Peanut harvester

Abstract

Peanut harvester relates to the technical field of agricultural harvesting equipment, including frame, the front part of the frame is provided with a transmission box, the lower part of the frame is provided with a shovel; the frame is also provided with a pulling and conveying device and a soil screening device; the pulling and conveying device is located above the shovel, the pulling and conveying device includes a clamping and pulling conveying mechanism and a clamping transmission mechanism, the front end of the clamping and pulling conveying mechanism is in transmission connection with the transmission box through the clamping transmission mechanism, and the rear end of the clamping and pulling conveying mechanism is inclined upward; the soil screening device includes a chain row soil screening mechanism and a chain row transmission mechanism, the chain row soil screening mechanism is located below the clamping and pulling conveying mechanism and behind the shovel, the front end of the chain row soil screening mechanism is close to the shovel, and the rear end of the chain row soil screening mechanism is in transmission connection with the clamping transmission mechanism through the chain row transmission mechanism. The application adopts the pulling and conveying type harvesting for peanuts, can clean soil during harvesting, ensures complete harvesting, improves peanut harvesting quality and efficiency, and can harvest peanuts planted on various lands.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural harvesting equipment technology, and in particular to a peanut harvester. Background Technology

[0002] Peanut cultivation mainly adopts the ridge planting method, which is the current mainstream model. Another method is flat planting. Ridging involves shaping the soil into ridges, and seeds are sown on the ridge surface. This enhances field drainage, increases soil temperature, and improves aeration. These advantages provide key conditions for the peanut pegs to successfully penetrate the soil and develop into fruit underground.

[0003] Peanuts exhibit continuous flowering and fruiting, forming pegs and developing pods in batches during the growing season, typically in 2-3 batches, with a single harvest for the entire plant. Early-stage pods have a long development period and constitute the majority of the yield; late-stage pegs have a short development period and are less resistant to disease. This characteristic presents management challenges: poor drainage after ridging leads to waterlogging between rows, or persistently high field humidity, coupled with potential nutrient deficiencies later in the season, makes the pegs, especially the short and brittle late-stage pegs, susceptible to rotting due to oxygen deficiency and pathogen infection. This can result in pegs being pulled out and left behind, affecting harvest integrity and yield.

[0004] In terms of soil selection, sandy soil is more commonly used due to its significant advantage in aeration. Its loose structure significantly reduces the resistance to the pods penetrating the soil, giving it an advantage over loess soil. At harvest, the advantages of sandy soil become even more apparent. Compared to cohesive loess soil, sandy soil makes it easier to separate the pods intact from the soil, significantly reducing pod drop and ground loss caused by pulling up the plant. However, even in sandy soil conducive to harvesting, peanut pods are susceptible to rotting due to waterlogging and high humidity. Furthermore, the pods are fragile in the later stages of growth. Therefore, some pods, especially rotten or immature ones, will inevitably remain in the soil after harvesting, resulting in unavoidable yield losses.

[0005] Traditional peanut harvesters primarily employ a pulling-up method, directly uprooting the plant along with its pods from the soil. However, this harvesting method has significant drawbacks: First, traditional peanut harvesters generally lack soil-cleaning capabilities, resulting in the uprooted pods often being covered with a large amount of compacted soil. This requires substantial manual labor for subsequent cleaning, or the use of mechanical shaking to separate the soil clumps from the pods. This method easily causes the pods to fall off, increasing the collection process and reducing harvesting efficiency. Second, during the uprooting process, uneven pulling force or soil resistance can easily break the pod stalks or even the plant itself, causing pods to fall off and remain, directly leading to yield loss. Therefore, traditional peanut harvesters suffer from a triple disadvantage: difficulty in cleaning up soil, high breakage losses, and poor adaptability to different soil types. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a peanut harvester that uses a pulling-up method to harvest peanuts, can clear the soil during harvesting, ensure thorough harvesting, improve the quality and efficiency of peanut harvesting, and can harvest peanuts grown on various types of land.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A peanut harvester includes a frame, a transmission box is installed at the front of the frame, and a shovel is installed at the lower part of the frame; the frame is also equipped with a conveying device and a soil screening device.

