Graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of ingot

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of copper ingot manufacturing, in particular to a graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of a cast ingot, which comprises a crystallizer shell, a crystallizer copper sleeve and a crystallizer flange, the crystallizer flange is located at the outermost side, the upper end of the crystallizer shell is provided with an outwardly convex circle which is buckled with a boss on the crystallizer flange, the crystallizer copper sleeve is located on the inner wall boss of the crystallizer shell, and a flow guide pipe is arranged on the outer side of the crystallizer shell; the inner wall of the crystallizer copper sleeve in the application adopts a conical structure design, can effectively guide the stable flow of metal liquid, reduce the turbulence and splashing phenomenon, and avoid the involvement of air bubbles; the conical structure also optimizes the heat conduction path, makes the heat more uniformly transmitted to the cooling system, prevents the shrinkage cavity, cracks and other defects caused by local overheating; the graphite material itself has good non-adhesion and self-lubricity, can effectively avoid the problem of "copper beans" adhesion when the copper liquid splashes and sits on the bottom, and significantly improves the surface smoothness of the cast ingot.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of copper ingot manufacturing technology, specifically to a graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of cast ingots. Background Technology

[0002] In continuous casting processes for non-ferrous metals, the surface quality of the ingot directly affects subsequent processing performance and the physical and mechanical properties of the finished product. In traditional casting processes, copper or steel crystallizers are often used as key components for the solidification and shaping of molten metal. However, in practical applications, these crystallizers generally suffer from the following problems: traditional cylindrical copper-sleeved crystallizers are prone to localized overcooling or uneven cooling during the cooling process, resulting in defects such as shrinkage porosity and cracks inside the ingot, affecting the material's density and mechanical properties. During the pouring of molten copper, splashing easily occurs and adheres to the inner wall of the crystallizer, forming "copper bean" residues, leading to an uneven ingot surface, increasing subsequent grinding workload, and reducing production efficiency and yield. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this application is to overcome the existing defects and provide a graphite crystallizer that improves the surface of ingots, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: a graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of ingots, comprising a crystallizer shell, a crystallizer copper sleeve, and a crystallizer flange, wherein the crystallizer flange is located on the outermost side, the upper end of the crystallizer shell is provided with an outwardly convex circle that engages with a boss on the crystallizer flange, the crystallizer copper sleeve is located on the inner wall boss of the crystallizer shell, a guide pipe is provided on the outer side of the crystallizer shell, and a lifting ring is provided on the upper surface of the flange cover plate in the crystallizer flange.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of this application, at least three reinforcing ribs are provided on the outer side of the crystallizer shell, and the reinforcing ribs are in contact with the inner wall of the crystallizer shell.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the lower end of the crystallizer shell is chamfered and closely abuts against the inclined surface of the lower end of the crystallizer flange.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the crystallizer flange includes a lower flange seat and a flange cover plate, wherein the lower flange seat and the flange cover plate are connected by fasteners, and the outer convex circle at the upper end of the crystallizer shell is disposed between the lower flange seat and the flange cover plate.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the inner wall of the copper sleeve of the crystallizer is designed in a conical shape.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, a cover plate is provided on the upper surface of the crystallizer flange.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the boss on the crystallizer flange is also provided with a water outlet hole.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows: The inner wall of the copper sleeve of the crystallizer in this application adopts a conical structure design, which effectively guides the smooth flow of molten metal, reduces turbulence and splashing, and avoids the entrainment of air bubbles; the conical structure also optimizes the heat conduction path, so that heat is transferred to the cooling system more evenly, preventing defects such as shrinkage cavities and cracks caused by local overheating; the graphite material itself has good non-adhesiveness and self-lubricating properties, which can effectively avoid the problem of "copper bean" adhesion when molten copper splashes out and sits on the bottom, significantly improving the surface finish of the ingot; multiple symmetrically distributed guide pipes are used to introduce cooling water or other cooling media; the cooling media circulates in the jacket, realizing forced cooling and uniform temperature field distribution, effectively shortening the solidification time. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0013] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the middle AA section;

