A mechanical back-off tool
By designing an intermediate wheel to increase output torque and a triangular anchoring system, the problems of insufficient torque and wing plate damage in complex well conditions of mechanical reverse-clamping tools were solved, achieving efficient retrieval and stable connection, and simplifying operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SIDESTAR (CHENGDU) ENERGY TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing mechanical reverse-clamping tools have low output torque under complex well conditions, cannot securely connect with the fallen fish, are prone to damage to the wing plates, have cumbersome opening methods and are not securely locked, and cannot retrieve male-type fallen objects.
A mechanical buckling tool was designed, comprising an upper connector, a locking sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, a switching component, an anchoring sleeve, a friction sleeve, a power outer cylinder, and a lower connector. It uses an intermediate wheel to increase the output torque, a triangular anchoring method for stable anchoring, a dog wing plate with a carbide gripper, and a self-locking function to retrieve male buckle-type objects.
It achieves efficient expansion of output torque, more stable anchoring, tool self-locking, can firmly connect and retrieve fallen fish, and is easy to maintain and repair.
Smart Images
Figure CN224314947U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of oil and gas well operation tools, and in particular to a mechanical reverse-clamping tool. Background Technology
[0002] Mechanical reverse-threading tools are primarily used in petroleum engineering to handle stuck drill pipe accidents. Their core function is to apply torque to disengage the drill pipe or casing by reverse-threading. Early downhole reverse-threading tools were complex in structure and had strict operational requirements, resulting in high costs and limited torque. However, with continuous technological innovation, researchers have developed self-locking drill string reverse-threading devices, improving tool performance and simplifying operation. Furthermore, for specific needs, such as removing objects with male threaded connections, some new male thread reverse-threading devices have been developed, simplifying the construction process.
[0003] Currently, mechanical reverse-clamping tools are widely used in the fields of oil, natural gas, and coal seam mining. Their advantage lies in the ability to complete reverse-clamping operations without reverse-clamping drill bits, and the retrieval tools have reverse-clamping and withdrawal functions. However, under complex well conditions, such as high torque requirements or harsh environments, they still face significant challenges, such as: (1) existing reverse-clamping tools have relatively low output torque and cannot firmly connect with the fallen fish; (2) the protrusions on the wing plates are relatively soft and easily damaged; (3) the opening method of the wing plates is cumbersome and the locking method is not secure; (4) some tools cannot retrieve male-clamped objects. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a mechanical buckling tool.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:
[0006] A mechanical buckling tool includes, from top to bottom, an upper connector, a locking sleeve, an adjusting sleeve, an upper positioning ring, a switching component, an anchoring sleeve, a friction sleeve, a power outer cylinder, a drop sleeve, and a lower connector. A power spindle is provided in the central cavity of the lower part of the upper connector, the locking sleeve, the adjusting sleeve, the upper positioning ring, the switching component, the anchoring sleeve, the friction sleeve, and the power outer cylinder.
[0007] The switching assembly includes a wing bed, on which multiple sets of dog wing plates are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the middle part. Each dog wing plate includes a fixed wing plate. One side of the fixed wing plate is connected to a pin hole on the outer wall of the wing bed via a second pin. The other side of the fixed wing plate is connected to one side of a supporting wing plate via a third pin. Both the upper and lower ends of the other side of the supporting wing plate are provided with cotter pins. The cotter pin at the upper end is inserted into the upper positioning ring, and the cotter pin at the lower end is inserted into the anchoring sleeve.
[0008] The inner and outer surfaces of the fixed wing plate and the supporting wing plate are both arc-shaped.
[0009] When the dog wing plate is in the closed state, the fixed wing plate and the supporting wing plate are against the outer wall of the wing plate bed; when the dog wing plate is in the open state, the connection between the fixed wing plate and the supporting wing plate is away from the outer wall of the wing plate bed, and the outer wall of the fixed wing plate abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve.
[0010] Furthermore, the outer wall of the fixed wing plate is evenly distributed with multiple round holes, and the round holes are equipped with grippers. When the dog wing plate is in the open state, the grippers abut against the inner wall of the sleeve.
[0011] Furthermore, the number of dog wing plates is 3 sets.
