A high-efficiency dry denitration multi-stage filtering device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of flue gas purification, in particular to a high-efficiency dry denitration multistage filtering device which comprises a main frame, a denitration module, a multistage filtering module and an auxiliary regulation and control module. The denitration module decomposes nitrogen oxides through a gas distributor and a catalytic unit, the multistage filtering module removes particulate matters layer by layer, and the auxiliary regulation and control module monitors the running state in real time. The catalytic unit adopts a honeycomb-shaped catalyst block, which is convenient to replace; and the heat exchange assembly is provided with finned heat exchange pipes, so that the efficiency is improved. The device realizes efficient denitration, stable operation and convenient maintenance through optimized structural design, and meets the modern industrial environmental protection demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of environmental protection and industrial waste gas treatment technology, specifically a multi-stage filtration device with high efficiency dry denitrification. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of industrial flue gas purification, the importance of dry denitrification and multi-stage filtration technologies is becoming increasingly prominent. At present, a variety of denitrification and filtration devices have appeared on the market. Although these devices can remove harmful substances in flue gas to a certain extent, they still have certain limitations in terms of processing efficiency, system integration and operational stability.

[0003] For example, the Chinese invention patent (patent number: CN117861431B) discloses a "multi-stage filtration device for a desulfurization and denitrification chimney," which, according to its description, includes a first filtration mechanism and a second filtration mechanism. The first filtration mechanism is equipped with a liquid filtration unit and a catalytic unit to achieve denitrification, while the second filtration mechanism is used for desulfurization, thus forming a split-type desulfurization and denitrification structure. However, this device uses a liquid filtration unit, which falls under the category of wet denitrification, inconsistent with the concept of dry denitrification. Furthermore, the introduction of liquid media increases the complexity and operating cost of the system, and also presents problems such as equipment corrosion and wastewater treatment, which are not conducive to long-term stable operation.

[0004] Furthermore, the Chinese invention patent (patent number: CN116272228B) discloses a "dust removal device for dry desulfurization and denitrification of coal-fired power plants." Its specification states that desulfurization and denitrification of flue gas are achieved through multi-stage filtration layers, combined with spray humidification to collect particulate matter and prevent secondary dust generation. While this device has certain advantages in dust removal and particulate matter control, it does not clearly explain the specific implementation path of dry denitrification, lacks technical details supporting efficient removal of nitrogen oxides, and has a relatively complex overall structure, making maintenance difficult. Therefore, it is unlikely to meet the modern industrial demand for efficient, low-energy-consumption, and easy-to-maintain environmental protection equipment.

[0005] Therefore, we have made improvements to this and proposed a multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing dry denitrification and multi-stage filtration devices in terms of processing efficiency, system integration, and operational stability, and to provide a highly efficient dry denitrification multi-stage filtration device. This device reduces equipment complexity, improves denitrification efficiency, and achieves long-term stable operation through optimized structural design and functional zoning.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives and address the aforementioned problems, this utility model provides a high-efficiency dry denitrification multi-stage filtration device, comprising a main frame, a denitrification module, a multi-stage filtration module, and an auxiliary control module. The main frame serves as the supporting structure for the entire device, and its interior contains multiple mounting areas for securing each functional module. The denitrification module and the multi-stage filtration module are arranged in series and connected via a flow guide channel to form a flue gas treatment path. The auxiliary control module is located on one side of the main frame and is used for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the entire device's operating status.

