Energy storage and power generation coupling system

Abstract

The utility model relates to new energy technical field provides a kind of energy storage power generation coupling system, carbon dioxide working substance is compressed to high temperature and high pressure state by energy storage unit into first heat exchanger and liquid metal heat exchange, the liquid metal after temperature rise enters into heat storage device, to transfer and store heat to heat storage particle. By adopting liquid metal as the heat exchange medium of first heat exchanger, effectively overcome the technical bottleneck that traditional water, heat-conducting oil or molten salt is low in thermal conductivity, is insufficient in thermal stability and is high in freezing point under high temperature working condition;Not only significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency between energy storage unit and heat storage device and the dynamic response capability of system, but also guarantee the reliable operation of system under high temperature working condition;At the same time, combined with the heat storage advantage of heat storage particle, the coupling system realizes the efficient capture, transmission and storage of carbon dioxide working substance compression heat, provides high-quality heat source for subsequent stable power generation, significantly improves the overall efficiency and energy utilization rate of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to an energy storage and power generation coupling system. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing severity of global energy shortages and environmental pollution, developing clean and renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and achieve low-carbon sustainable development has become a global consensus. However, the inherent intermittent and fluctuating characteristics of these energy sources pose significant challenges to large-scale grid connection and stable power supply. Against this backdrop, energy storage technology has emerged as a key solution, crucial for optimizing energy structure, promoting the application of new energy sources, ensuring energy security, and driving technological innovation. Among these, thermal storage is the core component of an energy storage system, and its efficiency directly affects the overall system performance. Currently, water, thermal oil, or molten salt are widely used as heat exchange media in thermal storage systems. However, under high-temperature conditions, these media generally face significant technical bottlenecks such as low thermal conductivity, insufficient thermal stability, and excessively high freezing points, severely restricting the system's heat exchange efficiency and dynamic response capabilities, which urgently require breakthroughs. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an energy storage and power generation coupling system.

[0004] This utility model provides an energy storage and power generation coupling system, comprising: an energy storage unit; a first heat exchanger, wherein liquid metal is stored in the first heat exchanger and the first heat exchanger is connected to the energy storage unit; and a heat storage device, wherein heat storage particles are filled in the heat storage device and the heat storage device is connected to the first heat exchanger.

[0005] According to the present invention, an energy storage and power generation coupling system is provided, wherein the first heat exchanger includes: a first heat exchange body; a first liquid heat exchange channel, wherein the first liquid heat exchange channel is disposed in the first heat exchange body, wherein liquid metal is stored in the first liquid heat exchange channel, and the first liquid heat exchange channel is connected to the heat storage device.

[0006] According to the energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model, the first heat exchanger further includes: a first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel, which is disposed in the first heat exchange body and connected to the energy storage unit.

[0007] According to the present invention, an energy storage and power generation coupling system is provided, wherein the heat storage device includes: a heat storage body; a heat storage bed, wherein the heat storage bed is disposed in the heat storage body and is filled with heat storage particles; and a first heat storage heat exchange tube, wherein the first heat storage heat exchange tube is arranged in the heat storage bed and is connected to the first liquid heat exchange channel.

[0008] According to the present invention, an energy storage and power generation coupling system further includes: a power generation unit; a second heat exchanger, wherein the second heat exchanger stores liquid metal and is connected between the power generation unit and the heat storage device.

[0009] According to the energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model, the heat storage device further includes: a second heat storage heat exchange tube, which is arranged in the heat storage bed.

[0010] The second heat exchanger includes: a second heat exchange body; and a second liquid heat exchange channel, wherein the second liquid heat exchange channel is disposed within the second heat exchange body and is connected to the second heat storage heat exchange tube.

[0011] According to the energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model, the second heat exchanger further includes: a second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel, the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel is disposed in the second heat exchange body, and the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel is connected to the power generation unit.

[0012] According to the present invention, an energy storage and power generation coupling system is provided, wherein the energy storage unit includes: a compressor, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel; an air cooler, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel; an energy storage expander, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the air cooler; and an energy storage evaporator, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the energy storage expander, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the compressor.

[0013] According to the present invention, an energy storage and power generation coupling system is provided, wherein the power generation unit includes: a power generation expander, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of a second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel; a condenser, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the power generation expander; a working fluid pump, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the condenser; and a power generation evaporator, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the working fluid pump, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel.