[0009] The pulling device is located above the shovel blade. The pulling device includes a seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and a seedling clamping transmission mechanism. The front end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is connected to the transmission box through the seedling clamping transmission mechanism, and the rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is inclined upward.

[0010] The soil screening device includes a chain-driven soil screening mechanism and a chain-driven transmission mechanism. The chain-driven soil screening mechanism is located below the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and behind the shovel. The front end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is close to the shovel, and the rear end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is connected to the seedling clamping transmission mechanism through the chain-driven transmission mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the rear end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is inclined upward;

[0012] The chain-driven soil screening mechanism includes two rotating chains that are rotatably installed and run synchronously, and a number of rod-shaped components that are arranged on the two rotating chains and spaced apart. The two ends of the rod-shaped components are respectively fixed to the rotating chains.

[0013] Alternatively, the chain-sieving mechanism can be configured as a grid chain.

[0014] Preferably, the chain drive mechanism includes a chain drive driving sprocket and a chain drive driven sprocket connected by chain drive. The chain drive driving sprocket is mounted on the chain drive wheel shaft, and the chain drive wheel shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame. A chain drive wheel shaft gear is provided on the shaft for transmission connection with the seedling clamping drive mechanism.

[0015] The chain-driven soil screening mechanism further includes a chain-driven rotary drive shaft and a chain-driven rotary driven shaft rotatably mounted on the frame. Both ends of the chain-driven rotary drive shaft are fixedly provided with chain-driven rotary sprockets, and both ends of the chain-driven rotary driven shaft are fixedly provided with chain-driven rotary sprockets. The chain-driven rotary chain is wound around the chain-driven rotary drive sprocket and the chain-driven rotary sprocket on the same side.

[0016] The driven sprocket of the chain drive is installed at one end of the chain drive shaft.

[0017] Preferably, the seedling clamping transmission mechanism includes a horizontal seedling clamping transmission mechanism and a vertical seedling clamping transmission mechanism;

[0018] The seedling clamping horizontal transmission mechanism includes a horizontal transmission drive sprocket and a horizontal transmission driven sprocket connected by a chain drive. The horizontal transmission drive sprocket is mounted on the power output shaft of the transmission box, and the horizontal transmission driven sprocket is mounted on the seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft. The seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame and is provided with a seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft gear for transmission connection with the chain drive mechanism.

[0019] Preferably, there are two vertical transmission mechanisms for clamping seedlings, and the two vertical transmission mechanisms for clamping seedlings are respectively disposed at both ends of the horizontal transmission wheel axle for clamping seedlings;

[0020] The vertical transmission mechanism for clamping seedlings includes a vertically arranged vertical transmission wheel shaft for clamping seedlings, which is rotatably mounted on the frame. The two ends of the horizontal transmission wheel shaft for clamping seedlings are connected to the top ends of the two vertical transmission wheel shafts for clamping seedlings via a bevel gear pair. The bottom end of the vertical transmission wheel shaft for clamping seedlings is connected to the seedling pulling mechanism for transmission.

[0021] Preferably, the seedling clamping and conveying mechanism includes two annular chains in the same plane, one of which is a straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the other is a triangular rotary seedling clamping chain. The front end of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain is connected to the bottom end of one of the vertical transmission wheel shafts of the seedling clamping chain via a sprocket, and the front end of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain is connected to the bottom end of the other vertical transmission wheel shaft of the seedling clamping chain via a sprocket. The rear ends of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the rear ends of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are both rotatably mounted on the frame via sprockets.

[0022] The front parts of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the front parts of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are far apart to form a seedling gathering section, while the rear parts of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the rear parts of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are close together to form a pulling section.

[0023] Preferably, the rear part of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain is inclined toward one side closer to the frame, and the rear part of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and one side of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are close to each other to form the feeding part.

[0024] Preferably, the frame is equipped with two seedling clamping chain tensioning assemblies, one of which is adapted to the straight rotary seedling clamping chain, and the other is adapted to the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain; the seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly includes:

[0025] The connector is rotatably mounted on the frame;

[0026] A tension spring is connected to one end of the frame and the connector;

[0027] The tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the other end of the connector.