[0008] The denitrification module includes a catalytic unit, a gas distributor, and a heat exchange assembly. The catalytic unit is located at the rear end of the gas distributor, and the two are fixedly connected by a positioning bracket. The heat exchange assembly is located at the top of the catalytic unit, with its inlet connected to the gas distributor and its outlet connected to the inlet of the multi-stage filtration module. The front end of the gas distributor has a flow divider plate with several evenly distributed guide holes to evenly disperse the incoming flue gas onto the front surface of the catalytic unit. The catalytic unit consists of multiple honeycomb catalyst blocks, each of which is fixed to the positioning bracket by a snap-fit ​​structure for easy disassembly and replacement.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the multi-stage filtration module includes a primary filtration layer, a secondary filtration layer, and a terminal adsorption layer, which are arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction. The primary filtration layer is made of metal fiber mesh, and its edges are fixed to the inner wall of the main frame by bolts; the secondary filtration layer is composed of multiple layers of ceramic filter elements, with each layer of ceramic filter element separated by elastic gaskets to reduce the impact of vibration on the filtration effect; the terminal adsorption layer is filled with activated carbon particles, and its exterior is wrapped with a highly breathable protective cover to prevent particulate matter from leaking out.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the auxiliary control module includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a control panel. The pressure sensor is located at the front end of the primary filter layer and is used to monitor the pressure change when the flue gas enters. The temperature sensor is located at the outlet of the heat exchange component and is used to detect the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange. The control panel is installed on the outside of the main frame and has a data processing unit inside it for receiving and analyzing the data collected by the sensor, and then adjusting the operating parameters of the device.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the inner wall of the flow channel is provided with a high-temperature resistant coating to enhance its corrosion resistance; the two ends of the flow channel are respectively connected to the denitrification module and the multi-stage filtration module through flanges, and the flanges are provided with sealing rings to ensure the airtightness of the connection.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the bottom of the main frame is provided with a slide rail, on which a movable dust collection box is installed for collecting particulate matter separated from the primary filter layer and the secondary filter layer; the top of the dust collection box is provided with an opening, and a filter screen is provided at the opening to prevent large particles from falling directly into the box.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the rear end of the catalytic unit is provided with a cleaning nozzle, which is connected to an external water source through a pipe for periodically rinsing the surface of the catalyst block; the spray angle of the cleaning nozzle is adjustable, and its adjustment range is 0° to 45° to adapt to the cleaning needs of different catalyst blocks.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the heat exchange assembly is provided with a plurality of parallel heat exchange tubes inside, and the two ends of the heat exchange tubes are respectively connected to the air inlet and the air outlet; the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes is provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area and improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of this application, the surface of the control panel is provided with a touch screen, which displays the current operating status and various parameters of the device. Users can manually adjust the operating mode through the touch screen. The control panel is also provided with a wireless communication module for uploading operating data to a cloud server for remote monitoring.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] This invention forms a highly integrated flue gas purification system by incorporating a denitrification module, a multi-stage filtration module, and an auxiliary control module. The gas distributor and catalytic unit in the denitrification module work synergistically to effectively decompose nitrogen oxides in the flue gas; the multi-stage filtration module gradually removes particulate matter and harmful substances from the flue gas through a progressive filtration process; and the auxiliary control module ensures the device operates at its optimal state by real-time monitoring of parameters such as pressure and temperature. Furthermore, the various modules are tightly connected via flanges and flow channels, ensuring both system sealing and ease of disassembly and maintenance.

[0018] This invention, through optimized structural design, such as the use of honeycomb catalyst blocks in the catalytic unit and their fixing via a snap-fit ​​structure, not only improves denitrification efficiency but also reduces maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the finned design on the outer wall of the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchange assembly further enhances heat exchange efficiency and reduces energy consumption. These improvements make this invention superior to existing technologies in terms of processing efficiency, system integration, and operational stability, meeting the demands of modern industry for efficient, low-energy-consumption, easy-to-maintain, and environmentally friendly equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Fig. 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0020] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the denitrification module;

[0021] Fig. 3 This is a partial schematic diagram of a multi-stage filtering module;

[0022] Fig. 4 This is a layout diagram of the auxiliary control module.

[0023] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0024] 1. Main frame; 2. Denitrification module; 3. Multi-stage filtration module; 4. Auxiliary control module; 5. Catalytic unit; 6. Gas distributor; 7. Heat exchange assembly; 8. Diverter plate; 9. Flow guide channel; 10. Primary filter layer; 11. Secondary filter layer; 12. Terminal adsorption layer; 13. Pressure sensor; 14. Temperature sensor; 15. Control panel; 16. Dust collection box; 17. Cleaning nozzle; 18. Heat exchange tube; 19. Flange; 20. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] This utility model provides a multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification, the specific implementation of which is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figs. 1 to 4 As indicated by the attached diagram, the main frame 1 serves as the supporting structure for the entire device, and contains multiple installation areas for fixing various functional modules. The denitrification module 2 and the multi-stage filtration module 3 are arranged in series and connected through the flow guide channel 9. The auxiliary control module 4 is located on one side of the main frame 1 and works in conjunction with the functional modules to achieve real-time monitoring and adjustment of the device's operating status.

