Low-temperature plasma assisted plastic powder crushing degradation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of plastic crushing degradation equipment, and disclose a kind of low-temperature plasma auxiliary plastic crushing degradation device, the device to solve the problem of degradation insufficient caused by the accumulation of plastic after crushing;In the utility model, by rotating shaft, pivot, first motor, outer cylinder, inner cylinder and steel ball, rotating shaft of outer cylinder side is driven by first motor, by the meshing transmission of first gear and second gear, drive the high-speed rotation of inner cylinder fixed with pivot in outer cylinder, when working, plastic is crushed, and enters inner cylinder by discharge pipe, and under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, with the steel ball high-speed rotation of inner cylinder, and plastic violent collision, friction and extrusion, realize the further refinement of plastic particles, effectively reduce particle size, simultaneously provide greater contact area for subsequent degradation, to improve overall degradation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of plastic crushing and degradation equipment, and in particular to a low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic crushing and degradation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the plastics industry, the treatment of plastic waste has become a global environmental concern. Traditional plastic degradation methods, such as pyrolysis and chemical degradation, have problems such as high energy consumption, easy generation of secondary pollution, and low degradation efficiency. Low-temperature plasma technology has become one of the emerging plastic treatment technologies because it operates at room temperature and pressure and has high reactivity.

[0003] A search revealed that Chinese Patent Publication No. CN219849975U discloses a plastic degradation crushing device that can automatically crush plastics. The arc-shaped crushing blades in the crushing structure can hook and move cylindrical and tubular plastics, preventing slippage and bouncing on the crushing structure, reducing the crushing time and improving crushing efficiency. It also features a re-crushing and collection structure, which can both screen the crushed material and collect plastics that are not crushed to the required size, facilitating re-crushing of these smaller pieces. This comprehensive functionality makes the product easier to promote and use.

[0004] The above-mentioned and existing related technologies often have the following drawbacks: although it is possible to screen the crushed materials, plastic fragments of different sizes will still exist during the degradation of plastics, and the accumulation of plastic fragments will result in incomplete degradation and low efficiency. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that the existing technology has the disadvantage of insufficient degradation due to the accumulation of plastic after crushing. To address this, we propose a low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic crushing and degradation device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic crushing and degradation device, comprising: a crushing component, an inlet provided on the upper surface of the crushing component, an outlet provided on the lower bottom surface of the crushing component, a mixing component provided at one end of the outlet, and a degradation component provided on one side of the mixing component;

[0007] The mixing component includes an outer cylinder fixed to one end of a discharge pipe, an inner cylinder inside the outer cylinder, one end of the discharge pipe being connected to and rotatably connected to the inner cylinder, a rotating shaft and a pivot shaft on one side of the outer cylinder, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, one end of the pivot shaft passing through the outer cylinder and being fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, the pivot shaft being rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, a first motor being provided at one end of the rotating shaft, a first gear being sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a second gear being sleeved on the outer surface of the pivot shaft, the first gear and the second gear meshing with each other, and steel balls being provided inside the inner cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the crushing component includes a crushing cylinder with a feed inlet at the lower end, a second motor is provided on the upper surface of the crushing cylinder, a drive shaft is provided inside the crushing cylinder, the output end of the second motor passes through the crushing cylinder and is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and a set of crushing blades is fixed on the outer surface of the drive shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a conical filter screen is fixed to the lower end of the drive shaft, and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder. The outer edge of the conical filter screen slides into the groove to form a sliding connection structure along the circumferential direction.

[0010] Preferably, a conical outer cylinder is fixed inside the pulverizing cylinder, the conical outer cylinder is located below the conical filter screen, a conical inner cylinder is provided inside the conical outer cylinder, and a cavity is provided between the conical outer cylinder and the conical inner cylinder.

[0011] Preferably, the outer surface of the crushing cylinder is provided with a pneumatic conveying component, which includes an air pump fixed to the outer surface of the crushing cylinder. One end of the air pump is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air pump passes through the crushing cylinder and is provided with an air outlet pipe. The lower end of the air outlet pipe is fixed with a nozzle. Multiple sets of nozzles are provided. The nozzles are located inside the cavity. A connecting pipe is provided inside the cavity, and the connecting pipe is connected to the multiple sets of nozzles.

