Cold briquetting drier
By optimizing the structural design of the cold briquette dryer and adopting components such as drying chambers and airlock hoppers, the problems of low efficiency, frequent malfunctions, and high energy consumption of existing dryers have been solved, achieving a high-efficiency, stable, and uniform cold briquette drying process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MCC CAPITAL ENGINEERING & RESEARCH INC LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing dryers are inefficient when drying cold-pressed briquettes, prone to equipment failure, require a large footprint, consume a lot of energy, and the materials are easily broken during the drying process.
A vertical cold-pressed briquette dryer was designed, which adopts a drying box and airlock hopper structure, combined with components such as a material distribution cone, efficiency ring, air distribution hopper and airlock hopper to optimize the flow path of materials and hot air, ensure that materials come into countercurrent contact with hot air, and avoid hot air short-circuiting and material breakage.
It improves drying efficiency, reduces material pulverization rate, increases finished product yield, reduces equipment failure rate, saves energy consumption, and achieves uniform drying of materials.
Smart Images
Figure CN224302650U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drying equipment technology, specifically a cold-pressed block dryer. Background Technology
[0002] Steel production processes generate large amounts of dust and sludge, which require further treatment or reuse. One method is to manufacture cold-pressed briquettes from the dust and sludge. Cold-pressed briquettes initially made from dust and sludge typically have a high moisture content and require improvement in strength. They need to be dried and cured to reduce the moisture content and increase their strength.
[0003] For drying cold-pressed briquettes, various types of dryers such as mesh belt kilns and tunnel kilns can be considered. Mesh belt kilns have many rotating mechanical parts, making the equipment prone to failure during the drying process, and the briquettes are easily broken when falling, affecting the yield. Tunnel kilns, on the other hand, have a large footprint, high energy consumption during the drying process, and low efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the low drying efficiency of existing dryers, this invention provides a cold-pressed briquette dryer. This dryer features a vertical structure, offering advantages such as simplicity, reliability, small footprint, low energy and media consumption, low material pulverization rate, and high drying efficiency. This cold-pressed briquette dryer is suitable for drying cold-pressed briquettes and boasts a high yield rate. It avoids hot air short-circuiting, fully utilizes the heat of the heating medium, ensures uniform material drying, and provides continuous and uniform material feeding and discharging, while preventing air and heat leakage at the inlet and outlet.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by this utility model embodiment to solve its technical problem is:
[0006] A cold-pressed briquette dryer includes a drying chamber and an airlock hopper, which are arranged one above the other. The upper part of the drying chamber is provided with a feed inlet and an air outlet, and the lower part of the drying chamber is provided with an air inlet. The material can enter the drying chamber and the airlock hopper sequentially from the feed inlet and then be discharged from the lower end of the airlock hopper. Hot air can enter the drying chamber from the air inlet and then be discharged from the air outlet.
[0007] The drying oven contains an outer box wall and an internal chamber. A material distribution cone is installed inside the drying oven. The material distribution cone is located at the top of the drying oven and is a cone-shaped structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down. The bottom of the material distribution cone is open. The material distribution cone contains a cylindrical wall and an inner cavity. The lower end of the material distribution cone forms a first annular material passage between itself and the outer box wall.
[0008] The air outlet is a horizontal tubular structure that passes through the outer casing wall and the cylindrical wall. One end of the air outlet is connected to the inner cavity, and the other end of the air outlet is located outside the outer casing wall.
[0009] The drying chamber is also equipped with an efficiency-enhancing ring. The material distribution cone and the efficiency-enhancing ring are arranged at intervals. The efficiency-enhancing ring contains an upper cone ring and a lower cone ring arranged at the top and bottom. The upper cone ring is a cone-shaped ring structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The bottom end of the upper cone ring is matched and connected to the outer chamber wall. The top end of the upper cone ring is matched and connected to the top end of the lower cone ring. The bottom end of the lower cone ring is matched and connected to the outer chamber wall. The inner diameter of the top end of the upper cone ring is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the bottom end of the cylinder wall.
