A steam generator

Abstract

This invention provides a steam generator in which the heat generated by fuel combustion is conducted through the furnace shell to the water in the cavity, heating the water. The water circulates within the convection tubes and the cavity, ensuring uniform heat transfer and promoting stable steam generation. Simultaneously, the flue gas generated in the furnace shell undergoes radiative heat exchange before entering the first convection flue through the flue gas outlet ring. There, it exchanges heat with the inner side of the convection tubes and the boiler shell. The flue gas then enters the second convection flue, where it veers upwards, scouring the outer side of the convection tubes for further convective heat exchange. Finally, the flue gas enters the flue gas chamber, scouring the outer cylinder of the steam collector to heat the wet steam, drying it and significantly improving its dryness. This multi-pass utilization of the flue gas heat significantly improves heat exchange efficiency while reducing heat waste. Furthermore, by welding the outer cylinder of the steam collector to the top of the furnace shell, the support of the steam collector for the furnace shell is strengthened, thereby improving the safety of the steam generator.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of steam generator technology, specifically a steam generator. Background Technology

[0002] A steam generator is a device that uses the heat energy generated by fuel combustion to heat water into high-temperature steam. Against the backdrop of the accelerated low-carbon transformation of energy structure and the continuous strengthening of environmental emission standards in the global industrial sector, its thermal efficiency, pollutant emission level and whole life cycle operating cost have become key bottlenecks restricting the green upgrading and sustainable development of industries.

[0003] Currently, some steam generators discharge high-temperature flue gas directly from their combustion chambers through a simple single or double-pass heat exchange path during operation. This results in insufficient effective residence time of the flue gas inside and outside the furnace, causing it to be discharged to the outside without complete heat absorption. This leads to fuel waste, low thermal efficiency, and reduced gas production rate. Simultaneously, the furnace's limited heating area restricts its heat absorption efficiency, further reducing heat exchange efficiency and consequently slowing down gas production.

[0004] In addition, the existing steam generators have a connection between the furnace and the steam collection box via a connecting pipe. When the furnace is in use, high pressure is generated inside and a huge outward thrust is produced. The furnace may lack stable support and deform, resulting in insufficient safety in the use of the steam generator.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a steam generator that has a fast gas production rate, high thermal efficiency, and high safety. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, this utility model provides a steam generator, which aims to solve the problems of low combustion efficiency, insufficient heat exchange and insufficient safety of existing steam generators.

[0007] A steam generator includes a combustion device, a flue gas cylinder, a steam generator body disposed within the flue gas cylinder, and a steam collection box connected to the steam generator body. The steam generator body includes a furnace chamber for radiant heat exchange, the lower part of which is connected to the combustion device. A boiler shell is fitted over the furnace chamber, forming a water storage cavity between the furnace chamber and the boiler shell. A water inlet is provided on the cavity, and the water inlet is connected to the outlet of an automatic water supply pump. A plurality of convection pipes are arranged around the boiler shell, each convection pipe having its ends connected to the upper and lower ends of the cavity, respectively, and the inner side of each convection pipe is connected to the boiler shell. A first convection flue is formed on the outer wall of the furnace shell, and a second convection flue is formed between the outer side of the convection pipe and the inner side of the flue cylinder. The first convection flue, near the lower part of the flue cylinder, communicates with the second convection flue. A plurality of flue gas outlet rings are provided on the upper part of the furnace shell, and these rings communicate with the first convection flue. A steam collector is installed on the top of the furnace shell, and includes an outer steam collector cylinder and an inner steam collector cylinder fitted inside the outer cylinder. A shell is fitted around the outer cylinder, and a flue gas chamber is formed between the shell and the outer cylinder, communicating with the second convection flue. A steam chamber is formed between the inner and outer cylinders, and a plurality of holes for steam and water flow are provided at the lower part of the outer cylinder, through which the steam chamber communicates with the chamber.

[0008] Furthermore, the steam collection box is provided with a steam outlet, which is connected to the steam chamber, and the steam outlet is provided with an outlet valve, a safety valve and a pressure gauge.

[0009] Furthermore, a spiral separator is welded into the steam chamber.

[0010] Furthermore, an insulation layer is provided on the outer surface of the flue.

[0011] Furthermore, the convection tube is a seamless steel pipe, and fins are welded between adjacent seamless steel pipes to form a membrane wall.

