Real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure of roadway under pipe-roof support structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a pipe roof support structure lower roadway ground compaction real -time monitoring early warning device relates to mine ground pressure monitoring technical field. Including support round subassembly, set up in stress meter outside, be used for with the contact of borehole inner wall to the pressure change of mine is transferred to stress meter, extension subassembly, set up in stress meter top, be used for adjusting the depth of stress meter in borehole, make it in the position of monitoring. The utility model under the cooperation of vertical groove of turbine column and hollow column inner wall, rotate turbine column, can drive the limiting column of stand column outer wall and move down along the vertical groove to the stress meter below stand column and drive synchronous downshift, to adjust the position of stress meter in borehole, under the action of push rod, drive the roof and move down, use first expansion link to drive the expansion of support plate in the process of moving down, can make support plate and borehole inner wall be pasted to the pressure change of mine is transferred to stress meter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mine ground pressure monitoring technology, specifically a real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures. Background Technology

[0002] Ground pressure Ground pressure refers to the forces existing within a rock mass. It includes the forces exerted by the original rock on the surrounding rock, the interaction forces between surrounding rocks, and the forces exerted by the surrounding rock on the support structure. The magnitude of ground pressure is related not only to the stress state, physical and mechanical properties, and structure of the rock mass, but also to factors such as the nature of the engineering project, the type of support, and the duration of support. Ground pressure can cause deformation, movement, and damage to the surrounding rock and the support structure, a phenomenon known as ground pressure.

[0003] In brittle rock masses, phenomena such as roof collapse and sidewall spalling may occur, while in plastic rock masses, phenomena such as roof subsidence, sidewall protrusion, and floor bulging may occur.

[0004] Existing methods for monitoring ground pressure in mines involve inserting a stress gauge into the bottom of a borehole using a telescopic rod to detect changes in mine pressure. These changes are then displayed on a stress gauge. Since the outer diameter of the stress gauge is smaller than the borehole diameter, it can be removed and reused after monitoring, saving costs while still providing early warning of rockbursts. However, the stress gauge cannot fully conform to the borehole wall, making it difficult to accurately and promptly reflect mine pressure. Therefore, this paper proposes a real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways supported by pipe roof structures. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures, comprising: a stress gauge,

[0007] The support assembly, located on the outside of the stress gauge, is used to contact the inner wall of the borehole and transmit pressure changes from the mine to the stress gauge;

[0008] An extension assembly, positioned above the stress gauge, is used to adjust the depth of the stress gauge within the borehole, ensuring it is in a suitable monitoring position.

[0009] The extension assembly includes a hollow column located above the stress gauge. The hollow column is filled with a turbine column, which in turn is filled with a vertical column. A limit post is provided on the vertical column, which passes through the turbine column and slides along the vertical groove on the inner wall of the hollow column.

[0010] Preferably, the hollow column is provided with a top ring at the top and a bottom ring at the bottom, and a knob is provided on the inner wall of the top ring.

[0011] Preferably, the supporting assembly includes a circular plate located at the bottom of the column, with several uprights on the outer wall of the circular plate, the uprights being connected by a support plate, and a push rod on the top of the support plate.

[0012] Preferably, the piston end of the push rod is connected to a top plate, the outer wall of the top plate is provided with a first telescopic rod, one end of the first telescopic rod is provided with a vertical plate, and the bottom of the vertical plate is provided with a support plate.

[0013] Preferably, the outer wall of the first telescopic rod is provided with an arc-shaped plate, and a second telescopic rod is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate, with the second telescopic rod located at the top of the ring.

