A charging control system of an intelligent battery replacement cabinet

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of charging control system of intelligent battery replacement cabinet, including main control module, detection module, switching module, charger and at least two battery compartments, the charger is connected with the battery compartment by the switching module, the state parameter of battery compartment is collected in real time by the detection module, the main control module according to parameter dynamic control the switching module dynamic distribution output port of the charger. It is through the cooperation of main control module, detection module, switching module and single charger, realizes the dynamic multiplexing charging of multiple battery compartments. Detection module real-time acquisition battery parameter, main control module is based on priority algorithm (emergency / efficiency priority) control switching module distribution charging resource, combined with over-temperature protection, reverse connection protection and OTA upgrade function, significantly reduce hardware cost by more than 50%, improve charging efficiency by 22%, applicable to two-wheeled electric vehicle and logistics vehicle battery replacement scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy battery swapping equipment technology, and in particular to a charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet. Background Technology

[0002] Existing battery swapping cabinets typically have an independent charger for each battery compartment, resulting in high equipment costs and low space utilization. For example, a traditional 8-compartment battery swapping cabinet requires 8 independent chargers, with hardware costs accounting for over 40% of the total cabinet cost. Furthermore, the independent charging mode cannot dynamically adjust the charging strategy according to the actual battery demand, often resulting in resource waste due to "fast charging for small batteries and slow charging for large batteries," with average charging efficiency 15%-20% lower than optimized solutions. In addition, existing technologies lack real-time collaborative management of battery compartment status, making it easy for a failure in one battery compartment to trigger a chain reaction of problems. For instance, the accident rate of a battery swapping cabinet experiencing a power outage due to a short circuit in a single compartment is as high as 3.2%. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet, solving the problems of high cost, low efficiency, and poor coordination in existing technologies.

[0004] The above-mentioned utility model objective is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet includes a main control module, a detection module, a switching module, a charger, and at least two battery compartments. The charger is connected to the battery compartments through the switching module. The detection module collects the status parameters of the battery compartments in real time. The main control module dynamically controls the switching module to dynamically allocate the output ports of the charger according to the parameters.

[0006] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the detection module includes an ultrasonic positioning detector, a temperature sensor and a data communication circuit. The ultrasonic positioning detector is used to detect the battery's position status, the temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature inside the chamber, and the data communication circuit is used to detect the battery voltage, capacity and charging status.

[0007] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the switching module adopts a relay switching circuit and is controlled by the main control module.

[0008] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the output voltage range of the charger is 30-88V, the current range is 0-20A, and it is compatible with ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0009] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the main control module has a built-in dynamic charging strategy algorithm, including a priority determination module, a power allocation module and a control signal output module.

[0010] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the priority determination module sorts the charging priority according to the battery SOC, capacity and temperature parameters.

[0011] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the power distribution module adopts time-division multiplexing technology to allocate charging time to each compartment during dual-compartment charging.

[0012] As a further technical solution of this utility model, it also includes a reverse connection protection circuit and an over-temperature protection circuit.

[0013] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the main control module communicates with the battery BMS through the CAN bus to obtain battery health status (SOH) information.

[0014] As a further technical solution of this utility model: the system supports OTA firmware upgrade and remote fault diagnosis functions.

[0015] In summary, this utility model has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0016] This utility model discloses an intelligent battery swapping cabinet charging control system. Through the collaboration of a main control module, a detection module, a switching module, and a single charger, it achieves dynamic reuse charging of multiple battery compartments. The detection module collects battery parameters in real time, and the main control module controls the switching module to allocate charging resources based on a priority algorithm (emergency / efficiency priority). Combined with over-temperature protection, reverse connection protection, and OTA upgrade functions, it significantly reduces hardware costs by more than 50% and improves charging efficiency by 22%, making it suitable for battery swapping scenarios for two-wheeled electric vehicles and logistics vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the switching process of this utility model.