[0028] Preferably, the frame is equipped with a front depth adjustment mechanism and a rear depth adjustment wheel set;

[0029] The front depth adjustment mechanism includes a screw and an adjustment hand ball threadedly connected thereto. The screw is horizontally arranged and its front end is rotatably connected to the transmission box. The adjustment hand ball is movably mounted on the frame and is located behind the horizontal transmission wheel shaft of the seedling clamping mechanism in the horizontal direction.

[0030] The rear depth adjustment wheel assembly includes two depth adjustment wheels located on both sides of the frame, and the vertical position of the depth adjustment wheels is adjustable.

[0031] Preferably, the frame is further provided with a gathering assembly, which includes two gathering members located at the rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and extending outward. Each gathering member is U-shaped fork-shaped, with one gathering member passing through the rear end of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain and the other gathering member passing through the rear end of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain. The upper fork of the U-shaped fork is located above the chain, and the lower fork of the U-shaped fork is located below the chain.

[0032] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0033] The peanut harvester of this application includes a frame, a transmission box mounted at the front of the frame, and a shovel at the lower part of the frame. The shovel is used to loosen the soil by inserting it into the ground, and the transmission box is used to connect to the power unit, transmitting the power generated by the power unit to various devices of the peanut harvester to meet the power requirements. For the purposes of this application, both the shovel and the transmission box are well-known technologies in this field, and their specific structures will not be described in detail here. The transmission box can be a clutch transmission box with a clutch function.

[0034] The frame is also equipped with a pulling device and a soil sieving device. The pulling device is located above the shovel and includes a seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and a seedling clamping transmission mechanism. The front end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is connected to the transmission box via the seedling clamping transmission mechanism, and the rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is inclined upward. The seedling clamping transmission mechanism transmits power from the transmission box to the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism, driving the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism to gather and pull the peanut plants. The rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is inclined upward, which changes the height of the peanut plants to meet the requirements of ridged planting and pulling after clamping, thus realizing the pulling action of the peanut plants.

[0035] The soil screening device includes a chain-driven soil screening mechanism and a chain-driven transmission mechanism. The chain-driven soil screening mechanism is located below the stalk-clamping and pulling mechanism and behind the shovel. The front end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is close to the shovel, and the rear end is connected to the stalk-clamping and transmission mechanism via the chain-driven transmission mechanism. After the shovel loosens the soil, the peanut plants are only being gathered but not yet clamped and pulled. During this process, the loosened soil is turned over by the front end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism, breaking up the soil clumps attached to the pods. This reduces the amount of soil clumps carried by the plants during pulling and prevents soil clumps from being left in the soil along with the pods. Afterward, when the stalk-clamping and pulling mechanism pulls the plants, the rear end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism continues to beat the soil clumps attached to the pods, clearing away the soil carried out during pulling. The cleared soil clumps fall off the chain-driven soil screening mechanism without affecting the flatness of the land. During this process, the peanuts are cleaned of soil during harvest, ensuring a thorough harvest and preventing any peanut pods from being missed due to attached soil clods. This improves the quality of the peanut harvest and eliminates the need for manual soil cleaning later, thus increasing harvesting efficiency. Furthermore, for both ridge-planted and flat-planted peanuts, the chain-driven soil-screening mechanism can reach into the soil to turn over and break up attached soil clods. As a result, peanuts can be harvested in various types of soil, demonstrating strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0036] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a peanut harvester according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure after the protective cover has been removed;

[0039] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 The main view;

[0040] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 Top view;

[0041] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the middle conveying device;

[0042] Figure 6 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the medium soil screening device;

[0043] In the picture:

[0044] 1. Frame; 11. Blade; 12. Transmission box; 13. Protective cover; 14. Eccentric bearing; 15. Blade connecting beam; 16. Blade upright plate;

[0045] 2. Delivery device;

[0046] 21. Seedling clamping and conveying mechanism; 211. Straight rotary seedling clamping chain; 212. Triangular rotary seedling clamping chain;

[0047] 22. Seedling clamping transmission mechanism; 221. Seedling clamping horizontal transmission mechanism; 2211. Horizontal transmission drive sprocket; 2212. Horizontal transmission driven sprocket; 2213. Seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel and shaft; 222. Seedling clamping vertical transmission mechanism; 2221. Seedling clamping vertical transmission wheel and shaft; 2222. Bevel gear pair;

