Three-dimensional visual model of large-inclination well with multiple sets of poor continuity oil layers
By constructing a three-dimensional visual model of an oil layer simulation layer and a fracture simulation sheet made of transparent gel, the problem of abstract display of the effect of highly deviated wells in multiple sets of poorly continuous oil layers is solved, achieving the effect of intuitive teaching and scheme formulation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SHAANXI YANCHANG PETROLEUM GRP
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, when developing low-permeability horizontally fractured reservoirs with multiple poorly continuous oil layers in highly deviated wells, the demonstration effect is abstract, making it difficult to understand their three-dimensional development function and affecting the teaching effect.
A three-dimensional visual model of a highly deviated well with multiple sets of poorly continuous oil layers is provided. The model uses oil layer simulation layers and fracture simulation sheets made of transparent gel, combined with highly deviated well simulation, to show the contact between the well trajectory and the horizontal fracture. The three-dimensional model is constructed through transparent boxes and separator layers.
It provides an intuitive display of the trajectory and vertical position of highly deviated wells in the formation, offering a good teaching model to help technicians develop efficient production plans.
Smart Images
Figure CN224304289U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of teaching mold technology, specifically to a three-dimensional visual model of a well with multiple sets of differentially continuous oil layers and high deviation. Background Technology
[0002] High-angle wells are a type of well that falls between vertical wells and horizontal wells. Vertically, they are oblique to the target oil layer, and they combine the advantages of vertical wells (which encounter multiple oil layers) and horizontal wells (which allow for segmented, close-cut fracturing). Especially in thin oil layers with poor continuity and in interbedded sandstone and mudstone formations, high-angle wells can increase the wellbore length within the reservoir, expand the drainage area, and improve oil recovery.
[0003] Therefore, highly deviated wells have been rapidly adopted for the efficient development of low-permeability horizontally fractured reservoirs. However, current literature shows that the descriptions of the applicable conditions for highly deviated wells are rather abstract, and the diagrams used to illustrate their three-dimensional development are all two-dimensional. This makes it difficult to understand the function of highly deviated wells in developing low-permeability horizontally fractured reservoirs with multiple poorly continuous oil layers, improving reserve utilization, and increasing single-well production. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention provides a three-dimensional visual model of a highly deviated well with multiple sets of discontinuous oil-bearing formations. This model can intuitively and vividly demonstrate the trajectory of the highly deviated well through the formation and its contact with horizontal fractures. It also allows observation of the longitudinal position of the highly deviated well section within the formation with multiple sets of discontinuous oil-bearing formations. This model can provide an excellent teaching tool for technicians researching and developing ultra-low permeability reservoirs.
[0005] This utility model provides a three-dimensional visual model of a high-angle well with multiple sets of differentially continuous oil layers, including several high-angle simulated wells and oil layer group simulated layers. The oil layer group simulated layers are stacked from top to bottom, and the number of oil layer group simulated layers is the same as the number of high-angle simulated wells. A surface loess layer simulated layer is set above the top oil layer simulated layer, and a simulated well frame is set on the surface loess layer simulated layer.
[0006] A highly deviated simulated well is set up to traverse each oil-bearing group simulated layer;
[0007] The oil layer group simulation layer includes three oil layer simulation layers that are stacked sequentially from top to bottom: the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer.
[0008] Crack simulation plates are set in the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer;
[0009] One end of the highly deviated simulated well emerges from the loess layer on the ground and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the highly deviated simulated well extends vertically downward to the simulated oil layer of the oil layer group it is in, enters from the upper simulated oil layer in the simulated oil layer group, passes through the middle simulated oil layer, and exits from the lower simulated oil layer. Moreover, the highly deviated simulated wells all penetrate the fracture simulated plates in the simulated oil layers they pass through.
[0010] Preferably, the fracture simulation piece located in the upper oil layer simulation layer is located on the side of the upper oil layer simulation layer closer to the simulated derrick;
[0011] The fracture simulation piece located in the lower oil layer simulation layer is situated on the side of the lower oil layer simulation layer away from the simulated derrick.
