A calibration device for filler wire laser welding joints

Abstract

This utility model discloses a calibration device for a filler wire laser welding head, including a base column, an mounting plate on the upper surface of the base column, a calibration tip for calibrating the laser head position and a wire guide calibration component for calibrating the wire guide nozzle. This utility model ensures that the wire guide nozzle and the laser spot emitted by the laser head are on the same straight line, achieving precise centering calibration of the welding wire and the laser head, making the centers of the laser and the welding wire coincide. This solves the problem of laser and welding wire mismatch caused by changing the laser head or wire feeding system, thereby avoiding quality problems such as weld seam misalignment and improving the stability and reliability of welding quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of automated welding technology, and in particular to a calibration device for filler wire laser welding heads. Background Technology

[0002] Laser welding technology, as an advanced joining technology in the current automotive manufacturing field, has been widely used in automotive body-in-white manufacturing, parts and battery industries. In the field of laser welding, the wire feeding system and the laser head are both key components, and they often need to be replaced due to specific circumstances.

[0003] The wire feeding system is mainly responsible for accurately delivering the welding wire to the weld pool. As a filler material, the welding wire can enhance the strength and toughness of the weld. When the welding task changes, such as changing the material, thickness, or shape of the weld, the wire feeding system needs to be replaced to adapt to the type of welding wire and adjust the wire feeding speed.

[0004] The main function of the laser head is to generate a high-energy-density laser beam and focus and transmit it to the welding position through an internal optical system to achieve efficient material bonding.

[0005] In practical work, each time the laser head or wire feeding system is changed, the laser and welding wire are difficult to match (the centers of the laser and welding wire should coincide), which leads to poor welding quality. Therefore, how to achieve the matching of laser and welding wire after each change of laser head or wire feeding system has become the key to ensuring welding quality.

[0006] Currently, adjustments are primarily made based on human experience and visual observation. The adjustment process is as follows: First, adjust the Z-axis. Generally, loosen the screws on the wire guide calibration assembly, move the wire guide tube back and forth until it approaches the desired value, and then tighten the screws. Next, ensure the welding wire roughly bisects the laser beam, and then tighten the screws securing the wire feed tube. If the deviation is not significant, the knob on the laser head can also be adjusted. This knob allows adjustment of the laser head in the Y-axis, thus achieving alignment between the laser and the welding wire. However, this adjustment is limited to ±0.8mm. Finally, based on the point where the laser irradiates the welding wire, cut off any excess welding wire.

[0007] However, the above solution can only ensure the alignment of the welding wire and the laser, but cannot obtain the accurate position of the end of the welding wire (wire guide) or the laser head. If there is a deviation compared to before, it will cause the weld to shift, and in severe cases, it will scrap the parts and cause production waste. Utility Model Content

[0008] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a calibration device for filler wire laser welding heads.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution:

[0010] A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding head includes a base column, an upper surface of which is provided with a mounting plate, and the mounting plate is provided with a calibration tip for calibrating the position of the laser head and a wire guide calibration assembly for calibrating the wire guide nozzle.

[0011] The calibration tip is further configured such that it consists of a mounting base and a tip disposed on the upper surface of the mounting base, and the calibration tip and the calibration tip support are installed by an interference fit.

[0012] The mounting plate is further configured to have a positioning pin, and the mounting base has a positioning hole that matches the positioning pin. The mounting base is fixed to the mounting plate by bolts and the positioning pin.

[0013] The guide wire calibration assembly is further configured as follows: a horizontal block is fixed to the mounting plate by bolts. Two support blocks are respectively provided on both sides of the upper surface of the horizontal block. Two parallel guide rods are provided between the two support blocks. The circumferential surfaces of the two guide rods are provided with external threads. Two symmetrically arranged nuts are provided on the two guide rods. Two clamping blocks are provided on the opposite side of the two sets of nuts. The two clamping blocks are slidably connected to the two guide rods respectively. Semi-elliptical grooves are opened on the opposite end faces of the two clamping blocks. The two semi-elliptical grooves form an elliptical groove for the guide wire.

[0014] A further configuration is provided: the holes on the guide rod and the support blocks on both sides are interference fits.