[0014] According to the energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model, the first heat storage heat exchange tube and the second heat storage heat exchange tube are both coiled tubes arranged in the heat storage bed.

[0015] The energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model includes an energy storage unit, a first heat exchanger, and a heat storage device. The first heat exchanger is connected between the energy storage unit and the heat storage device. The first heat exchanger stores liquid metal; that is, the heat exchange medium of the first heat exchanger is liquid metal. The heat storage device is filled with heat storage particles. Carbon dioxide working fluid is compressed to a high temperature and high pressure state through the energy storage unit and enters the first heat exchanger to exchange heat with the liquid metal. The heated liquid metal then enters the heat storage device to transfer and store heat in the heat storage particles.

[0016] By employing liquid metal as the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger, and leveraging its high thermal conductivity, wide liquid-range temperature range, and excellent thermal stability, this system effectively overcomes the technical bottlenecks of traditional water, heat transfer oil, or molten salt, which suffer from low thermal conductivity, insufficient thermal stability, and high freezing point under high-temperature conditions. This not only significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage unit and the thermal storage device and the system's dynamic response capability, but also ensures the reliable operation of the system under high-temperature conditions. Simultaneously, combined with the thermal storage advantages of the thermal storage particles, this coupled system achieves efficient capture, transfer, and storage of the compression heat of carbon dioxide working fluid, providing a high-quality heat source for subsequent stable power generation and significantly improving the overall efficiency and energy utilization rate of the energy storage and power generation coupled system. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a system schematic diagram of the energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger, and the heat storage device in the energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model.

[0020] Reference numerals: 100, First heat exchanger; 110, First heat exchange body; 120, First liquid heat exchange channel; 130, First carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel; 200, Heat storage device; 210, Heat storage body; 220, Heat storage bed; 230, First heat storage heat exchange tube; 240, Second heat storage heat exchange tube; 300, Second heat exchanger; 310, Second heat exchange body; 320, Second liquid heat exchange channel; 330, Second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel; 410, Compressor; 420, Gas cooler; 430, Energy storage expander; 440, Energy storage evaporator; 510, Power generation expander; 520, Condenser; 530, Working fluid pump; 540, Power generation evaporator. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this embodiment of the utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples, to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer. The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] The following is combined Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention describes an energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the following description is merely an illustrative embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any particular limitation on the present invention.

[0027] An embodiment of this utility model provides an energy storage and power generation coupling system, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes: an energy storage unit; a first heat exchanger 100, which stores liquid metal and is connected to the energy storage unit; and a heat storage device 200, which is filled with heat storage particles and is connected to the first heat exchanger 100.

[0028] The energy storage and power generation coupling system provided by this utility model includes an energy storage unit, a first heat exchanger 100, and a heat storage device 200. The first heat exchanger 100 is connected between the energy storage unit and the heat storage device 200. The first heat exchanger 100 stores liquid metal, that is, the heat exchange medium of the first heat exchanger 100 is liquid metal. The heat storage device 200 is filled with heat storage particles. Carbon dioxide working fluid is compressed to a high temperature and high pressure state through the energy storage unit and enters the first heat exchanger 100 to exchange heat with the liquid metal. The heated liquid metal enters the heat storage device 200 to transfer and store heat in the heat storage particles.

[0029] By employing liquid metal as the heat exchange medium in the first heat exchanger 100, its high thermal conductivity, wide liquid-range temperature range, and excellent thermal stability effectively overcome the technical bottlenecks of traditional water, heat transfer oil, or molten salt under high-temperature conditions, such as low thermal conductivity, insufficient thermal stability, and high freezing point. This not only significantly improves the heat exchange efficiency between the energy storage unit and the thermal storage device 200 and the dynamic response capability of the system, but also ensures the reliable operation of the system under high-temperature conditions. At the same time, combined with the thermal storage advantages of the thermal storage particles, this coupled system achieves efficient capture, transfer, and storage of the compression heat of carbon dioxide working fluid, providing a high-quality heat source for subsequent stable power generation, and significantly improving the overall efficiency and energy utilization rate of the energy storage power generation system.

[0030] Liquid metals include, but are not limited to, gallium-based alloys, bismuth-based alloys, sodium-potassium alloys, and lithium-based alloys.

[0031] Thermal storage particles include, but are not limited to, quartzite, magnetite, basalt, and steel balls.

