A clamping tool for irregular round parts

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of clamping fixtures for irregularly shaped cylindrical parts, specifically to a clamping fixture for irregularly shaped cylindrical parts. It includes a ring-shaped fixture body with an internal mounting cavity. Positioning parts and pre-tightening parts are spaced apart circumferentially. The pre-tightening parts move radially through a groove between themselves and the positioning parts, adaptively conforming to the outer contour of the part to form a uniform clamping force distribution. The pre-tightening parts have a clamping area and a clearance area. The clamping area clamps the main body of the part, while the clearance area avoids local structures of the part to prevent clamping damage. The clearance area has a limiting boss that extends to form a locking structure, enhancing the linkage locking capability of the pre-tightening parts on both sides. The clamping area also has a clearance groove extending towards the clearance area, providing clearance space for minor displacement of the part and preventing bottom interference deformation. This utility model can continuously clamp irregularly shaped cylindrical parts, significantly improving the uniformity of clamping force distribution and reducing deformation caused by clamping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of clamping fixtures for irregular outer cylindrical parts, and specifically to a clamping fixture for irregular outer cylindrical parts. Background Technology

[0002] In machining, when clamping and positioning parts with irregular outer contours, the traditional method usually uses a three-jaw chuck. However, conventional three-jaw chucks achieve clamping through three-point contact, and their clamping force distribution has obvious local concentration, making it difficult to adapt to the complex geometry of irregular outer cylindrical parts.

[0003] Especially when machining thin-walled parts or parts with poor rigidity, the parts themselves have low structural strength and are prone to elastic deformation or local buckling under clamping force. In addition, during the cutting process, the dynamic cutting force between the tool and the workpiece will cause the stress state of the part to change continuously, further aggravating the deformation tendency of the part.

[0004] The aforementioned factors collectively cause parts to lose their stable geometric shape under clamping conditions, thus affecting machining accuracy and dimensional consistency, and even leading to part scrap. Furthermore, poor clamping stability may increase the workload of subsequent inspection and repair processes, reducing overall machining efficiency.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a clamping fixture that can adapt to the outer contour shape of the part, evenly distribute the clamping force, and improve the clamping stability, so as to solve the above-mentioned problems in the existing technology and meet the actual needs of high-precision and high-stability machining of irregular outer cylindrical parts. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a clamping fixture for irregular outer cylindrical parts, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the background art that irregular outer cylindrical parts cannot maintain a stable geometric shape under clamping conditions, thereby affecting the machining accuracy and dimensional consistency, and even causing the parts to be scrapped.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0008] A clamping fixture for irregularly shaped cylindrical parts includes a fixture body with a mounting cavity in the middle for accommodating the parts. Positioning portions and pre-tightening portions are spaced circumferentially on the fixture body, surrounding the outer periphery of the mounting cavity. The positioning portions contact and restrict movement of the parts in the outer circumferential direction. A groove extending in the height direction is provided between the positioning portions and the pre-tightening portions, serving as a movement space allowing the pre-tightening portions to displace radially within the mounting cavity. When the parts are clamped, the pre-tightening portions tend to move towards the positioning portions, so that the positioning portions and the pre-tightening portions together form an annular clamping space that adapts to the outer contour of the parts to be processed.

[0009] Furthermore, there are two pre-tightening parts, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning part. In the radial direction of the mounting cavity, the contact surfaces of the two pre-tightening parts and the positioning part have an overlapping area.

[0010] Furthermore, one end of the groove is adjacent to the mounting cavity, and the width of the groove on the side closer to the mounting cavity is smaller than the width of the groove on the side farther away from the mounting cavity.

[0011] Furthermore, the tooling body is provided with a support portion and a relief groove. The support portion extends into the mounting cavity to support the bottom of the part, and the relief groove is provided on the upper side of the support portion.

[0012] Furthermore, the pre-tightening part is provided with a clamping area and a clearance area. The clearance area is located outside the clamping area and away from the mounting cavity, so as to avoid local areas of the part during the clamping process.

[0013] Furthermore, a limiting boss is provided on the avoidance area, and the limiting boss extends from the avoidance area toward the center of the mounting cavity.

[0014] Furthermore, the clearance groove is formed in the clamping area and extends from the clamping area toward the clearance area.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting boss extends toward the pre-tightening part on the other side to form a locking structure.

