TBM no pilot hole stepping launching device

Abstract

This invention relates to a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) stepping launching device without a pilot tunnel, belonging to the field of TBM tunnel engineering technology. The device includes a TBM main unit, with its bottom mounted on a stepping mechanism. The stepping mechanism comprises a stepping base, stepping slide rails, stepping guide wheels, and stepping cylinders. The stepping base has a box-shaped structure with a pentagonal cross-section. The stepping guide wheels are mounted below the stepping base and cooperate with the stepping slide rails, allowing the stepping base to move the TBM main unit along the slide rails. Two stepping cylinders are respectively located on both sides of the stepping slide rails, clamping the slide rails and connecting to the rear end of the stepping base to provide stepping power. This invention combines the stepping and launching functions of the TBM, solving the waste caused by the large amount of manpower and resources required for the construction of a launching chamber in existing TBM launching systems.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of TBM tunnel engineering technology, specifically relating to a TBM pilot tunnel step-start device. Background Technology

[0002] Full-face rock tunnel boring machines (TBMs) are highly intelligent, integrated mechanical, electrical, hydraulic, optical, and computer-based major technical equipment for tunnel construction. With the accelerating pace of TBM localization, TBMs are being used in a large number of key domestic engineering projects, such as subway construction, urban utility tunnels, and pumped storage power stations. TBMs, with their numerous advantages including green construction, high efficiency, and safety, are adding significant value to China's reputation as a major power in engineering.

[0003] A typical shield-type TBM mainly consists of two parts: the main unit and the supporting equipment. The main unit includes core components such as the cutterhead, main drive, and shield. The conventional launching method requires excavating, lining, and reinforcing a launching tunnel at the launching location. After assembling the TBM in front of the launching tunnel, the supporting shoes tighten the reinforced launching tunnel, and excavation begins.

[0004] The conventional shield-type TBM launch and assembly chambers are excavated using the drill-and-blast method. After excavation, secondary shotcreting is required, which increases the civil engineering workload of the project, wastes a lot of manpower and resources, and takes a long time, thus delaying the entire project schedule. Utility Model Content

[0005] This invention addresses the aforementioned problems and overcomes the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a TBM step-starting device without a guide tunnel. This invention can combine the stepping and starting functions of a TBM, solving the waste caused by the large amount of manpower and resources required to construct a starting chamber when starting a TBM.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] This utility model provides a TBM stepper initiation device without guide holes, including a TBM main unit. The TBM main unit is mounted on a stepping mechanism at its bottom. The stepping mechanism includes a stepping base, a stepping slide rail, stepping guide wheels, and stepping cylinders. The stepping base has a box-shaped structure with a pentagonal cross-section. The stepping guide wheels are mounted below the stepping base and cooperate with the stepping slide rail, enabling the stepping base to move the TBM main unit along the stepping slide rail. Two stepping cylinders are respectively disposed on the stepping slide rail on both sides, clamping the stepping slide rail while also connecting to the rear end of the stepping base to provide stepping power.

[0008] Furthermore, the stepper base is composed of multiple stepper sub-bases with the same structure, and two adjacent stepper sub-bases are connected by bolts and nuts.

[0009] Furthermore, the stepping cylinder is composed of a stepping advance cylinder and a stepping clamping cylinder connected to each other. The front end of the stepping advance cylinder is connected to the rear end of the stepping base, and the stepping clamping cylinder clamps the stepping slide rail.

[0010] Furthermore, the stepping mechanism also includes a stepping stop plate. The stepping base is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the stepping stop plate, so that the mounting position of the stepping stop plate is adjustable and can be attached to the rear of the support shield of the TBM host after installation.

[0011] Furthermore, the stepping stop plate is a T-shaped steel structure.

[0012] Furthermore, the front shield and the support shield of the TBM host are also connected to TBM anti-torsion plates on both sides to prevent the TBM host from twisting and rolling.

[0013] Furthermore, the TBM anti-torsion plate is a trapezoidal steel plate structure.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model.

