A buckle and lock type shock absorbing fastener

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of railway track technology, and in particular to a snap-locking vibration damping fastener. The technical solution includes: a sleeper, on which a rail is mounted via a rail-supporting assembly. The rail-supporting assembly includes a rail-supporting plate, on which a first protrusion and a second protrusion are mounted. Clamping frames are respectively mounted on the first and second protrusions. The rail is mounted on the rail-supporting plate on the opposite side of the first and second protrusions via the clamping frames. A first limiting groove and a second limiting groove are respectively formed on the first and second protrusions. Buffering components are installed in both the first and second limiting grooves to mitigate vibrations when the clamping frames and the rail are under pressure. This utility model has the advantages of improving connection stability and durability, and solves the problem of excessive vibration load on the sleepers caused by existing rigid connection fasteners.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway track technology, specifically a snap-locking vibration damping fastener. Background Technology

[0002] In railway track systems, fasteners are key components connecting rails and sleepers, and their performance directly affects track stability and train operation safety.

[0003] Currently, when installing railway rails, fasteners primarily rely on clamping structures to position and secure the rails. While this clamping method meets basic connection requirements, under the dynamic load of a train, the vibration energy generated by the rails is directly transmitted to the sleepers through the fasteners. Due to the rigid connection characteristics of the clamping structure itself, there is a lack of effective vibration buffering and energy dissipation mechanisms, leading to a significant increase in the vibration load borne by the sleepers. Over long-term operation, the sleepers are prone to fatigue cracks and structural loosening due to high-frequency vibrations.

[0004] To address this issue, a snap-locking vibration damping fastener is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a snap-locking vibration damping fastener, which has the advantages of improving connection stability and durability, and solves the problem of excessive vibration load on sleepers caused by existing rigid connection fasteners.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a snap-locking vibration damping fastener, comprising a sleeper, on which a rail is mounted via a rail bearing assembly, the rail bearing assembly comprising a rail bearing plate, a first protrusion and a second protrusion mounted on the rail bearing plate, and clamping frames mounted on the first protrusion and the second protrusion respectively, the rail being mounted on the rail bearing plate on the opposite side of the first protrusion and the second protrusion via the clamping frames;

[0007] The first protrusion and the second protrusion are respectively provided with a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove. A buffer component is installed in both the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove. The buffer component is used to reduce the vibration of the clamping frame and the track when they are under pressure.

[0008] Preferably, the buffer assembly includes a limiting block, which is installed in a first limiting groove and a second limiting groove. The limiting block is provided with a connecting bolt, and the top of the connecting bolt passes through the clamping frame and is threaded with a fastening nut.

[0009] In the design, the limiting block of the buffer component is installed in the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove, realizing the positioning connection between the buffer component and the protrusion. The limiting block has the function of fixing the installation position of the buffer component. The connecting bolt is connected by passing through the clamping frame at the top and threaded by the fastening nut, which ensures the rigid connection between the clamping frame and the buffer component while retaining elastic movement space.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting bolt is fitted with a second elastic element and a third elastic element, the second elastic element being located on the opposite side of the limiting block and the clamping frame, and the third elastic element being located on the opposite side of the fastening nut and the clamping frame.

[0011] In the design, the second and third elastic components fitted on the connecting bolts are spiral springs or disc springs. The second elastic component is located on the opposite side of the limiting block and the clamping frame, and absorbs vertical vibration energy through compressive elastic deformation. The third elastic component is located on the opposite side of the fastening nut and the clamping frame, and uses elastic deformation to offset lateral vibration displacement. The two components work together to form a multi-dimensional vibration reduction system, which realizes bidirectional buffer absorption of vibration energy and improves the effect of the buffer assembly on mitigating the compressive vibration of the clamping frame and the track.

[0012] Preferably, the rail plate is provided with a first drain groove and a second drain groove, both of which penetrate the bottom of the first limiting groove and the second limiting groove.

[0013] The rail plate has a reserved hole through which a self-tapping screw passes.