[0016] The advantages of the clamping fixture for irregular outer cylindrical parts described in this utility model compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0017] By setting a positioning part and a pre-tightening part on the tooling body, and setting a groove between them to allow radial displacement of the pre-tightening part, the clamping space can be adjusted according to the outer contour of the clamped part, realizing continuous clamping of irregular outer circle parts, significantly improving the uniformity of clamping force distribution, and reducing the deformation of parts caused by clamping. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an isometric side view of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning part of this utility model.

[0022] The attached diagram shows the markings and corresponding component names: tooling body-10, mounting cavity-101, positioning part-20, pre-tightening part-30, clamping area-301, clearance area-302, groove-40, support part-50, clearance groove-60, limiting boss-70, and locking structure-80. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0024] Example:

[0025] refer to Figure 1 This embodiment provides a clamping fixture for irregularly shaped cylindrical parts, comprising a fixture body 10. The fixture body 10 has an overall annular structure, with a mounting cavity 101 in its central part for accommodating the part to be processed. At least one positioning part 20 and a plurality of pre-tightening parts 30 are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the fixture body 10, and the positioning parts 20 and pre-tightening parts 30 are evenly distributed around the mounting cavity 101. The positioning part 20 is used to contact the outer contour of the part and restrict its movement in the circumferential direction, serving as a primary positioning reference.

[0026] The preload 30 achieves its displacement function through a groove 40 provided between it and the positioning part 20. Specifically, the groove 40 extends along the height direction of the tooling body 10, forming a space for the preload 30 to move freely in the radial direction of the mounting cavity 101. The groove 40 is preferably provided on the side close to the mounting cavity 101 to provide sufficient deformation space for the preload 30 without affecting the overall structural strength of the tooling.

[0027] In this embodiment, the tooling body 10 can be made of a material with a certain elasticity, such as engineering plastics or metal alloys with resilience, so that the pre-tightening part 30 can undergo elastic deformation along the groove 40 when subjected to external force, and automatically move towards the positioning part 20 after clamping by relying on the elastic recovery force of the material itself, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of clamping force.

[0028] During the clamping process, the operator places the part into the mounting cavity 101. Then, the pre-tightening part 30 moves towards the positioning part 20 by its own elastic restoring force, thereby forming an annular clamping space that adapts to the outer contour of the part together with the positioning part 20. Since the pre-tightening part 30 has a certain displacement capability, it can adaptively fit according to the actual shape of the part, improving clamping stability and the uniformity of clamping force.

[0029] The clamping fixture provided in this embodiment achieves continuous clamping of irregular outer cylindrical parts through the cooperative design of the pre-tightening part 30 and the groove 40 structure, effectively solving the problems of uneven clamping force and easy deformation of thin-walled parts caused by traditional three-jaw chucks.

[0030] It should be noted that, in order to further improve the continuous clamping performance of the outer circumferential surface of irregularly shaped parts, two pre-tightening parts 30 can be designed, which can be respectively provided on both sides of the positioning part 20. Specifically, when viewed radially in the mounting cavity 101, the two pre-tightening parts 30 and the positioning part 20 form a contact surface with an overlapping area. This overlapping design is to ensure that even when the outer contour of the part changes, at least a portion of the contact surface can always maintain close contact with the part, thereby achieving continuous clamping of the outer circumferential surface.

[0031] When the operator places the part into the mounting cavity 101, the pre-tightening portions 30 on both sides will move closer to the part due to elastic deformation, until they work together with the positioning portion 20 to form an annular clamping space that fits the shape of the part. Due to the overlapping area, this clamping method can effectively avoid the problem of local stress concentration that may be caused by traditional fixtures, thereby reducing the risk of part deformation and improving machining accuracy.

[0032] It is worth noting that one end of the groove 40 is located adjacent to the mounting cavity 101 to provide space for the pre-tightening part 30 to move radially along the mounting cavity 101. In order to balance structural strength and elastic deformation capacity, the groove width of the groove 40 on the side closer to the mounting cavity 101 is smaller than the groove width on the side farther away from the mounting cavity 101, that is, the groove 40 has a "wider outside and narrower inside" structure.

[0033] Specifically, during the clamping process, when the part is placed into the mounting cavity 101 and subjected to the clamping force applied by the pre-tightening part 30, the pre-tightening part 30 will undergo a certain degree of elastic displacement along the groove 40. Since the groove width of the groove 40 is smaller on the side closer to the mounting cavity 101, the pre-tightening part 30 has higher structural rigidity in the part near the clamping area 301, thereby avoiding deformation of the part due to excessive clamping force. On the side farther from the mounting cavity 101, the groove width increases, providing a larger deformation space for the pre-tightening part 30, which is beneficial to improving the flexibility and stability of the clamping process.