[0012] Furthermore, a flue gas outlet is provided at the end of the outer cylinder of the steam collection box away from the steam generator body. The flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas chamber, and an energy-saving device is provided on the flue gas outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, a drain pipe with a valve is also provided at the bottom of the cavity.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] This utility model provides a steam generator that uses the heat generated by fuel combustion to conduct heat through the furnace shell to the water in the cavity, heating the water to produce steam. Due to the density difference between the hot and cold water, the water flows in a circulation within the convection tube and the cavity, ensuring uniform heat transfer and promoting stable steam generation, thus guaranteeing the stability and uniformity of the heat exchange process. Simultaneously, the flue gas generated in the furnace shell undergoes radiative heat exchange and enters the first convection flue through the flue gas outlet ring, where it undergoes convective heat exchange with the inner side of the convection tube and the boiler shell. Subsequently, the flue gas enters the second convection flue, causing it to reflux upwards and flush the outer side of the convection tube for further convective heat exchange. Finally, the flue gas enters the flue gas chamber to flush the outer cylinder of the steam collector, heating the wet steam and drying it, significantly improving the steam dryness. Furthermore, the arrangement of the first and second convection flues enables multi-pass utilization of the flue gas heat, significantly improving heat exchange efficiency while reducing heat energy waste. In addition, by welding the outer cylinder of the steam collector to the top of the furnace, the steam collector supports the top of the furnace, thereby transferring the outward thrust generated by the internal pressure of the furnace top to the steam collector above for distribution, thus strengthening the support of the steam collector for the furnace and improving the safety of the steam generator.

[0016] Secondly, by installing heat-conducting fins at the bottom of the furnace, the heating area of ​​the furnace can be effectively expanded, increasing the heat absorption efficiency, which is conducive to further improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0017] Finally, by setting up an automatic water supply pump to supply water to the cavity and replenish water at regular intervals, the liquid level inside the cavity is kept stable, which helps to improve the continuity of drying steam generation and thus improve production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure and flue gas flow direction of a steam generator according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the side cross-sectional structure and steam-water flow direction of a steam generator according to the present invention;

[0020] Attached Figure Labels

[0021] 1. Combustion equipment; 2. Flue shell; 3. Steam generator body; 31. Furnace chamber; 32. Heat-conducting fins; 33. Boiler shell; 34. Cavity; 35. Convection pipe; 4. Steam collection box; 41. Outer cylinder of steam collection box; 42. Inner cylinder of steam collection box; 5. Automatic water supply pump; 6. First convection flue; 7. Second convection flue; 8. Exit smoke ring; 9. Steam chamber; 10. Hole; 11. Shell; 12. Flue gas chamber; 13. Spiral separator; 14. Exhaust port. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments described below are merely some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0023] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a steam generator includes a combustion device 1, a flue gas cylinder 2, a steam generator body 3 disposed within the flue gas cylinder 2, and a steam collection box 4 connected to the steam generator body 3. The combustion device 1 is located below or at the bottom of one side of the steam generator body 3, allowing the hot gas flow to rise naturally, which is conducive to the complete combustion of fuel and the conversion of more heat into usable thermal energy.

[0024] The steam generator body 3 includes a hollow furnace 31, and the lower part of the furnace 31 is connected to the combustion device 1. The combustion device 1 can provide heat by burning oil, gas, or biomass pellets.

[0025] The furnace liner 31 is provided with several heat-conducting plates 32 at its bottom. The heat-conducting plates 31 can effectively expand the heat-receiving area of ​​the furnace liner 31 and make more full contact with the heat energy generated by the burner 1. This allows the heat energy to be adsorbed and conducted to the interior of the furnace liner 31 more quickly through the surface of the heat-conducting plates 32, increasing the heat absorption efficiency and thus helping to further improve the heat exchange efficiency.

[0026] The furnace chamber 31 is fitted with a pot shell 33, forming a water storage cavity 34 between the furnace chamber 31 and the pot shell 33. Heat generated by the burner 1 is conducted through the furnace chamber 31 to the water in the cavity 34, heating the water and causing it to evaporate and produce wet steam. The cavity 34 has a water inlet (not shown in the figure), which is connected to the outlet of an automatic water replenishment pump 5. The automatic water replenishment pump supplies water to the cavity 34 and replenishes it periodically, thereby maintaining a stable liquid level inside the cavity 34, which helps to improve the continuity of dry steam generation and thus improve production efficiency.

[0027] A plurality of convection pipes 35 are arranged around the outer edge of the boiler shell 33, and both ends of the convection pipes 35 are connected to the upper and lower ends of the cavity 34, respectively. Water in the cavity 34 circulates within the convection pipes 35. After the heat energy radiated from the furnace liner 31 heats the water in the cavity 34, and due to the density difference between the hot and cold water, the water flow forms a circulation within the convection pipes 35 and the cavity 34, which ensures uniform heat transfer and promotes stable steam generation, thus ensuring the stability and uniformity of the heat exchange process.

