Antireflection film, light-transmitting cover plate, display module, and electronic device

Abstract

This application provides an anti-reflective film, a light-transmitting cover, a display module, and an electronic device to address the problem of generally poor anti-reflection performance in existing anti-reflective films. The anti-reflective film includes a transparent substrate, a structural film layer, and a transition film layer stacked along a first direction, with the transition film layer located between the transparent substrate and the structural film layer. The refractive index of the transparent substrate is not equal to that of the structural film layer, and the refractive index of the transition film layer is between the refractive indices of the transparent substrate and the structural film layer, causing the refractive index of the anti-reflective film to gradually increase or decrease from the transparent substrate to the structural film layer. By providing the transition film layer, the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers in the anti-reflective film is reduced, i.e., the gradient of refractive index change in the anti-reflective film along the first direction is reduced. This reduces the reflection of light entering the anti-reflective film at the interface between two adjacent layers, thereby increasing transmittance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of anti-reflective film technology, and more particularly to an anti-reflective film, a light-transmitting cover, a display module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of electronic devices, users have increasingly higher requirements for the display effect of electronic device display modules. In order to improve the visual experience of display modules, manufacturers generally apply anti-reflective film (also known as anti-reflective coating) to the outer surface of display modules to reduce the reflected light on the surface of display modules.

[0003] However, the current anti-reflective films generally have poor anti-reflective effects, which results in the display module being unable to clearly display the content to the user. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides an anti-reflective film, a light-transmitting cover, a display module, and an electronic device to solve the problem that the anti-reflective effect of existing anti-reflective films is generally poor.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide an antireflective film, comprising a transparent substrate, a structural film layer, and a transition film layer stacked along a first direction, wherein the transition film layer is located between the transparent substrate and the structural film layer.

[0007] Among them, the refractive index of the transparent substrate is not equal to that of the structural film layer, the refractive index of the transition film layer is between that of the transparent substrate and the structural film layer, and the refractive index of the antireflective film shows a gradual increasing or decreasing trend from the transparent substrate to the structural film layer.

[0008] The antireflective film provided in the first aspect of this application, by setting a transition layer between a transparent substrate and a structural film layer with different refractive indices, and wherein the refractive index of the transition layer is between that of the transparent substrate and the structural film layer (i.e., the refractive index of the transition layer is greater than the smaller refractive index of the transparent substrate and the structural film layer, but less than the larger refractive index of the transparent substrate and the structural film layer), causes the refractive index of the antireflective film to gradually increase or gradually decrease from the transparent substrate to the structural film layer. In other words, by setting the transition layer, the difference in refractive index between two adjacent film layers in the antireflective film is reduced, that is, the gradient of refractive index change in the first direction of the antireflective film is reduced. This reduces the reflection of light entering the antireflective film at the interface between two adjacent film layers, increases the transmittance of the antireflective film, and thus improves the user's viewing experience.

[0009] In conjunction with the first aspect, in one possible implementation, there are two structural films, located on opposite sides of the transparent substrate, with a transition film positioned between either structural film and the transparent substrate. It is understood that the refractive indices of the two structural films can be the same or different, as long as the refractive index of the transition film is between that of the transparent substrate and the structural films located on either side of it.

[0010] In conjunction with the first aspect, another possible implementation involves two transition layers, with one transition layer between each structural film layer and the transparent substrate. By placing a transition layer between each structural film layer and the transparent substrate, the refractive index of the antireflective film gradually changes (gradually decreases or gradually increases) from the transparent substrate to any structural film layer. This reduces the gradient of refractive index change in the first direction, avoiding significant differences in refractive indices between adjacent film layers. This reduces reflections at the interface between adjacent film layers, increasing the transmittance of the antireflective film and thus improving the user's viewing experience.

[0011] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the transition film layer satisfies the following relationship: 2·n·d=λ / 2·(2k+1); where n is the refractive index of the transition film layer, d is the geometric thickness of the transition film layer, λ is the wavelength of the incident light in air, and k is a natural number. That is, the aforementioned transition film layer satisfies the destructive interference condition, thereby enabling the antireflective coating to have a better anti-reflection and anti-transmission effect.

[0012] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the refractive index of the transition film layer gradually changes in the first direction. Specifically, the maximum refractive index of the transition film layer is less than the larger refractive index of either the structural film layer on either side of it or the transparent substrate; the minimum refractive index of the transition film layer is greater than the smaller refractive index of either the structural film layer on either side of it or the transparent substrate. Thus, by setting a transition film layer with a gradually changing refractive index, not only is the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers in the antireflective film reduced, i.e., the gradient of refractive index change in the antireflective film in the first direction is reduced, but this further reduces light reflection within the antireflective film and increases transmittance.

[0013] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the transition film layer is a multilayer structure comprising multiple stacked sub-film layers, each with a different refractive index. That is, the refractive index of the transition film layer gradually changes in a stepwise manner in the first direction. For example, a layer-by-layer coating process can be used to prepare the transition film layer with a stepwise refractive index, where each sub-film layer has a fixed refractive index.

[0014] In conjunction with the first aspect, another possible implementation involves making the refractive index difference between any two adjacent sub-layers equal. This makes the refractive index variation of the transition layer more uniform, thereby reducing reflections when light passes from one sub-layer to an adjacent sub-layer within the transition layer, thus improving the overall antireflective and antitransmittance effect of the antireflective coating.

[0015] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the difference in refractive index between any two adjacent sub-films is less than 0.1. In this way, by making the difference in refractive index between two adjacent sub-films in the transition layer less than 0.1, the reflection of light entering an adjacent sub-film from one sub-film within the transition layer is further reduced.

[0016] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the transition film is a single-layer structure. That is, the refractive index of the transition film changes continuously and gradually in the first direction. For example, a multi-source evaporation coating process or a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process can be used to prepare a transition film with a continuously and gradually changing refractive index.

