An undersea carbon sequestration analog detection device incorporating a fiber optic sensor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of seabed carbon sequestration simulation detection devices combined with optical fiber sensor, including simulation box, gas delivery cover and controller, simulation box is provided with silt deposition model, detection optical fiber and propeller water sprayer, deposition model is fixedly installed in the inner end face bottom of simulation box, detection optical fiber is evenly distributed in silt deposition model, propeller water sprayer is evenly installed in simulation box, gas delivery cover includes flow guide cover and carbon dioxide cylinder, the inside of flow guide cover is hollow structure, through connection gas pipe is provided between flow guide cover and carbon dioxide cylinder, gas delivery cover is installed in the top of simulation box, controller is fixedly installed in the outside of simulation box. The utility model solves the low monitoring precision of traditional seabed carbon sequestration simulation detection device, poor system integration and difficult to restore deep sea environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of carbon dioxide capture and storage technology, and in particular to a seabed carbon storage simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, the global climate change problem has become increasingly severe. As one of the major greenhouse gases, carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted widespread attention as an important emission reduction measure, and carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) technology has become a solution with large-scale potential. Deep-sea carbon dioxide storage technology, which injects captured CO2 into the deep seabed and uses high pressure and low temperature conditions to store it in liquid or supercritical fluid form for a long time, has become a solution with large-scale potential.

[0003] However, existing deep-sea carbon sequestration monitoring technologies still face many challenges and shortcomings. Although 4D seismic technology can track CO2 distribution by analyzing sedimentary changes over time, it is difficult to accurately identify minute diffusions or local anomalies due to limitations in resolution and the influence of complex geological environments. At the same time, high costs and complex operating procedures limit its application scope. Although deploying multiple sensors at key nodes can monitor physicochemical parameters in real time, the continuity and reliability of the monitoring system are affected by factors such as equipment durability issues, limited coverage, and difficulties in data transmission in the extreme environment of the deep sea. Although numerical models can predict CO2 behavior through theoretical calculations, the accuracy of the prediction results is challenged due to uncertainties in model parameters, high dependence on the quality of actual observation data, and high computational resource requirements.

[0004] Accurately simulating the deep-sea environment and monitoring the migration, diffusion, and interaction of CO2 with sediment layers in real time during seabed carbon sequestration is a key challenge in current research. Traditional laboratory simulation devices typically suffer from the following shortcomings: Existing technologies often employ point-based sensor arrays to monitor parameters such as temperature, pressure, and strain. This discrete arrangement makes it difficult to achieve continuous and dynamic monitoring of the entire sequestration area, easily leading to the omission of crucial information and insufficient data integrity. The deep-sea environment is characterized by high pressure, low temperature, and complex fluid dynamics, making it difficult for traditional experimental devices to simultaneously simulate multiple environmental factors. In particular, they lack the ability to accurately reproduce water flow states, temperature gradients, and CO2 diffusion paths, thus affecting the accuracy of experimental results. Most devices are structurally dispersed, with independent control systems and a lack of a unified data acquisition and feedback mechanism, increasing both the difficulty of equipment management and maintenance costs. Furthermore, due to the highly corrosive nature of the deep-sea environment, traditional electronic sensors are susceptible to corrosion, have short lifespans, and require frequent replacements, limiting their application in long-term experiments. Therefore, a seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device incorporating fiber optic sensors is needed to address these issues. Utility Model Content

