Display device and electronic device including the same

Abstract

A display device and an electronic device including the same are disclosed. The display device includes a display panel and an optical member disposed on the display panel. The optical member includes a base substrate, a polarization control portion disposed on the base substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction, a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control portion, a black matrix disposed on the polarization control portion and in a space between two adjacent lenses of the plurality of lenses, and a light reflection layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses. A refractive index of the light reflection layer is lower than a refractive index of each of the plurality of lenses. Accordingly, brightness of the display device can be improved.

Description

[0001] This application claims priority to and all benefits arising therefrom of Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0112130, filed on August 21, 2024, with the Korean Intellectual Property Office, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] This disclosure relates to a display device and an electronic device including the display device. Background Technology

[0003] With the development of communication technologies and media, display devices are being used to display images in various places and environments. Specifically, various types of display devices, such as liquid crystal displays (LCDs) and organic light-emitting displays (OLEDs), are widely used.

[0004] Recently, a stereoscopic image display device has been developed that uses a lens array to divide the space on the front surface of a display device and display images of the display device. The stereoscopic image display device includes a binocular parallax method that displays left-eye and right-eye images separately to generate a stereoscopic effect based on binocular parallax, and a light field method that converges light emitted from each lens of the lens array to the viewing area where the viewer observes the display device. Therefore, research continues on stereoscopic image display devices using light field methods that increase the number of viewing areas and display more stereoscopic 3D images. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a display device that can increase the brightness of a stereoscopic image display device.

[0006] This disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing a display device capable of increasing the brightness of a stereoscopic image display device.

[0007] According to an aspect of this disclosure, a display device includes a display panel and optical components disposed on the display panel. The optical components include: a substrate; a polarization control unit disposed on the substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction; a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control unit; a black matrix disposed on the polarization control unit and in the space between two adjacent lenses of the plurality of lenses; and a light-reflecting layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses. The refractive index of the light-reflecting layer is lower than the refractive index of each of the plurality of lenses.

[0008] The lower surface of the black matrix can be wider than the upper surface of the black matrix.

[0009] The side surfaces of a black matrix can be flat planes.

[0010] The side surface of the light-reflecting layer can be a flat plane.

[0011] The angle between the side surface of the light-reflecting layer and the lower surface of the black matrix can be 87° to 90°.

[0012] The polarization control unit may include a first driving electrode disposed below a plurality of lenses, a second driving electrode disposed below the first driving electrode, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode, and a polarization member disposed below the second driving electrode and in contact with the upper surface of the display panel. The polarization member can polarize light incident from the display panel to have a first linear polarization direction.

[0013] The liquid crystal layer may include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. When the voltage difference between the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode is a predetermined value or less, the long axes of the plurality of liquid crystal molecules are gradually aligned between the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode from a first direction to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The long axis of at least one liquid crystal molecule adjacent to the second driving electrode may be aligned with the first direction. The long axis of at least one liquid crystal molecule adjacent to the first driving electrode may be aligned with the second direction. The liquid crystal layer can rotate the first linear polarization direction of light incident from the display panel to a second linear polarization direction.

[0014] When the voltage difference between the first driving electrode and the second driving electrode is greater than a predetermined value, the long axes of multiple liquid crystal molecules are aligned with a third direction perpendicular to the first and second directions. The polarizing member allows light with a first linear polarization direction incident from the display panel to pass through, such that the light output from the polarizing member has a first linear polarization direction.

[0015] The display panel may include a substrate, a thin-film transistor layer disposed on the substrate, a light-emitting element layer disposed on the thin-film transistor layer, and an encapsulation layer disposed on the light-emitting element layer.

[0016] According to aspects of this disclosure, the display device may include a display panel and optical components disposed on the display panel. The optical components may include: a substrate; a polarization control unit disposed on the substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction; a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control unit; a black matrix disposed on the polarization control unit and between the plurality of lenses; and a light-reflecting layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses. The light-reflecting layer may include a light-reflecting metal.