[0017] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the transition film layer satisfies the following relationship: 2·n0·d=λ / 2·(2k+1); where n0 is the average refractive index of the transition film layer, d is the geometric thickness of the transition film layer, λ is the wavelength of the incident light in air, and k is a natural number. That is, the aforementioned transition film layer with a gradually changing refractive index satisfies the destructive interference condition, thereby enabling the antireflective coating to have a better anti-reflection and anti-transmission effect.

[0018] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the refractive index of the transition film is greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than or equal to 1.7.

[0019] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the aforementioned antireflective film satisfies the following relationship: |n0-n1|≥0.1; where n0 is the refractive index of the transparent substrate and n1 is the refractive index of the structural film layer. That is to say, when the refractive index difference between the transparent substrate and the structural film layer is greater than or equal to 0.1, setting a transition film layer between the transparent substrate and the structural film layer can achieve a better antireflective and anti-reflective effect.

[0020] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the structural film layer is a hardened layer or an optical adhesive layer.

[0021] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, where a structural film layer is provided on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate, the structural film layer located on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate is the first structural film layer. The antireflective film also includes a first refractive film layer, which is disposed on the side of the first structural film layer facing away from the transparent substrate, and the refractive index of the first refractive film layer is less than that of the first structural film layer. In this way, by providing the first refractive film layer on the light-incident side of the first structural film layer facing away from the transparent substrate, and by ensuring that the refractive index of the first refractive film layer is less than that of the first structural film layer, the first refractive film layer can form an interface transition with air, thereby achieving a destructive interference effect. This reduces the reflection of ambient light at the interface between the antireflective film and air.

[0022] In conjunction with the first aspect, in another possible implementation, the antireflective film further includes a second refractive film layer. This second refractive film layer is disposed between the first refractive film layer and the first structural film layer, and its refractive index is greater than that of both the first and first structural film layers. Thus, by placing the second refractive film layer between the first and first structural film layers, and ensuring that its refractive index is greater than that of both the first and first structural film layers, that is, by alternating high-refractive-index and low-refractive-index layers on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate, the antireflective effect of the antireflective film on ambient light can be further enhanced.

[0023] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a light-transmitting cover plate, including a cover plate body and the anti-reflective film provided in the first aspect. The anti-reflective film is adhered to one surface of the cover plate body.

[0024] Understandably, the beneficial effects that the light-transmitting cover can achieve as described in the second aspect and any possible implementation thereof can be referred to as the beneficial effects in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof, and will not be repeated here.

[0025] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a display module, including a display panel and the light-transmitting cover plate provided in the second aspect above.

[0026] The light-transmitting cover is attached to the display surface of the display panel, and the anti-reflective film of the light-transmitting cover is located on the side of the cover body away from the display panel.

[0027] Understandably, the beneficial effects that the display module described in the third aspect and any of its possible implementations can achieve can be referred to as the beneficial effects in the first aspect and any of its possible implementations, and will not be repeated here.

[0028] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including a housing, a motherboard, and the display module provided in the third aspect above.

[0029] The motherboard is located inside the housing, the display module is supported and fixed on the housing, and the display panel of the display module is electrically connected to the motherboard.

[0030] Understandably, the beneficial effects that the electronic device described in the fourth aspect and any of its possible implementations can achieve can be referenced to the beneficial effects in the first aspect and any of its possible implementations, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 A structural diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A front view of the electronic devices in their unfolded state;

[0033] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view of the electronic devices in a folded state;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a light-transmitting cover provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the cross-section of the anti-reflective coating in the image;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a transition membrane layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 12 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0043] Figure 13A cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0044] Figure 14 for Figure 13 The anti-reflective film in Figure 7 A comparison of the reflectivity curves of the antireflective films in the diagram;

[0045] Figure 15 for Figure 13 The anti-reflective film in Figure 7 A comparison of the transmittance curves of the antireflective coatings in the diagram;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another transition membrane layer provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 17 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure label:

[0049] 01. Electronic equipment; 10. Display module; 10a. First area; 10b. Second area; 10c. Third area;

[0050] 11. Light-transmitting cover plate; 111. Cover plate body;

[0051] 112. Anti-reflective film;

[0052] 1121. Transparent substrate;

[0053] 1122, structural membrane layer; 1122a, first structural membrane layer; 1122b, second structural membrane layer;

[0054] 1123, refractive coating layer; 1123a, first refractive coating layer; 1123b, second refractive coating layer;

[0055] 1124, Transition film layer; 1124a, First transition film layer; 1124b, Second transition film layer; 11241, First sub-film layer; 11242, Second sub-film layer; 11243, Third sub-film layer;

[0056] 12. Display panel; 13. Back panel; 20. Housing; 21. Hinge mechanism; 22. Middle frame; 22a. First middle frame; 22b. Second middle frame; 210. First bonding surface; 220. Second bonding surface; 230. Third bonding surface; 30. Main board. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To make the purpose, technical solution, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0058] In the description of this application, it should be clarified that the terms "vertical," "lateral," "longitudinal," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "up," "down," and "horizontal," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for the convenience of describing this application, and do not mean that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or position, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Similarly, the term "quantity" should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0059] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0060] To better understand the solutions of this application, the following describes the terminology used in the embodiments of this application.

[0061] Refractive index: The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to the speed of light in that medium, denoted by the letter n.

[0062] Optical interference refers to the optical phenomenon where two light waves with the same frequency, constant phase difference, and consistent vibration direction superimpose each other when they meet during transmission, resulting in constructive (enhancing) and / or destructive (weakening) interference.

[0063] Geometric thickness of a membrane: refers to the physical thickness or actual thickness of the membrane.

[0064] Optical thickness of a film: The product of the geometric thickness of a film and its refractive index is called optical thickness.