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is that traditional seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection devices have low monitoring accuracy, poor system integration, and difficulty in truly reproducing the deep-sea environment.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors, including a simulation box, a gas supply cover and a controller. The simulation box is equipped with a sedimentation model, a detection fiber optic cable and a propeller water jet. The sedimentation model is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner end face of the simulation box. The detection fiber optic cable is evenly distributed in the sedimentation model. The propeller water jet is evenly installed in the simulation box. The gas supply cover includes a flow guide cover and a carbon dioxide gas cylinder.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, the flow guide cover has a hollow internal structure, a through-connecting gas supply pipe is provided between the flow guide cover and the carbon dioxide cylinder, the gas supply cover is installed on the top of the simulation box, and the controller is fixedly installed on the outside of the simulation box.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, the simulation box is made of stainless steel, and the side wall of the simulation box is provided with a protective layer and a cooling layer, with the cooling layer located inside the protective layer.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, wherein: the bottom of the front end face of the simulation box is provided with a refrigerant inlet communicating with the cooling layer, the top of the front end face of the simulation box is provided with a refrigerant outlet communicating with the cooling layer, and the protective layer is filled with polyurethane foam.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, the simulation box is provided with a support frame on its inner end face, and the support frame is provided with mounting holes evenly on its side end face, and the propeller water jet is fixedly installed in the mounting holes.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, wherein: a guide plate is rotatably connected on the support frame, a rotating shaft is provided on the front and rear sides of the guide plate, and a motor is provided on the support frame to drive the rotating shaft.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, wherein: temperature and pressure integrated sensors are uniformly arranged on the side end face and the upper end face of the gas supply cover of the simulation box.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, wherein: carbon dioxide nozzles are uniformly arranged on the lower end face of the flow guide cover, and a carbon dioxide sensor is arranged at the bottom of the flow guide cover.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, wherein: a pressure stabilizing valve is provided on the upper end face of the flow guide cover and is connected to its lower end face.

[0015] By using a pressure regulating valve to release pressure, the experiment can be prevented from going out of control due to sudden pressure changes in the simulation chamber, thus improving the safety of the equipment.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors described in this utility model, a pressure regulating valve is provided on the gas transmission pipe.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0018] 1. This invention replaces traditional distributed sensor arrays with a continuously distributed fiber optic sensor network built into a stainless steel device, solving the problems of complex equipment and high installation and maintenance costs in existing technologies. The optical fibers are arranged longitudinally and laterally along the sedimentary layer, and combined with optical signal transmission technology, it achieves continuous monitoring of temperature, strain, and chemical parameters across the entire domain, avoiding the limitations of limited coverage and data transmission delays inherent in seabed sensor networks. Simultaneously, the optical fibers eliminate the need for additional complex hardware, and their corrosion resistance reduces equipment wear and tear in the deep-sea environment, significantly lowering long-term maintenance costs. This structural design not only simplifies system complexity but also captures microscopic details of carbon dioxide migration and reaction at high spatial resolution, providing a cost-effective simulation platform for studying deep-sea carbon sequestration behavior.

[0019] 2. This invention overcomes the challenge of simulating complex deep-sea environments using traditional technologies by integrating a fluid dynamics simulation system, an intelligent temperature control module, and a carbon dioxide injection system. The propeller-driven water jet, combined with an adjustable guide vane, supports multi-mode flow simulation, including laminar and turbulent flow, accurately reproducing seabed fluid dynamics. The water-cooled circulation system and polyurethane protective layer work together to stably maintain a low-temperature, high-pressure environment, solving the problem of insufficient response to temperature and pressure coupling effects in traditional earthquake monitoring technologies. Furthermore, the design of the carbon dioxide nozzle and pressure stabilizing valve ensures the stability of gas injection and the authenticity of the diffusion path. Combined with a multi-sensor real-time feedback mechanism, it achieves dynamic control of multiple parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate during carbon sequestration. This multi-dimensional environmental simulation capability provides highly realistic experimental conditions for studying the interaction between carbon dioxide and seabed sediments.