[0012] The lower inner wall of the upper connector is connected to the upper outer wall of the power spindle by a thread, the locking sleeve is connected to the power spindle by a spline, the lower inner wall of the locking sleeve is connected to the upper outer wall of the adjusting sleeve by a thread, a locking nut is provided inside the lower part of the adjusting sleeve, and a sealing ring is provided between the outer wall of the locking nut and the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve.
[0013] Furthermore, the inner wall of the locking nut is connected to the top outer wall of the wing bed by a thread, and the upper positioning ring is fitted onto the upper outer wall of the wing bed.
[0014] Furthermore, the anchoring sleeve is fitted onto the lower outer wall of the wing plate bed, the lower part of the anchoring sleeve is inserted into the upper part of the friction sleeve, and at least one friction ring is installed between the lower outer wall of the anchoring sleeve and the upper inner wall of the friction sleeve.
[0015] The friction sleeve has a gearbox body on its lower inner side. The lower outer wall of the friction sleeve is connected to the upper inner wall of the power cylinder by a spline connection. The lower end of the gearbox body is fixed to the gearbox cover by a set screw.
[0016] Furthermore, the gearbox body is provided with a plurality of first pins, each of which is equipped with a mediator. The teeth of the mediator mesh with the teeth on the outer wall of the power spindle and the teeth on the inner wall of the power outer cylinder.
[0017] Furthermore, a power sleeve is provided below the gearbox cover. The power sleeve is fitted onto the lower outer wall of the power spindle. The outer wall of the power sleeve is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the power outer cylinder. The lower inner wall of the power outer cylinder is threadedly connected to the upper inner wall of the glove-dropping barrel. A sealing spindle is provided between the lower end of the power spindle and the upper end of the glove-dropping barrel. The upper part of the sealing spindle is inserted into the interior of the power spindle, and the lower part of the sealing spindle is inserted into the interior of the glove-dropping barrel. A spring is provided between the outer wall of the sealing spindle and the inner wall of the glove-dropping barrel. The spring is fitted onto the outer wall of the sealing spindle. A protrusion is provided in the middle of the sealing spindle. A groove is provided at the bottom of the power spindle. The upper part of the protrusion matches the shape of the groove. The lower end of the sealing spindle is inserted into the piston. The upper end of the piston is located inside the glove-dropping barrel, and the lower end of the piston is located inside the lower connector. The lower inner wall of the glove-dropping barrel is threadedly connected to the upper inner wall of the lower connector.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the outstanding advantages of this utility model are:
[0019] (1) This utility model mechanical buckling tool addresses the problem of low output torque in existing buckling tools by adding a planetary gear, which can multiply the output torque. Compared with other types of mechanical buckling tools, this utility model tool has a larger transmission ratio, higher efficiency, and a more secure connection with the fish.
[0020] (2) The dog wing plate in the mechanical buckling tool of this utility model is anchored by a triangle, which makes the anchoring more stable and the fish less likely to fall off.
[0021] (3) The mechanical inverted tool of this utility model can be used to retrieve objects that have fallen into the male-shaped trap, and the tool can be self-locking.
[0022] The mechanical buckling tool of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description
[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a mechanical buckling tool.
[0024] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram (upper half) of a mechanical buckling tool, in which both the fixed wing plate and the supporting wing plate are in an unfolded state.
[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical backing tool (lower half).
[0026] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the switching components.
[0027] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the flange bed.
[0028] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the dog wing panel in its closed state.
[0029] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the dog wing panel in the open position.
[0030] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the meshing position between the power spindle and the intermediate wheel.
[0031] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the power spindle.
[0032] Figure 10 This is a left view of the sealing mandrel.
[0033] Among them, 1-upper connector, 2-locking sleeve, 3-adjusting sleeve, 4-locking nut, 5-upper positioning ring, 6-fixed wing plate, 7-supporting wing plate, 8-wing plate bed, 9-power spindle, 10-anchoring sleeve, 11-friction ring, 12-friction sleeve, 13-first pin, 14-intermediate wheel, 15-gearbox body, 16-gearbox cover, 17-switching assembly, 18-power sleeve, 19-power outer cylinder, 20-sealing spindle, 21-spring, 22-discarding sleeve, 23-piston, 24-lower connector, 25-set screw, 26-gripper, 40-second pin, 41-third pin, 42-cotter pin, 91-slot, 201-protrusion. Detailed Implementation
[0034] Unless otherwise specified, "above," "upper end," "front end," and "upper part" in this article refer to... Figure 1-4 , Figure 9 The left side, bottom, lower end, rear end, and rear part represent the middle. Figure 1-4 , Figure 9 On the right side of the middle.
