A high-voltage cable terminal sound image detection device for a motor train unit

Abstract

The utility model relates to railway vehicle detection technical field, concretely relates to a kind of EMU high-voltage cable terminal acoustic image detection device, including acoustic image acquisition unit and acoustic image analysis unit, both constitute data connection signal transmission, wherein the acoustic image acquisition unit includes microphone array, camera, the microphone array is used for the acoustic perception of high-voltage cable, the camera is used for the image perception of high-voltage cable;The microphone array includes the MEMS type sensor combination of several array elements, and the arrangement of several array elements MEMS type sensor uses the irregular sparse array based on multi-arm spiral array.The utility model has the advantages that: realize EMU high-voltage cable terminal partial discharge abnormal sound non-contact detection, accurately master EMU high-voltage cable use condition and life cycle, scientific guidance roof high-voltage cable overhaul and replacement, can effectively guarantee EMU operation safety and stability, substantially reduce EMU operation and maintenance cost expenditure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of railway vehicle inspection technology, specifically to an acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains. Background Technology

[0002] The high-voltage cables on the roof of high-speed trains are used for connections between high-voltage electrical equipment, serving the purpose of power transmission. Cable terminals are installed at the beginning and end of the cable line, and compared with the cable body, the cable terminal is often the weakest link. Defects in cable terminals caused by manufacturing, installation, or operating environment can further develop under the influence of electric and temperature fields, potentially leading to cable accessory burn-out, insulation breakdown, or even terminal head explosion.

[0003] The stability and reliability of the terminal condition of high-voltage cables in high-speed trains play a crucial role in the safe operation of the vehicles; therefore, high-voltage cable insulation testing technology has received considerable attention. Conventional tests for high-voltage cables mainly include routine tests, sampling tests, type tests, and preventative tests. Each test method includes power frequency withstand voltage tests and partial discharge tests. Insulation testing of high-voltage cables for high-speed trains, both domestically and internationally, relies to a certain extent on AC withstand voltage tests, while partial discharge testing is relatively less common and its development is slow. Therefore, research on the mechanisms, detection methods, technologies, and standards for partial discharge in high-voltage cables is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing an acoustic image detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains. Based on the acoustic image measurement technology of microphone arrays, it uses industrial-grade microphones and cameras to collect and form "sound photographs" of the partial discharge test process of high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains, namely, spatial sound field distribution cloud maps. It analyzes and summarizes a large amount of acoustic data from partial discharge tests of cable terminals to achieve high-precision detection of high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-voltage cable terminal acoustic-image detection device for high-speed trains is characterized by comprising an acoustic-image acquisition unit and an acoustic-image analysis unit, which together constitute a data connection signal transmission unit. The acoustic-image acquisition unit includes a microphone array and a camera. The microphone array is used for acoustic sensing of the high-voltage cable, and the camera is used for image sensing of the high-voltage cable. The microphone array contains a combination of several array elements of MEMS sensors, and the arrangement of the several array elements of MEMS sensors adopts an irregular sparse array based on a multi-arm spiral array.

[0007] The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a data acquisition unit, which is connected to the microphone array and the camera.

[0008] The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a storage module connected to the data acquisition device for storing the acquired audio-visual data. The storage module also has an external interface for connecting to a mobile storage medium.

[0009] The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a communication module, which is connected to the data acquisition device and is used to upload the acquired audio-visual data to the audio-visual analysis unit via Ethernet.

[0010] The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a power supply module, which is used to supply power.

[0011] Several MEMS sensors with array elements are arranged in a sunflower-shaped microphone array.

[0012] The audio-visual analysis unit includes an industrial computer, a touch screen, and a power module.

[0013] The advantages of this utility model are: it enables non-contact detection of partial discharge noise at the high-voltage cable terminal of the EMU, accurately grasps the usage status and life cycle of the high-voltage cable of the EMU, scientifically guides the maintenance and replacement of the high-voltage cable on the roof, effectively ensures the safe and stable operation of the EMU, and significantly reduces the maintenance cost of the EMU. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a system configuration diagram of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a design diagram of the microphone array layout in this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The features and other related features of this utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so as to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art:

[0017] Example: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the high-voltage cable terminal acoustic image detection device for high-speed trains in this embodiment includes an acoustic image acquisition unit and an acoustic image analysis unit. The acoustic image acquisition unit acquires the acoustic image data of the high-voltage cable terminal of the high-speed train, and the acoustic image analysis unit accesses the acoustic image acquisition unit via Ethernet for collaborative playback and analysis.