[0012] The fracture simulation piece located in the middle oil layer simulation layer is located between the fracture simulation pieces in the upper oil layer simulation layer and the fracture simulation pieces in the lower oil layer simulation layer.
[0013] Preferably, the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer are all made of transparent gel, and each of the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer has a section of oil layer simulation layer made of colored transparent gel, and the crack simulation sheet is located in the oil layer simulation layer section made of colored transparent gel.
[0014] Preferably, the high-angle simulated wells are arranged along the Y-axis in the surface loess layer simulation layer, and the high-angle simulated wells are arranged along the X-axis in each oil layer group simulation layer.
[0015] Preferably, three high-angle simulated wells are provided.
[0016] Preferably, it also includes a transparent box, and the oil layer group simulation layers are all filled and disposed in the transparent box.
[0017] Preferably, a separator layer is provided between adjacent simulated oil layer groups.
[0018] Preferably, the separator layer is made of colorless and transparent gel.
[0019] This utility model has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has a good display effect. It solves the problem that existing teaching models cannot directly observe the movement of highly deviated wells through the formation. It can intuitively and vividly show the trajectory of highly deviated wells through the formation and their contact with horizontal fractures. It can observe the vertical position of highly deviated well sections in formations with multiple poorly continuous oil layers. It can provide a very good teaching model for technicians who are researching and developing ultra-low permeability reservoirs, and can help technicians to formulate high-quality and efficient production plans for highly deviated wells. Attached Figure Description
[0020] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
[0021] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of the arrangement of the wellheads of three highly inclined simulated wells.
[0022] Figure labels: 1-Simulated oil layer group, 2-Simulated high-angle well, 3-Simulated surface loess layer, 4-Simulated derrick, 5-Upper oil layer simulation layer, 6-Middle oil layer simulation layer, 7-Lower oil layer simulation layer, 8-Fractured simulated plate. Detailed Implementation
[0023] The present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0024] See appendix Figure 1 This utility model provides a three-dimensional visual model of a high-angle well with multiple sets of differentially continuous oil layers, including several high-angle simulated wells 2 and oil layer group simulated layers 1. The oil layer group simulated layers 1 are stacked from top to bottom, and the number of oil layer group simulated layers 1 is the same as the number of high-angle simulated wells 2. Above the topmost oil layer simulated layer, a surface loess layer simulated layer 3 is set, and a simulated derrick 4 is set on the surface loess layer simulated layer 3.
[0025] A highly deviated simulated well 2 is set up and traverses each oil layer group in simulated layer 1;
[0026] The oil layer group simulation layer 1 includes three oil layer simulation layers that are stacked from top to bottom: the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7.
[0027] Crack simulation plates 8 are provided in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7.
[0028] One end of the highly deviated simulated well 2 emerges from the loess layer on the ground and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the highly deviated simulated well 2 extends vertically downward to the simulated oil layer 1 of the oil layer group, enters from the upper oil layer simulated layer 5 in the simulated oil layer group 1, passes through the middle oil layer simulated layer 6, and emerges from the lower oil layer simulated layer 7. The highly deviated simulated well 2 penetrates the fracture simulated piece 8 in the simulated oil layer it passes through.
[0029] In one embodiment, the fracture simulation piece 8 located in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5 is located on the side of the upper oil layer simulation layer 5 near the simulation derrick 4.
[0030] The fracture simulation piece 8, located in the lower oil layer simulation layer 7, is located on the side of the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 away from the simulation derrick 4;
[0031] The fracture simulation piece 8 located in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer 6 is located between the fracture simulation piece 8 in the upper oil layer simulation layer 5 and the fracture simulation piece 8 in the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 in the intermediate oil layer simulation layer 6.
[0032] The upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 are all made of transparent gel. Each of the upper oil layer simulation layer 5, the middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 has a section of oil layer simulation layer made of colored transparent gel. The crack simulation sheet 8 is located in the oil layer simulation layer section made of colored transparent gel.