[0019] Reference numerals: 1. Main control module; 21. Warehouse control detection module A; 22. Warehouse control detection module B; 3. Switching module; 4. Charger; 5. Battery compartment A; 6. Battery compartment B. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] Example 1:

[0024] Reference Figure 1 This utility model discloses a charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet, comprising a main control module 1, a detection module, a switching module 3, a charger 4, and at least two battery compartments. The charger 4 is connected to the battery compartments via the switching module 3. The detection module collects the status parameters of the battery compartments in real time, and the main control module 1 dynamically controls the switching module 3 to dynamically allocate the output ports of the charger 4 according to the parameters. The main control module 1 uses an STM32F103C8T6 microcontroller, and the detection module integrates a MAX197 12-bit A / D converter. In this embodiment, the detection module includes a compartment control detection module A21 and a compartment control detection module B22. The two battery compartments are battery compartment A (5) and battery compartment B (6). The compartment control detection module A21 is connected to the main control module 1, battery compartment A (5), and the switching module 3, respectively. The compartment control detection module B22 is connected to the main control module 1, battery compartment B (6), and the switching module 3, respectively.

[0025] The detection module includes an ultrasonic positioning detector, a temperature sensor, and a data communication circuit. The ultrasonic positioning detector is used to detect the battery's position status, the temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature inside the compartment, and the data communication circuit is used to detect the battery voltage, capacity, and charging status.

[0026] Switching module 3 uses a relay switching circuit and is controlled by main control module 1. Charger 4 has an output voltage range of 30-88V and a current range of 0-20A, compatible with ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate batteries. Main control module 1 incorporates a dynamic charging strategy algorithm, including a priority determination module, a power allocation module, and a control signal output module.

[0027] The core control logic is as follows: Status detection: In the initial state, the system periodically polls to check the in-situ communication and battery parameters (voltage, temperature) of the two battery compartments. When a battery is detected inserted into a certain compartment, the parameter identification process is automatically initiated, including: Pre-charge test: Pre-charge at 0.1C current for 5 seconds and collect dynamic internal resistance data. Protocol handshake: Communicate with the battery BMS via the CAN bus to obtain information such as SOC and state of health (SOH).

[0028] The dynamic switching strategy is as follows: Priority Determination: Emergency Priority: When the SOC of a battery in a compartment is <10% and the temperature is within the normal range of 5-45℃, immediately switch to charger 4 for power supply. Efficiency Priority: If both compartments need charging, and the battery models are different, prioritize charging the battery with the smaller capacity; when the battery models in both compartments are the same, charge the battery with the larger SOC, implementing a differentiated strategy of "fast charging for small batteries and slow charging for large batteries". Safety Protection: Over-temperature Protection: When the temperature of either compartment exceeds 35℃, the fan is triggered for forced cooling; when the temperature of either compartment exceeds 50℃, the power supply to that compartment is cut off. Reverse Connection Protection: The power module has a built-in reverse current blocking circuit to prevent damage to the equipment caused by incorrect battery polarity.

[0029] The priority determination module sorts charging priorities based on battery SOC, capacity, and temperature parameters. The power allocation module uses time-division multiplexing technology to allocate charging time to each compartment during dual-compartment charging. It also includes reverse connection protection circuitry and over-temperature protection circuitry. The main control module 1 communicates with the battery BMS via the CAN bus to obtain battery state of health (SOH) information. The system supports OTA firmware upgrades and remote fault diagnosis.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 The working process of this utility model is as follows:

[0031] Installation and debugging:

[0032] Charger 4, main control module 1, and switching module 3 are fixed in the electrical chamber of the battery swapping cabinet, and the detection module is connected to the battery compartment via a ribbon cable.

[0033] Initialization parameter configuration: Set SOC threshold (default high value), temperature protection threshold (50℃), default A compartment.

[0034] Workflow:

[0035] Scenario 1: Single-compartment charging

[0036] When only battery compartment A 5 is inserted, the system automatically switches charger 4 to battery compartment A 5 to charge at full power.

[0037] It monitors battery parameters in real time and automatically switches to constant voltage charging when the SOC reaches 90%.

[0038] Scenario 2: Alternating charging in both compartments

[0039] When battery compartment A (SOC = 20%) and battery compartment B (SOC = 30%) are inserted simultaneously:

[0040] Priority determination: Battery compartment 6 in B has priority for charging due to its higher SOC.

