a dielectric adhesive layer;

[0012] A single feed pin is aligned with the central axis of the antenna base and penetrates vertically through the second ceramic antenna, the first ceramic antenna, and the low-noise amplifier board. The top of the single feed pin is electrically connected to the radiating surface of the second ceramic antenna, and the end of the single feed pin extends into the filter cavity.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the first ceramic antenna has a cylindrical structure, the second ceramic antenna has a square structure, and the radial dimension of the first ceramic antenna is larger than that of the second ceramic antenna.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the eccentricity distance between the first ceramic antenna and the second ceramic antenna is 0.7 to 1.1 mm.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment, the eccentricity distance between the first ceramic antenna and the second ceramic antenna is 0.9 mm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, the dielectric constants of the second ceramic antenna and the first ceramic antenna are gradient-distributed.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, the first ceramic antenna operates in the BeiDou B2a band, and the second ceramic antenna operates in the BeiDou B1i band or the BeiDou B1c band.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment, the first ceramic antenna operates in the frequency band of 1176–1283 MHz, and the second ceramic antenna operates in the frequency band of 1555–1610 MHz.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the first ceramic antenna operates in the frequency band of 1615–1626 MHz, and the second ceramic antenna operates in the frequency band of 2480–2510 MHz.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment, the single feed pin is a stepped impedance feed pin, and the diameter of the portion of the single feed pin that penetrates the second ceramic antenna and the first ceramic antenna is larger than the diameter of the end portion extending to the filter cavity.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment, the antenna base has a fitting groove on the side away from the low-noise amplifier board, and a waterproof rubber ring is installed on the fitting groove.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has obvious advantages and beneficial effects. Specifically, as can be seen from the above technical solution, it mainly achieves multi-band coverage of BeiDou by using a single-feed needle structure and an eccentric stacked ceramic antenna in a coordinated design, with single-point feeding and asymmetric coupling to excite multi-mode resonance. While simplifying the structure, reducing the size and power consumption, it ensures the stability of the phase center and positioning accuracy. The introduction of the filter cavity and low-noise amplifier board suppresses out-of-band interference, reduces dependence on external modules, and optimizes the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the structural features and effects of this utility model, the following detailed description of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna structure according to an embodiment of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0028] 10. Antenna base; 11. Fitting ring groove;

[0029] 20. Antenna housing; 21. Mounting cavity;

[0030] 30. Antenna connector; 31. Feed terminal; 32. Filter cavity;

[0031] 40. Low-noise amplifier board;

[0032] 50. First ceramic antenna;

[0033] 60. Second ceramic antenna;

[0034] 70. Single-feed needle;

[0035] 80. Waterproof rubber ring. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model.

[0037] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly attached to the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0038] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model provides a miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna, including an antenna base 10, an antenna housing 20, an antenna connector 30, a low-noise amplifier board 40, a first ceramic antenna 50, a second ceramic antenna 60, and a single feed pin 70. The antenna base 10 is the main mechanical support of the overall structure. The antenna housing 20 and the antenna base 10 are connected by threads and together form a mounting cavity 21. The threaded fastening achieves synergistic optimization of sealing and electromagnetic shielding performance. The antenna connector 30 is embedded through the antenna base 10 at the central axis position. One end of the antenna connector 30 extends into the mounting cavity 21 to form a feed end 31, ensuring the axial symmetry and phase consistency of the feed network. The other end passes through the antenna base 10 and extends to the outside. A standardized interface design is adopted to be compatible with various terminal devices. The low-noise amplifier board 40 is fixed to the feed end 31 and electrically connected to the feed end 31. The low-noise amplifier board 40 integrates low-noise amplification... The low-noise amplifier board 40 and the feed terminal 31 are used to form a filter cavity 32 to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The distributed capacitance characteristics of the cavity are used to achieve secondary suppression of out-of-band interference. The first ceramic antenna 50 is fixed to the side of the low-noise amplifier board 40 away from the feed terminal 31 by a conductive adhesive layer. The second ceramic antenna 60 is eccentrically stacked on the upper surface of the first ceramic antenna 50 and coupled by a dielectric adhesive layer. The asymmetric stacked structure excites multimode resonance to cover the Beidou frequency band. The single feed pin 70 is coincident with the central axis of the antenna base 10 and vertically penetrates the second ceramic antenna 60, the first ceramic antenna 50 and the low-noise amplifier board 40. The single-point feed architecture simplifies the complexity of the radio frequency link. The top of the single feed pin 70 is electrically connected to the radiating surface of the second ceramic antenna 60. Multi-band impedance matching is achieved by electromagnetic coupling tuning. The end of the single feed pin 70 extends into the filter cavity 32 and the end loading effect is used to improve the radiation efficiency of the high-frequency band.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first ceramic antenna 50 is a cylindrical structure, whose symmetrical characteristics are conducive to optimizing the uniformity of the horizontal radiation pattern and ensuring omnidirectional reception performance and multi-satellite signal acquisition capability. The second ceramic antenna 60 is a square structure, which enhances the edge field coupling efficiency through irregular structure design. The radial dimension of the first ceramic antenna 50 is larger than that of the second ceramic antenna 60, forming a stepped stack to improve multi-frequency coupling efficiency.