[0065] Optical path length: The geometric path of light propagating in a medium multiplied by the refractive index of the medium.

[0066] Optical path difference: The optical path difference is the difference in the optical path length between two beams of light.

[0067] Destructive interference is a fundamental phenomenon in wave optics. When the optical path difference between two coherent light waves is an odd multiple of half the wavelength, their amplitudes cancel each other out after superposition, forming dark fringes. This phenomenon is typically observed in experiments such as thin-film interference and Newton's rings. Its occurrence conditions are closely related to the refractive index distribution of the medium and the half-wave loss during reflection.

[0068] High-refractive-index (HFI) and low-refractive-index (LFI): These are relative concepts. The refractive index of a high-refractive-index layer is greater than that of a low-refractive-index layer.

[0069] This application provides an electronic device 01. Specifically, the electronic device 01 can be a portable electronic device or other types of electronic devices. For example, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet personal computer, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wearable device, etc. The display screen of the electronic device can be a foldable screen or a flat screen. For ease of explanation, the following description uses a foldable screen mobile phone as an example. The foldable screen mobile phone can be a mobile phone with an outward folding display screen or a mobile phone with an inward folding display screen. In the following description, the electronic device 01 is used as an example of a mobile phone with an inward folding display screen.

[0070] Specifically, please see Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of an electronic device 01 provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device 01 may include a housing 20, a motherboard 30, and a foldable display module 10. The display module 10 is supported and attached to the housing 20. The housing 20 can drive the display module 10 to rotate between an unfolded state and a folded state. The motherboard 30 is located in the housing 20.

[0071] Understandable, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram only schematically shows some of the components included in the foldable screen terminal 01. The actual shape, size, position, and structure of the components are not limited by the structure shown in the diagram.

[0072] For the sake of clarity in the following embodiments, an XYZ coordinate system is established. When the electronic device 01 is in its unfolded state, the width direction of the electronic device 01 is defined as the X-axis direction, the length direction of the electronic device 01 as the Y-axis direction, and the thickness direction of the electronic device 01 as the Z-axis direction. It should be noted that the coordinate system of the electronic device 01 can be flexibly set according to actual needs. This application only provides an example and should not be considered as a special limitation of this application.

[0073] The aforementioned housing 20 is used to protect the internal components of the electronic device 01. The housing 20 may include a hinge mechanism 21 and a middle frame 22. There are two middle frames 22, namely a first middle frame 22a and a second middle frame 22b. The hinge mechanism 21 connects the first middle frame 22a and the second middle frame 22b, and realizes relative rotation between the first middle frame 22a and the second middle frame 22b through the hinge mechanism 21, thereby allowing the electronic device 01 to rotate and switch between an unfolded state and a folded state.

[0074] The aforementioned display module 10 is used to display images, videos, etc. The display module 10 can be divided into a first region 10a, a second region 10b, and a third region 10c, with the third region 10c positioned between the first region 10a and the second region 10b. The third region 10c can be bent and deformed. When the electronic device 01 is in a folded state, the third region 10c of the display module 10 is bent, and the first region 10a and the second region 10b are positioned opposite each other. When the electronic device 01 is in an unfolded state, the third region 10c of the display module 10 is flattened, at which point the first region 10a, the second region 10b, and the third region 10c are on the same plane.

[0075] Please see below. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2 for Figure 1 The image shows a front view (along the positive Y-axis) of the electronic device 01 in its unfolded state. The first frame 22a has a first mating surface 210, on which the first region 10a of the display module 10 is supported and mated. The second frame 22b has a second mating surface 220, on which the second region 10b of the display module 10 is supported and mated. The hinge mechanism 21 has a third mating surface 230, on which the third region 10c of the display module 10 is supported and mated. The first frame 22a and the second frame 22b are rotatably connected via the hinge mechanism 21, allowing the electronic device 01 to rotate between the unfolded and folded states.

[0076] With the aforementioned electronic device 01 in the deployed state, please continue to refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, Figure 1 and Figure 2 All electronic devices 01 are in an unfolded state. The first bonding surface 210, the second bonding surface 220, and the third bonding surface 230 are on the same plane, so that the display module 10 can be fully unfolded. That is, the first region 10a, the second region 10b, and the third region 10c of the display module 10 are on the same plane, and the flatness of the display module 10 can be guaranteed. In this state, a large-screen display of electronic devices 01 can be achieved, which can bring a better user experience.

[0077] When the aforementioned electronic device 01 is in a folded state, please refer to Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 for Figure 1 The electronic device 01 is shown in a folded state (positive Y-axis view). The first region 10a and the second region 10b of the display module 10 are opposite each other, and the third region 10c is bent. The housing 20 protects the display module 10, meaning the display module 10 is located between the first frame 22a and the second frame 22b of the housing 20. In this state, the display module 10 is not visible to the user, preventing scratches or damage and thus providing effective protection. For example, when not using the phone, the electronic device 01 can be folded to avoid damage to the display module 10.

[0078] Please return to the previous page. Figure 1 As shown, the motherboard 30 is used to set up the electronic devices of the electronic device 10 and realize the electrical connection between the electronic devices. For example, the electronic devices may be control chips (e.g., system-on-chip, SOC), graphics processing units (GPUs), universal flash storage (UFS), earpieces, flash modules, and the aforementioned display module 10, etc.

[0079] Based on the above, please refer to Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of a display module 10 provided in an embodiment of this application. The display module 10 may include a light-transmitting cover plate 11, a display panel 12, and a back plate 13. The light-transmitting cover plate 11 and the back plate 13 are respectively attached to the two side surfaces of the display panel 12, and the light-transmitting cover plate 11 and the display panel 12, as well as the back plate 13 and the display panel 12, can be bonded and fixed by optically clear adhesive (OCA).