[0028] The inner side of the convection pipe 35 forms a first convection flue 6 with the outer wall of the boiler shell 33, and the outer side of the convection pipe 35 forms a second convection flue 7 with the inner side of the flue cylinder 2; the first convection flue 6 communicates with the second convection flue 7 at one end near the flue cylinder 2; a plurality of smoke outlet rings 8 are provided on the upper part of the furnace liner 31, and the smoke outlet rings 8 are connected to the first convection flue 6.

[0029] The convection pipes 35 are seamless steel pipes, and fins are welded between adjacent seamless steel pipes, forming a membrane wall with the convection pipes and fins. This membrane wall, together with the outer wall of the boiler shell 33, constitutes the first convection flue 6, which communicates with the second convection flue 7 only at the end near the flue cylinder 2. Preferably, the first convection flue 6 has notches on both sides near the end of the burner 1, and the first convection flue 6 communicates with the second convection flue 7 through these notches. Except for the notches, the rest of the first convection flue 6 is sealed to prevent flue gas from escaping through the gaps between adjacent convection pipes 35, allowing the flue gas to flow according to a pre-set flue gas flow path, thereby improving the utilization rate of flue gas heat.

[0030] The steam collector 4 includes an outer cylinder 41 and an inner cylinder 42 fitted inside the outer cylinder 41. The outer cylinder 41 passes through the flue duct 2 and the cavity 34 sequentially and is welded to the top of the furnace 31. By welding the outer cylinder 41 to the top of the furnace 31, the outward thrust generated by the internal pressure at the top of the furnace 31 is transferred to the upper steam collector 4 for distribution. This allows the steam collector 4 to support the top of the furnace 31, strengthening its support and improving the safety of the steam generator.

[0031] A steam chamber 9 is formed between the inner cylinder 42 and the outer cylinder 41 of the steam collecting box. The outer cylinder 41 of the steam collecting box has several holes 10 for steam and water flow on its surface near the second convection flue 7. The steam chamber 9 is connected to the cavity 34 through the holes 10. A spiral separator 13 is welded into the steam chamber 9.

[0032] When the water vapor generated in cavity 34 enters steam cavity 9 through hole 10, the wet steam flows along the spiral flow path of spiral separator 13 within steam cavity 9, continuously colliding with the inner wall of steam cavity 9 and the spiral flow path. During this process, the moisture in the wet steam is effectively separated and knocked off, thus forming high-quality dry steam. Therefore, the spiral separator 13 not only increases the contact area and flow path of wet steam, but also enhances the steam separation effect, significantly improving steam dryness and ensuring high-quality steam output, meeting the stringent requirements for dry steam in different scenarios.

[0033] The steam collector 4 is equipped with a steam outlet communicating with the steam chamber 9. The steam outlet is equipped with an outlet valve, a safety valve, and a pressure gauge. The outlet valve controls the steam output flow rate, facilitating the adjustment of steam supply stability. The safety valve automatically releases steam when the system pressure exceeds a set range, preventing equipment damage due to overpressure and ensuring operational safety. The pressure gauge monitors the internal pressure of the steam generator in real time, providing accurate data support for equipment operation and maintenance.

[0034] A shell 11 is fitted over the outer side of the outer cylinder 41 of the steam collecting box. The shell 11 is connected to the flue cylinder 2, and a flue gas chamber 12 is formed between the shell 11 and the outer cylinder 41 of the steam collecting box. The flue gas chamber 12 is connected to the second convection flue 7. The shell 11, connected to the flue cylinder 2 and fitted over the outer side of the outer cylinder 41 of the steam collecting box, forms a sealed flue gas channel, preventing flue gas leakage and environmental pollution, and also providing heat insulation to improve safety. When the flue gas generated by combustion in the furnace 31 enters the flue gas chamber 12 after multiple heat exchange cycles, it heats the steam with high humidity inside the steam chamber 9, ensuring that the internal steam dryness meets the requirements.

[0035] The outer cylinder 41 of the steam collecting box has a flue gas outlet 14 at the end furthest from the steam generator body 3. The flue gas outlet 14 is connected to the flue gas chamber 12, and an energy-saving device is installed on the flue gas outlet 14. By installing the energy-saving device, the discharged flue gas can be effectively treated for dust removal, reducing the emission of particulate matter and pollutants, thereby reducing the impact on the environment and meeting environmental protection requirements. At the same time, the energy-saving device can recover the waste heat in the flue gas and convert it into usable thermal energy.

[0036] An insulation layer is provided on the outer surface of the flue duct 2. The insulation layer can effectively reduce the loss of heat to the external environment during the operation of the steam generator; in addition, the insulation layer can also reduce the surface temperature of the external flue duct 2, reduce the risk of burns to operators when in contact, and improve the safety of use.

[0037] In some embodiments, a drain pipe with a valve is provided at the bottom of the cavity 34. By providing a drain pipe with a valve, impurities, sewage, and sediments accumulated in the cavity 34 can be periodically removed during the operation of the steam generator, thereby effectively preventing the accumulation of impurities from affecting the heat exchange efficiency and maintaining the normal operation of the steam generator.

