Coal mine goaf roof breaking device
By improving the structure of the ball joint and the arrangement of the column jacks, the problem of the roof not collapsing in the goaf of the coal mine was solved, the roof breaking efficiency and the stability of the device were improved, and the service life was extended.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANDI NINGXIA SUPPORTING EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-02
AI Technical Summary
The problem of the roof not collapsing in the goaf of existing coal mines has led to the cessation of coal mining operations. The ball joints of existing equipment suffer from severe friction, have short service life, are difficult to lubricate, and affect the efficiency of roof breaking.
A new ball joint structure is adopted, including a ball head seat, a ball head body, a ball head connecting rod, and a ball head cap. Through threaded connection and lubrication design, friction is reduced and sliding condition is improved. At the same time, the arrangement of column jacks is increased to expand the range of jacking.
It improves the lifespan and breaking efficiency of the ball joint, reduces friction, enhances the stability and breaking range of the device, and solves the problems of severe friction and poor stability of existing devices.
Smart Images
Figure CN224314979U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal mine roof breaking technology, and in particular to a coal mine goaf breaking device. Background Technology
[0002] If the roof of the goaf in the longwall mining face of a coal mine does not collapse or the overhang distance exceeds the provisions of the operating procedures, coal mining must be stopped and manual forced roof caving or other measures must be taken to deal with the situation.
[0003] Authorized publication number CN119288483B discloses a coal caving end support for a top coal caving face, including a support body and a roof breaking device. The support body includes a top beam and a base; the roof breaking device includes a column base, an impact column, and a column jack; the column base is connected to the rear of the base, the impact column is rotatably mounted on the column base, and the column jack is connected between the column base and the impact column. The column jack is used to adjust the pitch angle of the column jack, and the impact column can realize roof breaking operation.
[0004] The end support uses a single column jack, which can only achieve the forward and backward swinging of the impact column. In order to expand the impact column's breaking range and achieve the left and right swinging of the impact column, one or more column jacks are added in the design, and the column jacks are connected to the impact column using a ball joint. A typical ball joint structure includes a ball head seat and a ball head connecting rod. The ball head of the ball head connecting rod is housed in the ball socket of the ball head seat. In this type of ball joint, the gap between the ball socket and the ball head is very small, making it difficult to inject lubricating oil. The ball head and the ball socket experience severe friction, resulting in a short service life. Summary of the Invention
[0005] In view of this, and to address the above-mentioned shortcomings, it is necessary to propose a roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas.
[0006] A roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas includes a roof-breaking assembly. The assembly includes a column base, column jacks, an impact column, a first ball joint, and a second ball joint. The fixed end of the impact column is connected to the column base via the first ball joint, and the telescopic end of the impact column extends freely upwards. At least two column jacks are arranged circumferentially along the impact column. The fixed end of each column jack is connected to the column base via the second ball joint, and the telescopic end of each column jack is connected to the fixed end of the impact column via the second ball joint. The second ball joint includes a ball head seat, a ball head body, a ball head connecting rod, and a ball head cap. The ball head seat is cylindrical, and its bottom surface is connected to the impact column or column base. The top surface of the ball head seat is provided with a hemispherical socket. The diameter of the ball head body is equal to the diameter of the socket. The first end of the ball head connecting rod is connected to the fixed end or telescopic end of the column jack. The second end of the ball head connecting rod is connected to the ball head body. The ball head cover is open at both ends. The inner ring wall of the first end of the ball head cover is threaded to the outer ring wall of the ball head seat. The second end of the ball head cover is provided with an installation hole for the ball head connecting rod to be fitted. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the outer diameter of the ball head connecting rod and smaller than the diameter of the ball head body.
[0007] Preferably, a column jack is installed at each of the three quarter points around the circumference of the impact column.
[0008] Preferably, the top-breaking assembly includes a sliding sleeve that can slide along the axial direction of the impact column, and the bottom surface of the ball head seat is connected to the sliding sleeve.
[0009] Preferably, the top-breaking assembly includes an adjusting plate, the bottom surface of the ball head seat is connected to the first end of the adjusting plate, and the second end of the adjusting plate is connected to the sliding sleeve.
[0010] Preferably, the length of the adjusting plate is less than the distance between the fixed end of the column jack and the fixed end of the impact column.
[0011] Preferably, the top-breaking assembly includes an adjusting plate and an adjusting jack. One side of the adjusting plate is hinged to the column base, the other side of the adjusting plate is hinged to the telescopic end of the adjusting jack, and the fixed end of the adjusting jack is hinged to the column base.