[0020] 3. The distributed fiber optic sensor and the integrated temperature and pressure sensor of this utility model form a three-dimensional monitoring network. Through optical time domain reflectance (OTDR) and Brillouin scattering technology, it can capture data on microscopic deformation, gas diffusion and chemical reaction of sediment layer in real time, effectively making up for the defects of poor timeliness and insufficient representativeness of traditional fluid sampling and analysis. The corrosion resistance of the stainless steel box and the optical anti-electromagnetic interference characteristics of the optical fiber ensure the long-term stable operation of the device in extreme environments. This technical system not only improves the continuity and accuracy of experimental data, but also provides reliable technical support for evaluating the long-term safety and stability of deep-sea carbon sequestration. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the simulation box structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gas delivery cover structure of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the working relationship between the guide plate and the motor of this utility model.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Simulation box; 101. Protective layer; 102. Cooling layer; 103. Support frame; 104. Propeller water jet; 105. Detection fiber optic cable; 106. Integrated temperature and pressure sensor; 107. Refrigerant inlet; 108. Refrigerant outlet; 109. Guide plate; 110. Rotating shaft; 111. Motor; 112. Sedimentation model; 113. Mounting hole; 2. Gas supply cover; 201. Guide cover; 202. Carbon dioxide cylinder; 203. Gas supply pipe; 204. Pressure regulating valve; 205. Pressure stabilizing valve; 206. Carbon dioxide nozzle; 207. Carbon dioxide sensor; 3. Controller; 301. Communication interface. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] Reference Figures 1-5This embodiment provides a seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors, including a simulation box 1, a gas supply cover 2, and a controller 3. The simulation box 1 is equipped with a sediment deposition model 112, a detection fiber optic cable 105, and a propeller water jet 104. The sediment deposition model is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner end face of the simulation box 1. The detection fiber optic cable 105 is evenly distributed in the sediment deposition model 112. The propeller water jet 104 is evenly installed in the simulation box 1. The gas supply cover 2 includes a flow guide cover 201 and a carbon dioxide cylinder 202. The flow guide cover 201 has a hollow structure inside. A through gas supply pipe 203 is provided between the flow guide cover 201 and the carbon dioxide cylinder 202. The gas supply cover 2 is installed on the top of the simulation box 1. The controller 3 is fixedly installed on the outside of the simulation box 1. A waterproof communication interface 301 for connecting with internal equipment is provided on the back of the controller 3.

[0030] The sediment deposition model 112 consists of fine particles with a specific particle size, such as 10-50 micrometers. After pretreatment, these particles are placed in a frame within the cavity. Multiple layers or different layer thicknesses can be set to simulate different deep-sea sedimentary environments. The sediment can be hardened and shaped using resin curing or physical molding techniques, allowing the sediment to form a stable deposition layer in the simulation experiment. This facilitates the observation of the interaction between carbon sequestration materials and sediment. Distributed optical fibers are laid layer by layer in the sediment inside the stainless steel device. The optical fibers are arranged longitudinally and laterally along different regions to obtain spatial resolution and monitor changes in parameters such as temperature, strain, and stress. The optical fibers are led out through a dedicated sealed interface and connected to on-site optical measuring instruments or computer systems, supporting technologies such as optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) and distributed temperature sensing (e.g., Brillouin scattering) for continuous monitoring.

[0031] Furthermore, the simulation chamber 1 is made of stainless steel, and the side wall of the simulation chamber 1 is provided with a protective layer 101 and a cooling layer 102, with the cooling layer 102 located inside the protective layer 101.

[0032] The stainless steel simulation chamber 1 can effectively resist salt corrosion and other corrosive factors in seawater, ensuring long-term durability. The device has a built-in water-cooled liquid circulation system in the interlayer. By adjusting the temperature of the coolant, it can accurately simulate the temperature changes of different deep-sea environments and control the overall temperature of the device, thereby observing the performance of the carbon sequestration system at different temperatures.

[0033] Furthermore, the front end of the simulation chamber 1 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 107 that communicates with the cooling layer 102 at the bottom, and a refrigerant outlet 108 that communicates with the cooling layer 102 at the top of the front end of the simulation chamber 1. The protective layer 101 is filled with polyurethane foam.