[0032] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first heat exchanger 100 includes: a first heat exchange body 110; a first liquid heat exchange channel 120, which is disposed in the first heat exchange body 110 and stores liquid metal. The first liquid heat exchange channel 120 is connected to the heat storage device 200.

[0033] In another embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first heat exchanger 100 further includes a first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130, which is disposed within the first heat exchange body 110 and is connected to the energy storage unit.

[0034] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the heat storage device 200 includes: a heat storage body 210; a heat storage bed 220, which is disposed inside the heat storage body 210 and filled with heat storage particles; and a first heat storage heat exchange tube 230, which is arranged inside the heat storage bed 220 and is connected to a first liquid heat exchange channel 120.

[0035] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1As shown, the energy storage unit includes: a compressor 410, the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of a first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130; an air cooler 420, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130; an energy storage expander 430, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the air cooler 420; and an energy storage evaporator 440, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the energy storage expander 430, and the outlet of the energy storage evaporator 440 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 410.

[0036] In the specific energy storage process, carbon dioxide working fluid is compressed to a high-temperature, high-pressure state by compressor 410, and then enters the first heat exchanger body 110 through the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130, where it exchanges heat with the liquid metal in the first liquid heat exchange channel 120. After heat exchange, the carbon dioxide working fluid enters the air cooler 420 to exchange heat with air, cooling its temperature to room temperature before entering the energy storage expander 430 for expansion. The expanded carbon dioxide working fluid becomes a low-temperature, low-pressure state and then enters the energy storage evaporator 440 for evaporation and heat exchange. Finally, it returns to compressor 410 to complete one energy storage cycle. Multiple energy storage cycles are required during the energy storage process, continuously transferring heat to the liquid metal to achieve energy storage.

[0037] The thermal storage bed 220 of the thermal storage device 200 is filled with solid thermal storage particles with high thermal conductivity and high specific heat capacity. After the liquid metal absorbs heat from the carbon dioxide working fluid, it transfers the heat through the first thermal storage heat exchange tube 230 and stores it in the solid thermal storage particles in the thermal storage bed 220, thereby achieving safe and stable high-energy thermal storage.

[0038] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the energy storage and power generation coupling system also includes: a power generation unit; a second heat exchanger 300, which stores liquid metal and is connected between the power generation unit and the heat storage device 200.

[0039] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the thermal storage device 200 also includes a second thermal storage heat exchange tube 240, which is arranged inside the thermal storage bed 220.

[0040] The second heat exchanger 300 includes: a second heat exchange body 310; and a second liquid heat exchange channel 320, which is disposed within the second heat exchange body 310 and is connected to the second heat storage heat exchange tube 240.

[0041] Furthermore, in one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the second heat exchanger 300 further includes a second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330, which is disposed within the second heat exchange body 310 and is connected to the power generation unit.

[0042] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power generation unit includes: a power generator expander 510, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330; a condenser 520, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the power generator expander 510; a working fluid pump 530, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the condenser 520; and a power generator evaporator 540, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the working fluid pump 530, and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330.

[0043] In the specific power generation and energy release process, the liquid metal in the second liquid heat exchange channel 320 absorbs heat from the solid heat storage particles in the heat storage bed 220 and its temperature rises. It then exchanges heat with the carbon dioxide working fluid in the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330 in the second heat exchange body 310. After absorbing heat, the carbon dioxide working fluid enters the power generation expander 510 to output electricity. After being liquefied by reducing its temperature in the condenser 520, it is pressurized by the working fluid pump 530 and absorbs heat in the power generation evaporator 540 to initially raise its temperature. It then returns to the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330, thus completing one energy release cycle. Multiple energy release cycles need to be run during the energy release process until all the heat stored in the energy storage process is released.

[0044] In one embodiment of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, both the first heat storage heat exchange tube 230 and the second heat storage heat exchange tube 240 are coiled tubes arranged within the heat storage bed 220. This structural arrangement extends the heat exchange path between the liquid metal in the first and second heat storage heat exchange tubes 230 and the heat storage particles in the heat storage bed 220, thereby further improving the heat storage and heat exchange efficiency.