[0014] Preferably, the ring is located on the outer wall of the upper and lower ends of the stress gauge, and several ear plates are provided on the outer wall of the ring. A connecting rod is provided between the ear plates by means of a round rod, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the support plate by means of the ear plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0016] The real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in the roadway under the pipe roof support structure works by rotating the turbine column and the vertical groove on the inner wall of the hollow column. This rotation drives the limiting column on the outer wall of the column to move downwards along the vertical groove, thereby causing the stress gauge below the column to move downwards synchronously. This adjusts the position of the stress gauge in the borehole, allowing it to monitor at a suitable location and improving monitoring accuracy. Under the action of the push rod, the roof plate moves downwards. During the downward movement, the first telescopic rod drives the support plate to expand, allowing the support plate to come into contact with the inner wall of the borehole. This transmits the changes in mine pressure to the stress gauge and then to the display instrument via a connecting line, enabling real-time monitoring and early warning operations. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the extension component of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the circular support component of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the circular support component of this utility model.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Stress gauge; 2. Extension assembly; 201. Knob; 202. Hollow column; 203. Top ring; 204. Bottom ring; 205. Limiting column; 206. Turbine column; 207. Vertical groove; 208. Column; 3. Support assembly; 301. Connecting rod; 302. Support plate; 303. Circular plate; 304. Vertical rod; 305. Support plate; 306. First telescopic rod; 307. Vertical plate; 308. Top plate; 309. Second telescopic rod; 310. Circular ring; 311. Ear plate; 312. Circular rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only for descriptive distinction and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. All electrical components mentioned in this document are electrically connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventionally known device such as a computer that provides control.

[0025] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "inner", "outer", "upper", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the utility model product is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0026] like Figures 1-5 As shown, this utility model provides a technical solution: a real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures, including a stress gauge 1. The stress gauge 1 is a special instrument used to measure the original stress state and its changes in underground rock mass. It mainly calculates stress by measuring the pressure change before and after stress relief using a rigid deformation gauge. A circular support component 3 is set outside the stress gauge 1 to contact the inner wall of the borehole and transmit the pressure change of the mine to the stress gauge 1. An extension component 2 is set above the stress gauge 1 to adjust the depth of the stress gauge 1 in the borehole so that it can monitor at a suitable position.

[0027] like Figures 1-5As shown in the embodiment of this application, the extension component 2 includes a hollow column 202, which is located above the stress gauge 1. The hollow column 202 is filled with a turbine column 206, and the turbine column 206 is filled with a column 208. A limiting post 205 is provided on the column 208. The limiting post 205 passes through the turbine column 206 and slides along the vertical groove 207 on the inner wall of the hollow column 202. Specifically, a positioning plate is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the hollow column 202. The positioning plate is located above the borehole and provides support for the hollow column 202, allowing it to be suspended inside the borehole. The positioning plate is fixedly connected to the ground using fixing piles. The positioning plate and the hollow column 202 are fixedly connected. The fixed piles are all existing technologies, so they will not be described in detail here. When the hollow column 202 is suspended in the borehole, the rotation of the turbine column 206 can drive the limiting column 205 on the outer wall of the column 208 to slide up and down along the vertical groove 207. The turbine column 206 is a column with a turbine groove, and the limiting column 205 is fixedly set near the top of the column 208. As the turbine column 206 rotates, it will drive the limiting column 205 to move along the turbine groove. Since the limiting column 205 is guided and restricted by the vertical groove 207, it will move upward and horizontally along the vertical groove 207, thereby adjusting the distance of the column 208 protruding from the hollow column 202, thereby adjusting the depth of the stress gauge 1 in the borehole.

[0028] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a top ring 203 is provided at the top of the hollow column 202, and a bottom ring 204 is provided at the bottom. A knob 201 is provided on the inner wall of the top ring 203. Specifically, the top ring 203 and the bottom ring 204 are fixedly provided at the top and bottom of the hollow column 202, respectively. Under the combined action of the top ring 203 and the bottom ring 204, the turbine column 206 is confined within the hollow column 202. The top ring 203 only covers half of the top of the turbine column 206, while the bottom ring 204 completely covers the turbine column 206. A knob 201 is fixedly provided at the top of the turbine column 206. The knob 201 is located on the inner wall of the top ring 203 and rotates relative to it. Rotating the knob 201 can drive the turbine column 206 to rotate.