[0017] The side surfaces of a black matrix can be flat planes.

[0018] The side surface of the light-reflecting layer can be a flat plane.

[0019] The side surfaces of the black matrix can be curved surfaces.

[0020] The side surface of the light-reflecting layer can be a curved surface.

[0021] The distance in a first direction between the upper side of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the first lens adjacent to the light-reflecting layer among a plurality of lenses can be greater than the distance in the first direction between the lower side of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the first lens. The first direction can be parallel to the upper surface of the substrate.

[0022] The increase in distance between a portion of the side surface of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the first lens can decrease from the bottom to the top of the light-reflecting layer.

[0023] The distance between the upper side of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the first lens adjacent to the light-reflecting layer among a plurality of lenses can be the same as the distance between the lower side of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the first lens.

[0024] The light-reflecting layer may have a recessed side surface that contacts the first lens. In the first direction, the central portion of the light-reflecting layer may be a portion separated from the upper and lower sides of the light-reflecting layer by the same distance. The distance between the central portion of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the lens in the first direction may be greater than the distance between the upper side of the light-reflecting layer and the central axis of the first lens in the first direction.

[0025] Each of the plurality of lenses may include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules, each of the plurality of liquid crystal molecules having a long axis aligned in a first direction parallel to the upper surface of the substrate.

[0026] The polarization control unit may include a polarization member that polarizes light incident from the display panel to have a first linear polarization direction.

[0027] According to aspects of this disclosure, an electronic device may include a processor, a memory having storage for applications executed by the processor, and a display device. The display device includes a display panel and optical components disposed on the display panel. The optical components include: a substrate; a polarization control unit disposed on the substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction; a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control unit; a black matrix disposed on the polarization control unit and in the space between two adjacent lenses of the plurality of lenses; and a light-reflecting layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses. The refractive index of the light-reflecting layer is lower than the refractive index of each of the plurality of lenses. The electronic device also includes a user interface configured to sense user input via touch or cursor selection of icons presented on the display panel. The processor executes one or more stored applications upon receiving user input.

[0028] However, the aspects of this disclosure are not limited to those set forth herein. These and other aspects of the disclosure will become more apparent to those skilled in the art upon reference to the detailed description of the disclosure given below.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the display device and manufacturing method thereof, since a light-reflecting portion having a lower refractive index than a lens is disposed on the side surface of a black matrix, some of the light traveling toward the black matrix can be totally reflected by the light-reflecting portion and emitted in the forward direction of the display device. Therefore, the brightness of the display device can be improved.

[0030] According to some other embodiments of the display device and manufacturing method thereof based on the present disclosure, since a light-reflecting portion comprising a metal reflecting light is disposed on the side surface of a black matrix, some of the light traveling toward the black matrix can be totally reflected by the light-reflecting portion and emitted in the forward direction of the display device. Therefore, the brightness of the display device can be improved.

[0031] However, the effects of the embodiments are not limited to those described herein. The above and other effects of the embodiments will become more apparent to those skilled in the art upon referring to the claims. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The above and other aspects and features of this disclosure will become more apparent from the detailed description of embodiments thereof with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0033] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view illustrating a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0034] Figure 2 According to some embodiments of this disclosure Figure 1 A perspective view of the display device;

[0035] Figure 3 It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I';

[0036] Figure 4 It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I';

[0037] Figure 5 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of region A;

[0038] Figure 6 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 4 A sectional view of region A';

[0039] Figure 7 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of region A;

[0040] Figure 8 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 4 A sectional view of region A';

[0041] Figure 9 It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I';

[0042] Figure 10 and Figure 11 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of region B;

[0043] Figure 12 It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I';

[0044] Figure 13 and Figure 14 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of region C;

[0045] Figure 15 This illustrates some embodiments according to the present disclosure. Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the substrate, thin-film transistor layer, light-emitting element layer, and encapsulation film;

[0046] Figure 16 This is a flowchart describing a method of manufacturing a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figures 17 to 23 These are views used to describe a method of manufacturing a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; and

[0048] Figure 24 This is a block diagram illustrating an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The advantages and features of this disclosure, as well as the methods of implementing it, will become apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described below, but can be implemented in various different forms. These embodiments are provided only to complete this disclosure and to fully reveal the scope of this disclosure to those skilled in the art, and this disclosure is defined by the scope of the claims.