[0015] Further configuration: the two clamping blocks are made of stainless steel.

[0016] The design is further configured such that: the outer sides of the two clamping blocks opposite to each other have countersunk through holes larger than the diameter of the external thread of the guide rod, the countersunk holes have a diameter of 11mm and a depth of 2mm, and the part where the clamping block is fixed to the guide rod is a through hole with a diameter 0.3mm larger than that of the guide rod.

[0017] The elliptical slot is further configured to have a minor diameter of 6 mm and a major diameter of 9 mm.

[0018] The gasket is further configured to be an open-type gasket.

[0019] A further setting includes a calibration protective shield for protecting the calibration tip.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0021] 1. Precise Laser Head Position Calibration: By setting a calibration tip, a precise reference point is provided for the laser head's position calibration. The calibration tip consists of a mounting base and a pointed tip, and is installed with an interference fit to the calibration tip support, ensuring the stability and accuracy of the calibration tip's position. During laser head calibration, it can accurately determine whether the center of the laser spot coincides with the calibration tip, thereby ensuring the precise positioning of the laser head in the X and Y directions.

[0022] 2. Precise Calibration of the Guide Nozzle Position: The guide wire calibration assembly is designed to achieve precise fixing and adjustment of the guide wire nozzle. The two clamping blocks, by moving the nuts on the guide rod, can flexibly adjust the position of the guide wire nozzle within the slot, ensuring that the guide wire nozzle and the laser spot emitted by the laser head are on the same straight line, achieving precise centering calibration of the welding wire and the laser head.

[0023] 3. Convenient adjustment and fine-tuning: The shims between the nut and the clamping block in the guide wire calibration assembly can be adjusted in thickness and number as needed, thereby enabling fine-tuning of the guide wire nozzle position. Furthermore, the threads on the guide rod are fine-pitch threads, and a fine-pitch nut is also used, allowing for more precise adjustment and ensuring calibration accuracy. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hidden base column of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the calibration tip of this utility model;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the guidewire calibration assembly of this utility model;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the guidewire calibration assembly of this utility model from another angle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping block of this utility model;

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Base column; 2. Mounting plate; 3. Calibration tip; 4. Mounting base; 5. Tip; 6. Positioning pin; 7. Positioning hole; 8. Guide wire calibration assembly; 9. Horizontal block; 10. Support block; 11. Guide rod; 12. Nut; 13. Clamping block; 14. Semi-elliptical groove; 15. Slot; 16. Gasket; 17. Specimen holder. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0033] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Example

[0036] Reference Figures 1-6 The present invention discloses a calibration device for a filler wire laser welding head, comprising a base column 1, an mounting plate 2 on the upper surface of the base column 1, a calibration tip 3 on the upper surface of the mounting plate 2, the calibration tip 3 being composed of a mounting base 4 and a tip 5 disposed on the upper surface of the mounting base 4, the calibration tip 3 and the calibration tip 3 support being installed by an interference fit.

[0037] A positioning pin 6 is provided on the mounting plate 2, and a positioning hole 7 that matches the positioning pin 6 is provided on the mounting base 4. In order to ensure installation accuracy and stability, the mounting base 4 is fixed to the mounting plate 2 by bolts and positioning pin 6.

[0038] In this embodiment, there are preferably two positioning pins 6 and four bolts for fixing the mounting base 4.

[0039] During calibration, first move the laser welding robot to calibration tip 3, turn on the laser head of the laser welding robot, and emit the laser. Confirm whether the center of the laser spot is completely aligned with calibration tip 3. If they are aligned, it proves that the laser head has not shifted in the X and Y directions. If they are not aligned, first check whether the laser head is installed in place. If the installation is confirmed to be correct, manually change the current coordinates of the laser welding robot so that the guiding laser and calibration tip 3 are basically aligned.

[0040] In this embodiment, a distance of 15cm is maintained between the bottom of the laser head and the calibration tip 3. If the distance is too small, the risk of interference between the calibration tip 3 and the wire feeding component on the laser head will increase. If the distance is too large, it will lead to an increase in the laser spot size and a decrease in light intensity.