[0014] In the design, the first and second drainage grooves on the rail support plate penetrate the bottom of the limiting groove, enabling the rapid discharge of rainwater and impurities. The drainage grooves have an inclined guiding structure, and the design of penetrating the bottom of the limiting groove avoids water accumulation and corrosion of the buffer components. The self-tapping screws in the reserved holes pass through the rail support plate to connect to the sleepers, realizing the basic fixation of the rail support plate and the sleepers. The reserved holes have a positioning and guiding function to ensure that the self-tapping screws are installed vertically.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom of the self-tapping screw passes through a pre-drilled hole and is threaded into the sleeper. A first elastic element is fitted onto the self-tapping screw, and the first elastic element is located above the rail bearing plate.

[0016] In the design, the first elastic component mounted on the self-tapping screw is located above the rail bearing plate. The first elastic component is made of rubber or metal spring material with good elasticity. By being mounted on the self-tapping screw, a flexible connection between the rail bearing plate and the sleeper is achieved, which has elastic support characteristics. When the rail bearing plate is subjected to dynamic load, it absorbs vibration energy through compression deformation, reducing stress concentration caused by rigid connection.

[0017] Preferably, the clamping frame is used to position the track on the rail bearing assembly, and the clamping frame is clamped and installed on both sides of the track.

[0018] In the design, the clamping frame is installed on both sides of the track and positions it, realizing the lateral constraint and stable clamping of the track. The clamping frame has a symmetrical arc-shaped clamping surface and adopts a detachable connection with the first protrusion and the second protrusion to ensure the accurate positioning and quick assembly and disassembly of the track on the track support assembly.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0020] This utility model achieves the effect of evenly distributing the lateral and vertical loads of the track and avoiding local stress concentration that could lead to loosening of the connection by setting a symmetrical clamping structure consisting of a first protrusion, a second protrusion, and a clamping frame on the track support plate. This improves the overall stability of the fastener system from a mechanical structural perspective.

[0021] By setting buffer components in the first and second limiting grooves, the elastic deformation of the buffer components is used to absorb vibration energy and block the direct transmission of vibration to the sleeper, which significantly reduces the dynamic load on the sleeper and solves the problem of sleeper fatigue cracks caused by traditional rigid connections.

[0022] By using the first and second limiting grooves to directionally constrain the buffer assembly, the fastener is given adaptive vibration buffering capability while ensuring the rigid connection strength. This allows the track to maintain stable positioning under dynamic loads, reducing component loosening or fatigue damage caused by vibration accumulation, and achieving a dual improvement in connection stability and structural durability. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the rail bearing assembly of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rail support assembly structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the buffer component structure of this utility model.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Sleeper; 2. Rail support assembly; 21. Rail support plate; 211. Reserved hole; 212. First drainage groove; 213. Second drainage groove; 22. First protrusion; 221. First limiting groove; 23. Second protrusion; 231. Second limiting groove; 3. Rail; 4. Self-tapping screw; 41. First elastic component; 5. Clamping frame; 6. Buffer assembly; 61. Limiting block; 62. Connecting bolt; 621. Second elastic component; 622. Third elastic component; 63. Fastening nut. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "top / bottom," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "sleeved / connected," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, one embodiment of this utility model is provided: a snap-locking vibration damping fastener, including a sleeper 1, a rail 3 is installed on the sleeper 1 through a rail support assembly 2, the rail support assembly 2 includes a rail support plate 21, a first protrusion 22 and a second protrusion 23 are installed on the rail support plate 21, and clamping frames 5 are respectively installed on the first protrusion 22 and the second protrusion 23, and the rail 3 is installed on the rail support plate 21 on the opposite side of the first protrusion 22 and the second protrusion 23 through the clamping frames 5;

[0032] The first protrusion 22 and the second protrusion 23 are respectively provided with a first limiting groove 221 and a second limiting groove 231. A buffer component 6 is installed in both the first limiting groove 221 and the second limiting groove 231. The buffer component 6 is used to reduce the vibration of the clamping frame 5 and the track 3 when they are under pressure.

[0033] Specifically, by setting up a symmetrical clamping structure consisting of the first protrusion 22, the second protrusion 23 and the clamping frame 5 on the rail plate 21, the lateral and vertical loads of the rail 3 are evenly distributed, and the connection is prevented from loosening due to local stress concentration. This improves the overall stability of the fastener system from the mechanical structure level.