[0010] The upper end of the airlock hopper is connected to a middle chute, which is an upright tubular structure. A partition is installed on the outer sleeve of the middle chute. The outer box wall contains a top wall and a side wall connected vertically. The partition is sealed to the middle chute and the side wall. The partition is located at the lower end or middle of the drying box.
[0011] The drying oven is also equipped with an air equalization hopper, which includes a first hopper wall and a receiving cavity. The air equalization hopper is a conical structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The first hopper wall is a louvered structure, which contains multiple first louver strips spaced apart in the vertical direction. Two adjacent first louver strips partially overlap in the vertical direction. The upper end of the first hopper wall is matched and connected to the side wall, and the lower end of the first hopper wall is matched and connected to the upper end of the middle chute. The first hopper wall, the partition, and the side wall form a hot air chamber.
[0012] The airlock contains a second bucket wall and a receiving space. The second bucket wall contains an upper bucket wall and a lower bucket wall arranged vertically. The upper bucket wall is a conical structure with the top facing up and the bottom facing down, and the lower bucket wall is a conical structure with the top facing down and the bottom facing up.
[0013] The upper end of the airlock hopper is connected to a middle chute and a collection hopper in sequence. The middle chute is an upright tubular structure, and the collection hopper is a conical structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The outer box wall contains a top wall and a side wall connected vertically. The bottom end of the collection hopper is sealed to the side wall. The collection hopper is located at the lower end or middle of the drying box.
[0014] The drying chamber is equipped with an air equalization cone, which is arranged above and below the material collection hopper. The air equalization cone has an outer wall and an inner cavity. The air equalization cone is a cone-shaped structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down. The bottom of the air equalization cone is open, and the outer wall is a louvered structure. The outer wall contains multiple second louvered strips arranged along the direction of the outer wall. Two adjacent second louvered strips partially overlap in the vertical direction. The lower end of the air equalization cone and the side wall form an annular second material passage.
[0015] The area between the material below the uniform air cone and the uniform air cone, as well as the inner cavity, are connected to form a hot air chamber. The air inlet is a horizontal tubular structure that passes through the side wall. One end of the air inlet is located inside the hot air chamber, and the other end is located on the side wall.
[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model embodiment are:
[0017] 1. The aforementioned cold-pressed block dryer is particularly suitable for drying cold-pressed blocks. The cold-pressed blocks flow continuously within the dryer, avoiding material breakage and pulverization caused by falling, thus resulting in a low pulverization rate and a correspondingly high finished product yield.
[0018] 2. The cold-pressed block dryer has a reasonable structure, fully considers the characteristics of material flow and airflow, has reasonable angle and guide design, ensures smooth material flow, has few rotating parts, is simple to operate and maintain, has a low failure rate, and has good stability.
[0019] 3. Overcomes the problems of short-flow hot air and low hot air utilization rate in traditional dryers. In the Type A cold briquette dryer, the inverted conical material surface formed under the distribution cone is parallel to the conical material surface of the equalizing hopper, resulting in a uniform material bed thickness. In the Type B cold briquette dryer, the naturally formed conical material surface at the top is parallel to the inverted conical material surface of the equalizing cone, also resulting in a uniform material bed thickness. This design ensures that the hot air flow is consistent, allowing it to pass evenly through the material layer, resulting in uniform material drying, consistent texture, and high hot air utilization. The material and hot air come into counter-current contact, further improving heat utilization. This structure avoids the problem caused by conventional feeding methods, where the upper and lower conical hoppers form a spindle-shaped material layer, with most of the hot air flowing away from the periphery, leaving the thick material layer in the middle undried.
[0020] 4. The presence of the enhancement ring in the Type A cold press dryer prevents cold air from adhering to the wall or short-circuiting, and guides the cold air into the cold air chamber to further homogenize the flow field of hot air and cold air.
[0021] 5. By incorporating an airlock hopper, the system serves both as a finished product storage silo and ensures continuous flow of cold-pressed blocks without the escape of hot air and dust. Continuous system operation and material drying prevent the cold-pressed blocks from pulverizing and breaking due to uneven material flow. Attached Figure Description
[0022] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.