[0018] like Figure 1As shown, the audio-visual acquisition unit mainly includes a microphone array, a camera, a data acquisition unit, a storage module, a communication module, and a power supply module. The microphone array is a MEMS sensor combination containing 128 elements, used for acoustic sensing of high-voltage cables. The 8-megapixel camera is used for image sensing of high-voltage cables. The data acquisition unit collects the audio-visual data acquired by the front-end sensing unit. The storage module stores the collected audio-visual data and can be connected to external mobile storage media for data storage. The communication module uploads the collected audio-visual data to the audio-visual analysis unit via Ethernet. The power supply module coordinates the power supply of all modules in the audio-visual acquisition unit, converting the external 220 VAC power supply to the required 24 VDC power supply.

[0019] In this invention, the detection accuracy of the detection device is improved by the arrangement design of the microphone array. The microphone array consists of multiple microphone sensors arranged in a certain geometric distribution. Based on the relative positions between the array elements, a suitable sound source localization algorithm is used to estimate the location of the target sound source.

[0020] The frequencies of partial discharge noise from high-voltage cable terminals in high-speed trains are mainly distributed in the 20kHz-40kHz frequency band, characterized by their relatively short wavelengths. According to the Nyquist sampling theorem, the element spacing must be less than half the wavelength to avoid spatial aliasing, which would cause recognition failure. Simultaneously, the spatial resolution of sound source recognition is inversely proportional to the array's physical aperture; that is, the smaller (better) the spatial resolution, the larger the array's physical aperture should be. This makes traditional regular array arrangements unsuitable for sound source recognition. This embodiment employs an irregular sparse array based on a multi-arm helical array, where the elements are unevenly distributed within the array aperture. This ensures non-redundancy in the spacing between microphones, overcomes severe spatial aliasing, guarantees good observation depth, and meets the performance requirements of broadband sound source recognition. Furthermore, the element density decreases from the inside out, increasing the high-frequency components in the array beam domain and improving the array's robustness to high-frequency signal disturbances.

[0021] In this embodiment, a 128-element helical array with an array radius of 6 cm is used. Specifically, the multi-arm helical array is generated using Fermat spirals and further formed into a similar structure. Figure 2 (a) shows a sunflower-shaped microphone array pattern. Since a camera needs to be placed at the center of the microphone array, a space must be reserved for the camera; that is, a blank area with a radius of 1 cm at the center of the array. The actual array element distribution is as follows. Figure 2 As shown in (b).

[0022] The audio-visual analysis unit mainly consists of an industrial control computer, a touch screen, and a power supply module. The industrial control computer uses an Intel Skylake-U / Kabylake-U processor and receives audio-visual data from the high-voltage cable terminals of the high-speed train collected by the audio-visual acquisition unit via Ethernet, then processes and analyzes it. The touch screen works in conjunction with the industrial control computer for displaying, analyzing, storing, and controlling the audio-visual data. The power supply module coordinates the power supply to all modules in the audio-visual analysis unit. In this embodiment, the analysis method and algorithm for implementing the related analysis in the audio-visual analysis unit can adopt any existing technology, such as the MUSIC algorithm.

[0023] Although the above embodiments have described the concept and embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that various improvements and modifications can still be made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the claims, and therefore will not be elaborated here.

Claims

1. A device for acoustic and visual detection of high-voltage cable terminals in high-speed trains, characterized in that: It includes an audio-visual acquisition unit and an audio-visual analysis unit, which together constitute a data connection signal transmission. The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a microphone array and a camera. The microphone array is used for acoustic sensing of high-voltage cables, and the camera is used for image sensing of high-voltage cables. The microphone array contains a combination of several array elements of MEMS sensors. The arrangement of the several array elements of MEMS sensors adopts an irregular sparse array based on a multi-arm spiral array.

2. The acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a data acquisition unit, which is connected to the microphone array and the camera.

3. The acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a storage module connected to the data acquisition device for storing the acquired audio-visual data. The storage module also has an external interface for connecting to a mobile storage medium.

4. The acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a communication module, which is connected to the data acquisition device and is used to upload the acquired audio-visual data to the audio-visual analysis unit via Ethernet.

5. The acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The audio-visual acquisition unit includes a power supply module, which is used to supply power.

6. The acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: Several MEMS sensors with array elements are arranged in a sunflower-shaped microphone array.

7. The acoustic imaging detection device for high-voltage cable terminals of high-speed trains according to claim 1, characterized in that: The audio-visual analysis unit includes an industrial computer, a touch screen, and a power module.

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