[0041] Battery compartment A (5) enters the waiting state. Once battery compartment B (6) is fully charged (≥97%), switch to charging compartment A until both compartments are fully charged (≥97%).

[0042] When battery compartment A 5 has started charging (SOC = 20%), and battery compartment B 6 (SOC = 30%, capacity 20Ah) is inserted, switch to charging in compartment B. Once battery compartment B 6 is fully charged (≥97%), switch back to charging in compartment A until both compartments are fully charged (≥97%). When battery compartment B 6 (SOC = 10%) is inserted, do not switch. Once battery compartment A 5 is fully charged (≥97%), switch back to charging in battery compartment B 6.

[0043] Maintenance and upgrades:

[0044] The system supports OTA firmware upgrades and can remotely update the control logic via a 4G module.

[0045] Fault diagnosis: When a warehouse is detected to have three consecutive abnormal parameters (such as voltage fluctuation > 10%), isolation protection is automatically triggered, and alarm information is sent to the operation and maintenance platform via the MQTT protocol.

[0046] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following characteristics:

[0047] Cost optimization: A single charger replaces the independent dual-compartment configuration, reducing hardware costs by more than 50%. Taking an 8-compartment battery swapping cabinet as an example, the number of chargers is reduced from 8 to 4, saving 50% in costs. A relay switching circuit is used to achieve low-power switching, and the power supplies of the two compartments are physically isolated for safety.

[0048] Efficiency Improvement: Time-sharing technology improves equipment utilization, reducing the idle rate of charging modules in a single battery swapping cabinet by 50%.

[0049] Enhanced safety: Multi-dimensional detection (voltage, temperature, presence status) combined with reverse connection protection circuitry reduces the charging accident rate to below 0.8%. Modular design supports hot-swappable maintenance; a single compartment failure does not affect the operation of other compartments, and repair time is reduced from 45 minutes to 15 minutes.

[0050] The implementation principle of this utility model is as follows: This utility model discloses an intelligent battery swapping cabinet charging control system. Through the collaboration of the main control module 1, detection module, switching module 3, and single charger 4, dynamic reuse charging of multiple battery compartments is realized. The detection module collects battery parameters in real time. The main control module 1 controls the switching module 3 to allocate charging resources based on a priority algorithm (emergency / efficiency priority). Combined with over-temperature protection, reverse connection protection, and OTA upgrade functions, it significantly reduces hardware costs by more than 50% and improves charging efficiency by 22%, making it suitable for battery swapping scenarios for two-wheeled electric vehicles and logistics vehicles.

[0051] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this utility model should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet, characterized in that, It includes a main control module (1), a detection module, a switching module (3), a charger (4) and at least two battery compartments. The charger (4) is connected to the battery compartments through the switching module (3). The detection module collects the status parameters of the battery compartments in real time. The main control module (1) dynamically controls the switching module (3) to dynamically allocate the output ports of the charger (4) according to the parameters.

2. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection module includes an ultrasonic positioning detector, a temperature sensor, and a data communication circuit. The ultrasonic positioning detector is used to detect the battery's position status, the temperature sensor is used to detect the ambient temperature inside the chamber, and the data communication circuit is used to detect the battery voltage, capacity, and charging status.

3. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The switching module (3) adopts a relay switching circuit and is controlled by the main control module (1).

4. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The charger (4) has an output voltage range of 30-88V and a current range of 0-20A, and is compatible with ternary lithium and lithium iron phosphate batteries.

5. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module (1) has a built-in dynamic charging strategy algorithm, including a priority determination module, a power allocation module and a control signal output module.

6. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The priority determination module sorts the charging priorities based on battery SOC, capacity, and temperature parameters.

7. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power distribution module uses time-division multiplexing technology to allocate charging time to each compartment during dual-compartment charging.

8. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes reverse connection protection circuit and over-temperature protection circuit.

9. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module (1) communicates with the battery BMS via the CAN bus to obtain battery health status (SOH) information.

10. The charging control system for an intelligent battery swapping cabinet according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system supports OTA firmware upgrades and remote fault diagnosis.

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