[0023] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cold-pressed block dryer described in Embodiment 1 of this utility model.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a top view of the cold-pressed block dryer described in Embodiment 1.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing that two adjacent first louvers in Embodiment 1 partially overlap in the vertical direction.
[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the cold-pressed block dryer of this utility model in Embodiment 1.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the cold-pressed block dryer described in Embodiment 2 of this utility model.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a top view of the cold-pressed block dryer described in Embodiment 2.
[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing that two adjacent second louvers partially overlap in the vertical direction in Embodiment 2.
[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the cold-pressed block dryer of this utility model in Embodiment 2.
[0031] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:
[0032] 1. Feed inlet; 2. Discharge chute; 3. Air inlet; 4. Air outlet; 5. Distribution cone; 6. Drying chamber; 7. Air distribution hopper; 8. Intermediate chute; 9. Airlock hopper; 10. Discharge valve; 11. Discharge conveyor belt; 12. Baffle plate; 13. Collection hopper; 14. Air distribution cone; 15. Hot air chamber; 16. Cold air chamber; 17. Enhancement ring; 18. Material;
[0033] 501. Cylinder wall; 502. Internal cavity;
[0034] 601. Outer wall; 602. Internal compartment; 603. Top wall; 604. Side walls;
[0035] 701. First hopper wall; 702. Receiving cavity; 703. First louvered strip;
[0036] 901. Second hopper wall; 902. Accommodation space; 903. Upper hopper wall; 904. Lower hopper wall;
[0037] 1401. Outer wall; 1402. Contains the inner cavity; 1403. Second louver;
[0038] 1701, Upper conical ring; 1702, Lower conical ring. Detailed Implementation
[0039] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0040] For ease of understanding and description, the following description of this utility model uses absolute positional relationships. Unless otherwise specified, the directional word "above" indicates... Figure 1 The direction above, the directional word "down" indicates Figure 1 The lower side of the middle, the directional word "left" indicates Figure 1 The left side of the direction, the directional word "right" indicates Figure 1 The right-hand direction in the text, the directional word "front" indicates perpendicular to. Figure 1 The direction of the paper and the direction pointing inwards; the directional word "back" indicates perpendicular to. Figure 1 The direction of the orientation is towards the outside of the paper. This invention is described from the perspective of a reader or user, but the aforementioned directional terms should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention. Regarding the material, weight, size, angle, and parameters of the components, those skilled in the art can determine or replace them based on actual needs or a limited number of experiments.
[0041] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a cold-pressed block dryer includes a drying chamber 6 and an airlock hopper 9, which are arranged vertically. The upper part of the drying chamber 6 is provided with a feed inlet 1 and an air outlet 4, and the lower part of the drying chamber 6 is provided with an air inlet 3. The material 18 can enter the interior of the drying chamber 6 and the airlock hopper 9 sequentially from the feed inlet 1 and then be discharged from the lower end of the airlock hopper 9. Hot air can enter the drying chamber 6 from the air inlet 3 (to dry the material 18) and then be discharged from the air outlet 4.
[0042] Undried material 18 (wet cold-pressed briquettes) is fed into the feed inlet 1 at the top of the cold-pressed briquettes dryer. Inside the dryer, the material slowly flows vertically downwards due to gravity, making uniform contact with the counter-current hot air and being dried. Hot air enters through the air inlet 3, flows vertically upwards through the material, heating and curing it. The hot air gradually cools down into humid cold air and is discharged through the air outlet 4. The dried finished cold-pressed briquettes enter the airlock hopper 9. The special structure of the airlock hopper 9 ensures that the material is fully filled, while also serving as an airlock and material storage function. Finally, the cold-pressed briquettes are discharged from the discharge chute via the discharge valve and the discharge belt.
[0043] The drying oven 6 includes an outer box wall 601 and an internal chamber 602. The outer box wall 601 is a vertical cylindrical structure and includes a top wall 603 and a side wall 604 connected vertically. The internal chamber 602 and the air lock hopper 9 of the drying oven 6 are arranged vertically. The feed inlet 1 and the air outlet 4 are both located in the upper part of the internal chamber 602, and the air inlet 3 is located in the lower part of the internal chamber 602.