[0080] The aforementioned display panel 12 can be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (AMOLED) display panel, a mini light-emitting diode (MLED) display, a micro light-emitting diode (LED) display panel, a micro organic light-emitting diode (MOLED) display panel, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED) display panel, a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc.

[0081] The light-transmitting cover 11 can be a common cover. After the display module 10 is installed on the electronic device 01, the light-transmitting cover 11 is located on the outermost side of the display module 10, which can provide a certain degree of protection for the display panel 12, preventing the display panel 12 from being directly scratched or impacted by external objects. Alternatively, the light-transmitting cover 11 can also be a cover with touch function, so that the electronic device 01 has touch function, thereby making it more convenient for users to use. Therefore, this application does not make any special limitation on the specific material of the light-transmitting cover 11.

[0082] The backplate 13 can be made of a high-strength metal, such as titanium alloy, stainless steel, or aluminum alloy, to serve as the main structural component of the entire display module 10 and provide stable support for the other components of the display module 10.

[0083] When the electronic device 01 is in use, when light from the external environment shines on the display module 10, the display module 10 reflects the light, which causes the image displayed by the display module 10 to have quality deviation, affecting the user's normal viewing of the image displayed by the display module 10.

[0084] For the reasons mentioned above, in order to reduce the adverse effects of reflected light, an anti-reflection film can be provided on the light-transmitting cover plate 11 of the display module 10 to reduce the interference of reflected light.

[0085] Please see Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 A cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of a light-transmitting cover plate 11 provided in this application embodiment. The light-transmitting cover plate 11 may include a cover plate body 111 and an anti-reflective film 112 stacked along the Z-axis direction. The cover plate body 111 and the display panel 12 ( Figure 5(Not shown in the image) The anti-reflective film 112 is applied to the light-incident side of the cover body 111 (i.e., the side of the cover body 111 away from the display panel 12).

[0086] For details, please see Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the anti-reflective film 112 (parallel to the XZ plane).

[0087] The antireflective film 112 may include a transparent substrate 1121, a structural film layer 1122 and a refractive film layer 1123 stacked along a first direction (parallel to the Z-axis). The structural film layer 1122 is attached to the transparent substrate 1121 and the refractive film layer 1123 is disposed on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate 1121.

[0088] The transparent substrate 1121 has good light transmittance and mechanical properties to reduce the impact on the light emitted from the display panel 12. For example, the material of the transparent substrate 1121 can be organic or inorganic polymer materials such as PET (Polyethylene terephthalate), CPI (Colorless Polyimide), TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane), PC (Polycarbonate), TAC (Triacetyl Cellulose), and UTG (Ultra-Thin Glass).

[0089] The structural film layer 1122 can be provided as one, or one structural film layer 1122 can be provided on each of the two sides of the transparent substrate 1121. This application does not make any special limitation in this regard. When there are two structural film layers 1122, the refractive indices of the two structural film layers 1122 can be equal or equal.

[0090] For ease of understanding, the following examples all use the example of setting a structural membrane layer 1122 on both sides of a transparent substrate 1121.

[0091] Please continue reading Figure 6 As shown, there are two structural film layers 1122: a first structural film layer 1122a and a second structural film layer 1122b. The first structural film layer 1122a is a hardened layer, which is bonded to the light-incident side of the transparent substrate 1121. The hardened layer enhances the overall structural strength and durability of the anti-reflective film 112, ensuring that the anti-reflective film 112 is less prone to scratches or cracks. Furthermore, the hardened layer has good light transmittance to reduce the impact on the light emitted from the display panel 12.

[0092] The material of the hardening layer can be an inorganic compound. For example, the material of the hardening layer can be silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon nitride (SiN), etc.

[0093] The second structural film layer 1122b is an optical adhesive (OCA) layer, which is bonded to the light-emitting side of the transparent substrate 1121, thereby facilitating the bonding of the anti-reflective film 112 to the cover plate body 111 via the optical adhesive layer. Figure 6 (Not shown in the middle)

[0094] The refractive film layer 1123 is disposed on the side of the first structural film layer 1122a that is away from the transparent substrate 1121.

[0095] It is understood that the refractive film layer 1123 can be single or multiple layers stacked together; this application does not impose any special limitations on this. Specifically, when only one refractive film layer 1123 is provided, the refractive film layer 1123 is located on the outermost side of the antireflective film 112, and the refractive index of the refractive film layer 1123 should be less than the refractive index of other adjacent layers (e.g., ...). Figure 6 In the first refractive film layer 1123, the refractive film layer 1123a is disposed on the side opposite to the transparent substrate 1121. The refractive index of the refractive film layer 1123 is 1.4 and the refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a is 1.5. The refractive film layer 1123 forms an interface transition with the air and satisfies destructive interference, thereby enabling the antireflective film 112 to reduce reflection.

[0096] When multiple refractive film layers 1123 are stacked, the refractive indices of the multiple refractive film layers 1123 are different from each other. The refractive index of the refractive film layer 1123 farthest from the transparent substrate 1121 should be less than the refractive index of the other refractive film layer 1123 adjacent to it. The refractive film layer 1123 farthest from the transparent substrate 1121 forms an interface transition with the air and satisfies destructive interference, so that the anti-reflection film 112 can play the role of reducing reflection.

[0097] Furthermore, multiple refractive film layers 1123 and the first structural film layer 1122a form a new film layer group on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate 1121. In this film layer group, high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers are alternately arranged, which can further enhance the anti-reflective effect of the anti-reflective film 112 on ambient light. The high-refractive-index layer can be made of materials such as titanium oxide, niobium oxide, silicon nitride, and zirconium oxide, while the low-refractive-index layer can be made of materials such as aluminum oxide, silicon monoxide, silicon dioxide, magnesium fluoride, lanthanum fluoride, aluminum fluoride, yttrium fluoride, and barium fluoride.

