A shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a deformation monitoring device for surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel, belonging to the technical field of monitoring equipment for surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel. It includes the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel. On the inner side of the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel, several groups of monitoring positioning components are installed at intervals from outside to inside. Each group of monitoring positioning components includes two symmetrically arranged clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts installed on both sides of the tunnel surrounding rock and a crown settlement monitoring expansion bolt installed on the top of the tunnel surrounding rock. The two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the crown settlement monitoring expansion bolt are located on the same tunnel cross-section. On the ground inside the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel, several deformation monitoring devices are provided, and each deformation monitoring device includes a control box. This surrounding rock deformation monitoring device is mainly designed for the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel, can monitor multiple cross-sections of the surrounding rock after shotcrete construction, timely discover abnormal deformation conditions of the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel, improve construction safety, and at the same time ensure the construction quality of the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of monitoring equipment for surrounding rock in shallow tunnels, and more specifically, to a device for monitoring deformation of surrounding rock in shallow tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of transportation infrastructure construction in my country, tunnel engineering is becoming increasingly common in highway, railway, and urban transportation construction. Shallow tunnels, due to their shallow burial depth and poor surrounding rock stability, present greater challenges in support, thus placing higher demands on initial support technology. Initial support, as a crucial step in tunnel construction, is of great significance for controlling tunnel construction safety and ensuring the long-term stability of the tunnel.

[0003] Currently, for the initial support construction of shallow-buried tunnels, steel arch frames are first laid out, steel mesh is tied between two steel arch frames, and finally shotcrete is applied to form the surrounding rock inside the tunnel. Due to the shallow burial depth, coupled with the influence of groundwater, the tunnel's own load, and the surrounding geology, the surrounding rock in this area is prone to deformation, and in severe cases, it may collapse directly to the top of the mountain. Therefore, it is necessary to design a special monitoring device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a rock deformation monitoring device for shallow-buried tunnels. This device is designed for the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnels and can monitor multiple sections of the surrounding rock after shotcrete construction. It can detect abnormal deformation of the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnels in a timely manner, improve construction safety, and ensure the construction quality of the surrounding rock of shallow-buried tunnels.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] A shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device includes shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock. Several sets of monitoring and positioning components are installed at intervals from the outside to the inside of the shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock. Each set of monitoring and positioning components includes two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts stacked on the left and right sides of the tunnel surrounding rock and an arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt installed on the top of the tunnel surrounding rock. The two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt are located on the same tunnel cross section. Several deformation monitoring devices are installed on the ground inside the shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock. Each deformation monitoring device includes a control box. A strip-shaped groove is fixedly connected to the rear side of the control box. A through guide rod is provided inside the groove opening on the upper surface of the strip-shaped groove. Several bases are slidably fitted on the guide rod. The bases are connected to the corresponding interface of the control box via wiring. The control box is connected to an external construction power supply via a power cord.

[0007] As a further optimization of this solution, the front end of the bottom of the control box and the rear end of the bottom of the strip slide are provided with symmetrical adjustment pads. A screw is connected upward at the center of the upper surface of the adjustment pad. The screw is adjusted to the depth of its insertion into the threaded cylinder by adjusting the nut. The upper surface of the threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the control box and the bottom of the strip slide. A liquid level is installed at both the front and rear ends of one side of the strip slide.

[0008] As a further optimization of this solution, the upper surface and both sides of the base are clamped outward with damping shafts by clamping plates. An angle adjustment wheel is mounted on the shaft of the damping shaft, and a laser rangefinder is fixedly installed on the outer side of the angle adjustment wheel.

[0009] As a further optimization of this solution, a through groove is provided on the other side of the strip groove, and the base is fixed by bolts passing through the through groove and tightening them inward.