[0041] The calibration tip 3 is preferably made of 304 stainless steel to prevent it from rusting or becoming contaminated, which would affect its accuracy. Furthermore, to prevent contamination, a calibration protective cover (not shown in the figure) is also provided in this invention. When calibration is not required, the calibration protective cover should be placed on the calibration tip 3.

[0042] A guide wire calibration assembly 8 is also provided on the mounting plate 2. The guide wire calibration assembly 8 includes a horizontal block 9 fixed to the mounting plate 2 by bolts. Two support blocks 10 are respectively provided on both sides of the upper surface of the horizontal block 9. Two parallel guide rods 11 are provided between the two support blocks 10. The circumferential surface of the two guide rods 11 is provided with external threads. Two symmetrically arranged nuts 12 are provided on the two guide rods 11. Two clamping blocks 13 are provided on the opposite side of the two sets of nuts 12. The two clamping blocks 13 are slidably connected to the two guide rods 11 respectively. Semi-elliptical grooves 14 are opened on the opposite end faces of the two clamping blocks 13. The two semi-elliptical grooves 14 form an elliptical slot 15 for the guide wire.

[0043] Furthermore, a shim 16 can be provided between the nut 12 and the clamping block 13 to adjust the position of the clamping block 13;

[0044] After the laser head is calibrated, the guide wire nozzle in the laser welding robot is calibrated. Specifically, the nut 12 on the guide rod 11 is loosened to open the two semi-elliptical grooves 14. Then the guide wire nozzle of the laser welding robot is moved to the guide wire calibration assembly 8 so that the guide wire nozzle is fully inserted into the elliptical groove 15.

[0045] Then, tighten the nuts 12 on the two guide rods 11 so that the edge of the right clamping block 13 is located at the center of the laser. Then tighten the nuts 12 on the left clamping block 13 to clamp the guide wire nozzle through the two semi-elliptical grooves 14, thus completing the fixation of the guide wire nozzle.

[0046] During operation, look at the guide wire nozzle through the gap between the semi-elliptical grooves 14, and make sure that the guide wire nozzle and the laser spot emitted by the laser head are on the same straight line.

[0047] If the two are not on a straight line, adjust the thickness and number of shims 16 to adjust the position of the guide tip until they are on the same straight line. In addition, if there is an overall offset, the adjusting nuts 12 on both sides of the two clamping blocks 13 can be adjusted to make them in the middle. In this way, the centering and calibration of the welding wire and the laser head are completed. Loosen the nuts 12 on the two guide rods 11 to remove the fixation of the guide tip.

[0048] After calibration, the laser welding robot extends the welding wire (the laser welding robot will adjust the extension length of the welding wire to keep it between 8-14mm), and then confirms the alignment of the laser spot and the welding wire. Specifically, the white measuring plate is placed under the laser head, and the wire guide module on the laser welding robot is moved up and down to observe whether the welding wire evenly divides the laser beam into two halves. If so, the alignment of the laser and the welding wire is completed. If they are not completely aligned, the knob on the laser welding robot is rotated to adjust the position of the laser spot so that the laser spot is located in the exact center of the welding wire.

[0049] It is worth mentioning that how to adjust the position of the laser spot is a well-known technique in the field of laser welding robots, and will not be elaborated on here.

[0050] In this embodiment, to ensure that the adjustment amount is small enough, the thread on the guide rod 113 is fine-pitch, and the nut 12 is a fine-pitch nut 12 with an M8 thread.

[0051] In addition, to ensure the overall movement of the two clamping blocks 13, each of the two clamping blocks 13 has a countersunk through hole on its opposite outer side, which is larger than the diameter of the external thread of the guide rod 11. The countersunk hole has a diameter of 11mm and a depth of 2mm. The part where the clamping block 13 is fixed to the guide rod 11 is a through hole, and the diameter of the through hole is 0.3mm larger than that of the guide rod 11. This ensures both accuracy and smooth sliding.

[0052] Furthermore, the holes on the guide rod 11 and the support blocks 10 on both sides are interference-fitted, which ensures that the guide rod 11 can be fixed without additional constraints.