[0014] Figure 3 This is a top view of this application.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Crystallizer shell, 2. Crystallizer copper sleeve, 3. Crystallizer flange, 4. Guide pipe, 5. Flange cover plate, 6. Reinforcing rib, 7. Lower flange seat. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application (for ease of description and understanding, hereinafter referred to as...), Figure 2 (The above is described above). All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] Please see Figure 1-3 This application provides a technical solution: a graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of ingots, including a crystallizer shell 1, a crystallizer copper sleeve 2 and a crystallizer flange 3. The crystallizer flange 3 is located on the outermost side. The upper end of the crystallizer shell 1 is provided with an outer convex circle, which is engaged with the boss on the crystallizer flange 3. The crystallizer copper sleeve 2 is located on the inner wall boss of the crystallizer shell 1.

[0018] The crystallizer flange 3 is typically mounted on a fixed bracket of the casting machine, serving to position, support, and seal the machine. As a connecting interface for the overall structure, the crystallizer flange 3 securely mounts the crystallizer to the casting equipment and provides a mounting base for the cooling system, lifting structure, etc. The crystallizer copper sleeve 2 is made of graphite material.

[0019] The crystallizer shell 1 has an outwardly convex circular structure on its upper edge. This structure forms a fitting connection with the corresponding inner boss structure inside the crystallizer flange 3, achieving precise positioning and sealing assembly.

[0020] The outer convex circle of the crystallizer shell 1 mates with the flange boss of the lower flange seat 7, ensuring no misalignment between the crystallizer shell 1 and the flange, improving the overall assembly accuracy. The snap-fit ​​connection structure facilitates the replacement of the shell or copper sleeve in the later stage, improving equipment maintenance efficiency.

[0021] A flow guide pipe 4 is provided on the outer side of the crystallizer shell 1, and a lifting ring is provided on the upper surface of the flange cover plate 5 in the crystallizer flange 3.

[0022] The flow guide pipe 4 is installed on the outer wall of the crystallizer shell 1.

[0023] Multiple guide pipes 4 are usually symmetrically distributed, and their number and position are designed according to the cooling requirements. The guide pipes 4 are used to introduce cooling water or other cooling media into the internal interlayer between the crystallizer shell 1 and the crystallizer flange 3 to achieve forced cooling.

[0024] The circumferentially distributed guide tubes 4 can control the temperature distribution in different parts of the crystallizer, avoiding local overheating or uneven cooling.

[0025] Uniform cooling helps to shorten solidification time, increase ingot forming speed and production cycle, and effectively prevent the crystallizer from thermal deformation due to high temperature, thus extending the service life of the equipment.

[0026] Specifically, the lifting ring is fixed to the upper surface of the flange cover plate 5 in the crystallizer flange 3.

[0027] Installation is typically done by welding or bolting to ensure a secure and reliable connection; the lifting rings provide a standardized lifting interface for the entire crystallizer, facilitating installation, disassembly, and replacement using equipment such as overhead cranes and gantry cranes.

[0028] The lifting rings should be located at the center of the flange cover plate 5 or symmetrically distributed on both sides to ensure balanced force.

[0029] Furthermore, at least three reinforcing ribs 6 are provided on the outer side of the crystallizer shell 1, and the reinforcing ribs 6 are in contact with the inner wall of the crystallizer shell 1.

[0030] On the outer surface of the crystallizer shell 1, the reinforcing ribs 6 are spirally distributed metal strips to match the overall thermal performance of the equipment. The reinforcing ribs 6 extend and form physical contact with the inner wall of the crystallizer shell 1, which can effectively improve the structural rigidity, deformation resistance and thermal conductivity of the entire crystallizer shell 1.

[0031] Furthermore, the lower end of the crystallizer shell 1 is chamfered, which is in close contact with the inclined surface of the lower end of the crystallizer flange 3.

[0032] Furthermore, the crystallizer flange 3 includes a lower flange seat 7 and a flange cover plate 5, wherein the lower flange seat 7 and the flange cover plate 5 are connected by fasteners, and the outer convex circle at the upper end of the crystallizer shell 1 is disposed between the lower flange seat 7 and the flange cover plate 5.