[0012] Preferably, the degradation component includes a conduit disposed at one end of the rotating shaft, the conduit being connected to the inner cylinder, a plasma generator being disposed at one end of the conduit, and a pipe being disposed at the upper end of the plasma generator, with an oxygen generator connected to the outside of the pipe.

[0013] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0014] In this invention, a rotating shaft, a first motor, an outer cylinder, an inner cylinder, and steel balls are used. The rotating shaft on one side of the outer cylinder is driven by the first motor. Through the meshing transmission of the first gear and the second gear, the inner cylinder, which is fixed to the rotating shaft, rotates at high speed inside the outer cylinder. During operation, after the plastic is crushed, it enters the inner cylinder through the discharge pipe. The steel balls rotating at high speed with the inner cylinder collide, rub, and squeeze violently with the plastic under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, thereby further refining the plastic particles, effectively reducing the particle size, and providing a larger contact area for subsequent degradation, thus improving the overall degradation efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The disclosure of this utility model is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the crushing component of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a top view schematic diagram of the conical outer cylinder and conical inner cylinder of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hybrid component and degradation section of this utility model;

[0020] Legend: 1. Crushing component; 11. Second motor; 12. Drive shaft; 13. Crushing blade assembly; 14. Conical filter screen; 15. Conical outer cylinder; 16. Conical inner cylinder; 17. Cavity; 18. Crushing cylinder; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Pneumatic conveying component; 31. Air inlet pipe; 32. Air pump; 33. Air outlet pipe; 34. Nozzle; 4. Discharge pipe; 5. Mixing component; 51. Outer cylinder; 52. Inner cylinder; 53. Steel ball; 54. Rotating shaft; 55. Rotating shaft; 56. Second gear; 57. First gear; 58. First motor; 6. Degradation component; 61. Conduit; 62. Pipe; 63. Plasma generator. Detailed Implementation

[0021] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this utility model, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of this utility model. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative descriptions of the technical solution of this utility model and should not be considered as the entirety of this utility model or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this utility model.

[0022] Reference Figures 1-4 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic crushing and degradation device, comprising: a crushing component 1, an inlet 2 provided on the upper surface of the crushing component 1, an outlet pipe 4 provided on the lower bottom surface of the crushing component 1, a mixing component 5 provided at one end of the outlet pipe 4, and a degradation component 6 provided on one side of the mixing component 5.

[0023] The mixing component 5 includes an outer cylinder 51 fixed to one end of the discharge pipe 4, an inner cylinder 52 disposed inside the outer cylinder 51, one end of the discharge pipe 4 connected to and rotatably connected to the inner cylinder 52, a rotating shaft 54 ​​and a rotating shaft 55 disposed on one side of the outer cylinder 51, the rotating shaft 54 ​​being rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 51, one end of the rotating shaft 55 passing through the outer cylinder 51 and fixedly connected to the inner cylinder 52, the rotating shaft 55 being rotatably connected to the outer cylinder 51, a first motor 58 disposed at one end of the rotating shaft 54, a first gear 57 sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 54, and a second gear 56 sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft 55, the first gear 57 and the second gear 56 meshing, a steel ball 53 disposed inside the inner cylinder 52, the first motor 58 driving the rotating shaft 54 ​​to rotate, the first... Gear 57 rotates accordingly. Because the first gear 57 meshes with the second gear 56, the second gear 56 drives the rotating shaft 55 to rotate, which in turn causes the inner cylinder 52, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 55, to rotate at high speed inside the outer cylinder 51. The outer cylinder 51 remains stationary. The crushed plastic enters the inner cylinder 52 from the discharge pipe 4. The steel ball 53 inside the inner cylinder 52 rotates at high speed with the inner cylinder 52. Under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, the steel ball 53 collides, rubs, and squeezes violently with the plastic, further breaking down the incompletely crushed particles in the plastic. The high-frequency collision and friction between the steel ball 53 and the plastic material can further refine the crushed plastic particles, reduce the particle size, provide a larger contact area for the subsequent degradation component 6, prevent plastic fragments from accumulating together, and improve the uniformity and efficiency of degradation.