[0098] For example, see Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of an anti-reflective film 112 provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0099] The refractive film layer 1123 is provided in two layers, namely a first refractive film layer 1123a and a second refractive film layer 1123b. The first refractive film layer 1123a is attached to the light-incident side of the first structural film layer 1122a, and the second refractive film layer 1123b is disposed on the side of the first refractive film layer 1123a away from the first structural film layer 1122a. The refractive index of the second refractive film layer 1123b is greater than the refractive index of the first refractive film layer 1123a and the refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a. (For example, the refractive index of the first refractive film layer 1123a is 1.4, the refractive index of the second refractive film layer 1123b is 1.78, and the refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a is 1.5, so that in the film layer group composed of the first refractive film layer 1123a, the second refractive film layer 1123b and the first structural film layer 1122a, high-refractive-index layers and low-refractive-index layers are alternately arranged.)

[0100] Since the anti-reflective film 112 mainly relies on the interface transition between its outermost refractive film layer 1123 and air to achieve the effect of destructive interference, its main function is to reduce the reflection of ambient light on its surface. Furthermore, because the anti-reflective film 112 has a multi-layered structure and the refractive indices of its internal layers differ significantly, light entering the anti-reflective film 112 is easily reflected at the interface between two adjacent film layers (i.e., the contact surface formed by the adhesion of two adjacent film layers, where the refractive index difference on both sides of the contact surface is large).

[0101] Especially at the interface between the structural film layer 1122 and the transparent substrate 1121, the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 is n1, and the refractive index of the structural film layer 1122 is n2. When |n1-n2|≥0.1, for example... Figure 7 In this case, the refractive index of the transparent substrate is 1.65, and the difference between the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 and the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 is 1.5. In this case, the light entering the interior of the anti-reflective film 112 is easily reflected when it passes through the interface between the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121, which makes the anti-reflective effect of the anti-reflective film 112 generally poor, thus causing the display module 10 to be unable to clearly display its content to the user.

[0102] Similarly, Figure 7 The refractive index of the second structural film layer is 1.48, and the difference between its refractive index and that of the transparent substrate 1121 is 0.17. This will also cause light entering the interior of the anti-reflective film 112 to be easily reflected at the interface between the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121.

[0103] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides another anti-reflective film 112, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8A cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of another antireflective film 112 provided in this application embodiment.

[0104] The antireflective film 112 may include a transition film layer 1124, the transparent substrate 1121, the first structural film layer 1122a, the second structural film layer 1122b, and the refractive film layer 1123.

[0105] A transition film layer 1124 is disposed between the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121. The refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 is not equal to that of the first structural film layer 1122a, and the refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 is between the refractive indices of the transparent substrate 1121 and the first structural film layer 1122a. This results in the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually increasing or decreasing from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a.

[0106] In other words, at this point, the refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 is greater than the one with the smaller refractive index between the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121, but less than the one with the larger refractive index between the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121. For example Figure 8 In this structure, the refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a (i.e., the hardened layer) is 1.5, and the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 is 1.65. The difference in refractive index between the transparent substrate 1121 and the first structural film layer 1122a is 0.15, which is significantly greater than 0.1. The refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 is 1.58, thereby making... Figure 8 The refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually decreases from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a. At this time, the difference in refractive index between the transition film layer 1124 and the first structural film layer 1122a is 0.08, and the difference in refractive index between the transition film layer 1124 and the transparent substrate 1121 is 0.07. It can be seen that the gradient of the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 in the first direction (parallel to the Z-axis) is significantly reduced.

[0107] In this way, the light entering the anti-reflective film 112 is reduced, and the reflection generated when passing through the interface between two adjacent film layers in the anti-reflective film 112 is reduced, thereby increasing the transmittance of the anti-reflective film 112 and thus improving the user's viewing experience.

[0108] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figure 9 As shown, Figure 9 A cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of another anti-reflective film 112 provided in this application embodiment shows that a transition film layer 1124 can also be disposed between the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121.

[0109] In this design, the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 is not equal to the refractive index of the second structural film layer 1122b. The refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 is between that of the transparent substrate 1121 and the second structural film layer 1122b (i.e., the refractive index of the second transition film layer 1124b is greater than the smaller refractive index of the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121, but less than the larger refractive index of the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121). This results in the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually increasing or decreasing from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b. For example... Figure 9 In this structure, the refractive index of the second structural film layer 1122b (i.e., the optical adhesive layer) is 1.48, and the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 is 1.65. The difference in refractive index between the transparent substrate 1121 and the second structural film layer 1122b is 0.17, which is significantly greater than 0.1. The refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 is 1.57, thus making... Figure 8 The refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually decreases from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b. At this time, the difference in refractive index between the transition film layer 1124 and the second structural film layer 1122b is 0.09, and the difference in refractive index between the transition film layer 1124 and the transparent substrate 1121 is 0.08. It can be seen that the gradient of the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 in the first direction (parallel to the Z-axis) is significantly reduced.

[0110] In some possible embodiments, please refer to Figure 10 As shown, Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of another antireflective film 112 provided in an embodiment of this application. Two transition layers 1124 may be provided, namely a first transition layer 1124a and a second transition layer 1124b. The first transition layer 1124a is located between the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121, and the refractive index of the first transition layer 1124a is greater than the smaller refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121, and less than the larger refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121.

[0111] The second transition film layer 1124b is located between the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121, and the refractive index of the second transition film layer 1124b is greater than that of the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121 with the smaller refractive index, and less than that of the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121 with the larger refractive index.