[0012] Preferably, the coal mine goaf breaking device includes a unit support, which includes a top beam and a support jack. The telescopic end of the support jack is connected to the top beam, and the fixed end of the support jack is connected to the column base.
[0013] Preferably, the top beam is connected to the telescopic end of the supporting jack by a first ball joint.
[0014] Preferably, the column base is connected to the fixed end of the supporting jack by a first ball joint.
[0015] Preferably, the unit support includes a clamp, and the support jack is connected to the column base through the clamp.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0017] The small contact area between the ball head and the ball seat reduces friction; the ball head cover and the ball seat are connected by threads, making it easy to achieve a zero-clearance fit between them; the large cavity between the ball head cover and the ball seat accommodates lubricating grease, which helps improve the sliding state between them. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the roof-breaking device in the goaf of the coal mine.
[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial view of the ball joint cap of the second ball joint in a disassembled state.
[0020] In the diagram: 10. Top breaking component, 11. Column base, 12. Column jack, 13. Impact column, 14. First ball joint, 15. Second ball joint, 151. Ball head seat, 152. Ball head body, 153. Ball head connecting rod, 154. Ball head cover, 16. Sliding sleeve, 17. Adjusting plate, 18. Adjusting plate, 19. Adjusting jack, 20. Unit support, 21. Top beam, 22. Support jack. Detailed Implementation
[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0022] See Figure 1 , Figure 2This utility model provides a roof-breaking device for coal mine goaf areas, including a roof-breaking assembly 10. The roof-breaking assembly 10 includes a column base 11, column jacks 12, an impact column 13, a first ball joint 14, and a second ball joint 15. The fixed end of the impact column 13 is connected to the column base 11 via the first ball joint 14, and the telescopic end of the impact column 13 extends freely upward. At least two column jacks 12 are arranged circumferentially along the impact column 13. The fixed end of the column jack 12 is connected to the column base 11 via the second ball joint 15, and the telescopic end of the column jack 12 is connected to the fixed end of the impact column 13 via the second ball joint 15. The second ball joint 15 includes a ball head seat 151, a ball head body 152, and a ball head. The connecting rod 153, ball head cap 154, and ball head seat 151 are cylindrical. The bottom surface of the ball head seat 151 is connected to the impact column 13 or column seat 11. The top surface of the ball head seat 151 is provided with a hemispherical socket. The diameter of the ball head body 152 is equal to the diameter of the socket. The first end of the ball head connecting rod 153 is connected to the fixed end or telescopic end of the column jack 12. The second end of the ball head connecting rod 153 is connected to the ball head body 152. The ball head cap 154 is open at both ends. The inner ring wall of the first end of the ball head cap 154 is threaded to the outer ring wall of the ball head seat 151. The second end of the ball head cap 154 is provided with an installation hole that can be fitted into the ball head connecting rod 153. The diameter of the installation hole is larger than the outer diameter of the ball head connecting rod 153 and smaller than the diameter of the ball head body 152.
[0023] For example, the impact column 13 is a jack, and a cone-shaped breaker hammer is installed at the telescopic end of the impact column 13. Its specific structure is not limited.
[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0025] The small contact area between the ball head 152 and the ball head seat 151 reduces friction; the ball head cover 154 and the ball head seat 151 are connected by threads, making it easy to achieve a zero-clearance fit between the ball head cover 154 and the ball head 152; the large cavity between the ball head cover 154 and the ball head seat 151 accommodates lubricating grease, which helps improve the sliding state between the ball head 152 and the ball head seat 151.
[0026] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, a column jack 12 is installed at each of the three quarter points around the impact column 13.
[0027] The range of impact column 13 can also be expanded by moving the column base 11 left and right. However, the column base 11 has poor stability when facing complex bottom surfaces.
[0028] For example, the first ball joint 14 has a large load-bearing capacity, while the second ball joint 15 has a small load-bearing capacity. The first ball joint 14 may be the same as the second ball joint 15, or it may be a general ball joint structure, such as the ball joint disclosed in patent announcement number CN217502272U.
[0029] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the top-breaking component 10 includes a sliding sleeve 16, which can slide along the axial direction of the impact column 13, and the bottom surface of the ball head seat 151 is connected to the sliding sleeve 16.
[0030] The addition of a sliding sleeve 16 can prevent the impact column 13 from detaching from the column base 11 under the combined force of the column jack 12.
[0031] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the top-breaking assembly 10 includes an adjusting plate 17, the bottom surface of the ball head seat 151 is connected to the first end of the adjusting plate 17, and the second end of the adjusting plate 17 is connected to the sliding sleeve 16.
[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the length of the adjusting plate 17 is less than the distance between the fixed end of the column jack 12 and the fixed end of the impact column 13.