[0033] In one embodiment, the highly deflected simulated wells 2 are arranged along the Y-axis in the surface loess layer 3, and are also arranged along the X-axis in each oil layer group simulated layer 1. Three highly deflected simulated wells 2 are configured. In use, the highly deflected simulated wells 2 are made of copper or iron wire with sufficient hardness to ensure that after installation, the simulated derrick 4 and the surface loess layer 3, supported by the three highly deflected simulated wells 2, will not tilt. Other measures can also be taken to ensure the strength of the invention, such as placing it inside a box and fixing it in place.
[0034] In one embodiment, a transparent box is also included, and the oil layer group simulation layers 1 are all filled and disposed in the transparent box.
[0035] A separator layer is filled between adjacent simulated oil layer groups 1. The separator layer is made of colorless and transparent gel.
[0036] Model making process:
[0037] Step 1: Make a transparent box with a length of 40cm, a width of 20cm, and a height of 37cm using transparent plastic sheets;
[0038] Step 2: Use purple copper wire to make the first high-angle simulated well 2, denoted as high-angle well A. The wellhead radius of high-angle well A is set to 0.5cm, the length of the vertical section is 20cm, the length of the high-angle section is 30cm, and the vertical height is 9cm.
[0039] Step 3: Use red copper wire to make a second high-angle simulated well 2, denoted as high-angle well B. The wellhead radius of high-angle well B is set to 0.5cm, the length of the vertical section is 34cm, the length of the high-angle section is 30cm, and the vertical height is 9cm.
[0040] Step 4: Construct a third high-angle simulated well 2 using blue copper wire, denoted as high-angle well C. The wellhead radius of high-angle well C is set to 0.5cm, the length of the vertical section is 48cm, the length of the high-angle section is 30cm, and the vertical height is 9cm.
[0041] Step 5: Use a sky blue eraser to cut an oval-shaped disc with a major axis radius of 4cm, a minor axis radius of 3cm, and a thickness of 0.5cm. Prepare 9 such colored eraser discs. These eraser discs are mold crack simulation discs 8.
[0042] Step 6: Pass the high-angle simulated well 2C through the middle of the sheet rubber, and insert a sheet rubber at a vertical height of 27cm, 23.75cm and 21.25cm from the top of the high-angle simulated well 2, so that the sheet rubber is distributed in the high-angle section of the high-angle simulated well 2 and located at the position of the corresponding oil layer simulation layer.
[0043] The sheet rubber was fixed to the steeply inclined simulated well 2B using the same method. The vertical distances of the sheet rubber from the top of the steeply inclined simulated well 2B were 41cm, 37.75cm, and 35.25cm, respectively.
[0044] The sheet rubber was fixed to the steeply inclined simulated well 2A using the same method. The vertical distances of the sheet rubber from the top of the steeply inclined simulated well 2A were 55cm, 51.75cm, and 49.25cm, respectively.
[0045] Step 7: Use a light yellow eraser to make a simulated loess layer 3, 2cm thick, with a 10*10cm cuboid on the top and bottom surfaces. Drill a hole A with a radius of 0.5cm and a depth of 1cm, 3cm from the edge on the center line of the bottom surface of the cuboid. Then drill a second hole B with a radius of 0.5cm and a depth of 1cm, 0.5cm apart. Repeat this process to drill a total of 3 holes, and label them as hole A, hole B, and hole C respectively.
[0046] Step 8: Fix the top of the high-angle simulation well 2, i.e., the high-angle well A, into the hole corresponding to the name of the ground loess layer simulation layer 3. The direction of the high-angle well section is east-west.
[0047] Step 9: Measure 9cm from the bottom of the transparent plastic box upwards to form the first oil layer simulation layer 1. The first oil layer simulation layer 1 is divided into three layers: upper oil layer simulation layer 5, middle oil layer simulation layer 6, and lower oil layer simulation layer 7. Pour different colored transparent gels from bottom to top. Use a 20*4cm transparent plastic sheet to divide the transparent plastic box into two parts, left and right. The left side is 12cm long and filled with 4cm thick colorless transparent gel, while the right side is 28cm long and filled with 4cm thick pink transparent gel to form the lower oil layer simulation layer 7.