[0010] As a further optimization of this solution, the two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolts are all fitted with fixing rings. The fixing rings are fixed to the bolt shafts by screws on the side. The outer sides of the fixing rings are provided with mounting plates on both the left and right sides. A rotating bearing seat is fixedly installed on the outer end of one of the mounting plates. The rotating part of the rotating bearing seat is connected to an adjusting shaft. A reflector is fixed on the shaft of the adjusting shaft. The outer end of the adjusting shaft is limited by a nut on the outer side of the other mounting plate.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0012] This invention involves setting up several deformation monitoring devices on the ground inside the surrounding rock of a shallow-buried tunnel. Each set of deformation monitoring devices can monitor the deformation of multiple monitoring and positioning components. By installing fixing rings and reflectors on the outside of the two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt in the positioning components, combined with the three-dimensional laser rangefinder structure on the base, the deformation position of the two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt can be monitored. The monitoring data is transmitted to the control box, and the staff can operate and observe it through the display screen and buttons on the outside of the control box. They can also insert a USB flash drive to obtain the monitoring data collected by the control box. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a monitoring device according to the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the foot pad connection structure of this utility model;

[0015] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the base connection structure of this utility model;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion bolt structure for monitoring the clearance convergence of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the expansion bolt structure for monitoring arch settlement of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the surrounding rock of the shallow-buried tunnel according to this utility model;

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Control box; 2. Strip groove; 3. Guide rod; 4. Base; 5. Wiring; 6. Power cord; 7. Liquid level; 8. Foot pad; 9. Adjusting nut; 10. Through groove; 11. Damping shaft; 12. Angle adjustment wheel; 13. Laser rangefinder; 14. Clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolt; 15. Fixing ring; 16. Mounting plate; 17. Rotary bearing seat; 18. Adjusting shaft; 19. Nut; 20. Reflector; 21. Arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt; 22. Shallow buried tunnel surrounding rock. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the following description, in conjunction with specific illustrations, further elaborates on this utility model.

[0021] To address the issue that the surrounding rock in this area is prone to deformation due to its shallow burial depth, combined with groundwater, tunnel load, and the influence of the surrounding geology, and could potentially collapse directly to the mountaintop in severe cases, a specialized monitoring device needs to be designed.

[0022] like Figure 1 and Figure 6 As shown, this application includes a shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock 22. Several sets of monitoring and positioning components are installed on the inner side of the shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock 22 from the outside to the inside. Each set of monitoring and positioning components includes two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts 14 stacked on the left and right sides of the tunnel surrounding rock and an arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt 21 installed on the top of the tunnel surrounding rock. The two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts 14 and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt 21 are located on the same tunnel section. Several deformation monitoring devices are provided on the ground inside the shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock 22. Each deformation monitoring device includes a control box 1. A strip groove 2 is fixedly connected to the rear side of the control box 1. A through guide rod 3 is provided inside the groove on the upper surface of the strip groove 2. Several bases 4 are slidably fitted on the rod of the guide rod 3. The bases 4 are connected to the corresponding interface of the control box 1 through the line 5. The control box 1 is connected to the construction power supply through the power line 6.

[0023] like Figure 2As shown, the front end of the bottom of the control box 1 and the rear end of the bottom of the strip slide 2 are provided with symmetrical left and right adjustment pads 8. A screw is connected upward at the center of the upper surface of the adjustment pad 8. The screw is adjusted by adjusting nut 9 to adjust the depth of screwing into the threaded cylinder. The upper surface of the threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the control box 1 and the strip slide 2. A liquid level 7 is installed on the front and rear ends of one side of the strip slide 2.

[0024] like Figure 3 As shown, damping shafts 11 are clamped outwards on the upper surface and both sides of the base 4 via clamping plates. An angle adjustment wheel 12 is mounted on the shaft of the damping shaft 11. A laser rangefinder 13 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the angle adjustment wheel 12. A through groove 10 is opened on the other side of the strip groove 2. The base 4 is fixed inwards by bolts passing through the through groove 10.

[0025] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a fixing ring 15 is fitted on the rod of each of the two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts 14 and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt 21. The fixing ring 15 is fixed to the rod of the expansion bolt by the screw on the side. The left and right sides of the outer side of the fixing ring 15 are provided with mounting plates 16. A rotating bearing seat 17 is fixedly installed on the outer end of one of the mounting plates 16. The rotating part of the rotating bearing seat 17 is connected to an adjusting shaft 18. A reflector 20 is fixed on the shaft of the adjusting shaft 18. The outer end of the adjusting shaft 18 is limited by a nut 19 on the outer side of the other mounting plate 16.