[0048] 23. Seedling gathering section; 24. Seedling pulling section; 25. Seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly; 251. Connecting component; 252. Tension spring; 253. Tensioning wheel; 26. Grading assembly; 261. Grading component;

[0049] 3. Soil screening device;

[0050] 31. Chain-driven soil screening mechanism; 311. Chain-driven rotary chain assembly; 3111. Chain-driven rotary drive wheel axle; 3112. Chain-driven rotary drive sprocket; 3113. Chain-driven rotary driven wheel axle; 3114. Chain-driven rotary driven sprocket; 3115. Chain-driven rotary chain; 312. Rod-shaped component;

[0051] 32. Chain drive mechanism; 321. Chain drive driving sprocket; 322. Chain drive driven sprocket; 323. Chain drive wheel shaft;

[0052] 4. Front depth adjustment mechanism; 41. Screw; 42. Adjustment knob;

[0053] 5. Rear depth adjustment wheel assembly; 51. Depth adjustment wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0055] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this utility model includes a frame 1, a transmission box 12 mounted on the front of the frame 1, and a shovel 11 mounted on the lower part of the frame 1. The shovel 11 is inclined and used to loosen the soil by shoveling into the ground. The transmission box 12 is used to connect to a power unit (not shown in the figure) and transmit the power generated by the power unit to various devices of the peanut harvester to meet the power requirements. For the purposes of this application, both the shovel 11 and the transmission box 12 are well-known technologies in this field, and their specific structures will not be described in detail here. The transmission box 12 can be a clutch transmission box with a clutch function.

[0056] The frame 1 is also equipped with a pulling device 2 and a soil screening device 3. The pulling device 2 is located above the shovel 11 and includes a seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 and a seedling clamping transmission mechanism 22. The front end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 is connected to the transmission box 12 through the seedling clamping transmission mechanism 22, and the rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 is inclined upward. The seedling clamping transmission mechanism 22 transmits power from the transmission box 12 to the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21, driving the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 to gather and pull the peanut plants. The rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 is inclined upward, which changes the height of the peanut plants to meet the requirements of ridged planting and pulling after clamping, thus realizing the pulling action of the peanut plants.

[0057] The soil screening device 3 includes a chain-driven soil screening mechanism 31 and a chain-driven transmission mechanism 32. The chain-driven soil screening mechanism 31 is located below the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 and behind the shovel 11. The front end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism 31 is close to the shovel 11, and the rear end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism 31 is connected to the seedling clamping transmission mechanism 22 through the chain-driven transmission mechanism 32.

[0058] After the shovel 11 loosens the soil, the peanut plants are only being gathered together and not yet pulled out. During this process, the loosened soil is turned over by the front end of the chain-sifting soil mechanism 31, breaking up the soil clumps attached to the pods. This reduces the amount of soil clumps carried by the plants during the pulling process and prevents soil clumps from being left in the soil along with the pods. Afterward, the pulling mechanism 21 pulls out the plants, while the rear end of the chain-sifting soil mechanism 31 continues to beat the soil clumps attached to the pods, cleaning up the soil carried out during the pulling process. The cleaned soil clumps fall from the chain-sifting soil mechanism 31 without affecting the flatness of the land. During this process, the peanuts are cleaned of soil during harvest, ensuring a thorough harvest and preventing any peanut pods from being missed due to attached soil clods. This improves the quality of the peanut harvest and eliminates the need for manual soil cleaning later, thus increasing harvesting efficiency. Furthermore, for both ridge-planted and flat-planted peanuts, the chain-driven soil-screening mechanism 31 can reach into the soil to turn over and break up the attached soil clods. As a result, peanuts can be harvested in various types of soil, demonstrating strong adaptability.

[0059] like Figures 1 to 4 , Figure 6 As shown in the present application, the rear end of the chain-type soil screening mechanism 31 is inclined upward, which can follow and break up the soil clods carried at the bottom of the peanut plants pulled by the seedling-clamping and conveying mechanism 21, thereby improving the soil breaking effect.