[0035] like Figure 1-10 As shown, a mechanical buckling tool includes, from top to bottom, an upper connector 1, a locking sleeve 2, an adjusting sleeve 3, an upper positioning ring 5, a switching component 17, an anchoring sleeve 10, a friction sleeve 12, a power outer cylinder 19, a drop sleeve 22, and a lower connector 24. A power spindle 9 is provided in the central cavity of the lower part of the upper connector 1, the locking sleeve 2, the adjusting sleeve 3, the upper positioning ring 5, the switching component 17, the anchoring sleeve 10, the friction sleeve 12, and the power outer cylinder 19.
[0036] The switching assembly 17 includes a wing bed 8, on which multiple sets of dog wing plates are evenly distributed on the outer wall of the middle part of the wing bed 8. Each dog wing plate includes a fixed wing plate 6. One side of the fixed wing plate 6 is connected to a pin hole on the outer wall of the wing bed 8 through a second pin 40. The other side of the fixed wing plate 6 is connected to one side of a supporting wing plate 7 through a third pin 41. Both the upper and lower ends of the other side of the supporting wing plate 7 are provided with cotter pins 42. The cotter pin 42 at the upper end is inserted into the upper positioning ring 5, and the cotter pin 42 at the lower end is inserted into the anchoring sleeve 10.
[0037] The inner and outer surfaces of the fixed wing plate 6 and the supporting wing plate 7 are both arc-shaped. When the dog wing plate is in the closed state, the fixed wing plate 6 and the supporting wing plate 7 are against the outer wall of the wing plate bed 8. When the dog wing plate is in the open state, the connection between the fixed wing plate 6 and the supporting wing plate 7 is away from the outer wall of the wing plate bed 8, and the outer wall of the fixed wing plate 6 abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve.
[0038] Multiple circular holes are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the fixed wing plate 6. Each circular hole contains a gripper 26. When the dog wing plate is in the open state, the gripper 26 abuts against the inner wall surface of the sleeve. There are three sets of dog wing plates.
[0039] To address the issue of easily damaged protrusions (i.e. grippers), gripper 26 uses a harder carbide and has a circular cross-section, which can better grip fish that have fallen in and is less prone to damage.
[0040] The lower inner wall of the upper connector 1 is threaded to the upper outer wall of the power spindle 9. The locking sleeve 2 is splined to the power spindle 9. The lower inner wall of the locking sleeve 2 is threaded to the upper outer wall of the adjusting sleeve 3. A locking nut 4 is provided inside the lower part of the adjusting sleeve 3. A sealing ring is provided between the outer wall of the locking nut 4 and the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve 3. The inner wall of the locking nut 4 is threaded to the upper outer wall of the wing bed 8. The upper positioning ring 5 is fitted onto the upper outer wall of the wing bed 8.
[0041] Anchor sleeve 10 is fitted onto the lower outer wall of flange bed 8. The lower part of anchor sleeve 10 is inserted into the upper part of friction sleeve 12. Two friction rings 11 are installed between the lower outer wall of anchor sleeve 10 and the upper inner wall of friction sleeve 12.
[0042] When the upper connector 1 is input with positive torque, it drives the power spindle 9, locking sleeve 2 and adjusting sleeve 3 to rotate in the positive direction. Because there is a sealing ring between the locking nut 4 and the adjusting sleeve 3, and a friction ring 11 between the anchoring sleeve 10 and the friction sleeve 12, when the dog wing plate is not open, the locking nut 4 also rotates in the positive direction due to the friction of the sealing ring, which in turn drives the wing plate bed 8 to rotate in the positive direction. Since the upper positioning ring 5 and the anchoring sleeve 10 do not rotate, the dog wing plate is gradually opened. After the outer wall of the fixed wing plate 6 abuts against the inner wall of the sleeve, the friction between the fixed wing plate 6 and the inner wall of the sleeve is much greater than the friction between the locking nut 4 and the adjusting sleeve 3. At this time, the locking nut 4 stops rotating, and the wing plate bed 8 stops rotating.