[0050] When an element or layer is referred to as being "on" another element or layer, it includes both the case where said element or layer is directly on said other element or layer and the case where said element or layer is on said other element or layer and another element or layer is placed therebetween. Throughout this specification, the same reference numerals denote the same components. The shapes, dimensions, scales, angles, quantities, etc., disclosed in the drawings used to describe embodiments are exemplary, and therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the shapes, dimensions, scales, angles, quantities, etc., shown in the drawings.

[0051] The various features of the various embodiments of this disclosure can be combined or integrated with each other in part or in whole, and can be technically linked and operated in various ways. Corresponding embodiments can be implemented independently of each other, or can be implemented together in a related relationship.

[0052] This invention relates to a light-reflecting layer disposed in the space between a lens and a black matrix to increase the brightness of a display device. The light-reflecting layer has a refractive index lower than that of the lens, such that incident light incident from the display panel toward the display device can be totally internalized at an angle of incidence equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection. This invention also relates to a light-reflecting layer comprising a metal that reflects incident light forward toward the display device.

[0053] In the following description, specific embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 This is an exploded perspective view illustrating a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the display device.

[0055] The display device 290 can be implemented as a flat panel display device such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), a field emission display (FED), a plasma display panel (PDP), and an organic light-emitting display (OLED).

[0056] Display device 290 may be a stereoscopic image display device including display module 100 and optical components 200, such as a 3D image display device. To display 3D images, the stereoscopic image display device can separate and display left-eye and right-eye images in the forward direction to produce a stereoscopic effect due to binocular parallax. The stereoscopic image display device can separate multiple viewpoint images and provide multiple viewpoint images to the front surface of the display device so as to display different images for each of the different viewpoints.

[0057] The display device 290 according to an embodiment may be a light field display device in which optical components 200 are disposed on the front surface of the display module 100 to allow the viewer's eye to see different image information. The light field display device can generate a light field and create a 3D stereoscopic image by using the display module 100 which displays two-dimensional (2D) images and the optical components 200 which convert 2D images into three-dimensional (3D) images and display the 3D images. As described later, the light field display device forms a light field pointing in a specific direction (specific viewing angle and / or specific viewpoint) by using stereoscopic lenses, pinholes, or blocking elements included in the optical components 200, causing the image display light generated from each pixel of the display module 100 to be included in the optical components 200. Therefore, 3D stereoscopic image information corresponding to a specific direction can be provided to the viewer.

[0058] The display module 100 may include a display panel 110 and a display driver 120.

[0059] Display panel 110 may include a display area DA and a non-display area NDA. The display area DA may include data lines, scan lines, voltage supply lines, and multiple pixels connected to the corresponding data lines and scan lines. For example, scan lines may extend in a first direction (X-axis direction) and may be spaced apart from each other in a second direction (Y-axis direction). Data lines and voltage supply lines may extend in the second direction (Y-axis direction) and may be spaced apart from each other in the first direction (X-axis direction).

[0060] Each pixel (or unit pixel) formed and arranged on the display panel 110 includes multiple sub-pixels capable of displaying white. For example, each pixel may include three sub-pixels that display red, green, and blue light, respectively. Each of the alternately arranged sub-pixels may be connected to at least one scan line, a data line, and a power line. Each sub-pixel may include a thin-film transistor containing a driving transistor and at least one switching transistor, a light-emitting element, and a capacitor. When a scan signal is applied from the scan line, each pixel may receive a data voltage from the data line and may emit light by supplying a driving current to the light-emitting element according to the data voltage applied to the gate electrode.