[0060] The chain-driven soil screening mechanism 31 includes two rotating chains 3115 that are rotatably mounted and operate synchronously, and a number of rod-shaped components 312 that are disposed on the two rotating chains 3115 and spaced apart. The two ends of the rod-shaped components 312 are respectively fixed to the rotating chains 3115. The two rotating chains 3115 constitute a chain-driven rotating chain group 311. The rod-shaped components 312 include round steel, or round steel pipes, square pipes, angle steel, channel steel, and plate strips.

[0061] Alternatively, the chain-type soil screening mechanism 31 can be configured as a grid-type chain. The grid-type chain is a well-known technology in this field. For example, utility model patent CN222283975U discloses a chain-type screening device for harvesting root and tuber crops, specifically disclosing a coarse grid-type chain and a fine grid-type chain. This device can remove soil from root and tuber crops during harvesting; therefore, its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0062] The chain drive mechanism 32 includes a chain drive drive sprocket 321 and a chain drive driven sprocket 322 connected by chain drive. The chain drive drive sprocket 321 is mounted on the chain drive wheel shaft 323, which is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and has a chain drive wheel shaft gear for transmission connection with the seedling clamping drive mechanism 22.

[0063] The chain-driven soil screening mechanism 31 also includes a chain-driven rotary drive shaft 3111 and a chain-driven rotary driven shaft 3113 rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The chain-driven rotary drive shaft 3111 has chain-driven rotary sprockets 3112 fixed at both ends, and the chain-driven rotary driven shaft 3113 has chain-driven rotary driven sprockets 3114 fixed at both ends. The chain-driven rotary chain 3115 is wound around the chain-driven rotary drive sprockets 3112 and 3114 on the same side. The chain-driven driven sprocket 322 is mounted on one end of the chain-driven rotary drive shaft 3111.

[0064] The power transmitted by the seedling clamping transmission mechanism 22 is transmitted to the driven sprocket 322 of the chain drive mechanism 32, which in turn drives the chain drive shaft 3111 to rotate, drives the chain chain 3115 to rotate, and drives the rod-shaped component 312 to rotate together, thus turning, breaking up, and sieving the soil. During peanut harvesting, the front end of the chain sieving mechanism 31 extends into the soil to turn it up, breaking up the compacted soil attached to the pods, making it easier for the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 to pull the seedlings. During the subsequent pulling process, the rod-shaped component 312 continues to knock down the soil clods to break up the soil; the knocked-down soil clods fall through the gaps in the rod-shaped component 312, completing the sieving process.

[0065] Preferably, the moving direction of the upper rod-shaped component 312 is consistent with the pulling direction of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21, both moving backward. This allows the broken soil clods to be moved backward without affecting the peanut harvest. However, it should be noted that the rotational speed of the chain 3115 is greater than the pulling speed of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21. In other words, the rotational speed of the rod-shaped component 312 installed on the chain 3115 is greater than the moving speed of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 after pulling the plant. The speed difference between the moving speed of the rod-shaped component 312 and the moving speed of the plant allows for the breaking up of the soil clods carried by the plant.

[0066] In this application, it should be noted that the chain drive shaft 323 is equipped with two eccentric bearings 14, which are hinged to the blade connecting beam 15. The blade connecting beam 15 is horizontally positioned, and its two ends are fixedly connected to the top of the blade upright plate 16. Both blade upright plates 16 are rotatably connected to the frame 1, and the blade 11 is fixed between the two blade upright plates 16. When the chain drive shaft 323 rotates, the two eccentric bearings 14 drive the blade connecting beam 15 to move back and forth, which in turn drives the blade 11 to move back and forth through the two blade upright plates 16, thus achieving soil breaking and loosening.

[0067] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the present application, the seedling clamping transmission mechanism 22 includes a seedling clamping horizontal transmission mechanism 221 and a seedling clamping vertical transmission mechanism 222; the seedling clamping horizontal transmission mechanism 221 is used to transmit the power transmitted by the transmission box 12 horizontally backward, and the seedling clamping vertical transmission mechanism 222 is used to reverse the power and transmit it downward to the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21.

[0068] The seedling clamping horizontal transmission mechanism 221 includes a horizontal transmission drive sprocket 2211 and a horizontal transmission driven sprocket 2212 connected by a chain drive. The horizontal transmission drive sprocket 2211 is mounted on the power output shaft of the transmission box 12, and the horizontal transmission driven sprocket 2212 is mounted on the seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft 2213. The seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft 2213 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1 and is provided with a seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft gear for transmission connection with the chain drive mechanism 32.