[0038] The working principle of this utility model is as follows:

[0039] (1. The fuel is fully burned, releasing high-temperature flue gas inside the furnace 31 and providing heat energy to heat the water in the cavity 34.)

[0040] (2) The high-temperature flue gas undergoes radiative heat exchange within the furnace chamber 31, and the heat-conducting plate 31 makes full contact with the high-temperature flue gas carrying heat energy, allowing the heat energy to be more quickly adsorbed by the surface of the heat-conducting plate 32 and conducted into the furnace chamber 31. During this process, the high-temperature flue gas transfers heat from inside the furnace chamber 31 to the cavity 34, causing the water temperature inside the cavity 34 to gradually rise, and forming a water circulation within the cavity 34 and the convection pipe 35, completing the first round of heat exchange.

[0041] (3) After the first pass heat exchange, the flue gas inside the furnace 31 flows to the end of the furnace 31 away from the burner 1 and flows into the first convection flue 6. At this time, the flue gas comes into contact with the inner surface of the convection tube 35 and continues to transfer the heat of the flue gas to the water in the convection tube 35, so that the heat is continuously transferred through the water circulation to continue heating, completing the second pass heat exchange.

[0042] (4) The flue gas flows downward from the first convection flue 6 to the lower part and gradually enters the corresponding second convection flue 6 through the gap. It exchanges heat with the outer surface of the convection tube 35 and continues to transfer heat to the water in the convection tube 35, which further reduces the temperature of the flue gas and completes the third pass heat exchange. After three passes of heat exchange, the water in the cavity 34 and the convection tube 35 continues to absorb heat and vaporize, producing wet steam.

[0043] (5) The generated wet steam enters the steam collection box 4 through the hole 10 connected to the steam chamber 9. The flue gas after the third pass heat exchange turns and continues to rise, entering the flue gas chamber 12 to wash the outer wall of the outer cylinder 41 of the steam collection box, and exchange heat with the wet steam inside the steam chamber 9, completing the fourth pass heat exchange. During this process, the moisture in the wet steam is removed through heat exchange and collision, generating high-quality dry steam that meets the dryness requirements of industrial steam. Finally, the dry steam is discharged through the steam outlet and transported to places where steam is needed for use, while the flue gas after four passes of heat exchange enters the dust collector for treatment before being discharged.

[0044] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made in accordance with the scope of the present utility model patent application shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A steam generator, comprising a combustion device, a flue gas duct, a steam generator body disposed within the flue gas duct, and a steam collection box connected to the steam generator body; characterized in that, The steam generator body includes a furnace chamber, and the lower part of the furnace chamber is connected to the combustion equipment; a number of heat-conducting plates are provided at the bottom of the furnace chamber; a pot shell is provided outside the furnace chamber, and a cavity for storing water is formed between the furnace chamber and the pot shell; a water inlet is provided on the cavity, and the water inlet is connected to the outlet of an automatic water replenishment pump. The outer shell of the boiler is surrounded by several convection tubes, both ends of which are connected to the upper and lower ends of the cavity, respectively. The inner side of the convection tube forms a first convection flue with the outer wall of the boiler shell, and the outer side of the convection tube forms a second convection flue with the inner side of the flue cylinder. The end of the first convection flue near the lower part of the flue cylinder is connected to the second convection flue. Several smoke outlet rings are opened on the upper part of the furnace liner, and the smoke outlet rings are connected to the first convection flue. The steam collection box includes an outer cylinder and an inner cylinder fitted inside the outer cylinder. The outer cylinder passes through the flue and the cavity in sequence and is welded to the top of the furnace. A steam cavity is formed between the inner and outer cylinders. The lower part of the outer cylinder has several holes for steam and water flow, and the steam cavity communicates with the cavity through the holes. A shell is fitted around the outer cylinder of the steam collecting box. The shell is connected to the flue cylinder, and a flue gas chamber is formed between the shell and the outer cylinder of the steam collecting box. The flue gas chamber is connected to the second convection flue.

2. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam collector is provided with a steam outlet that communicates with the steam chamber. The steam outlet is provided with an outlet valve, a safety valve and a pressure gauge.

3. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A spiral separator is welded inside the steam chamber.

4. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the flue is provided with an insulation layer.

5. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The convection tube is a seamless steel pipe, and fins are welded between adjacent seamless steel pipes to form a membrane wall.

6. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flue gas outlet is provided at the end of the outer cylinder of the steam collection box away from the main body of the steam generator. The flue gas outlet is connected to the flue gas chamber, and an energy-saving device is provided on the flue gas outlet.

7. A steam generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the cavity is also equipped with a drain pipe with a valve.

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