[0044] The cold-pressed block dryer can be implemented in two ways, including but not limited to. In both implementations, the cold-pressed block dryer includes a drying chamber 6, an air lock hopper 9, a feed inlet 1, an air outlet 4, and an air inlet 3. The two implementations are described in detail below.
[0045] Example 1
[0046] In this embodiment, as Figures 1 to 2As shown, the cold-pressed block dryer can be called a type A cold-pressed block dryer. The cold-pressed block dryer can utilize the lower end of the side wall 604 extending to the ground foundation, i.e., using the side wall 604 as a support structure under the silo, or it can adopt a column-supported, elevated support structure under the silo. A material distribution cone 5 is installed inside the internal chamber 602 of the drying box 6. The material distribution cone 5 is located at the upper part of the internal chamber 602 of the drying box 6. The material distribution cone 5 is a conical structure with its top facing upwards and its bottom facing downwards. The bottom of the material distribution cone 5 is open. The material distribution cone 5 contains a cylindrical wall 501 and an inner cavity 502. The lower end of the material distribution cone 5 forms a first annular material passage between itself and the outer box wall 601. The undried material 18 below the material distribution cone 5 and the area between the material distribution cone 5 and the inner cavity 502 connect to form a cold air chamber 16.
[0047] As one possible option, the air outlet 4 is a horizontal tubular structure that passes through the outer casing wall 601 (the side peripheral wall 604) and the cylindrical wall 501. One end of the air outlet 4 is connected to the inner cavity 502 (one end of the air outlet 4 can also be connected and fixed to the cylindrical wall 501), and the other end of the air outlet 4 is located outside the outer casing wall 601.
[0048] As an alternative, the internal chamber 602 of the drying oven 6 is also equipped with an enhancement ring 17. The material distribution cone 5 and the enhancement ring 17 are arranged vertically and horizontally. The enhancement ring 17 includes an upper cone ring 1701 and a lower cone ring 1702 arranged vertically. The upper cone ring 1701 is a cone-shaped ring structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The lower cone ring 1702 is a cone-shaped ring structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down. The upper end of the upper cone ring 1701 is matched and fixedly connected to the outer box wall 601. The lower end of the upper cone ring 1701 is matched and fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower cone ring 1702. The lower end of the lower cone ring 1702 is matched and fixedly connected to the outer box wall 601.
[0049] The technical effect of the enhancement ring 17 is that it can prevent the gas adhering to the wall from penetrating the material layer upward, generating condensate in the feeding area or overflowing from the feeding port; and it can guide the gas into the cold air chamber 16, which is conducive to making full use of the heat energy of the drying hot air.
[0050] Specifically, the lower inner diameter of the upper conical ring 1701 is less than or equal to the lower outer diameter of the cylinder wall 501, and the height of the upper conical ring 1701 is less than the height of the lower conical ring 1702. The taper of the upper conical ring 1701 and the lower conical ring 1702 can be designed according to the material properties. The distance between the distribution cone 5 and the efficiency ring 17 is 1 to 2 times the distance between the distribution cone 5 and the outer box wall 601.
[0051] As one possible option, such as Figures 1 to 2As shown, the upper end of the airlock hopper 9 is connected to a central chute 8, which is an upright tubular structure. A partition 12 is fitted over the central chute 8; the partition 12 is a horizontal annular plate structure with an inner and outer annular edge. The partition 12 is sealed and fixed to both the central chute 8 and the outer wall 601. The partition 12 is located at the lower end or middle of the drying chamber 6, forming the bottom wall of the drying chamber 6. The lower boundary of the internal chamber 602 of the drying chamber 6 is the partition 12. The feed inlet 1 is located on the top wall 603, or it may also be located on the upper part of the side wall 604.