[0061] In this disclosure, the pixels (e.g., unit pixels) of the display panel 110 display a two-dimensional multi-view image according to the order of image data supplied from the display driver 120. The multi-view image includes n view images (where n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2), which are images generated by taking pictures of the object by separating n cameras at the distance between the eyes of an ordinary person.

[0062] Display panel 110 can display multi-view images in units of n pixels during an image display period. For example, display panel 110 can display multi-view images in units of two pixels. For example, two pixels of display panel 110 can display a multi-view image including two view images. Specifically, display panel 110 can display multi-view images in units of time-division frame (or sub-frame) periods according to the time-division driving of display driver 120. In this case, display panel 110 can display multi-view images in units of two pixels for each time-division frame period. A time-division frame period is a period in which a frame period is divided into 1 / 2 frame period or 1 / 3 frame period.

[0063] The non-display area NDA may surround the display area DA at the edge of the display panel 110. The non-display area NDA may include a scan driver (not shown) for applying scan signals to scan lines and pads (not shown) connected to the display driver 120. For example, the display driver 120 may be disposed on one side of the non-display area NDA, and the pad may be disposed on the edge of the non-display area NDA on the side where the display driver 120 is disposed.

[0064] The display driver 120 can output control signals and image data voltages for driving the display panel 110 in units of at least one frame or at least one time-division frame (or subframe). For example, the display driver 120 can supply image data voltages to the data lines in units of at least one time-division frame (or subframe). The display driver 120 can supply power voltages to the voltage supply lines and can supply scan control signals to the scan driver.

[0065] The optical component 200 includes an optical lens portion (e.g., an anisotropic lens) 230 formed between a first substrate 210 and a second substrate 220, a polarization control portion 250 formed by stacking and overlapping with the first substrate 210, and a filling layer 240 filled between the optical lens portion 230 and the second substrate 220.

[0066] The display driver 120 can be formed as an integrated circuit (IC) and can be disposed in the non-display area NDA of the display panel 110 by means of chip-on-glass (COG), chip-on-plastic (COP), or ultrasonic bonding. As another example, the display driver 120 can be mounted on a circuit board (not shown) and connected to a pad of the display panel 110.

[0067] The optical component 200 can be disposed in the forward direction of the display panel 110 or the display module 100. The optical component 200 can be attached to a surface of the display panel 110 or the display area DA by means of an adhesive component. The optical component 200 can be joined to the front surface of the display module 100 by means of a separate panel bonding device.

[0068] Figure 3 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I'.

[0069] Reference Figure 3 The display panel 110 includes a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and a packaging layer (TFE).

[0070] The substrate SUB can be rigid enough to support the components formed on it. For example, the substrate SUB can be a glass substrate or a plastic substrate such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

[0071] A thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) can be disposed on a substrate (SUB). The TFTL can adjust the brightness of the display device 290. The TFTL may include transistors.

[0072] The light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the thin-film transistor layer (TFTL). The EML can include first light-emitting regions to third light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3. The first light-emitting regions to third light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be alternately disposed. In an embodiment, the first light-emitting regions to third light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can correspond to the sub-pixels that generate white pixels.

[0073] The encapsulation layer TFE can be disposed on the light-emitting element layer EML. The encapsulation layer TFE includes at least one inorganic film and at least one organic film for encapsulating the light-emitting element layer EML.

[0074] The optical component 200 will be described in more detail. The optical component 200 may include a polarization control section 250 and an optical lens section 230 formed in a stacked and overlapping state between a first substrate 210 and a second substrate 220. The optical component 200 may include a filler layer 240 disposed between the second substrate 220 and the optical lens section 230.

[0075] The first substrate 210 and the second substrate 220 may include materials through which light can be transmitted (such as glass and plastic).

[0076] A polarization control unit 250 is formed on the rear surface of the first substrate 210 or the front surface of the display panel 110 to filter and output light from the display panel 110 along a path in a first linear polarization direction or a second linear polarization direction.