[0069] For this application, there are two vertical transmission mechanisms 222 for clamping seedlings, and the two vertical transmission mechanisms 222 are respectively set at both ends of the horizontal transmission wheel axle 2213 for clamping seedlings.

[0070] The vertical transmission mechanism 222 for clamping seedlings includes a vertically arranged vertical transmission wheel and shaft 2221 for clamping seedlings. The vertical transmission wheel and shaft 2221 for clamping seedlings is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The top end of the vertical transmission wheel and shaft 2221 for clamping seedlings is connected to the end end of the horizontal transmission wheel and shaft 2213 for clamping seedlings through a bevel gear pair 2222. The bottom end of the vertical transmission wheel and shaft 2221 for clamping seedlings is connected to the seedling pulling mechanism 21 for clamping seedlings.

[0071] The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism 21 includes two annular chains in the same plane, one of which is a straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 and the other is a triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212. The front end of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 is connected to the bottom end of one of the seedling clamping vertical transmission wheel shafts 2221 via a sprocket. The front end of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212 is connected to the bottom end of the other seedling clamping vertical transmission wheel shaft 2221 via a sprocket. The rear ends of both the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 and the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212 are rotatably mounted on the frame 1 via sprockets.

[0072] The front ends of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211 and the front ends of the triangular rotary vine clamping chain 212 are far apart to form a vine-gathering section 23, while the rear ends of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211 and the rear ends of the triangular rotary vine clamping chain 212 are close together and mesh to form a conveying section 24. During peanut harvesting, the vine-gathering section 23 first gathers and concentrates the peanut plants. The vine-gathering section 23 is a figure-eight shape that expands outwards towards the front end of the frame 1, which can concentrate the scattered peanut plants into the conveying section 24. The conveying section 24 then conveys the peanut plants, preventing any missed plants, improving harvest integrity, ensuring thorough harvesting, and improving the quality and efficiency of peanut harvesting.

[0073] The meshing of the rear ends of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 and the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212 means that both the rear ends of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 and the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212 are equipped with chain teeth, and the chain teeth on the two chains mesh with each other to improve the pulling and conveying effect.

[0074] The rear end of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211 is inclined towards one side closer to the frame 1. The rear end of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211 and one side of the triangular rotary vine clamping chain 212 approach each other to form the conveying section 24. The rear end of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211 is inclined to one side so that the peanut plants can be laid out neatly on one side after being conveyed, making it easier to collect them later. At the same time, the triangular rotary vine clamping chain 212 can form the vine gathering section 23 by using one side of the triangular rotary vine clamping chain 212 and the front end of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211, and can also form the conveying section 24 by using the other side of the triangular rotary vine clamping chain 212 and the rear end of the straight rotary vine clamping chain 211. The structure is simple and realizes the two functions of vine gathering and conveying.

[0075] To improve the stability of the seedling pulling process, two seedling clamping chain tensioning assemblies 25 are installed on the frame 1. One seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly 25 is adapted to the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211, and the other seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly 25 is adapted to the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212. The seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly 25 includes a connector 251, a tension spring 252, and a tension wheel 253. The connector 251 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1, the tension spring 252 is connected to one end of the frame 1 and the connector 251, and the tension wheel 253 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the connector 251. The tension wheel 253 abuts against or presses against the corresponding straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 or triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212.

[0076] A front depth adjustment mechanism 4 and a rear depth adjustment wheel set 5 are installed on the frame 1. The front depth adjustment mechanism 4 includes a screw 41 and an adjusting ball 42 threadedly connected to it. The screw 41 is horizontally positioned and its front end is rotatably connected to the transmission box 12. The adjusting ball 42 is movably mounted on the frame 1 and is located horizontally behind the horizontal transmission wheel shaft 2213 of the seedling clamping wheel. The adjusting ball 42 has a nut that matches the screw 41. When the adjusting ball 42 drives the nut to rotate, it rotates forward or backward along the axis of the screw 41. When it rotates forward, it can lift the rear end of the frame 1 upward, and the overall height of the frame 1 decreases; conversely, when the adjusting ball 42 rotates backward, the overall height of the frame 1 increases.