[0048] After the lower oil layer simulation layer 7 gel solidifies, the transparent plastic box is divided into three parts (left, middle, and right) by two 20*2.5cm transparent plastic sheets. The left side is 9cm long and filled with 2.5cm thick colorless transparent gel, the middle side is 17cm long and filled with 2.5cm thick orange transparent gel, and the right side is 14cm long and filled with 2.5cm thick colorless transparent gel to form the middle oil layer simulation layer 6.
[0049] After the gel of the middle oil layer simulation layer 6 solidifies, the transparent plastic box is divided into two parts, left and right, by a 20*2.5cm transparent plastic sheet. The left side is 15cm long and filled with 2.5cm thick pink transparent gel, and the right side is 25cm long and filled with 2.5cm thick colorless transparent gel to form the upper oil layer simulation layer 5.
[0050] Step 10: After all the transparent gels in the first oil layer group simulated layer 1 have solidified, inject a 5cm thick layer of colorless transparent gel into the transparent plastic box as a separator layer.
[0051] Step 11: Fix the second highly deviated simulated well 2, i.e., highly deviated well B, according to the method in step 8. After the colorless transparent gel in step 10 solidifies, form the second oil layer group simulated layer 1 according to the method in step 9, and then repeat step 10.
[0052] Step 12: Fix the third high-angle simulated well 2, i.e., high-angle well A, according to the method in step 8, and form the third oil formation group simulated layer 1 according to the method in step 9.
[0053] Step 13: Use red copper wire to form a well frame shape and fix it at the center point of the top surface of simulated layer 3 of the loess layer on the ground.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional visual model of highly deviated wells with multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing formations, comprising several simulated highly deviated wells and simulated oil-bearing formation groups, characterized in that, The simulated oil layer groups are arranged in an overlapping manner from top to bottom, and the number of simulated oil layer groups is the same as the number of simulated high-angle wells. A simulated surface loess layer is set above the topmost simulated oil layer, and a simulated well frame is set on the simulated surface loess layer. A highly deviated simulated well is set up to traverse each oil-bearing group simulated layer; The oil layer group simulation layer includes three oil layer simulation layers that are stacked sequentially from top to bottom: the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer. Crack simulation plates are set in the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer and the lower oil layer simulation layer; One end of the highly deviated simulated well emerges from the loess layer on the ground and is located at the bottom of the derrick. The other end of the highly deviated simulated well extends vertically downward to the simulated layer of the oil layer group it is in, enters from the upper simulated layer of the oil layer group, passes through the middle simulated layer of the oil layer group, and exits from the lower simulated layer of the oil layer group. The highly deviated simulated wells all penetrate the fracture simulated plates in the simulated layers of the oil layers they pass through.
2. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fracture simulation piece located in the upper oil layer simulation layer is situated on the side of the simulated derrick within the upper oil layer simulation layer; The fracture simulation piece located in the lower oil layer simulation layer is situated on the side of the lower oil layer simulation layer away from the simulated derrick. The fracture simulation piece located in the middle oil layer simulation layer is located between the fracture simulation pieces in the upper oil layer simulation layer and the fracture simulation pieces in the lower oil layer simulation layer.
3. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer are all made of transparent gel. Each of the upper oil layer simulation layer, the middle oil layer simulation layer, and the lower oil layer simulation layer has a section of oil layer simulation layer made of colored transparent gel. The crack simulation sheet is located in the oil layer simulation layer section made of colored transparent gel.
4. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The high-angle simulated wells are arranged along the Y-axis in the surface loess layer simulation layer, and the high-angle simulated wells are set up along the X-axis in each oil layer group simulation layer.
5. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The high-angle simulated wells are set to three.
6. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a transparent box, and the simulated oil layer group is filled and disposed inside the transparent box.
7. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Separating layers are filled between the simulated layers of adjacent oil layers.
8. The three-dimensional visual model for developing multiple sets of differentially continuous oil-bearing, highly deviated wells as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The separating layer is made of colorless and transparent gel.