[0112] In this way, by setting the first transition film layer 1124a and the second transition film layer 1124b, the gradient of refractive index of the antireflective film 112 from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a, and from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b, is simultaneously reduced, for example... Figure 10 In the first structural film layer 1122a and the first transition film layer 1124a, the refractive index difference is 0.08; the refractive index difference between the first transition film layer 1124a and the transparent substrate 1121 is 0.07; the refractive index difference between the transparent substrate 1121 and the second transition film layer 1124b is 0.08; and the refractive index difference between the second transition film layer 1124b and the second structural film layer 1122b is 0.09.

[0113] In other words, the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers in the antireflective film 112 is reduced to below 0.1. The smaller the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers, the less likely light is to be reflected when passing through the interface between these two adjacent layers. That is, the above structure can reduce the reflection of light entering the interior of the antireflective film 112 when it passes through the interface between the first structural film layer 1122a and the first transition film layer 1124a, the interface between the first transition film layer 1124a and the transparent substrate 1121, the interface between the transparent substrate 1121 and the second transition film layer 1124b, and the interface between the second transition film layer 1124b and the second structural film layer 1122b, thereby increasing the transmittance of the antireflective film 112.

[0114] It is understandable that the trend of the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a can also be the same as the trend from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b. That is, when the refractive indices of the first structural film layer 1122a and the second structural film layer 1122b are both less than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121, the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 first increases and then decreases in the incident direction of external light (along the negative Z-axis); when the refractive indices of the first structural film layer 1122a and the second structural film layer 1122b are both greater than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121, the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 first decreases and then increases in the incident direction of external light (along the negative Z-axis).

[0115] Alternatively, the trend of the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a can be opposite to the trend from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b. That is, when the refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a is less than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 and the refractive index of the second structural film layer 1122b is greater than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121, the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually increases in the incident direction of external light (along the negative Z-axis); when the refractive index of the first structural film layer 1122a is greater than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121 and the refractive index of the second structural film layer 1122b is less than the refractive index of the transparent substrate 1121, the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually decreases in the incident direction of external light (along the negative Z-axis).

[0116] In summary, the antireflective film 112 provided in this application, by setting a transition film layer 1124 between a transparent substrate 1121 and a structural film layer 1122 with different refractive indices, and the refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 being between that of the transparent substrate 1121 and the structural film layer 1122, makes the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 gradually increase or decrease from the transparent substrate 1121 to the structural film layer 1122. This is equivalent to reducing the difference in refractive index between two adjacent film layers in the antireflective film 112, that is, reducing the gradient of the refractive index of the antireflective film 112 in the first direction (parallel to the Z-axis). This reduces the reflection of light entering the interior of the antireflective film 112 at the interface between two adjacent film layers in the antireflective film 112, increases the transmittance of the antireflective film 112, and thus improves the user's viewing experience.

[0117] In the examples above, the transition film 1124 is a single-layer structure with a fixed refractive index. Furthermore, the transition film 1124 satisfies the following relationship:

[0118] 2·n·d=λ / 2·(2k+1);

[0119] In the above formula, n is the refractive index of the transition film 1124, d is the geometric thickness of the transition film 1124 in the Z-axis direction, λ is the wavelength of the incident light in air, and k is a natural number. That is to say, the above transition film 1124 satisfies the destructive interference condition, thereby enabling the antireflective film 112 to have a better antireflection and antitransmission effect.

[0120] It should be noted that the geometric thickness of each layer of the antireflective film 112 provided in this application embodiment can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any special limitations on this.

[0121] To further reduce the refractive index gradient of the antireflective film 112 in the first direction (parallel to the Z-axis) and thus improve its antireflective effect, the refractive index of the transition layer 1124 can gradually change in the first direction. Specifically, the maximum refractive index of the transition layer 1124 is less than the larger refractive index of either the structural film layer 1122 or the transparent substrate 1121 located on either side of it; the minimum refractive index of the transition layer 1124 is greater than the smaller refractive index of either the structural film layer 1122 or the transparent substrate 1121 located on either side of it.

[0122] To achieve the refractive index gradient effect, the transition film 1124 can be a multilayer structure. (See also...) Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram (parallel to the XZ plane) of a transition film layer 1124 provided in an embodiment of this application. The transition film layer 1124 includes multiple stacked sub-film layers with different refractive indices, arranged sequentially from smallest to largest, thereby causing the refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 to gradually change in a stepwise manner in the first direction. In this case, the refractive index graph of the transition film layer 1124 is a broken line that gradually decreases or increases.

[0123] For example, Figure 11 In this structure, the transition film 1124 has a three-layer structure, including a first sub-film layer 11241, a second sub-film layer 11242, and a third sub-film layer 11243. The second sub-film layer 11242 is located between the first sub-film layer 11241 and the third sub-film layer 11243. The refractive index of the first sub-film layer 11241 is 1.53, the refractive index of the second sub-film layer 11242 is 1.58, and the refractive index of the third sub-film layer 11243 is 1.62.

[0124] It is understood that in the antireflective film 112 with two transition layers 1124, both the first transition layer 1124a and the second transition layer 1124b can be transition layers 1124 with gradually changing refractive index, or one of the first transition layer 1124a and the second transition layer 1124b can be a transition layer 1124 with gradually changing refractive index and the other can be a transition layer 1124 with a fixed refractive index. This application does not make any special limitation in this regard.

[0125] For example, please continue to see Figure 11 and combined Figure 12 As shown, Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film 112 provided in an embodiment of this application. The first structural film layer 1122a has a refractive index of 1.5, the transparent substrate 1121 has a refractive index of 1.65, and the second structural film layer 1122b has a refractive index of 1.48. Both the first transition film layer 1124a and the second transition film layer 1124b are as described above. Figure 11The three-layer structure shown.