[0026] The denitrification module 2 includes a catalytic unit 5, a gas distributor 6, and a heat exchange assembly 7. The gas distributor 6 is located at the front end of the denitrification module 2, and its front end is equipped with a flow divider 8. The flow divider 8 has several evenly distributed guide holes, which uniformly disperse the incoming flue gas to the front surface of the catalytic unit 5. The catalytic unit 5 consists of multiple honeycomb catalyst blocks, each of which is fixed to a positioning bracket by a snap-fit ​​structure, facilitating disassembly and replacement of the catalyst blocks. A cleaning nozzle 17 is located at the rear end of the catalytic unit 5. The cleaning nozzle 17 is connected to an external water source via a pipe, and its spray angle is adjustable from 0° to 45° to accommodate the cleaning needs of different catalyst blocks. The heat exchange assembly 7 is located at the top of the catalytic unit 5. Its inlet is connected to the gas distributor 6, and its outlet is connected to the guide channel 9 via a flange 19. The flange 19 is equipped with a sealing ring 20 to ensure airtightness at the connection. The heat exchange assembly 7 has multiple parallel heat exchange tubes 18 inside. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes 18 are connected to the air inlet and the air outlet, respectively. The outer wall is provided with fins to increase the heat exchange area.

[0027] The multi-stage filtration module 3 includes a primary filter layer 10, a secondary filter layer 11, and a terminal adsorption layer 12, arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction. The primary filter layer 10 is made of metal fiber mesh, and its edges are fixed to the inner wall of the main frame 1 by bolts. The secondary filter layer 11 is composed of multiple layers of ceramic filter elements, with each layer separated by elastic gaskets to reduce the impact of vibration on the filtration effect. The terminal adsorption layer 12 is filled with activated carbon particles and wrapped with a breathable protective cover to prevent particulate matter leakage. The inner wall of the flow channel 9 is coated with a high-temperature resistant coating to enhance corrosion resistance, and its two ends are connected to the denitrification module 2 and the multi-stage filtration module 3 respectively via flanges 19.

[0028] The auxiliary control module 4 includes a pressure sensor 13, a temperature sensor 14, and a control panel 15. The pressure sensor 13 is located at the front end of the primary filter layer 10 to monitor pressure changes when flue gas enters. The temperature sensor 14 is located at the outlet of the heat exchange assembly 7 to detect the temperature of the flue gas after heat exchange. The control panel 15 is mounted on the outside of the main frame 1 and contains a data processing unit to receive and analyze data collected by the sensors, thereby adjusting the device's operating parameters. The control panel 15 has a touchscreen displaying the current operating status and various parameters of the device, allowing users to manually adjust the operating mode. The control panel 15 also includes a wireless communication module for uploading operating data to a cloud server for remote monitoring.

[0029] The bottom of the main frame 1 is equipped with a slide rail, on which a movable dust collection box 16 is mounted for collecting particulate matter separated from the primary filter layer 10 and the secondary filter layer 11. The top of the dust collection box 16 has an opening with a filter screen to prevent large particles from falling directly into the box. The dust collection box 16 can be easily pulled out for cleaning via the slide rail design.

[0030] In actual operation, the flue gas first enters the denitrification module 2 through the gas distributor 6. The guide holes on the diversion plate 8 evenly disperse the flue gas to the front surface of the catalytic unit 5. The honeycomb catalyst blocks in the catalytic unit 5 decompose the nitrogen oxides in the flue gas. The decomposed flue gas enters the heat exchange assembly 7, where it undergoes heat exchange through the heat exchange tube 18 and its outer wall fins to reduce its temperature. After heat exchange, the flue gas enters the multi-stage filtration module 3 through the guide channel 9, passing sequentially through the primary filtration layer 10, the secondary filtration layer 11, and the terminal adsorption layer 12, gradually removing particulate matter and harmful substances from the flue gas. During this process, the pressure sensor 13 and the temperature sensor 14 monitor the pressure and temperature of the flue gas in real time, respectively. The control panel 15 adjusts the operating parameters of the device based on the data collected by the sensors to ensure that the device is in optimal operating condition.