[0043] A gearbox body 15 is provided on the lower inner side of the friction sleeve 12. The lower outer wall surface of the friction sleeve 12 is connected to the upper inner wall surface of the power outer cylinder 19 by a spline connection. The lower end of the gearbox body 15 is fixed to the gearbox cover 16 by a set screw 25.
[0044] Multiple first pins 13 are evenly distributed inside the gearbox 15. Each first pin 13 is equipped with a gear 14. The teeth of the gear 14 mesh with the teeth on the outer wall of the power spindle 9 and the teeth on the inner wall of the power outer cylinder 19.
[0045] When the upper connector 1 is input with positive torque, it drives the power spindle 9 to rotate in the forward direction. At this time, through the meshing transmission of the intermediate wheel 14, the power outer cylinder 19 outputs reverse torque. Moreover, since the intermediate wheel 14 is a small gear, the torque is amplified by multiples.
[0046] A power sleeve 18 is provided below the gearbox cover 16. The power sleeve 18 is fitted onto the lower outer wall of the power spindle 9. The outer wall of the power sleeve 18 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the power outer cylinder 19. The lower inner wall of the power outer cylinder 19 is threadedly connected to the upper inner wall of the glove-dropping sleeve 22. A sealing spindle 20 is provided between the lower end of the power spindle 9 and the upper end of the glove-dropping sleeve 22. The upper part of the sealing spindle 20 is inserted into the interior of the power spindle 9, and the lower part of the sealing spindle 20 is inserted into the interior of the glove-dropping sleeve 22. The outer wall of the sealing spindle 20... A spring 21 is provided between the inner wall of the casting sleeve 22 and the outer wall of the sealing mandrel 20. The spring 21 is sleeved on the outer wall of the sealing mandrel 20. The sealing mandrel 20 has a protrusion 201 in the middle. The bottom of the power mandrel 9 has a groove 91. The upper part of the protrusion 201 is adapted to the shape of the groove 91. The lower end of the sealing mandrel 20 is inserted into the piston 23. The upper end of the piston 23 is located inside the casting sleeve 22, and the lower end of the piston 23 is located inside the lower connector 24. The lower inner wall of the casting sleeve 22 and the upper inner wall of the lower connector 24 are connected by threads. The lower end of the lower connector 24 has a reverse thread for retrieving fallen fish.
[0047] Because the power cylinder 19 outputs amplified reverse torque, it drives the throwing sleeve 22 and the lower connector 24 to output reverse torque, thus retrieving the fallen fish. After the retrieval is completed, the ball enters the throwing seat and is pressed inward. At this time, the piston 23 moves upward, which in turn pushes the spring 21. The spring 21 pushes the sealing spindle 20 upward. The upper part of the protrusion 201 of the sealing spindle 20 is inserted into the slot 91 of the power spindle 9. At this time, the sealing spindle 20 locks the power spindle 9 and the throwing sleeve 22 together, making the entire tool a whole. The upper connector 1 inputs positive torque, and the lower connector 24 also outputs positive torque.
[0048] This tool can quickly and efficiently retrieve fallen fish. Thanks to the presence of the reel, the transmission ratio is large and efficient, maximizing the input torque and ensuring a better connection with the fish. Because it is entirely mechanical, maintenance and repair are also much easier.
[0049] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model. They should not be construed as limitations on the present utility model. Any modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present utility model by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present utility model should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A mechanical buckling tool, characterized in that: The device includes, from top to bottom, an upper connector (1), a locking sleeve (2), an adjusting sleeve (3), an upper positioning ring (5), a switching assembly (17), an anchoring sleeve (10), a friction sleeve (12), a power outer cylinder (19), a drop sleeve (22), and a lower connector (24). A power spindle (9) is provided in the central cavity of the lower part of the upper connector (1), the locking sleeve (2), the adjusting sleeve (3), the upper positioning ring (5), the switching assembly (17), the anchoring sleeve (10), the friction sleeve (12), and the power outer cylinder (19). The switching assembly (17) includes a wing bed (8), and multiple dog wing plates are evenly distributed on the outer wall surface of the middle part of the wing bed (8). Each dog wing plate includes a fixed wing plate (6). One side of the fixed wing plate (6) is connected to the pin hole on the outer wall surface of the wing bed (8) through a second pin (40). The other side of the fixed wing plate (6) is connected to one side of the supporting wing plate (7) through a third pin (41). Both the upper and lower ends of the other side of the supporting wing plate (7) are provided with cotter pins (42). The cotter pin (42) at the upper end is inserted into the upper positioning ring (5), and the cotter pin (42) at the lower end is inserted into the anchoring sleeve (10).