[0077] The rear depth adjustment wheel assembly 5 includes two depth adjustment wheels 51 respectively located on both sides of the frame 1. The vertical position of the depth adjustment wheels 51 is adjustable. The depth adjustment wheels 51 are used to adjust the height of the frame 1. Their specific structure and adjustment principle are well-known technologies in this field and will not be described in detail here.

[0078] To improve the neatness of the arrangement and achieve orderly placement, a gathering component 26 is also provided on the frame 1. The gathering component 26 includes two gathering parts 261 located at the rear end of the seedling clamping and conveying mechanism 21 and extending outward. Each gathering part 261 is U-shaped, with one gathering part 261 passing through the rear end of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212 and the other gathering part 261 passing through the rear end of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211. The upper fork of the U-shaped fork is located above the chain, and the lower fork is located below the chain. After being conveyed by the straight rotary seedling clamping chain 211 and the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain 212, the peanut plants are further gathered by the two gathering parts 261 to ensure that they can be laid in a straight line.

[0079] A protective cover 13 is installed on the frame 1. The protective cover 13 is installed on the outside of the horizontal transmission wheel shaft 2213 for clamping seedlings and the chain drive wheel shaft 323. The protective cover 13 protects the horizontal transmission wheel shaft 2213 for clamping seedlings and the chain drive wheel shaft 323.

[0080] Before harvesting peanuts, the peanut harvester of this application first adjusts the overall height of the frame 1 by either the front depth adjustment mechanism 4 or the rear depth adjustment wheel set 5, or by their cooperation, to adapt to peanuts planted on raised beds or flat beds. After the adjustment is completed, the machine is driven forward by an external power component. During the movement, the shovel 11 digs into the soil to loosen it. At this time, the peanut plants are only being gathered but not yet pulled up. During this process, the loosened soil is turned over by the chain-type soil screening mechanism 31, which breaks up the soil clods attached to the pods, reducing the amount of soil clods carried when the plants are pulled up and reducing the weight of the plants during the pulling process, making it easier to pull up the plants and preventing soil clods from being left in the soil along with the pods during the pulling process.

[0081] The plants are gathered by the seedling gathering section 23 and continue to move backward into the pulling section 24. The seedling clamping and pulling mechanism 21 pulls the plants obliquely upward. At the same time, the rear end of the chain-type soil screening mechanism 31 continues to beat the soil clods attached to the pods, cleaning the soil brought out by the pulling. During the cleaning process, the cleaned soil clods fall continuously between the rod-shaped components 312, and the soil clods attached to the pods gradually decrease or even disappear. After the cleaning is completed, the plants are gathered and moved out from between the two gathering components 261 to the outside of the frame 1, completing the peanut harvest and being neatly arranged.

[0082] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A peanut harvester, comprising a frame, a transmission box mounted at the front of the frame, and a shovel mounted at the lower part of the frame; characterized in that, The frame is also equipped with a conveying device and a soil screening device; The pulling device is located above the shovel blade. The pulling device includes a seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and a seedling clamping transmission mechanism. The front end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is connected to the transmission box through the seedling clamping transmission mechanism, and the rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism is inclined upward. The soil screening device includes a chain-driven soil screening mechanism and a chain-driven transmission mechanism. The chain-driven soil screening mechanism is located below the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and behind the shovel. The front end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is close to the shovel, and the rear end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is connected to the seedling clamping transmission mechanism through the chain-driven transmission mechanism.

2. The peanut harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The rear end of the chain-driven soil screening mechanism is inclined upward; The chain-driven soil screening mechanism includes two rotating chains that are rotatably installed and run synchronously, and a number of rod-shaped components that are arranged on the two rotating chains and spaced apart. The two ends of the rod-shaped components are respectively fixed to the rotating chains. Alternatively, the chain-sieving mechanism can be configured as a grid chain.