[0031] When maintenance of the catalytic unit 5 is required, the catalyst block can be quickly disassembled for replacement or cleaning via a snap-fit ​​structure. The cleaning nozzle 17 periodically rinses the surface of the catalyst block to maintain catalytic efficiency. Particulate matter separated by the primary filter layer 10 and secondary filter layer 11 in the multi-stage filtration module 3 is collected in the dust collection box 16, which can be pulled out for cleaning via a sliding rail design. The flange 19 and sealing ring 20 design of the flow channel 9 ensures tight and airtight connections between modules while facilitating disassembly and maintenance.

[0032] This invention achieves efficient dry denitrification and multi-stage filtration through the aforementioned structural design, ensuring the stable operation of the flue gas purification system. The connection methods between modules and the specific arrangement of components have been optimized, making the device superior to existing technologies in terms of processing efficiency, system integration, and operational stability, thus meeting the demands of modern industry for efficient, low-energy-consumption, and environmentally friendly equipment.

[0033] To enable those skilled in the art to fully understand and implement this utility model, the specific implementation principle of this utility model is further explained below in conjunction with a specific application scenario.

[0034] In practical applications of industrial flue gas purification, this device is first installed at the end of the flue gas emission duct via the main frame 1, ensuring it aligns with the flue gas flow direction. Flue gas enters the gas distributor 6 from the external duct, and the guide holes on the diversion plate 8 evenly distribute the flue gas to the front surface of the catalytic unit 5. This design effectively avoids localized overload or uneven distribution of the flue gas upon entering the catalytic unit 5, thereby improving denitrification efficiency. The honeycomb catalyst blocks in the catalytic unit 5 react chemically with nitrogen oxides in the flue gas through their internal active components, decomposing them into harmless nitrogen and water vapor. This process is the core step of dry denitrification. Since the catalyst blocks are fixed to the positioning bracket via a snap-fit ​​structure, replacement or cleaning can be performed by quickly disassembling the snaps, significantly reducing maintenance difficulty.

[0035] After being treated by the catalytic unit 5, the flue gas enters the heat exchange assembly 7. Inside the heat exchange assembly 7, the heat exchange tubes 18 have fins that increase the heat exchange area, thereby efficiently reducing the flue gas temperature to a suitable range. This step not only contributes to the stable operation of the subsequent multi-stage filtration module 3 but also reduces energy consumption, demonstrating the energy-saving characteristics of the device. The flue gas after heat exchange enters the multi-stage filtration module 3 through the guide channel 9 connected by the flange 19 and the sealing ring 20. The high-temperature resistant coating on the inner wall of the guide channel 9 enhances its corrosion resistance and extends the service life of the equipment.

[0036] After entering the multi-stage filtration module 3, the flue gas sequentially passes through the primary filtration layer 10, the secondary filtration layer 11, and the final adsorption layer 12. The primary filtration layer 10 is made of metal fiber mesh and is mainly used to intercept large particles in the flue gas. The secondary filtration layer 11 is composed of multiple layers of ceramic filter elements, with each layer separated by elastic gaskets. This design effectively reduces the impact of vibration on the filtration effect and further removes fine particles in the flue gas. The final adsorption layer 12 is filled with activated carbon particles, which can adsorb harmful gases and trace residues in the flue gas. Through this progressive filtration process, particulate matter and harmful substances in the flue gas are gradually removed, ultimately meeting the purification standards.

[0037] During this process, the pressure sensor 13 and temperature sensor 14 in the auxiliary control module 4 monitor the pressure and temperature of the flue gas in real time. The control panel 15 receives the data collected by the sensors and analyzes the operating status of the flue gas through the built-in data processing unit, thereby adjusting the operating parameters of the device. For example, when the temperature sensor 14 detects that the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the heat exchange component 7 is too high, the control panel 15 will automatically adjust the working status of the heat exchange component 7 to reduce the flue gas temperature. In addition, users can manually adjust the operating mode through the touch screen or upload the operating data to the cloud server using the wireless communication module to achieve remote monitoring.