[0015] The stepping mechanism of this invention can also be used as a launching tool. The launching tool can move together with the TBM host, integrating the stepping and launching functions of the TBM. This solves the problem that existing TBMs require a lot of manpower and resources to construct the launching chamber when launching, eliminating the excavation and lining of the launching chamber and reducing the amount of civil construction work. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions, and the beneficial effects of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall front view of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the stepping mechanism of this utility model.

[0021] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1 is the TBM main unit, 2 is the stepper base, 3 is the stepper slide rail, 4 is the stepper guide wheel, 5 is the stepper cylinder, 6 is the stepper sub-base, 7 is the stepper propulsion cylinder, 8 is the stepper clamping cylinder, 9 is the stepper stop plate, 10 is the support shield, 11 is the front shield, 12 is the TBM anti-torsion plate, and 13 is the TBM propulsion cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0022] As shown in the accompanying drawings, this embodiment provides a TBM tunnelless stepping initiation device, including a TBM main unit 1. The TBM main unit 1 includes core key components such as a cutterhead, a front shield 11, a TBM propulsion cylinder 13, and a tensioning shield 10. It is a conventional existing structure, and the specific structure will not be described in detail.

[0023] The bottom of the TBM main unit 1 is mounted on the stepper mechanism, which can also serve as a starting fixture. The starting fixture can move together with the TBM main unit 1, thus integrating the TBM stepping and starting functions.

[0024] The stepping mechanism includes a stepping base 2, a stepping slide rail 3, a stepping guide wheel 4, a stepping cylinder 5, and a stepping stop plate 9.

[0025] The stepping base 2 has a box-shaped structure, consisting of multiple identical stepping sub-bases 6, which facilitates production, transportation, installation, and maintenance. Adjacent stepping sub-bases 6 are connected by bolts and nuts. The stepping base 2 has a pentagonal cross-section, with its two sloping sides serving both to support the shield and to accommodate the casters of the rear-mounted trolley.

[0026] The stepper slide rail 3 is laid in the stepper assembly chamber, from the installation position to the starting position. The stepper guide wheel 4 is a steel cylindrical structure, installed below the stepper base 2 and clamping the stepper slide rail 3 on the left and right sides, providing guidance for the stepper base 2 and TBM host 1 to step. The stepper base 2 can carry the TBM host 1 to move along the stepper slide rail 3.

[0027] There are two stepper cylinders 5, which are respectively set on the stepper slide rails 3 on both sides. The stepper cylinder 5 consists of a stepper push cylinder 7 and a stepper clamping cylinder 8 connected to each other. The front end of the stepper push cylinder 7 is connected to the rear end of the stepper base 2, and the stepper clamping cylinder 8 clamps the stepper slide rail 3. The stepper cylinder 5 provides the stepping power.

[0028] The stepping stop plate 9 is a T-shaped steel structure. The stepping base 2 is provided with multiple mounting holes for installing the stepping stop plate 9, so that the installation position of the stepping stop plate 9 can be adjusted. After installation, it can be attached to the rear of the support shield 10 of the TBM host 1, which can provide support reaction force for the TBM host 1 to start, and can also propel the TBM host 1 forward during stepping.

[0029] TBM anti-torsion plates 12 are also connected to both sides of the front shield 11 and the tension shield 10 of the TBM main unit 1. The TBM anti-torsion plate 12 is a trapezoidal steel plate structure to prevent the TBM main unit 1 from twisting and rolling. As the TBM main unit 1 enters the tunnel, the TBM anti-torsion plate 12 is gradually removed until the main unit is completely in the tunnel.

[0030] Once the TBM main unit 1 steps to the starting position, the front and rear ends of the stepping cylinder 5 can be separated from the stepping mechanism and the stepping slide rail 3. The front end of the stepping cylinder 5 can be connected to the tail end of the tensioning shield 10, and the clamping cylinder can clamp the rail. At this time, the stepping mechanism switches to the starting mode.

[0031] After the stepping cylinder 5 and the stepping stop plate 9 hold the TBM main unit 1 in place, the TBM propulsion cylinder 13 can be used to start the excavation. After completing one excavation cycle, the TBM propulsion cylinder 13 can be used to pull the shield 10 forward to tighten it, while the stepping cylinder 5 can be used to push the shield 10 forward to tighten it. After the TBM propulsion cylinder 13 is fully retracted, the stepping stop plate 9 and the stepping cylinder 5 can be moved forward. This completes one starting cycle. This step can be repeated until the TBM support shoe can fully tighten the tunnel wall, thus completing the TBM starting operation.