[0077] The polarization control unit 250 can allow light incident on the path in the first linear polarization direction through the substrate SUB to pass through by maintaining the path in the first linear polarization direction, or by switching the optical path to a path in the second linear polarization direction. For example, light incident on the path in the first linear polarization direction can refer to light vibrating in the X-axis direction, and light incident on the path in the second linear polarization direction can refer to light vibrating in the Y-axis direction. For example, light polarized in the first linear polarization direction (i.e., light having the first linear polarization direction) can oscillate in the X-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the propagation direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction, which is perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis directions). Light polarized in the second linear polarization direction (i.e., light having the second linear polarization direction) can oscillate in the Y-axis direction, which is perpendicular to the propagation direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction, which is perpendicular to both the X-axis and Y-axis directions).

[0078] The polarization control unit 250 may include a first driving electrode 251, a second driving electrode 252, a driving liquid crystal (i.e., a liquid crystal layer) 254, and a polarization member 257.

[0079] The first driving electrode 251 can be disposed on the lower part of the first substrate 210. The upper surface of the first driving electrode 251 can contact the lower surface of the first substrate 210. The first driving electrode 251 can receive driving voltage from the display driver 120.

[0080] The second driving electrode 252 may be disposed on the upper part of the display panel 110. The second driving electrode 252 may be configured to be parallel to the first driving electrode 251. The shape of the second driving electrode 252 may be formed to correspond to the shape of the first driving electrode 251. In some embodiments, the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252 may comprise transparent conductive materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), graphene, silver nanowires (AgNWs), and conductive polymers (e.g., PEDOT:PSS).

[0081] The polarizing member 257 can be disposed on the lower part of the second driving electrode 252. The polarizing member 257 can be disposed on the upper part of the display panel 110. The lower surface of the polarizing member 257 can contact the upper surface of the display panel 110. The polarizing member 257 allows light vibrating in a specific direction to pass through and blocks light vibrating in a direction different from the specific direction. In the following text, for ease of explanation, it is assumed that the polarizing member 257 allows light vibrating in a first direction (X-axis direction) (i.e., the first linear polarization direction) to pass through.

[0082] A driving liquid crystal 254 can be disposed between the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252. The driving liquid crystal 254 may include liquid crystal as a birefringent material. In some embodiments, the driving liquid crystal 254 may include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. The arrangement of the liquid crystal molecules in the driving liquid crystal 254 can be changed according to the voltage difference between the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252. For example, the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules can be aligned differently depending on the voltage difference applied to the liquid crystal molecules.

[0083] Reference Figure 3 The polarization control unit 250 can, in response to the drive control of the display driver 120, convert light incident on a path in the first linear polarization direction through the substrate SUB into light incident on a path in the second linear polarization direction during the 2D image display period and allow the light to pass through.

[0084] Specifically, the display driver 120 can supply the first driving voltage equally to the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252.

[0085] When the voltage difference between the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252 is a predetermined value or less, the long axis of the liquid crystal in the lower part of the driving liquid crystal 254 can be aligned in a first direction (X-axis direction). The long axis of the liquid crystal in the upper part of the driving liquid crystal 254 can be aligned in a second direction (Y-axis direction). The long axis of the liquid crystal can gradually change between the upper and lower parts of the driving liquid crystal 254. For example, the driving liquid crystal 254 can be a twisted nematic (TN) liquid crystal. For example, the driving liquid crystal (i.e., liquid crystal layer) 254 can include a plurality of liquid crystal molecules. When the voltage difference between the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252 is a predetermined value or less, the long axes of the plurality of liquid crystal molecules can be gradually aligned from the first direction to the second direction between the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252. The long axis of at least one liquid crystal molecule adjacent to the second driving electrode 252 can be aligned with or fixed to the first direction. The long axis of at least one liquid crystal molecule adjacent to the first driving electrode 251 can be aligned with a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, or can be fixed to a second direction perpendicular to the first direction. The driving liquid crystal 254 can rotate the first linear polarization direction of light incident from the display panel 110 to the second linear polarization direction.