[0034] The gradient groove 40 structure not only helps to achieve uniform clamping of irregular outer diameter parts, but also effectively prevents tooling fatigue damage caused by weak structure and extends service life.

[0035] refer to Figure 2 In some embodiments, the tooling body 10 is provided with a support portion 50 and a relief groove 60. The support portion 50 can be provided at the bottom of the tooling body 10 and extend into the mounting cavity 101 to provide effective support for the bottom of the part placed in the mounting cavity 101, preventing it from sinking due to gravity or clamping force during clamping or processing.

[0036] The clearance groove 60 is located above the support portion 50, specifically in the upper region of the support portion 50 along the axial direction of the tooling body 10. The function of the clearance groove 60 is to prevent the bottom of the part from directly contacting the tooling body 10 when the part is subjected to radial force and undergoes slight displacement during processing, thereby preventing deformation or damage to the bottom of the part due to localized force.

[0037] By setting a clearance groove 60 in the corresponding area of ​​the support part 50, not only is the basic support requirement of the bottom of the part guaranteed, but also clearance space is provided for possible slight displacement, thereby improving the stability of the clamping process and the reliability of the part processing quality.

[0038] refer to Figures 3-4 In other embodiments, the pre-tightening part 30 is provided with a clamping area 301 and a clearance area 302. The clamping area 301 is located on the side of the pre-tightening part 30 near the center of the mounting cavity 101, and is used to contact the main body of the part and provide clamping force. The clearance area 302 is located outside the clamping area 301 and extends outward relative to the mounting cavity 101. Its position is far away from the axis of the mounting cavity 101, and is used to avoid local areas of the part (such as protruding structures or easily deformable areas of the part) during clamping, thereby avoiding damage or deformation of the part due to the clamping force.

[0039] Specifically, during the clamping process, after the part is placed in the mounting cavity 101, the pre-tightening part 30 moves towards the positioning part 20. At this time, the clamping area 301 contacts the surface of the part and applies clamping force, while the clearance area 302 maintains a gap with the local area of ​​the part, ensuring that the area is not affected by the clamping force. This partitioned design not only improves the safety and reliability of the clamping process, but also helps protect critical parts of the part from clamping interference.

[0040] By setting a combination structure of clamping area 301 and clearance area 302 on the pre-tightening part 30, flexible clamping of irregular outer circle parts is achieved, taking into account both the uniformity of clamping force distribution and the protection requirements of local structure of the parts.

[0041] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the clearance area 302 of the pre-tightening part 30 is provided with a limiting boss 70. The limiting boss 70 extends from the clearance area 302 toward the center of the mounting cavity 101 along the radial direction of the tooling body 10. Its height and position are adapted to the shape characteristics of the part to be clamped.

[0042] In practical implementation, when a part is placed in the mounting cavity 101 and subjected to clamping force, the clearance area 302 is used to avoid the local structure of the part, while the limiting boss 70 plays an auxiliary limiting role in this area. It does not directly participate in clamping, but rather limits the axial or circumferential displacement of the part during clamping or processing by approaching or slightly contacting the non-clamping area 301 of the part, thereby improving the overall clamping stability.

[0043] By setting a limiting boss 70 on the avoidance zone 302, not only is the critical parts of the part protected, but the positioning accuracy and stability during the clamping process are also effectively enhanced, further improving the functional integrity and practicality of the clamping fixture.

[0044] It should be noted that in this embodiment, the clamping area 301 of the pre-tightening part 30 is provided with a relief groove 60, which extends from the clamping area 301 to the relief area 302. The function of the relief groove 60 is to provide relief space for the slight displacement that may occur during the clamping process of the part.

[0045] Specifically, in the clamping state, the clamping area 301 contacts the outer contour of the part and applies clamping force, while the clearance area 302 avoids local areas of the part. When the part slightly shifts during processing due to changes in cutting force or clamping force distribution, its bottom may move towards the clearance area 302. At this time, the clearance groove 60 can effectively prevent direct contact between the bottom of the part and the tooling body 10, thereby preventing deformation or damage to the part caused by local compression.

[0046] The depth and width of the clearance groove 60 are designed according to the dimensional tolerances and allowable displacement of the actual part to ensure that sufficient clearance space is provided without affecting the overall structural strength of the preload 30. In addition, the surface of the clearance groove 60 is preferably chamfered or rounded to further reduce the risk of scratching the surface of the part.

[0047] By providing a clearance groove 60 in the clamping area 301 and extending towards the clearance area 302, this utility model achieves a safer and more stable clamping method for irregular outer circular parts, significantly improving the applicability and processing reliability of the tooling.