[0052] When the lower end of the outer casing wall 601 extends to the ground foundation, the partition 12 is located in the middle of the side peripheral wall 604. When a column-supported, overhead support structure is used, the partition 12 is located at the lower end of the drying chamber 6, and the lower end of the side peripheral wall 604 is matched and fixed to the outer annular edge of the partition 12.
[0053] As an alternative, the internal chamber 602 of the drying oven 6 is also equipped with an air distribution hopper 7. The air distribution hopper 7 includes a first hopper wall 701 and a receiving cavity 702. The air distribution hopper 7 is a conical structure with its top facing down and its bottom facing up. The first hopper wall 701 is a louvered structure, containing multiple conical annular first louver strips 703 spaced vertically. Two adjacent first louver strips 703 partially overlap vertically. Figure 3 As shown, the cone angle of the first louver 703 is set according to the material properties. The distance between two adjacent first louver 703s needs to be less than the diameter of the material 18. The material 18 cannot pass through the gap between two adjacent first louver 703s, but hot air can pass through the gap between two adjacent first louver 703s. The upper end of the first hopper wall 701 is matched and fixedly connected to the side peripheral wall 604, and the lower end of the first hopper wall 701 is matched and fixedly connected to the upper end of the intermediate chute 8. The first hopper wall 701, the partition 12, and the side peripheral wall 604 form a hot air chamber 15. The material distribution cone 5, the efficiency ring 17, the air distribution hopper 7, the intermediate chute 8, and the airlock hopper 9 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom.
[0054] The airlock hopper 9 includes a second hopper wall 901 and a receiving space 902. The second hopper wall 901 includes an upper hopper wall 903 and a lower hopper wall 904 arranged vertically. The upper hopper wall 903 is a conical structure (either a cylindrical or square cone shape) with its top facing upwards and its bottom facing downwards. The lower hopper wall 904 is also a conical structure (either a cylindrical or square cone shape) with its top facing downwards and its bottom facing upwards. The upper and lower hopper walls 903 and 904 are symmetrical and mirror images of each other, and the lower end of the upper hopper wall 903 and the upper end of the lower hopper wall 904 are matched and connected. The airlock hopper 9 is fixedly connected to the under-storage support structure.
[0055] As one feasible option, the lower end of the airlock hopper 9 is connected to a discharge chute 2. The discharge chute 2 is an upright tubular structure, and a discharge valve 10 is installed on the discharge chute 2. A discharge belt 11 is installed below the discharge chute 2. The discharge valve 10 can be one of a slide gate valve, a bar valve, a jaw valve, or a vibrating feeder. Because the bottom of the cold-pressed block dryer needs to continuously discharge material, it is necessary to ensure that hot air does not leak from the normally open bottom, requiring a material seal. The airlock hopper 9 is designed to seal the bottom of the cold-pressed block dryer.
[0056] The following describes the specific working process of the cold briquette dryer (Type A cold briquette dryer).
[0057] A steel company cold-presses iron-containing sludge and dust collector ash into briquettes, resulting in briquettes with a moisture content of 8%–15% (i.e., undried material 18). For example... Figure 4 As shown, material 18 is conveyed to the top of the cold-pressed block dryer via a feeding device and enters the drying chamber 6 through the feed inlet 1. Under the action of the distribution cone 5 inside the chamber, the cold-pressed blocks slide evenly into the first material passage (circumferential seam) around the perimeter, forming a natural accumulation angle below the distribution cone 5. A cold air chamber 16 is formed between the distribution cone 5 and the accumulated material surface. The cold-pressed blocks move downwards under the action of gravity and enter the uniform air hopper 7, which serves both as a material collection point and a uniform air distribution point. Inside the drying chamber, the cold-pressed blocks come into countercurrent contact with the rising hot air, undergoing a preheating, curing, and gradual drying process to obtain the finished cold-pressed block product.