[0034] By setting buffer components 6 in the first limiting groove 221 and the second limiting groove 231, the effect of absorbing vibration energy and blocking the direct transmission of vibration to the sleeper 1 by utilizing the elastic deformation of the buffer components 6 is achieved, which significantly reduces the dynamic load borne by the sleeper 1 and solves the problem of fatigue cracks in the sleeper 1 caused by traditional rigid connections.

[0035] By using the first limiting groove 221 and the second limiting groove 231 to design the directional constraint of the buffer component 6, the fastener is given adaptive vibration buffering capability while ensuring the rigid connection strength. This allows the track 3 to maintain stable positioning under dynamic load, reducing component loosening or fatigue damage caused by vibration accumulation, and achieving a dual improvement in connection stability and structural durability. Example 2

[0036] To achieve the positioning connection between the buffer assembly and the bracket, and to provide vibration damping, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the buffer assembly 6 includes a limiting block 61, which is installed in the first limiting groove 221 and the second limiting groove 231. The limiting block 61 is provided with a connecting bolt 62, and the top of the connecting bolt 62 passes through the clamping frame 5 and is threaded with a fastening nut 63.

[0037] Specifically, the limiting block 61 of the buffer component 6 is installed in the first limiting groove 221 and the second limiting groove 231, realizing the positioning connection between the buffer component 6 and the protrusion. The limiting block 61 has the function of fixing the installation position of the buffer component 6. The connecting bolt 62 is connected by thread through the clamping frame 5 at the top and the fastening nut 63, ensuring the rigid connection between the clamping frame 5 and the buffer component 6 while retaining elastic movement space.

[0038] Furthermore, a second elastic element 621 and a third elastic element 622 are fitted on the connecting bolt 62. The second elastic element 621 is located on the opposite side of the limiting block 61 and the clamping frame 5, and the third elastic element 622 is located on the opposite side of the fastening nut 63 and the clamping frame 5.

[0039] Specifically, the second elastic element 621 and the third elastic element 622 are fitted on the connecting bolt 62. The second elastic element 621 and the third elastic element 622 adopt a helical spring or disc spring structure. The second elastic element 621 is located on the opposite side of the limiting block 61 and the clamping frame 5, and absorbs vertical vibration energy through compressive elastic deformation. The third elastic element 622 is located on the opposite side of the fastening nut 63 and the clamping frame 5, and uses elastic deformation to offset lateral vibration displacement. The two work together to form a multi-dimensional vibration reduction system, realizing bidirectional buffer absorption of vibration energy and improving the mitigation effect of the buffer assembly 6 on the compressive vibration of the clamping frame 5 and the track 3. Example 3

[0040] To achieve the drainage function of the rail bearing plate and the flexible fixed connection with the sleeper, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the support plate 21 is provided with a first drain groove 212 and a second drain groove 213, and both the first drain groove 212 and the second drain groove 213 penetrate the bottom of the first limiting groove 221 and the second limiting groove 231.

[0041] The rail plate 21 has a reserved hole 211, through which a self-tapping screw 4 passes.

[0042] Specifically, the first drainage groove 212 and the second drainage groove 213 on the rail support plate 21 penetrate through the bottom of the limiting groove, realizing the rapid discharge of rainwater and impurities. The drainage groove has an inclined flow guiding structure, and the design of penetrating through the bottom of the limiting groove avoids water accumulation and corrosion of the buffer component 6. The self-tapping screw 4 in the reserved hole 211 passes through the rail support plate 21 and connects to the sleeper 1, realizing the basic fixation of the rail support plate 21 and the sleeper 1. The reserved hole 211 has a positioning and guiding function to ensure that the self-tapping screw 4 is installed vertically.

[0043] Furthermore, the bottom of the self-tapping screw 4 passes through the reserved hole 211 and is threaded into the sleeper 1. The self-tapping screw 4 is fitted with a first elastic element 41, which is located above the rail bearing plate 21.

[0044] Specifically, the first elastic component 41, which is mounted on the self-tapping screw 4, is located above the rail bearing plate 21. The first elastic component 41 is made of rubber or metal spring material with good elasticity. By being mounted on the self-tapping screw 4, a flexible connection between the rail bearing plate 21 and the sleeper 1 is achieved. It has elastic support characteristics. When the rail bearing plate 21 is subjected to dynamic load, it absorbs vibration energy through compression deformation, thereby reducing stress concentration caused by rigid connection.