[0086] Light in the first linear polarization direction can be incident on the driving liquid crystal 254 from the polarization member 257. The light in the first linear polarization direction can have its linear polarization direction changed by the liquid crystal as it gradually changes along its long axis. Therefore, the light in the first linear polarization direction can have its polarization direction converted into light in the second linear polarization direction by the driving liquid crystal 254.

[0087] Figure 4 It is according to some embodiments of this disclosure along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken along line I-I'. (Refer to...) Figure 4 The polarization control unit 250 can maintain the incident light on the path in the first linear polarization direction and allow the light to pass through in response to the drive control of the display driver 120 during the 3D image display period.

[0088] When the voltage difference between the first driving electrode 251 and the second driving electrode 252 is greater than a predetermined value, all the liquid crystals in the driving liquid crystal 254 can be aligned in the third direction (Z-axis direction).

[0089] As in Figure 3 In this process, light in the first linear polarization direction can be incident on the driving liquid crystal 254 from the polarization member 257. However, compared with... Figure 3 The difference lies in Figure 4 In this system, light with the first linear polarization direction can pass through a liquid crystal whose long axis is aligned in the third direction (Z-axis). For example, even when passing through the driving liquid crystal 254, incident light with the first linear polarization direction can be output while maintaining the first linear polarization direction.

[0090] The optical lens section 230 can be disposed on the first substrate 210. The optical lens section 230 can be arranged in parallel and formed in the form of a lens sheet. The first substrate 210 can be disposed in a state of being stacked and superimposed with the optical lens section 230, and the optical lens section 230 is formed in the form of a lens sheet.

[0091] The optical lens section 230 includes multiple lenses 231, a black matrix 235, and a light reflecting section (i.e., a light reflecting layer) 236.

[0092] Multiple lenses 231 can be constructed and configured to form a path in a first linear polarization direction according to the arrangement of birefringent materials (e.g., liquid crystal or slits) included in the multiple lenses 231.

[0093] Reference Figure 3 Multiple lenses 231 can allow light that has been converted to the second linear polarization direction by the polarization control unit 250 to pass directly through during the 2D image display period.

[0094] Reference Figure 4 When light on a path in the first linear polarization direction is incident on multiple lenses 231 through the polarization control unit 250 during the 3D image display period, the light in the first linear polarization direction is refracted in the directions of preset view areas V1, V2 and V3 by the arrangement of lens forming material or birefringent material, and displayed as a 3D image.

[0095] Multiple lenses 231 retain light incident on a path in the second linear polarization direction and allow light to pass through. For example, the multiple lenses 231 can allow light polarized in the second linear polarization direction (i.e., light having a second linear polarization direction) to pass through. The multiple lenses 231 refract light incident on a path in the first linear polarization direction into predetermined view areas V1, V2, and V3 respectively, and emit light. In some embodiments, each of the multiple lenses 231 can direct light polarized in the first linear polarization direction into the predetermined view areas V1, V2, and V3. For example, Figure 4 This diagram shows three lenses: a left lens, a right lens, and a center lens located between them. The left, right, and center indicators are as shown. Figure 4 The positions of the three lenses are as follows. The left lens can refract three rays: a first ray refracted to view region V1 (i.e., bent towards view region V1), a second ray refracted to view region V2, and a third ray refracted to view region V3. Other lenses can also refract multiple rays to view regions V1, V2, and V3. Therefore, during the 3D image display period, a 3D stereoscopic image is displayed through multiple lenses 231.

[0096] A black matrix 235 can be disposed between multiple lenses 231. The black matrix 235 may include a light-absorbing material. For example, the light-absorbing material may be a black dye or black pigment. The black matrix 235 can absorb light between the multiple lenses 231. Therefore, the black matrix 235 can prevent crosstalk caused by diffraction of light at the boundary portions of the multiple lenses 231.