[0032] The installation and use of the entire device are as follows:

[0033] 1. Stepper base 2 assembly:

[0034] Take out each stepping base 6 welded from steel plates. According to the pre-designed layout, thoroughly clean the connecting parts of adjacent stepping bases 6 and tighten them with bolts and nuts to ensure tight splicing and form a stable and reliable bearing plane. Check whether the inclined side of the shield supporting the TBM host 1 is on the same plane.

[0035] 2. Stepper mechanism installation and guide wheel adjustment:

[0036] Place the stepper base 2 entirely on the stepper slide rail 3. After installation, gently push the stepper base 2 a short distance on the slide rail and feel its smoothness by hand. If you notice any jamming, check if the guide wheel is loose or if there are any foreign objects on the slide rail surface, and make adjustments as needed.

[0037] 3. TBM Main Unit 1 Installation:

[0038] Install the TBM host 1 on the stepper base 2, so that the front shield 11 and the tension shield 10 are placed precisely on the inclined surfaces on both sides of the stepper base 2.

[0039] 4. TBM anti-torsion plate 12 installation:

[0040] Before installing the TBM anti-torsion plate 12, a sandblasting machine is used to thoroughly remove rust from both sides of the front shield 11 and the tension shield 10, as well as the connection parts of the anti-torsion plate. After installation, a visual inspection is carried out to effectively ensure that the TBM main unit 1 does not twist during operation.

[0041] 5. Installation of stepper stop plate 9:

[0042] Based on the distribution of mounting holes on the upper plane of the stepper base 2, select high-strength screws to firmly lock the stepper stop plate 9 in the corresponding position, ensuring that the stepper stop plate 9 is tightly connected to the stepper base 2, so that it can stably play its role in supporting reaction force and assisting propulsion during subsequent construction.

[0043] 6. Connection and power adjustment of stepper cylinder 5:

[0044] High-strength bolts are used to reliably connect the front end of the stepping cylinder 7 of the stepping cylinder 5 to the rear of the stepping base 2. The bolts are tightened with a torque wrench to the specified torque to ensure a firm connection. At the same time, the clamping stroke and pressure of the stepping clamping cylinder 8 are finely adjusted and monitored in real time with the help of a pressure sensor to ensure that it fits tightly against the side of the stepping slide rail 3, thus activating a stable and reliable stepping power for the entire device.

[0045] The stepping operation begins here. After the stepping cylinder 5 moves the TBM main unit 1 to the launch surface, preparations for launch begin.

[0046] 7. Mode Conversion Preparation:

[0047] After the TBM host 1 has steadily advanced to the starting position according to the above debugging and trial operation steps, it shall be stopped for inspection to ensure that there is no abnormal wear on each component and that the connection parts are firm and reliable. The corresponding disassembly and installation tools shall be prepared to make full preparations for the connection and conversion of the stepper cylinder 5.

[0048] 8. Stepper cylinder 5 connection conversion:

[0049] First, loosen the high-strength bolts connecting the front end of the stepper cylinder 7 to the rear end of the stepper base 2 in the reverse direction to separate the front end of the stepper cylinder 7 from the stepper base 2. Then, move the front end of the stepper cylinder 7 to the tail of the support shield 10, align it with the pre-designed connection hole, connect it with new high-strength bolts, and tighten it again with a torque wrench according to the specified torque to ensure a stable connection.

[0050] For the stepping clamping cylinder 8, it is released from its original clamping state with the stepping slide rail 3. The position and angle of the stepping clamping cylinder 8 are adjusted so that it can be tightly clamped with the steel rail laid at the bottom of the tunnel. The clamping force of the stepping clamping cylinder 8 is monitored in real time by the pressure sensor to ensure that the clamping force meets the design requirements, so as to ensure that there will be no slippage during subsequent construction. At this point, the stepping mechanism has successfully switched to the starting mode.