[0045] Furthermore, the clamping frame 5 is used to position the track 3 on the track support assembly 2, and the clamping frame 5 is clamped and installed on both sides of the track 3.

[0046] Specifically, the clamping frame 5 is clamped and installed on both sides of the track 3 and its position is positioned, realizing the lateral constraint and stable clamping of the track 3. The clamping frame 5 has a symmetrical arc-shaped clamping surface and adopts a detachable connection with the first protrusion 22 and the second protrusion 23 to ensure the accurate positioning and quick assembly and disassembly of the track 3 on the track support assembly 2.

[0047] In use, the limiting block 61 of the buffer assembly 6 is placed into the first limiting groove 221 of the first protrusion 22 and the second limiting groove 231 of the second protrusion 23. The rail bearing plate 21 is placed above the sleeper 1, aligning the reserved hole 211 on the rail bearing plate 21 with the corresponding position of the sleeper 1. The self-tapping screw 4 is passed through the reserved hole 211 and threaded into the sleeper 1, ensuring that the self-tapping screw 4 is vertically fixed. The first elastic member 41 on the self-tapping screw 4 is located above the rail bearing plate 21, achieving a flexible connection between the rail bearing plate 21 and the sleeper 1 through elastic support.

[0048] The top of the connecting bolt 62 passes through the clamping frame 5 and is limited by the limiting block 61 within the first protrusion 22 and the second protrusion 23. Then, the second elastic member 621, the clamping frame 5, the third elastic member 622 and the fastening nut 63 are installed in sequence to form a multi-dimensional vibration reduction structure.

[0049] Place the track 3 on the support plate 21, on the opposite side of the first protrusion 22 and the second protrusion 23. Tighten the fastening nut 63 and clamp the two sides of the track 3 with the clamping frame 5. Use the symmetrical arc-shaped clamping surface of the clamping frame 5 to achieve precise positioning of the track 3 on the support assembly 2 and complete the installation.

[0050] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A snap-locking vibration damping fastener, comprising a sleeper (1), wherein a rail (3) is mounted on the sleeper (1) via a rail-supporting assembly (2), characterized in that: The rail support assembly (2) includes a rail support plate (21), on which a first protrusion (22) and a second protrusion (23) are mounted. Clamping frames (5) are respectively mounted on the first protrusion (22) and the second protrusion (23). The rail (3) is mounted on the rail support plate (21) on the opposite side of the first protrusion (22) and the second protrusion (23) through the clamping frames (5). The first protrusion (22) and the second protrusion (23) are respectively provided with a first limiting groove (221) and a second limiting groove (231). A buffer component (6) is installed in both the first limiting groove (221) and the second limiting groove (231). The buffer component (6) is used to relieve the vibration of the clamping frame (5) and the track (3) when they are under pressure.

2. The snap-locking vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buffer assembly (6) includes a limiting block (61), which is installed in the first limiting groove (221) and the second limiting groove (231). The limiting block (61) is provided with a connecting bolt (62), and the top of the connecting bolt (62) passes through the clamping frame (5) and is threaded with a fastening nut (63).

3. A snap-locking vibration damping fastener according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting bolt (62) is fitted with a second elastic element (621) and a third elastic element (622). The second elastic element (621) is located on the opposite side of the limiting block (61) and the clamping frame (5), and the third elastic element (622) is located on the opposite side of the fastening nut (63) and the clamping frame (5).

4. A snap-locking vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support plate (21) is provided with a first drain groove (212) and a second drain groove (213), and the first drain groove (212) and the second drain groove (213) both penetrate the bottom of the first limiting groove (221) and the second limiting groove (231); The rail plate (21) has a reserved hole (211) through which a self-tapping screw (4) passes.

5. A snap-locking vibration damping fastener according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bottom of the self-tapping screw (4) passes through the reserved hole (211) and is threaded into the sleeper (1). The self-tapping screw (4) is fitted with a first elastic element (41), which is located above the rail bearing plate (21).

6. A snap-locking vibration damping fastener according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping frame (5) is used to position the track (3) on the rail bearing assembly (2), and the clamping frame (5) is clamped and installed on both sides of the track (3).

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