[0033] The adjustable plate 17, impact column 13, column jack 12, and column base 11 form a trapezoidal design that is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which can maximize the swing angle of the impact column 13.
[0034] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the roof-breaking assembly 10 includes an adjusting plate 18 and an adjusting jack 19. One side of the adjusting plate 18 is hinged to the column base 11, and the other side of the adjusting plate 18 is hinged to the telescopic end of the adjusting jack 19. The fixed end of the adjusting jack 19 is hinged to the column base 11.
[0035] For example, an adjustment plate 18 is provided on each side of the column base 11, and an adjustment jack 19 is provided for each adjustment plate 18. The adjustment jack 19 can independently adjust the stress state of the column base 11.
[0036] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the coal mine goaf breaking device includes a unit support 20, which includes a top beam 21 and a support jack 22. The telescopic end of the support jack 22 is connected to the top beam 21, and the fixed end of the support jack 22 is connected to the column base 11.
[0037] The support jack 22 is hinged to the column base 11 and the top beam 21, and can also be rotatably connected. The support jack 22 can swing back and forth and left and right relative to the column base 11 or the top beam 21.
[0038] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the top beam 21 is connected to the telescopic end of the supporting jack 22 by the first ball joint 14.
[0039] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the column base 11 is connected to the fixed end of the supporting jack 22 by the first ball joint 14.
[0040] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 Furthermore, the unit support 20 includes clamps, and the supporting jack 22 is connected to the column base 11 via the clamps. The clamp structure can adopt an existing design.
[0041] In use: the support jack 22 extends, the top beam 21 supports the top plate, the angle of the impact column 13 is adjusted by the column jack 12, the side adjustment plate 18 is unfolded, the force on the column seat 11 is adjusted by the adjustment jack 19, the impact column 13 extends, and the breaker hammer is driven to carry out the roof breaking operation.
[0042] The modules or units in the device of this utility model embodiment can be merged, divided, or deleted according to actual needs.
[0043] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can understand that implementing all or part of the above-described embodiments and making equivalent changes in accordance with the claims of the present utility model are still within the scope of the utility model.
Claims
1. A roof-breaking device for goaf areas in coal mines, characterized in that: The system includes a roof-breaking assembly, comprising a column base, column jacks, an impact column, a first ball joint, and a second ball joint. The fixed end of the impact column is connected to the column base via the first ball joint, and the telescopic end of the impact column extends freely upwards. At least two column jacks are arranged circumferentially along the impact column. The fixed end of each column jack is connected to the column base via the second ball joint, and the telescopic end of each column jack is connected to the fixed end of the impact column via the second ball joint. The second ball joint includes a ball head seat, a ball head body, a ball head connecting rod, and a ball head cap. The ball head seat... The ball head is cylindrical, with its bottom surface connected to an impact column or column base. The top surface of the ball head has a hemispherical recess, and the diameter of the ball head body is equal to the diameter of the recess. The first end of the ball head connecting rod is connected to the fixed or telescopic end of the column jack, and the second end of the ball head connecting rod is connected to the ball head body. The ball head cover has openings at both ends. The inner ring wall of the first end of the ball head cover is threaded into the outer ring wall of the ball head seat. The second end of the ball head cover has an mounting hole for the ball head connecting rod, the diameter of which is larger than the outer diameter of the ball head connecting rod and smaller than the diameter of the ball head body.
2. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A column jack is installed at each of the three quarter points around the circumference of the impact column.
3. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top-breaking assembly includes a sliding sleeve that can slide along the axial direction of the impact column, and the bottom surface of the ball head seat is connected to the sliding sleeve.
4. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The top-breaking assembly includes an adjusting plate, the bottom surface of the ball head seat is connected to the first end of the adjusting plate, and the second end of the adjusting plate is connected to the sliding sleeve.
5. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The length of the adjusting plate is less than the distance between the fixed end of the column jack and the fixed end of the impact column.
6. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The roof-breaking assembly includes an adjusting plate and an adjusting jack. One side of the adjusting plate is hinged to the column base, and the other side of the adjusting plate is hinged to the telescopic end of the adjusting jack. The fixed end of the adjusting jack is hinged to the column base.
7. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The coal mine goaf breaking device includes a unit support, which includes a top beam and a support jack. The telescopic end of the support jack is connected to the top beam, and the fixed end of the support jack is connected to the column base.
8. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The top beam is connected to the telescopic end of the supporting jack by a first ball joint.
9. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The column base is connected to the fixed end of the supporting jack by a first ball joint.
10. The coal mine goaf breaking device as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The unit support includes clamps, and the support jack is connected to the column base through the clamps.