[0024] Reference Figure 2 As shown in this embodiment: the crushing component 1 includes a crushing cylinder 18 with a feed inlet 2 at its lower end. A second motor 11 is installed on the upper surface of the crushing cylinder 18. A drive shaft 12 is installed inside the crushing cylinder 18. The output end of the second motor 11 passes through the crushing cylinder 18 and is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 12. A crushing blade assembly 13 is fixed on the outer surface of the drive shaft 12. After the plastic is fed in through the feed inlet 2, it will directly enter the crushing cylinder 18 located at the lower end of the feed inlet 2. The second motor 11 starts and drives the drive shaft 12 to rotate inside the crushing cylinder 18. The crushing blade assembly 13 is fixed on the outer surface of the drive shaft 12. As the drive shaft 12 rotates, the crushing blade assembly 13 will also rotate synchronously. The high-speed rotating crushing blade assembly 13 will come into violent contact with the plastic entering the crushing cylinder 18. Through cutting, shearing, impact and other actions, the plastic is crushed. It can effectively crush larger pieces of plastic into smaller particles and complete the initial volume reduction process of the plastic.

[0025] A conical filter screen 14 is fixed to the lower end of the drive shaft 12. A groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder 18. The outer edge of the conical filter screen 14 slides in the groove to form a sliding connection structure along the circumferential direction. As the drive shaft 12 rotates, the conical filter screen 14 will rotate with the drive shaft 12. The crushed plastic particles will fall onto the conical filter screen 14. As the conical filter screen 14 rotates with the drive shaft 12, the particles move towards the edge of the filter screen under the action of centrifugal force. Particles that meet the particle size requirements will pass through the mesh of the filter screen, while larger particles that do not meet the requirements will be blocked on the filter screen and continue to be crushed by the upper crushing blade group 13 until the particle size meets the requirements and passes through the filter screen. The setting of the conical filter screen 14 further ensures the consistency of the particle size of the crushed plastic particles and avoids unqualified large particles from directly entering the subsequent stages.

[0026] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment: a conical outer cylinder 15 is fixed inside the crushing cylinder 18. The conical outer cylinder 15 is located below the conical filter screen 14. A conical inner cylinder 16 is provided inside the conical outer cylinder 15. A cavity 17 is provided between the conical outer cylinder 15 and the conical inner cylinder 16. Particles that meet the particle size requirements will enter the conical inner cylinder 16 through the mesh of the filter screen. Under the action of gravity, the particles enter the discharge pipe 4, which reduces the residence time of the particles during the conveying process and improves the flow rate of the material in the whole device.

[0027] A pneumatic conveying component 3 is provided on the outer surface of the crushing cylinder 18. The pneumatic conveying component 3 includes an air pump 32 fixed on the outer surface of the crushing cylinder 18. One end of the air pump 32 is provided with an air inlet pipe 31, and the other end of the air pump 32 passes through the crushing cylinder 18 and is provided with an air outlet pipe 33. A nozzle 34 is fixed at the lower end of the air outlet pipe 33. Multiple sets of nozzles 34 are provided. The nozzles 34 are located inside the cavity 17. A connecting pipe is provided inside the cavity 17, and the connecting pipe is connected to the multiple sets of nozzles 34. Particles that meet the particle size requirements enter the conical inner cylinder 16 through the mesh. Unqualified large particles are blocked and undergo secondary crushing by the crushing blade group 13. At this time, the nozzles 34 of the pneumatic conveying component 3 spray airflow into the cavity 17, forming a pushing force on the plastic particles passing through the filter screen, causing the particles to enter the discharge pipe 4 quickly and smoothly, avoiding the accumulation and blockage of particles in the conical inner cylinder 16, ensuring that the material can continuously and stably enter the mixing component 5, and improving the smooth operation of the entire device.

[0028] Reference Figure 4As shown in this embodiment: the degradation component 6 includes a conduit 61 disposed at one end of the rotating shaft 55. The conduit 61 is connected to the inner cylinder 52. A plasma generator 63 is disposed at one end of the conduit 61. A pipe 62 is disposed at the upper end of the plasma generator 63. An oxygen generator is connected to the pipe 62. When the plasma generator 63 is working, it uses the oxygen provided by the external oxygen generator to generate low-temperature plasma. The low-temperature plasma enters the inner cylinder 52 and comes into full contact with the plastic particles. With the help of the high activity of the plasma, chemical reactions such as the breaking and oxidation of plastic molecular chains are triggered, thereby degrading the plastic. The introduction of oxygen provides sufficient oxidant for the oxidation reaction, further enhancing the degradation effect, enabling the plastic to be decomposed more thoroughly and reducing environmental pollution.