[0033] The lower flange seat 7 is fixed on the casting equipment support and serves as the base for the flange assembly. The flange cover plate 5 is a detachable upper cover used to press the crystallizer shell 1 and achieve overall sealing.

[0034] The lower flange seat 7 and the flange cover plate 5 are connected by fasteners such as bolts and nuts to form a detachable clamping structure. Multiple bolt holes are evenly distributed around the flange circumference and are locked with high-strength bolts.

[0035] Furthermore, the inner wall of the copper sleeve 2 of the crystallizer is designed in a conical shape.

[0036] The inner wall adopts a conical structure with a larger top and a smaller bottom (or a smaller top and a larger bottom) instead of the traditional straight cylinder. The conical inner wall guides the molten metal to flow smoothly downwards, reducing turbulence and the formation of local hot spots. At the same time, the conical structure also optimizes the heat conduction path to the external environment, allowing heat to be transferred from the high-temperature area to the low-temperature area more quickly and finally carried away by the cooling medium.

[0037] Furthermore, the boss on the crystallizer flange 3 is also provided with a water outlet.

[0038] The water is discharged through the outlet hole on the boss, forming an efficient heat exchange cycle. The outlet hole is reasonably designed and, together with the tight flange connection structure, effectively prevents the leakage of cooling medium and ensures the safety and stability of equipment operation.

[0039] In use: Insert the crystallizer shell 1 with the convex circular structure into the crystallizer flange 3, and make the convex circular structure of the crystallizer shell 1 embedded between the lower flange seat 7 and the flange cover plate 5, ensuring that the shell will not shift or fall off in the high-temperature working environment. Use high-strength bolts to connect the flange cover plate 5 and the lower flange seat 7, and tighten them evenly in the circumference to ensure a tight connection and balanced force. Insert the crystallizer copper sleeve 2 with the conical inner wall design into the crystallizer shell 1, and let its bottom rest on the inner wall protrusion. At this time, slowly inject molten metal (such as copper liquid) into the crystallizer copper sleeve 2. The conical inner wall guides the molten metal to flow smoothly, reducing turbulence and bubble entrainment, and reducing splashing and local overheating. External cooling water or other cooling medium is connected to the interlayer space between the crystallizer shell 1 and the flange through multiple symmetrically arranged guide pipes 4. The cooling water or other cooling medium carries away heat along the spiral pattern on the outer wall of the crystallizer copper sleeve 2. At this time, the cooling water or other cooling medium flows out from the outlet, carrying away heat and realizing the cooling of the copper ingot.

[0040] Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of ingots, comprising a crystallizer shell (1), a crystallizer copper sleeve (2), and a crystallizer flange (3), wherein the crystallizer flange (3) is located on the outermost side, characterized in that: The upper end of the crystallizer shell (1) is provided with an outer convex circle, which is engaged with the boss on the crystallizer flange (3). The crystallizer copper sleeve (2) is located on the inner wall boss of the crystallizer shell (1). A guide pipe (4) is provided on the outer side of the crystallizer shell (1). A lifting ring is provided on the upper surface of the flange cover plate (5) in the crystallizer flange (3).

2. The graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of an ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least three reinforcing ribs (6) are provided on the outer side of the crystallizer shell (1), and the reinforcing ribs (6) are in contact with the inner wall of the crystallizer shell (1).

3. A graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of an ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the crystallizer shell (1) is chamfered and closely abuts the inclined surface of the lower end of the crystallizer flange (3).

4. A graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of an ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crystallizer flange (3) includes a lower flange seat (7) and a flange cover plate (5), wherein the lower flange seat (7) and the flange cover plate (5) are connected by fasteners, and the outer convex circle at the upper end of the crystallizer shell (1) is disposed between the lower flange seat (7) and the flange cover plate (5).

5. A graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of an ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the copper sleeve (2) of the crystallizer is conical.

6. A graphite crystallizer for improving the surface of an ingot according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boss on the crystallizer flange (3) is also provided with a water outlet.

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