[0126] Furthermore, the sub-films of the first transition film layer 1124a and the second transition film layer 1124b are symmetrically arranged with respect to the transparent substrate 1121. Specifically, the third sub-film layer 11243 of the first transition film layer 1124a is bonded to the transparent substrate 1121, and the first sub-film layer 11241 of the first transition film layer 1124a is bonded to the first structural film layer 1122a. Similarly, the third sub-film layer 11243 of the second transition film layer 1124b is bonded to the transparent substrate 1121, and the first sub-film layer 11241 of the second transition film layer 1124b is bonded to the first structural film layer 1122a. This arrangement ensures that... Figure 12 The refractive index of the antireflective film 112 varies from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a in a gradient that is basically consistent with the gradient from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b.

[0127] For example, please see Figure 13 As shown, Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film 112 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 13 The anti-reflective film 112 in the above Figure 12 The difference between the antireflective film 112 and the previous one is that the first structural film layer 1122a is a single layer structure with a fixed refractive index of 1.58. Therefore, it can be seen that... Figure 13 The refractive index of the antireflective film 112 in the middle is less than the gradient from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b.

[0128] Please see Figure 14 As shown, Figure 14 for Figure 13 The anti-reflective film 112 in Figure 7 A comparison of the reflectivity curves of the antireflective film 112 is shown. The horizontal axis represents the wavelength of the incident light (in nm), and the vertical axis represents the reflectivity. The solid curve represents... Figure 13 The reflectance curve of the anti-reflective film 112 in the figure is shown by the dashed curve. Figure 7 The reflectance curve of the antireflective film 112 in the image.

[0129] from Figure 14As can be seen, taking incident light with a wavelength of 560 nm as an example, the antireflective film 112 with a gradually changing refractive index transition layer 1124 has a reflectivity of approximately 0.85% for incident light with a wavelength of 560 nm. In contrast, the antireflective film 112 without the transition layer 1124 has a reflectivity of approximately 1.46% for incident light with a wavelength of 560 nm. That is to say, compared to the existing antireflective film 112 without the transition layer 1124, the antireflective film 112 with the gradually changing refractive index transition layer 1124 provided in this application has a reflectivity reduced by approximately 0.61%.

[0130] Please see Figure 15 As shown, Figure 15 for Figure 13 The anti-reflective film 112 in Figure 7 A comparison of the transmittance curves of the antireflective film 112 is shown. The horizontal axis represents the wavelength of the incident light (in nm), and the vertical axis represents the transmittance. The solid curve represents... Figure 13 The reflectance curve of the anti-reflective film 112 in the figure is shown by the dashed curve. Figure 7 The reflectance curve of the antireflective film 112 in the image.

[0131] from Figure 15 As can be seen, taking incident light with a wavelength of 560 nm as an example, the antireflective film 112 with a gradually changing refractive index transition layer 1124 has a transmittance of approximately 95.46% for incident light with a wavelength of 560 nm. In contrast, the antireflective film 112 without the transition layer 1124 has a transmittance of approximately 93.27% for incident light with a wavelength of 560 nm. That is to say, compared to the existing antireflective film 112 without the transition layer 1124, the antireflective film 112 with the gradually changing refractive index transition layer 1124 provided in this application has an increased transmittance of approximately 3.19%.

[0132] In the case where the transition layer 1124 has a multilayer structure, in order to make the refractive index change of the transition layer 1124 more uniform, the difference in refractive index between any two adjacent sub-layers in the transition layer 1124 is equal. In this way, by making the difference in refractive index between two adjacent sub-layers equal, the refractive index change of the transition layer 1124 can be made more uniform, thereby reducing the reflection generated when light enters an adjacent sub-layer within the transition layer 1124, and thus improving the overall anti-reflection and anti-transmission effect of the anti-reflection film 112.

[0133] For example, the difference in refractive index between any two adjacent sub-film layers can be less than 0.1. For instance, the difference in refractive index between two adjacent sub-film layers can be 0.08, 0.06, 0.05, 0.03, etc. The smaller the difference in refractive index between two adjacent sub-film layers, the less reflection occurs when light passes from one sub-film layer to another adjacent sub-film layer within the transition film layer 1124.

[0134] It is understood that the aforementioned transition film layer 1124 with a gradually changing refractive index can be prepared using a layer-by-layer coating process. The film material used to form the sub-film layers is formed into a coating liquid, and the film material of each sub-film layer has a fixed refractive index. The coating liquid is coated onto the surface of the transparent substrate 1121, and then cured to form the sub-film layer of the transition film layer 1124. The layer-by-layer coating process can include roll coating or printing coating. After each layer is coated, the coating liquid needs to be photocured or thermally cured to solidify and form the sub-film layer.

[0135] In some possible implementations, the transition film 1124 can also be a single-layer structure. In this case, to achieve a gradual change in refractive index, the refractive index of the transition film 1124 can be made to change continuously and gradually in the first direction. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 16 As shown, Figure 16 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another transition film layer 1124 provided in an embodiment of this application. In this diagram, the denser the black dots, the higher the refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 in that region; conversely, the sparser the black dots, the lower the refractive index of the transition film layer 1124 in that region.

[0136] In this case, the refractive index graph of the transition film 1124 is a slanted straight line or a smooth curve.

[0137] It is understood that the aforementioned transition film 1124 with a continuously varying refractive index can be prepared using a multi-source evaporation coating process or a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process.

[0138] Taking the multi-source evaporation coating process as an example, when preparing the transition film 1124, two evaporation sources are used. One evaporation source is used to evaporate the film material with a high refractive index, and the other evaporation source is used to evaporate the film material with a low refractive index. The two evaporation sources evaporate simultaneously. By controlling the ratio of the evaporation rates of the corresponding film materials in the two evaporation sources, an integral film layer with a continuously gradual change in refractive index is obtained.