[0048] It is worth noting that in this embodiment, the limiting boss 70 extends from the clearance area 302 along the radial direction of the tooling body 10 toward the opposite pre-tightening part 30, and forms a locking structure 80 at its end. The locking structure 80 can be an adaptable form such as a groove or an elastic buckle, which can be fitted with the corresponding structure on the other pre-tightening part 30. When the two pre-tightening parts 30 approach the positioning part 20 in the clamping state, the locking structures 80 on them can dock to form a mechanical connection, thereby enhancing the overall rigidity and anti-deflection capability of the entire clamping system.

[0049] By integrating the limiting boss 70 with the locking structure 80, this utility model not only improves the stability and safety during the clamping process, but also simplifies the tooling structure.

[0050] Working principle:

[0051] During use, the operator first places the part to be processed into the mounting cavity 101 in the middle of the tooling body 10. At this time, the multiple pre-tightening parts 30 arranged circumferentially on the tooling body 10 automatically move towards the positioning part 20 under the action of their own elastic restoring force and fit against the outer surface of the part. Since there is a groove 40 extending along the height direction between the pre-tightening part 30 and the positioning part 20, this structure allows the pre-tightening part 30 to undergo elastic displacement along the radial direction of the mounting cavity 101 during clamping, thereby achieving adaptive fitting to the shape of the part.

[0052] To improve clamping stability, the pre-tightening part 30 is provided with a functional partition structure, including a clamping area 301 and a clearance area 302. The clamping area 301 is located close to the mounting cavity 101 and is used to contact the critical parts of the part and apply clamping force; the clearance area 302 is located away from the mounting cavity 101 and is used to avoid local protrusions of the part to prevent damage during clamping.

[0053] Furthermore, a limiting boss 70 is provided on the clearance area 302. The limiting boss 70 extends toward the pre-tightening part 30 on the other side to form a locking structure 80. The locking structures 80 on the two pre-tightening parts 30 cooperate with each other in the clamping state to enhance the overall rigidity and anti-deflection ability of the clamping system and prevent the clamping from loosening due to processing vibration or cutting force.

[0054] In addition, to prevent the parts from interfering with the tooling body 10 due to slight displacement during the clamping process, the clamping area 301 is provided with a relief groove 60 extending towards the relief area 302, which provides relief space for possible slight displacement of the parts and avoids deformation or damage caused by squeezing.

[0055] The various illustrative embodiments mentioned in this specification refer to specific structures described in connection with those embodiments that are included in at least one embodiment of the general description in this application. The appearance of the same expression in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a structure is described in connection with any embodiment, it is intended that implementing such a structure in conjunction with other embodiments falls within the scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts, characterized in that, include: The tooling body has a mounting cavity in the middle for accommodating parts; The tooling body is provided with positioning parts and pre-tightening parts at intervals along the circumference. The positioning parts and the pre-tightening parts are arranged around the outer periphery of the mounting cavity. The positioning parts are used to contact and restrict the movement of the part in the outer circumferential direction. A groove extending along the height direction is provided between the positioning part and the pre-tightening part. The groove serves as a moving space, allowing the pre-tightening part to be displaced radially in the mounting cavity. When the part is clamped, the pre-tightening part tends to move closer to the positioning part, so that the positioning part and the pre-tightening part together form an annular clamping space that can adapt to the outer contour of the part to be processed.

2. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two pre-tightening parts, which are respectively disposed on both sides of the positioning part. In the radial direction of the mounting cavity, the contact surfaces of the two pre-tightening parts and the positioning part have an overlapping area.

3. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the groove is adjacent to the mounting cavity, and the width of the groove on the side closer to the mounting cavity is smaller than the width of the groove on the side farther away from the mounting cavity.

4. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 3, characterized in that, The tooling body is provided with a support part and a relief groove. The support part extends into the mounting cavity to support the bottom of the part, and the relief groove is provided on the upper side of the support part.

5. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pre-tightening part is provided with a clamping area and a clearance area. The clearance area is located outside the clamping area and away from the mounting cavity, and is used to avoid local areas of the part during clamping.

6. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clearance area is provided with a limiting boss, which extends from the clearance area toward the center of the mounting cavity.

7. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The clearance groove is formed in the clamping area and extends from the clamping area toward the clearance area.

8. The clamping fixture for irregularly shaped external cylindrical parts according to claim 7, characterized in that, The limiting boss extends toward the pre-tightening part on the other side to form a locking structure.

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