3. The peanut harvester as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The chain drive mechanism includes a chain drive drive sprocket and a chain drive driven sprocket connected by chain drive. The chain drive drive sprocket is mounted on the chain drive wheel shaft, and the chain drive wheel shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame. A chain drive wheel shaft gear is provided on the chain drive wheel shaft for transmission connection with the seedling clamping drive mechanism. The chain-driven soil screening mechanism further includes a chain-driven rotary drive shaft and a chain-driven rotary driven shaft rotatably mounted on the frame. Both ends of the chain-driven rotary drive shaft are fixedly provided with chain-driven rotary sprockets, and both ends of the chain-driven rotary driven shaft are fixedly provided with chain-driven rotary sprockets. The chain-driven rotary chain is wound around the chain-driven rotary drive sprocket and the chain-driven rotary sprocket on the same side. The driven sprocket of the chain drive is installed at one end of the chain drive shaft.

4. The peanut harvester as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The seedling clamping transmission mechanism includes a horizontal seedling clamping transmission mechanism and a vertical seedling clamping transmission mechanism; The seedling clamping horizontal transmission mechanism includes a horizontal transmission drive sprocket and a horizontal transmission driven sprocket connected by a chain drive. The horizontal transmission drive sprocket is mounted on the power output shaft of the transmission box, and the horizontal transmission driven sprocket is mounted on the seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft. The seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft is rotatably mounted on the frame and is provided with a seedling clamping horizontal transmission wheel shaft gear for transmission connection with the chain drive mechanism.

5. The peanut harvester as described in claim 4, characterized in that, There are two vertical transmission mechanisms for clamping seedlings, and the two vertical transmission mechanisms for clamping seedlings are respectively set at both ends of the horizontal transmission wheel axle for clamping seedlings; The vertical transmission mechanism for clamping seedlings includes a vertically arranged vertical transmission wheel shaft for clamping seedlings, which is rotatably mounted on the frame. The two ends of the horizontal transmission wheel shaft for clamping seedlings are connected to the top ends of the two vertical transmission wheel shafts for clamping seedlings via a bevel gear pair. The bottom end of the vertical transmission wheel shaft for clamping seedlings is connected to the seedling pulling mechanism for transmission.

6. The peanut harvester as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The seedling clamping and conveying mechanism includes two annular chains in the same plane, one of which is a straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the other is a triangular rotary seedling clamping chain. The front end of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain is connected to the bottom end of one of the vertical transmission wheel shafts of the seedling clamping chain via a sprocket, and the front end of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain is connected to the bottom end of the other vertical transmission wheel shaft of the seedling clamping chain via a sprocket. The rear ends of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the rear ends of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are both rotatably mounted on the frame via sprockets. The front parts of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the front parts of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are far apart to form a seedling gathering section, while the rear parts of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and the rear parts of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are close together to form a pulling section.

7. The peanut harvester as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The rear part of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain is inclined toward one side closer to the frame, and the rear part of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain and one side of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain are close to each other to form the feeding part.

8. The peanut harvester as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Two seedling clamping chain tensioning assemblies are installed on the frame. One seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly is adapted to the straight rotary seedling clamping chain, and the other seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly is adapted to the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain. Each seedling clamping chain tensioning assembly includes: The connector is rotatably mounted on the frame; A tension spring is connected to one end of the frame and the connector; The tensioning wheel is rotatably mounted on the other end of the connector.

9. The peanut harvester as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The frame is equipped with a front depth adjustment mechanism and a rear depth adjustment wheel set. The front depth adjustment mechanism includes a screw and an adjustment hand ball threadedly connected thereto. The screw is horizontally arranged and its front end is rotatably connected to the transmission box. The adjustment hand ball is movably mounted on the frame and is located behind the horizontal transmission wheel shaft of the seedling clamping mechanism in the horizontal direction. The rear depth adjustment wheel assembly includes two depth adjustment wheels located on both sides of the frame, and the vertical position of the depth adjustment wheels is adjustable.

10. The peanut harvester as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The frame is also equipped with a gathering assembly, which includes two gathering members located at the rear end of the seedling clamping and pulling mechanism and extending outward. Each gathering member is U-shaped fork. One gathering member passes through the rear end of the triangular rotary seedling clamping chain, and the other gathering member passes through the rear end of the straight rotary seedling clamping chain. The upper fork of the U-shaped fork is located above the chain, and the lower fork of the U-shaped fork is located below the chain.

Images