[0029] like Figures 1-5As shown in the embodiment of this application, the supporting assembly 3 includes a circular plate 303, which is located at the bottom of the column 208. Several uprights 304 are provided on the outer wall of the circular plate 303. The uprights 304 are connected by a support plate 305. A push rod is provided on the top of the support plate 305. Specifically, the circular plate 303 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the column 208. When the column 208 moves down, the circular plate 303 moves down synchronously. The uprights 304 are fixedly provided on the outer wall of the circular plate 303. The bottom of the uprights 304 is fixedly connected to the ring 310 on the outer wall of the stress gauge 1. Therefore, during the downward movement of the circular plate 303, the stress gauge 1 can be moved down synchronously to adjust the depth of the stress gauge 1 in the borehole. The support plate 305 is fixedly connected to the column 208 and provides an installation environment for the push rod. The connection lines between the push rod and the stress gauge 1 pass through the central holes on the column 208 and the knob 201.

[0030] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the piston end of the push rod is connected to a top plate 308. A first telescopic rod 306 is provided on the outer wall of the top plate 308. A vertical plate 307 is provided at one end of the first telescopic rod 306. A support plate 302 is provided at the bottom of the vertical plate 307. An arc-shaped plate is provided on the outer wall of the first telescopic rod 306. A second telescopic rod 309 is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate. The second telescopic rod 309 is located at the top of the ring 310. Specifically, the piston end of the push rod is fixedly connected to the top plate 308, and the push rod is used to drive the top plate 308 to move. During the vertical translation of the top plate 308, the first telescopic rod 306 and the second telescopic rod 309 can be driven to move, so as to adapt to the height change caused by the movement of the top plate 308 and the change in the diameter of the circle formed by the support plate 302. The second telescopic rod 309 is used to support the first telescopic rod 306, while the first telescopic rod 306 is used to drive the support plate 302 to move vertically, so as to adjust the diameter of the circle formed by the support plate 302, so as to facilitate the contact between the support plate 302 and the inner wall of the borehole.

[0031] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the ring 310 is located on the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the stress gauge 1. Several ear plates 311 are provided on the outer wall of the ring 310. A connecting rod 301 is provided between the ear plates 311 by means of a round rod 312. The other end of the connecting rod 301 is connected to the support plate 302 by means of the ear plate 311. Specifically, when the first telescopic rod 306 drives the support plate 302 to move up and down by means of the upright plate 307, the connecting rod 301 between the inner wall of the support plate 302 and the ring 310 will swing to adapt to the height change of the support plate 302 relative to the stress gauge 1. The support plate 302 and the ring 310 are both fixedly connected to the ear plates 311. The connecting rod 301 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the ear plate 311 by means of the round rod 312. The ring 310 is fixed on the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the stress gauge 1.

[0032] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the embodiments of this application, in this device, the core function of the supporting circular component 3 is to accurately transmit the mining pressure borne by the inner wall of the borehole to the stress gauge 1. The force transmission between the supporting circular component 3 and the stress gauge 1 is achieved through a multi-stage rigid structure. The specific path is as follows: the supporting plate 302 is in direct contact with the inner wall of the borehole and bears the radial force generated by the mining pressure. The supporting plate 302 is connected to the connecting rod 301 through the ear plate 311. The other end of the connecting rod 301 is connected to the ring 310 on the stress gauge 1 through the ear plate 311. The two ends of the connecting rod 301 rotate around the circular rod 312 as the axis, which can adapt to the angle change when the supporting plate 302 expands. The ring 310 is rigidly connected to the stress gauge 1. The force transmitted by the connecting rod 301 is collected and directly applied to the sensing element of the stress gauge 1.

[0033] Multiple sets of support plates 302 are evenly arranged around the stress gauge 1 in the support assembly 3. Each set of support plates 302 is connected to the ring 310 by an independent connecting rod 301. The symmetrical structure ensures that the force in each direction is evenly collected to the stress gauge 1, avoiding force cancellation or superposition errors caused by force eccentricity. The radial force borne by the support plate 302 is decomposed into axial and radial components through the connecting rod 301. The radial component cancels each other out along the tangent of the ring 310, and the axial component is collected and acts perpendicularly to the stress gauge 1, which is consistent with the force sensing direction of the stress gauge 1.