[0051] 9. Initial excavation and cyclic operation:

[0052] Initial Advance: After completing the connection and conversion of the stepping cylinder 5, the TBM propulsion cylinder 13 is activated to begin the initial excavation. At this time, the stepping cylinder 5 and the stepping stop plate 9 firmly hold the TBM support shield 10 against the TBM, providing a stable reaction force for the TBM propulsion cylinder 13. The TBM propulsion cylinder 13 slowly pushes the TBM main unit 1 forward according to the preset propulsion speed and thrust. During the excavation process, various sensors installed on the TBM main unit 1, such as displacement sensors and pressure sensors, monitor parameters such as excavation progress, cutterhead torque, and propulsion force in real time to ensure the stability and safety of the excavation process.

[0053] The tension shield 10 and the push shield 10 work together:

[0054] After completing one tunneling cycle, the TBM propulsion cylinder 13 stops advancing and begins to pull the shield 10 forward to tighten it. At the same time, the stepping cylinder 5 is activated to push the shield 10 forward to tighten it.

[0055] The stepper mechanism and the hydraulic cylinder move forward:

[0056] After the TBM propulsion cylinder 13 has fully retracted, technicians will move the stepping brake plate and stepping cylinder 5 forward. First, loosen the connecting screws between the stepping stop plate 9 and the stepping base 2, move the stepping stop plate 9 forward to the appropriate position, and then reconnect it securely to the stepping base 2 using the screws. For the stepping cylinder 5, using a specially designed moving track and auxiliary equipment, move it forward to the corresponding position, ensuring that the connecting hole of the stepping cylinder 5 accurately aligns with the position of the tail of the tensioning shield 10 and the rail. Then, reconnect and adjust to ensure it can work normally.

[0057] Repeat in a loop until the initial launch is complete:

[0058] After completing the above steps, a starting cycle is completed. Following the same operating procedure, the starting excavation, the coordinated operation of pulling and tightening the shield 10, and the forward movement of the stepping base 2 and each hydraulic cylinder are repeated until the TBM support shoe can fully tighten the tunnel wall.

[0059] It is understood that the above specific description of this utility model is only used to illustrate this utility model and is not limited to the technical solutions described in the embodiments of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to this utility model to achieve the same technical effect; as long as the use needs are met, they are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) stepping initiation device without a guide hole, comprising a TBM main unit (1), characterized in that, The bottom of the TBM host (1) is mounted on the stepping mechanism. The stepping mechanism includes a stepping base (2), a stepping slide rail (3), a stepping guide wheel (4), and a stepping cylinder (5). The stepping base (2) is a box-shaped structure with a pentagonal cross-section. The stepping guide wheel (4) is mounted below the stepping base (2) and cooperates with the stepping slide rail (3) so that the stepping base (2) can move the TBM host (1) along the stepping slide rail (3). There are two stepping cylinders (5), which are respectively set on the stepping slide rail (3) on both sides. While clamping the stepping slide rail (3), they are also connected to the rear end of the stepping base (2) to provide stepping power.

2. The TBM holeless stepping initiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepper base (2) is composed of multiple stepper sub-bases (6) with the same structure, and two adjacent stepper sub-bases (6) are connected by bolts and nuts.

3. The TBM holeless stepping initiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepping cylinder (5) is composed of a stepping propulsion cylinder (7) and a stepping clamping cylinder (8) connected to each other. The front end of the stepping propulsion cylinder (7) is connected to the rear end of the stepping base (2), and the stepping clamping cylinder (8) clamps the stepping slide rail (3).

4. The TBM tunnelless stepping initiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepping mechanism also includes a stepping stop plate (9). The stepping base (2) is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting the stepping stop plate (9), so that the mounting position of the stepping stop plate (9) is adjustable and can be attached to the rear of the support shield (10) of the TBM host (1) after installation.

5. The TBM holeless stepper initiation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stepping stop plate (9) is a T-shaped steel structure.

6. The TBM holeless stepping initiation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front shield (11) and the tension shield (10) of the TBM host (1) are also connected to TBM anti-torsion plates (12) to prevent the TBM host (1) from twisting and rolling.

7. A TBM holeless stepping initiation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The TBM anti-torsion plate (12) is a trapezoidal steel plate structure.

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