[0058] Hot air for drying is sent into the hot air chamber 15 through the air inlet 3. Solid material (material 18) in the air distribution hopper 7 above the hot air chamber 15 cannot pass through the louvers, but the hot air can pass through smoothly. Due to the air-locking effect of the air-locking hopper 9, the hot air can only pass through the air distribution hopper 7 and rise evenly, flowing through the cold compressed material layer in the drying chamber to complete heat exchange and cooling, and then flowing into the cold air chamber 16, and being discharged through the air outlet 4 into the subsequent dust removal system. The efficiency ring 17 can guide the nearby cold air into the cold air chamber 16.
[0059] The finished cold-pressed blocks flow into the airlock hopper 9 through the intermediate chute 8. Inside the airlock hopper 9, the material fills the entire hopper through the angle of repose. The airlock hopper 9 serves as a material storage unit and also acts as a material seal to prevent hot air and dust from escaping through the discharge chute 2. After being temporarily stored in the airlock hopper, the cold-pressed blocks are discharged through the discharge chute 2 and the discharge valve 10 into the discharge conveyor belt 11 below for external transport.
[0060] In the A-type cold briquette dryer, the inverted conical material surface formed under the material distribution cone 5 is parallel to the conical material surface of the uniform air hopper 7, and the material bed thickness is uniform. The presence of the efficiency ring 17 avoids cold air adhering to the wall or short flow, and introduces cold air into the cold air chamber to further homogenize the flow field of hot air and cold air.
[0061] Example 2
[0062] In this embodiment, as Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the cold-pressed block dryer can be called a Type B cold-pressed block dryer. The cold-pressed block dryer can utilize the lower end of the side wall 604 extending to the ground foundation, i.e., using the side wall 604 as a support structure under the silo, or it can adopt a column-supported, elevated support structure under the silo. The feed inlet 1 is located on the top wall 603, or the feed inlet 1 is also located on the upper part of the side wall 604. During operation, the feed inlet 1 extends at least 500mm into the upper end of the material 18. Inside the internal chamber 602 of the drying box 6, a cold air chamber 16 is formed between the upper surface of the material 18 and the top wall 603, and the air outlet 4 communicates with the cold air chamber 16.
[0063] The upper end of the airlock hopper 9 is sequentially connected to a central chute 8 and a collecting hopper 13. The central chute 8 is an upright tubular structure, and the collecting hopper 13 is a conical structure with its top facing down and its bottom facing up. The upper end of the collecting hopper 13 is sealed and fixed to the side wall 604, and the collecting hopper 13 is located at the lower end of the drying chamber 6. The collecting hopper 13 forms the bottom wall of the drying chamber 6, and the lower boundary of the internal chamber 602 of the drying chamber 6 is the collecting hopper 13.
[0064] When the lower end of the outer casing wall 601 extends to the ground foundation, the hopper 13 is located in the middle of the side wall 604. When a column-supported, overhead support structure is used, the hopper 13 is located at the lower end of the drying box 6, and the lower end of the side wall 604 is matched and fixedly connected to the upper end of the hopper 13.
[0065] The drying chamber 6 is equipped with an air distribution cone 14, which is arranged vertically with a material collection hopper 13. The air distribution cone 14, material collection hopper 13, intermediate chute 8, and airlock hopper 9 are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The air distribution cone 14 includes an outer wall 1401 and an inner cavity 1402. The air distribution cone 14 is a cone-shaped structure with its top facing upwards and its bottom facing downwards. The bottom of the air distribution cone 14 is open. The outer wall 1401 has a louvered structure and contains multiple conical annular second louvered strips 1403 arranged vertically. Two adjacent second louvered strips 1403 partially overlap vertically. Figure 7 As shown, the distance between two adjacent second louvers 1403 needs to be less than the diameter of the material 18. The material 18 cannot pass through the gap between two adjacent second louvers 1403, but hot air can pass through the gap between two adjacent second louvers 1403. The air distribution cone 14 is connected and fixed to the side wall 604 by a connecting rod. The lower end of the air distribution cone 14 and the side wall 604 form an annular second material passage.
[0066] like Figures 5 to 6As shown, the area between the dried material 18 below the uniform air cone 14 and the uniform air cone 14, as well as the inner cavity 1402, are connected to form a hot air chamber 15. The air inlet 3 is a horizontal tubular structure that passes through the side wall 604. One end of the air inlet 3 is located inside the hot air chamber 15, and the other end of the air inlet 3 is located outside the side wall 604.