2. The mechanical buckling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner and outer surfaces of the fixed wing plate (6) and the supporting wing plate (7) are both arc-shaped. When the dog wing plate is in the closed state, the fixed wing plate (6) and the supporting wing plate (7) are against the outer wall of the wing plate bed (8); when the dog wing plate is in the open state, the connection between the fixed wing plate (6) and the supporting wing plate (7) is away from the outer wall of the wing plate bed (8), and the outer wall of the fixed wing plate (6) is against the inner wall of the sleeve.
3. The mechanical buckling tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the fixed wing plate (6) is evenly distributed with multiple round holes, and the round holes are equipped with grippers (26). When the dog wing plate is in the open state, the grippers (26) abut against the inner wall of the sleeve.
4. The mechanical undercutting tool according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of dog wing plates is 3 sets.
5. The mechanical buckling tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower inner wall of the upper connector (1) is connected to the upper outer wall of the power spindle (9) by a thread. The locking sleeve (2) is connected to the power spindle (9) by a spline. The lower inner wall of the locking sleeve (2) is connected to the upper outer wall of the adjusting sleeve (3) by a thread. The lower part of the adjusting sleeve (3) is provided with a locking nut (4). A sealing ring is provided between the outer wall of the locking nut (4) and the inner wall of the adjusting sleeve (3).
6. The mechanical buckling tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the locking nut (4) is connected to the top outer wall of the wing bed (8) by a thread, and the upper positioning ring (5) is fitted onto the upper outer wall of the wing bed (8).
7. The mechanical buckling tool according to claim 6, characterized in that: The anchoring sleeve (10) is fitted onto the lower outer wall of the wing bed (8), and the lower part of the anchoring sleeve (10) is inserted into the upper part of the friction sleeve (12). At least one friction ring (11) is installed between the lower outer wall of the anchoring sleeve (10) and the upper inner wall of the friction sleeve (12).
8. The mechanical undercutting tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower inner side of the friction sleeve (12) is provided with a gearbox body (15). The lower outer wall of the friction sleeve (12) and the upper inner wall of the power outer cylinder (19) are connected by a spline. The lower end of the gearbox body (15) is fixed to the gearbox cover (16) by a set screw (25).
9. The mechanical undercutting tool according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gearbox body (15) is provided with a plurality of first pins (13), each of which is equipped with a mediator (14). The teeth of the mediator (14) mesh with the teeth on the outer wall of the power spindle (9) and the teeth on the inner wall of the power outer cylinder (19).
10. The mechanical undercutting tool according to claim 9, characterized in that: A power sleeve (18) is provided below the gearbox cover (16). The power sleeve (18) is fitted onto the lower outer wall of the power spindle (9). The outer wall of the power sleeve (18) is threaded to the inner wall of the power outer cylinder (19). The lower inner wall of the power outer cylinder (19) is threaded to the upper inner wall of the glove-dropping sleeve (22). A sealing spindle (20) is provided between the lower end of the power spindle (9) and the upper end of the glove-dropping sleeve (22). The upper part of the sealing spindle (20) is inserted into the interior of the power spindle (9), and the lower part of the sealing spindle (20) is inserted into the interior of the glove-dropping sleeve (22). The outer wall of the sealing spindle (20) is threaded to the lower end of the power spindle (9). A spring (21) is provided between the inner wall of the glove-dropping sleeve (22) and the outer wall of the sealing mandrel (20). The sealing mandrel (20) has a protrusion (201) in the middle and a groove (91) at the bottom of the power mandrel (9). The upper part of the protrusion (201) is adapted to the shape of the groove (91). The lower end of the sealing mandrel (20) is inserted into the piston (23). The upper end of the piston (23) is located inside the glove-dropping sleeve (22), and the lower end of the piston (23) is located inside the lower connector (24). The lower inner wall of the glove-dropping sleeve (22) and the upper inner wall of the lower connector (24) are connected by threads.