[0139] Please see Figure 17 As shown, Figure 17This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of another anti-reflective film 112 provided in an embodiment of this application. The first structural film layer 1122a has a refractive index of 1.5, the transparent substrate 1121 has a refractive index of 1.65, and the second structural film layer 1122b has a refractive index of 1.48. A first transition film layer 1124a is disposed between the first structural film layer 1122a and the transparent substrate 1121. The first transition film layer 1124a is a single-layer structure, and its refractive index continuously decreases from 1.65 to 1.5 in the positive Z-axis direction. The side of the first transition film layer 1124a with the higher refractive index is attached to the transparent substrate 1121. A second transition film layer 1124b is disposed between the second structural film layer 1122b and the transparent substrate 1121. The second transition film layer 1124b is a double-layer structure, including two sub-film layers, namely the first sub-film layer 11241 and the second sub-film layer 11242. The first sub-film layer 11241 is bonded to the transparent substrate 1121, and its refractive index is 1.62. The second sub-film layer 11242 is bonded to the second structural film layer 1122b, and its refractive index is 1.55. Therefore, it can be seen that... Figure 17 The refractive index of the antireflective film 112 in the film varies with the gradient from the transparent substrate 1121 to the first structural film layer 1122a, which is smaller than the gradient from the transparent substrate 1121 to the second structural film layer 1122b.

[0140] In the above example, whether the transition film 1124 has a multilayer or single-layer structure, its refractive index is a variable value. Furthermore, the transition film 1124 satisfies the following relationship:

[0141] 2·n0·d=λ / 2·(2k+1);

[0142] In the above formula, n0 is the average refractive index of the transition film 1124, d is the geometric thickness of the transition film 1124 in the Z-axis direction, λ is the wavelength of the incident light in air, and k is a natural number. That is to say, the transition film 1124 with the gradually changing refractive index satisfies the destructive interference condition, thereby enabling the antireflective film 112 to have a better antireflection and antitransmission effect.

[0143] In some possible implementations, the refractive index of the transition layer 1124 can be greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than or equal to 1.7. For example, when the refractive index of the transition layer 1124 is a fixed value, its refractive index can be 1.0, 1.05, 1.17, 1.24, 1.36, 1.45, 1.53, 1.62, 1.68, 1.7, etc. When the refractive index of the transition layer 1124 varies, its refractive index can be a set within the above range, or a sub-interval within the above range.

[0144] In the description of this specification, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0145] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An anti-reflective film, characterized in that, It includes a transparent substrate, a structural film layer, and a transition film layer stacked along a first direction, wherein the transition film layer is located between the transparent substrate and the structural film layer; The refractive index of the transparent substrate is not equal to that of the structural film layer, and the refractive index of the transition film layer is between that of the transparent substrate and the structural film layer; the refractive index of the antireflective film gradually increases or decreases from the transparent substrate to the structural film layer.

2. The antireflective film according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structured membrane layer is provided in two parts, with the two structured membrane layers located on opposite sides of the transparent substrate, and the transition membrane layer located between either of the structured membrane layers and the transparent substrate.

3. The antireflective film according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two transition membrane layers are provided, with one transition membrane layer between each structural membrane layer and the transparent substrate.

4. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The transition film layer satisfies the following relationship: 2·n·d=λ / 2·(2k+1); Where n is the refractive index of the transition film, d is the geometric thickness of the transition film, λ is the wavelength of the incident light in air, and k is a natural number.

5. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The refractive index of the transition film gradually changes in the first direction; The maximum refractive index of the transition film layer is less than that of the structural film layer and the transparent substrate located on either side of it, which has a larger refractive index; the minimum refractive index of the transition film layer is greater than that of the structural film layer and the transparent substrate located on either side of it, which has a smaller refractive index.

6. The antireflective film according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transition film layer has a multilayer structure, comprising multiple stacked sub-film layers, each with a different refractive index.

7. The antireflective film according to claim 6, characterized in that, The difference in refractive index between any two adjacent sub-film layers is equal.

8. The antireflective film according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that, The difference in refractive index between any two adjacent sub-film layers is less than 0.

1.

9. The antireflective film according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transition membrane layer has a single-layer structure.

10. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The transition film layer satisfies the following relationship: 2·n0·d=λ / 2·(2k+1); Where n0 is the average refractive index of the transition film, d is the geometric thickness of the transition film, λ is the wavelength of the incident light in air, and k is a natural number.

11. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The refractive index of the transition film is greater than or equal to 1.0 and less than or equal to 1.

7.

12. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, The antireflective film satisfies the following relationship: |n1-n2|≥0.1; Wherein, n1 is the refractive index of the transparent substrate, and n2 is the refractive index of the structural film layer.

13. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, The structural film layer is a hardened layer or an optical adhesive layer.

14. The antireflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, When the structural film layer is provided on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate, the structural film layer located on the light-incident side of the transparent substrate is the first structural film layer; The antireflective film further includes a first refractive film layer, which is disposed on the side of the first structural film layer away from the transparent substrate, and the refractive index of the first refractive film layer is less than the refractive index of the first structural film layer.

15. The antireflective film according to claim 14, characterized in that, The antireflective film further includes a second refractive film layer, which is disposed between the first refractive film layer and the first structural film layer, and the refractive index of the second refractive film layer is greater than the refractive indices of the first refractive film layer and the first structural film layer.

16. A light-transmitting cover, characterized in that, include: Cover plate body; The anti-reflective film is the anti-reflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the anti-reflective film is adhered to one side surface of the cover plate body.

17. A display module, characterized in that, include: Display panel; The light-transmitting cover plate is the light-transmitting cover plate according to claim 16, wherein the light-transmitting cover plate is attached to the display surface of the display panel, and the anti-reflective film is located on the side of the cover plate body opposite to the display panel.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: case; The motherboard is located inside the housing; The display module is the display module as described in claim 17, the display module is supported and fixed on the housing, and the display panel is electrically connected to the motherboard.

Images