[0038] During long-term operation, particulate matter separated by the primary filter layer 10 and the secondary filter layer 11 is collected in the dust collection box 16. A filter screen at the top of the dust collection box 16 prevents large particles from falling directly into the box, while the sliding rail design allows for easy removal and cleaning of the dust collection box 16, ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the device. Simultaneously, the cleaning nozzle 17 at the rear of the catalytic unit 5 periodically rinses the surface of the catalyst block. Its spray angle can be adjusted from 0° to 45° according to actual needs to adapt to the cleaning requirements of different catalyst blocks and maintain catalytic efficiency.

[0039] Through the aforementioned steps and the synergistic effect of each functional module, this invention achieves highly efficient dry denitrification and multi-stage filtration. For example, in an application at a coal-fired power plant, this device can reduce the nitrogen oxide concentration from an initial 300 mg / m³ to below 50 mg / m³ with a flue gas flow rate of 1000 m³ / h, while simultaneously removing over 95% of particulate matter and harmful gases. These effects are attributed to the high specific surface area design of the honeycomb catalyst blocks in catalytic unit 5 and the progressive filtration method in multi-stage filtration module 3. Furthermore, the modular design and optimized connection method of the device further enhance the system's integration and operational stability, meeting the demands of modern industry for efficient, low-energy-consumption, and easy-to-maintain environmental protection equipment.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification, characterized in that, The system includes a main frame (1), which has an installation area inside for fixing a denitrification module (2), a multi-stage filtration module (3), and an auxiliary control module (4). The denitrification module (2) and the multi-stage filtration module (3) are connected through a flow channel (9), and the auxiliary control module (4) is located on one side of the main frame (1).

2. The multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The denitrification module (2) includes a catalytic unit (5), a gas distributor (6) and a heat exchange component (7). The front end of the gas distributor (6) is provided with a flow divider plate (8), and the flow divider plate (8) is provided with several evenly distributed guide holes. The catalytic unit (5) is composed of multiple honeycomb catalyst blocks. Each catalyst block is fixed to the positioning bracket by a snap-fit ​​structure. The air inlet of the heat exchange component (7) is connected to the gas distributor (6), and the air outlet is connected to the guide channel (9).

3. The multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear end of the catalytic unit (5) is provided with a cleaning nozzle (17), which is connected to an external water source through a pipe. The spray angle of the cleaning nozzle (17) is adjustable from 0° to 45°.

4. The multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage filtration module (3) includes a primary filtration layer (10), a secondary filtration layer (11), and a terminal adsorption layer (12), which are arranged sequentially along the flue gas flow direction. The primary filtration layer (10) is made of metal fiber mesh. The secondary filtration layer (11) is composed of multiple ceramic filter elements stacked together, with each ceramic filter element separated by an elastic gasket. The terminal adsorption layer (12) is filled with activated carbon particles and wrapped with a breathable protective cover.

5. A multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary control module (4) includes a pressure sensor (13), a temperature sensor (14), and a control panel (15). The pressure sensor (13) is located at the front end of the primary filter layer (10), the temperature sensor (14) is located at the air outlet of the heat exchange component (7), and the control panel (15) is installed on the outside of the main frame (1).

6. A multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the flow channel (9) is provided with a high temperature resistant coating. The two ends of the flow channel (9) are connected to the denitrification module (2) and the multi-stage filtration module (3) respectively through flanges (19). A sealing ring (20) is provided on the flanges (19).

7. A multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the main frame (1) is provided with a slide rail, on which a movable dust collection box (16) is installed. The top of the dust collection box (16) is provided with an opening, and a filter screen is provided at the opening.

8. A multi-stage filtration device for high-efficiency dry denitrification according to claim 2, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly (7) has multiple parallel heat exchange tubes (18) inside. The two ends of the heat exchange tubes (18) are connected to the air inlet and the air outlet, respectively. The outer wall of the heat exchange tubes (18) is provided with fins.

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