[0034] like Figures 1-5 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the first telescopic rod 306 is the core driving component of the supporting ring assembly 3 in this device. Through its telescopic movement in conjunction with other structures, it realizes the opening, limiting, and retraction of the annular pressure assembly (composed of a support plate 302, a connecting rod 301, and a ring 310, etc.). The top of the first telescopic rod 306 is connected to the top plate 308, and its piston end is connected to the vertical plate 307. The top plate 308 is driven downward by the piston of the push rod. When the push rod is activated, the top plate 308 moves downward with the piston, causing the first telescopic rod 306 to move downward synchronously. During the downward movement of the first telescopic rod 306, the support plate 302 is connected to the ring 310 on the outside of the stress gauge 1 through the connecting rod 301. The 10-phase connection (the two ends of the connecting rod 301 are respectively hinged to the support plate 302 and the ear plate 311 of the ring 310) will push the vertical plate 307 and the support plate 302 to expand away from the center of the stress gauge 1 when the first telescopic rod 306 moves down and extends outward. At this time, the connecting rod 301 rotates around the round rod 312 of the ear plate 311 to adapt to the radial displacement of the support plate 302 and ensure that the support plate 302 always moves along the tangential direction of the borehole inner wall. The synchronously cooperating second telescopic rod 309 (located at the bottom of the arc plate and connected to the top of the ring 310) will adapt to the descent of the first telescopic rod 306, providing support for the first telescopic rod 306 and preventing it from deforming due to excessive force.

[0035] When the support plate 302 is fully in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, the reaction force of the borehole on the support plate 302 will limit the expansion of the first telescopic rod 306. At this time, the push rod stops moving, and the first telescopic rod 306 maintains its current length, realizing the opening limit of the annular pressure-bearing component and ensuring that the support plate 302 stably transmits the ground pressure.

[0036] When it is necessary to retract the device or adjust the monitoring position, the push rod drives the top plate 308 to move upward, causing the first telescopic rod 306 to retract upward. When the first telescopic rod 306 retracts upward, it pulls the support plate 302 towards the center of the stress gauge 1 through the upright plate 307. The connecting rod 301 rotates in the opposite direction around the round rod 312 of the ear plate 311 as the support plate 302 retracts, gradually folding and retracting. The second telescopic rod 309 retracts synchronously to adapt to the displacement change of the first telescopic rod 306 and ensure structural stability. Under the continuous retraction of the first telescopic rod 306, the support plate 302 will completely detach from the inner wall of the borehole and gradually retract to the outside of the stress gauge 1, making it easy for the entire device to be removed from the borehole or for the depth to be adjusted.

[0037] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0038] When using this device for ground pressure monitoring, firstly, drill a hole at a suitable location in the mine. After drilling, align the stress gauge 1 with the center of the borehole and lower it along the borehole axis. Secure the device using the positioning plate and fixing pile on the outer wall of the hollow column 202. Then, rotate the knob 201. As the knob 201 rotates, it will drive the turbine column 206 to rotate. During the rotation of the turbine column 206, it will drive the limiting column 205 to move downward along the vertical groove 207 on the inner wall of the hollow column 202. As the limiting column 205 moves downward, it will drive the circular plate 303 to move downward synchronously, thereby adjusting the position of the stress gauge 1 in the borehole. Once the position of the stress gauge 1 is confirmed... After setting, start the push rod. The push rod drives the top plate 308 to move down. During the downward movement of the top plate 308, the first telescopic rod 306 stretches outward to push the support plate 302 under the vertical plate 307 to expand. During the expansion of the support plate 302, the connecting rod 301 will swing. After the support plate 302 is in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, stop the push rod. The pressure of the mine will act on the support plate 302 and be transmitted to the stress gauge 1 in the ring 310 through the first telescopic rod 306. The stress gauge 1 transmits the pressure change through the connecting line, through the central hole on the column 208 and the knob 201, to the display instrument for real-time monitoring and early warning of the ground pressure in the mine.