[0026] In practical use, the staff first observes the position of the water droplets inside the liquid level 7 at the front and rear, and adjusts the positions of the front and rear foot pads 2 respectively to keep the strip slide 2 and control box 1 horizontal. Then, the base 4 is moved to a cross-section, and the laser emission angle of each laser rangefinder 13 is adjusted by the angle adjustment wheel 12. The angles of the reflectors 20 on the two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts 14 and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolts 21 are adjusted by the adjustment shaft 18 respectively, so that the laser rangefinders 13 in the three directions are aligned and illuminated on the reflectors 20. Finally, the position of the base 4 is fixed by bolts, and the position of the adjustment shaft 18 is limited by the nut 19. During the monitoring process, when deformation occurs inside the surrounding rock 22 of the shallow-buried tunnel, the positions of the clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolt 14 and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt 21 will change, which in turn will cause the position of the reflector 20 to change, resulting in a change in the distance measured by the laser rangefinder 13. This change is transmitted to the control box 1 via an electrical signal. The staff can operate and observe the control box 1 through the display screen and buttons on the outer side of the control box 1. They can also insert a USB flash drive to obtain the monitoring data collected by the control box 1. Multiple sections of the surrounding rock after shotcrete construction are monitored to detect abnormal deformation of the surrounding rock of the shallow-buried tunnel in a timely manner, improve construction safety, and ensure the construction quality of the surrounding rock of the shallow-buried tunnel.

[0027] All standard parts used in this utility model can be purchased from the market, and irregular parts can be customized according to the description and drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional methods such as bolts, rivets, and welding that are mature in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts conventional connection methods in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here.

[0028] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of this utility model, as well as its advantages. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device, comprising shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock, wherein a plurality of monitoring and positioning components are installed at intervals from the outside to the inside on the inner side of the shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock, wherein each monitoring and positioning component comprises two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts stacked on the left and right sides of the tunnel surrounding rock and an arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt installed on the top of the tunnel surrounding rock, wherein the two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolt are located on the same tunnel cross section, characterized in that: Several deformation monitoring devices are installed on the ground inside the surrounding rock of the shallow-buried tunnel. Each deformation monitoring device includes a control box. A strip-shaped groove is fixedly connected to the rear side of the control box. A through guide rod is provided inside the groove on the upper surface of the strip-shaped groove. Several bases are slidably fitted on the guide rod. The bases are connected to the corresponding interface of the control box through wires. The control box is connected to the construction power supply through a power cord.

2. The shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control box bottom front end and the strip slide bottom rear end are provided with symmetrical left and right adjustment pads. A screw is connected upward at the center of the upper surface of the adjustment pad. The screw is adjusted to the depth of screwing into the threaded cylinder by the adjustment nut. The upper surface of the threaded cylinder is fixedly connected to the control box and the bottom surface of the strip slide. A liquid level is installed at both the front and rear ends of one side of the strip slide.

3. The shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The base has damping shafts clamped outwards on its upper surface and both sides via clamping plates. An angle adjustment wheel is mounted on the shaft of the damping shaft, and a laser rangefinder is fixedly installed on the outer side of the angle adjustment wheel.

4. The shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other side of the strip groove has a through groove, and the base is fixed by bolts passing through the through groove and tightening inward.

5. The shallow-buried tunnel surrounding rock deformation monitoring device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two clearance convergence monitoring expansion bolts and the arch settlement monitoring expansion bolts are all fitted with fixing rings. The fixing rings are fixed to the bolt shafts by screws on the side. The fixing rings are provided with mounting plates on both the left and right sides of the outer side. A rotating bearing seat is fixedly installed on the outer end of one of the mounting plates. The rotating part of the rotating bearing seat is connected to an adjusting shaft. A reflector is fixed on the shaft of the adjusting shaft. The outer end of the adjusting shaft is limited by a nut on the outer side of the other mounting plate.

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