[0029] Working principle: Plastic enters the crushing cylinder 18 through the feed inlet 2. The second motor 11 drives the transmission shaft 12, which in turn drives the crushing blade assembly 13 to rotate at high speed. Through cutting, shearing, and impact, the plastic is crushed into smaller particles. The conical filter screen 14 at the lower end of the transmission shaft 12 rotates synchronously with the shaft, and the particles move towards the edge of the filter screen under the action of centrifugal force. Particles of the qualified size fall into the conical inner cylinder 16 below through the mesh, while unqualified large particles are blocked and continue to be crushed by the crushing blade assembly 13. The nozzle 34 sprays airflow into the cavity 17 to accelerate the qualified particles into the discharge pipe 4 and prevent particle accumulation. When the plastic particles in the discharge pipe 4 enter the inner cylinder 52, the first motor 58 drives the rotating shaft 54. Through the meshing of the first gear 57 and the second gear 56, the rotating shaft 55 and the inner cylinder 52 are driven to rotate at high speed in the outer cylinder 51. The steel balls 53 in the inner cylinder 52 are subjected to centrifugal force and gravity. Under the influence of the plasma, the plastic particles collide, rub, and are squeezed violently, further refining the particles to the micron level and increasing the specific surface area. The plasma generator 63 uses oxygen provided by an external oxygen generator to generate low-temperature plasma rich in high-energy electrons and free radicals. The low-temperature plasma enters the inner cylinder 52 through the conduit 61 and comes into full contact with the high-speed rotating plastic particles, triggering molecular chain breakage and oxidative decomposition reactions, degrading the plastic into small molecule products such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, enhancing the degradation effect, enabling the plastic to be decomposed more thoroughly, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0030] The technical scope of this utility model is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this utility model, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic pulverization and degradation device, characterized in that, include: The crushing component has a feed inlet on its upper surface and a discharge pipe on its lower bottom surface. A mixing component is located at one end of the discharge pipe, and a degradation component is located on one side of the mixing component. The mixing component includes an outer cylinder fixed to one end of a discharge pipe, an inner cylinder inside the outer cylinder, one end of the discharge pipe being connected to and rotatably connected to the inner cylinder, a rotating shaft and a pivot shaft on one side of the outer cylinder, the rotating shaft being rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, one end of the pivot shaft passing through the outer cylinder and being fixedly connected to the inner cylinder, the pivot shaft being rotatably connected to the outer cylinder, a first motor being provided at one end of the rotating shaft, a first gear being sleeved on the outer surface of the rotating shaft, a second gear being sleeved on the outer surface of the pivot shaft, the first gear and the second gear meshing with each other, and steel balls being provided inside the inner cylinder.

2. The low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic pulverization and degradation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing component includes a crushing cylinder with a feed inlet at the lower end, a second motor on the upper surface of the crushing cylinder, a drive shaft inside the crushing cylinder, the output end of the second motor passing through the crushing cylinder and fixedly connected to the drive shaft, and a set of crushing blades fixed on the outer surface of the drive shaft.

3. The low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic pulverization and degradation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A conical filter screen is fixed at the lower end of the drive shaft, and a groove is provided on the inner wall of the crushing cylinder. The outer edge of the conical filter screen slides into the groove to form a sliding connection structure along the circumferential direction.

4. The low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic pulverization and degradation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing cylinder has a fixed conical outer cylinder inside, which is located below the conical filter screen. A conical inner cylinder is provided inside the conical outer cylinder, and a cavity is provided between the conical outer cylinder and the conical inner cylinder.

5. The low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic pulverization and degradation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer surface of the crushing cylinder is provided with a pneumatic conveying component, which includes an air pump fixed on the outer surface of the crushing cylinder. One end of the air pump is provided with an air inlet pipe, and the other end of the air pump passes through the crushing cylinder and is provided with an air outlet pipe. The lower end of the air outlet pipe is fixed with a nozzle. Multiple sets of nozzles are provided. The nozzles are located inside the cavity. A connecting pipe is provided inside the cavity, and the connecting pipe is connected to the multiple sets of nozzles.

6. The low-temperature plasma-assisted plastic pulverization and degradation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The degradation component includes a conduit located at one end of the rotating shaft, which is connected to the inner cylinder. A plasma generator is located at one end of the conduit, and a pipe is located at the upper end of the plasma generator, which is connected to an oxygen generator.

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