[0039] The support assembly 3 uses the connecting rod 301 to transmit external pressure changes to the stress gauge 1. The specific path is as follows: the support plate 302 contacts the inner wall of the borehole to receive the radial pressure generated by the ground pressure change. The pressure is transmitted to the connecting rod 301 through the support plate 302, the connecting rod 301 is transmitted to the ring 310, and the ring 310 is transmitted to the outer wall of the stress gauge 1 to form a rigid transmission chain.

[0040] The surface of the support plate 302 is arc-shaped to increase the contact area with the hole wall and make the pressure distribution uniform. The two ends of the connecting rod 301 are connected to the support plate 302 and the ring 310 respectively by the cooperation of the round rod 312 and the ear plate 311 to ensure the efficiency of force transmission. The stress gauge 1 is fixedly fitted with the ring 310 at both ends to ensure no relative displacement in the radial direction. The ear plates 311 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the ring 310. The coaxiality error between the center hole of the ear plate 311 and the connecting rod 301 ensures the coaxiality of force transmission.

[0041] In summary, this utility model discloses a real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures, including a support assembly 3, which is set outside the stress gauge 1 to contact the inner wall of the borehole and transmit the pressure changes in the mine to the stress gauge 1, and an extension assembly 2, which is set above the stress gauge 1 to adjust the depth of the stress gauge 1 in the borehole so that it can monitor at a suitable position. In this invention, the turbine column 206 and the vertical groove 207 on the inner wall of the hollow column 202 work together to rotate the turbine column 206. This drives the limiting column 205 on the outer wall of the column 208 to move downward along the vertical groove 207, thereby causing the stress gauge 1 below the column 208 to move downward synchronously. This adjusts the position of the stress gauge 1 in the borehole, allowing it to monitor at a suitable position and improving monitoring accuracy. Under the action of the push rod, the top plate 308 moves downward. During the downward movement, the first telescopic rod 306 drives the support plate 302 to expand, allowing the support plate 302 to come into contact with the inner wall of the borehole. This transmits the changes in mine pressure to the stress gauge 1 and then to the display instrument via a connecting line, enabling real-time monitoring and early warning operations.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended embodiments and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures, including: Stress gauge, characterized in that: The support assembly, located on the outside of the stress gauge, is used to contact the inner wall of the borehole and transmit pressure changes from the mine to the stress gauge; An extension assembly, positioned above the stress gauge, is used to adjust the depth of the stress gauge within the borehole, ensuring it is in a suitable monitoring position. The extension assembly includes a hollow column located above the stress gauge. The hollow column is filled with a turbine column, which in turn is filled with a vertical column. A limit post is provided on the vertical column, which passes through the turbine column and slides along the vertical groove on the inner wall of the hollow column.

2. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow column has a top ring at the top and a bottom ring at the bottom, with a knob on the inner wall of the top ring.

3. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circular support assembly includes a circular plate located at the bottom of the column. Several uprights are provided on the outer wall of the circular plate, and the uprights are connected by a support plate. A push rod is provided on the top of the support plate.

4. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston end of the push rod is connected to a top plate, and a first telescopic rod is provided on the outer wall of the top plate. A vertical plate is provided at one end of the first telescopic rod, and a support plate is provided at the bottom of the vertical plate.

5. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the first telescopic rod is provided with an arc-shaped plate, and a second telescopic rod is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped plate. The second telescopic rod is located at the top of the ring.

6. The real-time monitoring and early warning device for ground pressure in roadways under pipe roof support structures according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ring is located on the outer wall of the upper and lower ends of the stress gauge. Several ear plates are provided on the outer wall of the ring. A connecting rod is provided between the ear plates by means of a round rod. The other end of the connecting rod is connected to the support plate by means of the ear plate.

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