[0045] In one embodiment of this utility model, the first liquid heat exchange channel 120, the second liquid heat exchange channel 320, the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130, the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330, the first heat storage heat exchange tube 230, and the second heat storage heat exchange tube 240 are all corrosion-resistant channels. Alternatively, a ceramic coating can be provided on the inner walls of the first liquid heat exchange channel 120, the second liquid heat exchange channel 320, the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130, the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330, the first heat storage heat exchange tube 230, and the second heat storage heat exchange tube 240. Simultaneously, a heat insulation layer can be provided on all of the first liquid heat exchange channel 120, the second liquid heat exchange channel 320, the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 130, the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel 330, the first heat storage heat exchange tube 230, and the second heat storage heat exchange tube 240.

[0046] During the operation of the energy storage and power generation coupling system, the liquid metal thermal storage system can be coupled with the energy storage system according to the different operating temperature ranges of the output power demand. It can also be coupled with other new energy systems such as solar thermal systems, covering thermal storage requirements from 300℃ to 800℃, and can operate stably under normal pressure or high pressure environments.

[0047] As described above, this energy storage and power generation coupling system utilizes liquid metal as the heat exchange medium, combined with a heat storage device 200 filled with solid heat storage particles, significantly improving the system's heat storage density and heat exchange efficiency. The excellent thermal conductivity of liquid metal ensures rapid and uniform heat transfer, while the solid heat storage particles provide stable heat capacity, enabling the system to maintain efficient and stable operation during energy storage and release. Furthermore, the low freezing point and high boiling point of liquid metal allow the system to operate stably within a wide temperature range of 300℃ to 800℃, avoiding the solidification or decomposition problems of traditional molten salts or heat transfer oils at extreme temperatures. Moreover, the system can operate independently or be coupled with new energy sources such as solar thermal and wind power to meet the energy storage and power generation needs of different scenarios. In addition, the selection of corrosion-resistant materials and ceramic coating protection technology effectively solves the corrosion problem of liquid metal on pipelines, extending the service life of key components. Simultaneously, the system adopts a modular design, simplifying maintenance, ensuring high operational reliability, and significantly reducing the total life-cycle operating cost.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. An energy storage and power generation coupling system, characterized in that, include: Energy storage unit; A first heat exchanger (100) is provided, which stores liquid metal and is connected to an energy storage unit. A heat storage device (200) is filled with heat storage particles and is connected to the first heat exchanger (100).

2. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger (100) includes: First heat exchanger body (110); The first liquid heat exchange channel (120) is disposed inside the first heat exchange body (110), and liquid metal is stored inside the first liquid heat exchange channel (120). The first liquid heat exchange channel (120) is connected to the heat storage device (200).

3. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first heat exchanger (100) further includes: The first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel (130) is disposed inside the first heat exchange body (110) and is connected to the energy storage unit.

4. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The heat storage device (200) includes: Heat storage body (210); A thermal storage bed (220) is disposed inside the thermal storage body (210), and the thermal storage bed (220) is filled with thermal storage particles; The first heat storage heat exchange tube (230) is arranged in the heat storage bed (220) and is connected to the first liquid heat exchange channel (120).

5. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage and power generation coupling system also includes: Power generation unit; The second heat exchanger (300) stores liquid metal and is connected between the power generation unit and the heat storage device (200).

6. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat storage device (200) further includes: The second heat storage heat exchange tube (240) is arranged inside the heat storage bed (220); The second heat exchanger (300) includes: Second heat exchanger body (310); The second liquid heat exchange channel (320) is disposed inside the second heat exchange body (310) and is connected to the second heat storage heat exchange tube (240).

7. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second heat exchanger (300) also includes: The second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel (330) is disposed inside the second heat exchange body (310) and is connected to the power generation unit.

8. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The energy storage unit includes: The compressor (410) has its outlet connected to the inlet of the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel (130); An air cooler (420) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the first carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel (130). An energy storage expander (430) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the air cooler (420); An energy storage evaporator (440) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the energy storage expander (430), and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the compressor (410).

9. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power generation unit includes: A power generator expander (510) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel (330). A condenser (520) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the generator expander (510). A working fluid pump (530) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the condenser (520); A power generator evaporator (540) is provided, the inlet of which is connected to the outlet of the working fluid pump (530), and the outlet of which is connected to the inlet of the second carbon dioxide working fluid heat exchange channel (330).

10. The energy storage and power generation coupling system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, The first heat storage heat exchange tube (230) and the second heat storage heat exchange tube (240) are both coiled tubes arranged in the heat storage bed (220).

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