[0034] Refrigerant is continuously introduced into the cooling layer 102 through the refrigerant inlet 107 and flows out through the refrigerant outlet 108, thereby continuously cooling the environment inside the simulation chamber 1. The height of the refrigerant inlet 107 is lower than the height of the refrigerant outlet 108 to ensure that the refrigerant fills the cooling layer 102 and avoids the presence of cavities that may affect the uniformity of cooling. The polyurethane foam filling the protective layer 101 has a heat insulation effect, reduces the absorption of external heat by the refrigerant, and also has a certain impact resistance, effectively protecting the internal equipment.

[0035] Furthermore, a support frame 103 is provided on the inner end face of the simulation box 1, and mounting holes 113 are evenly provided on the side end face of the support frame 103, and the propeller water jet 104 is fixedly installed in the mounting holes 113.

[0036] Multiple sets of evenly arranged propeller water jets 104 can spray water from the outside of the support frame 103 to the inside, supporting various flow states such as microflow, laminar flow, and turbulent flow, simulating the water flow environment in the deep sea.

[0037] Furthermore, a guide plate 109 is rotatably connected on the support frame 103, and a rotating shaft 110 is provided on the front and rear sides of the guide plate 109. A motor 111 is provided on the support frame 103 to drive the rotating shaft 110.

[0038] The motor 111 drives the rotating shaft 110 to rotate, which in turn drives the guide plate 109 to rotate. The guide plate 109 changes the direction of water flow, thereby realizing local changes in flow direction and velocity, simulating the spatial changes of deep-sea currents, and providing a realistic environment for carbon gas diffusion.

[0039] Furthermore, integrated temperature and pressure sensors 106 are evenly arranged on the side end face of the simulation box 1 and the upper end face of the gas supply cover 2.

[0040] Multiple high-precision sensors are evenly arranged to monitor internal temperature and pressure changes in real time, providing basic parameters for data analysis and enabling rapid detection of environmental anomalies.

[0041] Furthermore, carbon dioxide nozzles 206 are evenly arranged on the lower end face of the flow guide cover 201, and a carbon dioxide sensor 207 is arranged at the bottom of the flow guide cover 201.

[0042] The flow guide cover 201 is equipped with carbon dioxide nozzles 206 at different heights. The carbon dioxide cylinder 202 supplies gas to the flow guide cover 201 through the gas supply pipe 203. The carbon dioxide gas is blown to the water surface through the carbon dioxide nozzles 206 to simulate the diffusion process and path of carbon gas in the deep sea. A carbon dioxide sensor 207 is set in the injection area to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in real time.

[0043] Furthermore, a pressure regulating valve 205 is provided on the upper end face of the flow guide cover 201 and is connected to its lower end face.

[0044] The pressure is released by the pressure regulating valve 205 to prevent sudden pressure changes in the simulation chamber 1 from causing experimental loss of control, thus improving the safety of the equipment.

[0045] Furthermore, a pressure regulating valve 204 is installed on the gas pipeline 203.

[0046] This ensures that carbon dioxide from carbon dioxide cylinder 202 is injected stably and controllably into simulation chamber 1, thereby improving the experimental accuracy and stability of the equipment.