[0040] The eccentricity between the first ceramic antenna 50 and the second ceramic antenna 60 is 0.7 to 1.1 mm. The electromagnetic coupling strength is adjusted by the asymmetrical layout to balance the frequency band isolation and bandwidth.

[0041] In the preferred embodiment, the eccentricity between the first ceramic antenna 50 and the second ceramic antenna 60 is 0.9 mm, thereby minimizing the phase center offset of the BeiDou B1 / B2 dual-band system.

[0042] The dielectric constants of the second ceramic antenna 60 and the first ceramic antenna 50 are distributed in a gradient. By matching the wavelength characteristics of different frequency bands through the difference in dielectric parameters, the operating bandwidth can be extended.

[0043] Furthermore, the first ceramic antenna 50 operates in the BeiDou B2a band, covering the needs of precise positioning services, while the second ceramic antenna 60 operates in the BeiDou B1i or BeiDou B1c band, compatible with BeiDou navigation and short message communication functions.

[0044] Specifically, the first ceramic antenna 50 operates in the frequency band of 1176–1283 MHz, meeting the signal reception requirements of the global satellite augmentation system, while the second ceramic antenna 60 operates in the frequency band of 1555–1610 MHz, which is compatible with the core navigation frequency band of BeiDou-3.

[0045] In another embodiment, the first ceramic antenna 50 operates in the frequency band of 1615–1626 MHz, supporting regional short message communication, and the second ceramic antenna 60 operates in the frequency band of 2480–2510 MHz, extending to the BeiDou satellite-based enhancement frequency band.

[0046] Furthermore, the single feed pin 70 is a stepped impedance feed pin, which achieves multi-band impedance matching through a variable diameter structure. The diameter of the part of the single feed pin 70 that passes through the second ceramic antenna 60 and the first ceramic antenna 50 is larger than the diameter of the end part that extends to the filter cavity 32, and the stepped abrupt change effect is used to suppress high-frequency surface wave loss.

[0047] The antenna base 10 has a fitting groove 11 on the side away from the low-noise amplifier board 40, and a waterproof rubber ring 80 is installed on the fitting groove 11 to improve outdoor environmental adaptability.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna, characterized in that, include: Antenna base (10); The antenna housing (20) is connected to the antenna base (10) by threads and together they form a mounting cavity (21); The antenna connector (30) is embedded in the central axis of the antenna base (10). One end of the antenna connector (30) extends into the mounting cavity (21) to form a feed end (31), and the other end passes through the antenna base (10) and extends to the outside. A low-noise amplifier board (40) is fixed to the feed terminal (31) and electrically connected to the feed terminal (31). A filter cavity (32) is also formed between the low-noise amplifier board (40) and the feed terminal (31). The first ceramic antenna (50) is fixed to the side of the low-noise amplifier board (40) away from the feed end (31) by a conductive adhesive layer; The second ceramic antenna (60) is eccentrically stacked on the upper surface of the first ceramic antenna (50) and coupled through a dielectric adhesive layer; A single feed pin (70) coincides with the central axis of the antenna base (10) and penetrates vertically through the second ceramic antenna (60), the first ceramic antenna (50) and the low-noise amplifier board (40). The top end of the single feed pin (70) is electrically connected to the radiating surface of the second ceramic antenna (60), and the end of the single feed pin (70) extends into the filter cavity (32).

2. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ceramic antenna (50) has a cylindrical structure, and the second ceramic antenna (60) has a square structure. The radial dimension of the first ceramic antenna (50) is larger than that of the second ceramic antenna (60).

3. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The eccentricity between the first ceramic antenna (50) and the second ceramic antenna (60) is 0.7 to 1.1 mm.

4. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The eccentricity between the first ceramic antenna (50) and the second ceramic antenna (60) is 0.9 mm.

5. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dielectric constants of the second ceramic antenna (60) and the first ceramic antenna (50) are distributed in a gradient.

6. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ceramic antenna (50) operates in the BeiDou B2a band, and the second ceramic antenna (60) operates in the BeiDou B1i band or the BeiDou B1c band.

7. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ceramic antenna (50) operates in the frequency band of 1176 to 1283 MHz, and the second ceramic antenna (60) operates in the frequency band of 1555 to 1610 MHz.

8. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first ceramic antenna (50) operates in the frequency band of 1615-1626MHz, and the second ceramic antenna (60) operates in the frequency band of 2480-2510MHz.

9. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The single feed pin (70) is a stepped impedance feed pin, and the diameter of the portion of the single feed pin (70) that passes through the second ceramic antenna (60) and the first ceramic antenna (50) is greater than the diameter of the end portion that extends to the filter cavity (32).

10. The miniaturized BeiDou multi-frequency satellite antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna base has a fitting annular groove (11) on the side away from the low noise amplifier board (40), and a waterproof rubber ring (80) is installed on the fitting annular groove (11).

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