[0053] In this embodiment, the minor diameter of the elliptical slot 15 is 6mm and the major diameter is 9mm. Since the commonly used guide wire nozzle diameter is 7mm, this ensures that the guide wire nozzle is fixed by the clamping block 13 and is not affected by other factors.

[0054] In this embodiment, the gasket 16 is preferably an open-type gasket 16, which can be easily disassembled and adjusted, and the clamping block 13 is preferably a copper block.

[0055] Furthermore, a test piece holder 17 is installed on the upper surface of the mounting plate 2 to fix the pre-prepared test piece on this device for test welding to confirm that this adjustment has no significant impact on the welding quality.

[0056] It is worth mentioning that the test piece holder 17 is also a well-known technology in the aforementioned technical field, and its structure and principle will not be described in detail here.

[0057] This invention provides a precise reference point for laser head positioning calibration by setting a calibration tip 3. The calibration tip 3 consists of a mounting base 4 and a tip 5, and is installed with an interference fit to the calibration tip 3 support, ensuring the positional stability and accuracy of the calibration tip 3. During laser head calibration, it can accurately determine whether the center of the laser spot coincides with the calibration tip 3, thereby ensuring the precise positioning of the laser head in the X and Y directions. The design of the wire guide calibration assembly 8 enables precise fixing and adjustment of the wire guide nozzle. The two clamping blocks 13 can flexibly adjust the position of the wire guide nozzle in the slot 15 by moving the nut 12 on the guide rod 11, ensuring that the wire guide nozzle and the laser spot emitted by the laser head are on the same straight line, achieving precise centering calibration of the welding wire and the laser head, and making the centers of the laser and welding wire coincide. This solves the problem of laser and welding wire mismatch caused by changing the laser head or wire feeding system, thereby avoiding quality problems such as weld seam misalignment and improving the stability and reliability of welding quality.

[0058] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A calibration apparatus for a filler wire laser welding joint, characterized by, It includes a base column (1), and an mounting plate (2) is provided on the upper surface of the base column (1). The mounting plate (2) is provided with a calibration tip (3) for calibrating the position of the laser head and a guide wire calibration assembly (8) for calibrating the guide wire nozzle.

2. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 1, characterized in that The calibration tip (3) consists of a mounting base (4) and a tip (5) disposed on the upper surface of the mounting base (4). The calibration tip (3) and the calibration tip (3) support are installed by interference fit.

3. The calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting plate (2) is provided with a positioning pin (6), and the mounting base (4) is provided with a positioning hole (7) that matches the positioning pin (6). The mounting base (4) is fixed to the mounting plate (2) by bolts and positioning pin (6).

4. The calibration device for filler wire laser welding joints according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide wire calibration assembly (8) includes a horizontal block (9) fixed to the mounting plate (2) by bolts. Two support blocks (10) are respectively provided on both sides of the upper surface of the horizontal block (9). Two parallel guide rods (11) are provided between the two support blocks (10). The circumferential surfaces of the two guide rods (11) are provided with external threads. Two symmetrical nuts (12) are provided on the two guide rods (11). Two clamping blocks (13) are provided on the opposite side of the two sets of nuts (12). The two clamping blocks (13) are slidably connected to the two guide rods (11). Semi-elliptical grooves (14) are opened on the opposite end faces of the two clamping blocks (13). The two semi-elliptical grooves (14) form an elliptical slot (15) for the guide wire.

5. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, The guide rod (11) and the holes on the support blocks (10) on both sides are interference fit.

6. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both clamping blocks are made of stainless steel.

7. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both of the two clamping blocks (13) have countersunk through holes on their opposite outer sides that are larger than the diameter of the external thread of the guide rod (11). The countersunk holes have a diameter of 11 mm and a depth of 2 mm. The part where the clamping block (13) is fixed to the guide rod (11) is a through hole with a diameter 0.3 mm larger than that of the guide rod (11).

8. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, The elliptical slot (15) has a minor diameter of 6 mm and a major diameter of 9 mm.

9. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding joint according to claim 4, characterized in that, The gasket (16) is an open-type gasket (16).

10. A calibration device for a filler wire laser welding head according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a calibration protective cover for protecting the calibration tip (3).

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