[0047] When using this device, fine-grained sediment with a specific particle size is pretreated and then, according to the requirements of different deep-sea sedimentation environments, it is laid in multiple layers or layers of different thicknesses in the frame inside the simulation chamber 1 through resin curing or physical molding technology to form a stable sediment layer. At the same time, the detection optical fiber 105 is evenly distributed in the sediment layer along different regions in the longitudinal and transverse directions, and is led out through a special sealed interface to connect to the on-site optical measuring instrument or computer system. The device is monitored using optical time-domain reflectometry and distributed temperature sensing technology. Next, the gas supply cover 2 is installed on the top of the simulation chamber 1. The carbon dioxide cylinder 202 is connected to the guide cover 201 through the gas supply pipe 203, ensuring that carbon dioxide can be supplied into the simulation chamber 1 through the nozzle on the lower end face of the guide cover 201. Then, refrigerant is introduced into the cooling layer 102 on the side wall of the simulation chamber 1 through the refrigerant inlet 107. The refrigerant flows out through the refrigerant outlet 108. The temperature of the coolant is regulated by the water-cooled liquid circulation system. Combined with the polyurethane foam in the protective layer 101, different deep-sea environmental temperatures are accurately simulated and the overall temperature of the device is controlled. The propeller water jet 104 is fixedly installed on the mounting hole 113 of the support frame 103 inside the simulation chamber 1. The motor 111 drives the rotating shaft 110 of the guide plate 109 on the support frame 103 to rotate, changing the direction of water flow. This, together with the propeller water jet 104, achieves micro-flow and laminar flow. The experiment simulates deep-sea currents by employing various flow states, including turbulence. Carbon dioxide cylinder 202 is opened, and pressure regulating valve 204 on gas delivery pipe 203 controls the stable injection of carbon dioxide into the guide cover 201. The carbon dioxide is then sprayed onto the water surface inside simulation chamber 1 via carbon dioxide nozzle 206, simulating the diffusion of carbon gas in the deep sea. Simultaneously, carbon dioxide sensor 207 at the bottom of guide cover 201 monitors the carbon dioxide concentration in real time. Temperature and pressure integrated sensors 106, evenly distributed on the side face of simulation chamber 1 and the upper face of gas delivery cover 2, monitor internal temperature and pressure changes in real time. If the pressure inside simulation chamber 1 is abnormal, pressure is released through pressure stabilizing valve 205 on the upper face of guide cover 201. Throughout the experiment, controller 3 controls each component and collects and analyzes data, thus completing the simulation and detection experiment of seabed carbon sequestration.

Claims

1. A seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors, characterized in that: The system includes a simulation chamber (1), a gas supply cover (2), and a controller (3). The simulation chamber (1) contains a sediment deposition model (112), a detection fiber (105), and a propeller water jet (104). The sediment deposition model is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner end face of the simulation chamber (1). The detection fiber (105) is evenly distributed in the sediment deposition model (112). The propeller water jet (104) is evenly installed in the simulation chamber (1). The gas supply cover (2) includes a flow guide cover (201) and a carbon dioxide cylinder (202).

2. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inside of the flow guide cover (201) is hollow. A gas delivery pipe (203) is provided between the flow guide cover (201) and the carbon dioxide cylinder (202). The gas delivery cover (2) is installed on the top of the simulation box (1). The controller (3) is fixedly installed on the outside of the simulation box (1).

3. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The simulation chamber (1) is made of stainless steel. The side wall of the simulation chamber (1) is provided with a protective layer (101) and a cooling layer (102). The cooling layer (102) is located inside the protective layer (101).

4. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The simulation chamber (1) has a refrigerant inlet (107) at the bottom of its front end face that communicates with the cooling layer (102), and a refrigerant outlet (108) at the top of its front end face that communicates with the cooling layer (102). The protective layer (101) is filled with polyurethane foam.

5. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner end face of the simulation box (1) is provided with a support frame (103), and the side end face of the support frame (103) is uniformly provided with mounting holes (113), and the propeller water sprayer (104) is fixedly installed in the mounting holes (113).

6. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The support frame (103) is provided with a rotatably connected guide plate (109), and the front and rear sides of the guide plate (109) are provided with a rotating shaft (110). The support frame (103) is provided with a motor (111) for driving the rotating shaft (110).

7. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 6, characterized in that: Temperature and pressure integrated sensors (106) are evenly arranged on the side end face of the simulation box (1) and the upper end face of the gas supply cover (2).

8. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end face of the flow guide cover (201) is uniformly provided with carbon dioxide nozzles (206), and the bottom of the flow guide cover (201) is provided with a carbon dioxide sensor (207).

9. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The upper end face of the flow guide cover (201) is provided with a pressure regulating valve (205) that is connected to its lower end face.

10. The seabed carbon sequestration simulation and detection device combined with fiber optic sensors as described in claim 9, characterized in that: A pressure regulating valve (204) is installed on the gas pipeline (203).

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