[0067] The lower end of the airlock hopper 9 is connected to a discharge chute 2, which is a vertical tubular structure. A discharge valve 10 is installed on the discharge chute 2, and a discharge belt 11 is installed below the discharge chute 2.
[0068] The following describes the specific working process of the cold briquette dryer (Type B cold briquette dryer).
[0069] A foundry cold-presses sludge into blocks, resulting in blocks with a moisture content of 8%–12% (i.e., undried material 18). For example... Figure 8 As shown, material 18 is conveyed to the top of the cold-pressed block dryer via a feeding device and loaded into the drying chamber 6 through the feed inlet 1. Under gravity, material 18 moves downwards, forming a natural angle of repose. The material slowly descends within the drying chamber 6, reaching the uniform air cone 14, and flows downwards along the second material passage between the uniform air cone 14 and the side wall 604, forming a natural angle of repose within the collecting hopper 13. The enclosed space formed by the accumulated material surface and the uniform air cone 14 is the hot air chamber 15. The cold-pressed blocks come into counter-current contact with the rising hot air within the drying chamber 6, undergoing preheating, curing, and gradual drying processes to obtain the finished cold-pressed block product.
[0070] Hot air for drying is sent into the hot air chamber 15 through the air inlet 3. Solid materials cannot pass through the uniform air cone 14 set above the hot air chamber 15, but the hot air can pass through smoothly. Due to the air-locking effect of the air-locking hopper 9, the hot air can only pass through the uniform air cone 14 and rise evenly, flowing through the cold compressed material layer in the drying box to complete heat exchange and cooling, and then flowing into the cold air chamber 16 at the top, and being discharged through the air outlet 4 into the subsequent dust removal system.
[0071] The finished cold-pressed blocks flow into the airlock hopper 9 through the intermediate chute 8. Within the specially designed airlock hopper 9, the material fills the entire hopper through its natural angle of repose. This airlock hopper 9 serves both as a material storage unit and as a material seal, preventing hot air and dust from escaping through the discharge chute. After temporary storage in the airlock hopper, the cold-pressed blocks are discharged through the discharge chute 2 and discharge valve 10 into the lower discharge conveyor belt 11 for transport.
[0072] The naturally formed conical material surface at the top of the Type B cold-pressed briquette dryer is parallel to the inverted conical material surface of the uniform air distribution cone 14, resulting in a uniform material bed thickness. This design ensures that hot air passes evenly through the material layer, resulting in consistent material drying, uniform texture, and high hot air utilization. This structure avoids the spindle-shaped material layer formed by the upper and lower cones caused by conventional feeding methods, where most of the hot air flows away from the periphery, and the thick material layer in the middle is not effectively dried.
[0073] The remaining technical features in this embodiment are the same as those in Embodiment 1. To save space, they will not be described in detail in this embodiment.
[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of its implementation. Therefore, any substitution of equivalent components or equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of protection of this utility model should still fall within its coverage. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions, and embodiments of this utility model can be freely combined and used.
Claims
1. A cold-pressed block dryer, characterized in that, The cold-pressed block dryer includes a drying box (6) and an airlock hopper (9). The drying box (6) and the airlock hopper (9) are arranged vertically. The upper part of the drying box (6) is provided with a feed inlet (1) and an air outlet (4). The lower part of the drying box (6) is provided with an air inlet (3). The material (18) can enter the drying box (6) and the airlock hopper (9) sequentially from the feed inlet (1) and then be discharged from the lower end of the airlock hopper (9). Hot air can enter the drying box (6) from the air inlet (3) and then be discharged from the air outlet (4).
2. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drying box (6) contains an outer box wall (601) and an inner chamber (602). A material distribution cone (5) is provided inside the drying box (6). The material distribution cone (5) is located at the top of the drying box (6). The material distribution cone (5) is a conical cap-shaped structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down. The bottom of the material distribution cone (5) is open. The material distribution cone (5) contains a cylindrical wall (501) and an inner cavity (502). The lower end of the material distribution cone (5) and the outer box wall (601) form an annular first material passage.
3. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The air outlet (4) is a horizontal tubular structure. The air outlet (4) passes through the outer box wall (601) and the cylinder wall (501). One end of the air outlet (4) is connected to the inner cavity (502), and the other end of the air outlet (4) is located outside the outer box wall (601).
4. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drying oven (6) is also equipped with an enhancement ring (17). The material distribution cone (5) and the enhancement ring (17) are arranged at intervals. The enhancement ring (17) contains an upper cone ring (1701) and a lower cone ring (1702) arranged at the top and bottom. The upper cone ring (1701) is a cone-shaped ring structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The lower cone ring (1702) is a cone-shaped ring structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down. The bottom end of the upper cone ring (1701) is matched and connected to the outer box wall (601). The top end of the upper cone ring (1701) is matched and connected to the top end of the lower cone ring (1702). The bottom end of the lower cone ring (1702) is matched and connected to the outer box wall (601). The inner diameter of the top end of the upper cone ring (1701) is less than or equal to the outer diameter of the bottom end of the cylinder wall (501).
5. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end of the airlock hopper (9) is connected to a middle chute (8), which is an upright tubular structure. The middle chute (8) is covered with a partition (12). The outer box wall (601) contains a top wall (603) and a side wall (604) connected vertically. The partition (12) is sealed to the middle chute (8) and the side wall (604). The partition (12) is located at the lower end or middle of the drying box (6).
6. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drying oven (6) is also equipped with a uniform air hopper (7). The uniform air hopper (7) contains a first hopper wall (701) and a receiving cavity (702). The uniform air hopper (7) is a conical structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The first hopper wall (701) is a louvered structure. The first hopper wall (701) contains multiple first louvered strips (703) spaced apart in the vertical direction. Two adjacent first louvered strips (703) partially overlap in the vertical direction. The upper end of the first hopper wall (701) is matched and connected to the side wall (604). The lower end of the first hopper wall (701) is matched and connected to the upper end of the middle chute (8). The first hopper wall (701), the partition (12) and the side wall (604) form a hot air chamber (15).
7. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airlock hopper (9) contains a second hopper wall (901) and a receiving space (902). The second hopper wall (901) contains an upper hopper wall (903) and a lower hopper wall (904) arranged vertically. The upper hopper wall (903) is a conical structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down, and the lower hopper wall (904) is a conical structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up.
8. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the airlock hopper (9) is connected to the middle chute (8) and the collection hopper (13). The middle chute (8) is an upright tubular structure, and the collection hopper (13) is a conical structure with the top end facing down and the bottom end facing up. The outer box wall (601) contains a top wall (603) and a side wall (604) connected vertically. The bottom end of the collection hopper (13) is sealed to the side wall (604). The collection hopper (13) is located at the lower end or middle of the drying box (6).
9. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 8, characterized in that, The drying box (6) is equipped with a uniform air cone (14), and the uniform air cone (14) and the collection hopper (13) are arranged vertically. The uniform air cone (14) contains an outer wall (1401) and an inner cavity (1402). The uniform air cone (14) is a cone-shaped structure with the top end facing up and the bottom end facing down. The bottom of the uniform air cone (14) is open. The outer wall (1401) is a louvered structure. The outer wall (1401) contains multiple second louvered strips (1403) arranged along the direction of the outer wall. Two adjacent second louvered strips (1403) partially overlap in the vertical direction. The lower end of the uniform air cone (14) and the side wall (604) form an annular second material passage.
10. The cold-pressed block dryer according to claim 9, characterized in that, The material (18) below the uniform air cone (14) and the area between the uniform air cone (14) and the inner cavity (1402) are connected to form a hot air chamber (15). The air inlet (3) is a horizontal tubular structure. The air inlet (3) passes through the side wall (604). One end of the air inlet (3) is located inside the hot air chamber (15), and the other end of the air inlet (3) is located outside the side wall (604).