[0097] When viewed in a plan view, the length of the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be longer than the length of the upper surface of the black matrix 235. For example, the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be wider than the upper surface of the black matrix 235. The side surfaces of the black matrix 235 can be formed as flat planes. For example, the black matrix 235 can be formed as a trapezoidal shape.

[0098] The light reflector 236 can be disposed between the plurality of lenses 231 and the black matrix 235 to reflect light traveling from the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 toward the black matrix 235. (See below for further details.) Figure 5 and Figure 6 A detailed description of the light reflector 236.

[0099] The filling layer 240 can be disposed on multiple lenses 231, black matrix 235, and light reflector 236. The second substrate 220 can be disposed on the filling layer 240.

[0100] The filler layer 240 may include a transparent material through which light can pass. For example, the filler layer 240 may include an isotropic polymer.

[0101] The refractive index of the filling layer 240 can be the same as the refractive index of the liquid crystal included in the plurality of lenses 231 in the short axis direction. Therefore, depending on the polarization direction of the light passing through the plurality of lenses 231, refraction may or may not occur at the interface between the plurality of lenses 231 and the filling layer 240.

[0102] For example, when the polarization direction of light passing through the plurality of lenses 231 is the same as the long axis direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) of the liquid crystal included in the plurality of lenses 231, refraction can occur at the interface between the plurality of lenses 231 and the filling layer 240.

[0103] When the polarization direction of the light passing through the multiple lenses 231 is the same as the short axis direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) of the liquid crystal included in the multiple lenses 231, refraction may not occur at the interface between the multiple lenses 231 and the filling layer 240.

[0104] Figure 5 It shows Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of region A.

[0105] Reference Figure 5 A light-reflecting section 236 may be disposed between a plurality of lenses 231 and a black matrix 235. A first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting section 236 may contact the plurality of lenses 231, and a second side surface SS2, which is the opposite surface of the first side surface SS1, may contact the black matrix 235. The light-reflecting section 236 may totally reflect light incident at a predetermined critical angle or greater by comprising a material having a lower refractive index than the plurality of lenses 231. For example, the light-reflecting section 236 may totally reflect light incident at said incident angle when the angle of incidence relative to the normal direction of the side surface of the light-reflecting section 236 is equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection according to Snell's law. Snell's law describes the conditions under which incident light is totally internalized.

[0106] The light reflector 236 may include at least one of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin and polyimide resin having a lower refractive index than the plurality of lenses 231.

[0107] The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236 can correspond to the side surface of the black matrix 235. The shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236 can conform to the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235. When the side surface of the black matrix 235 has a flat planar shape, the shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236 can also have a flat planar shape. The angle formed by the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236 and the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be the same as the angle formed by the second side surface SS2 of the light reflecting portion 236 and the lower surface of the black matrix 235. When viewed in a plan view, the light reflecting portion 236 can be formed such that the length of the upper surface and the length of the lower surface are the same. For example, the widths of the upper surface and the lower surface of the light reflecting portion 236 measured in the X-axis direction can be the same.

[0108] The angle θ1 formed by the second side surface SS2 of the light reflector 236 and the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be from 87° to 90°. However, this embodiment is not limited to the above angle, and the specific shapes of the black matrix 235 and the light reflector 236 can be modified to minimize crosstalk at the boundaries of the plurality of lenses 231.

[0109] During the 2D image display period, the light reflector 236 can totally reflect light incident on its first side surface SS1 at a critical angle or greater. For example, when the angle of incidence relative to the normal direction of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflector 236 is equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection according to Snell's law, the light reflector 236 can totally reflect light incident at said angle of incidence.

[0110] The light-reflecting portion 236 that contacts one of the plurality of lenses 231 may include a first light-reflecting portion 236_1 and a second light-reflecting portion 236_2. Compared with the second light-reflecting portion 236_2, the first light-reflecting portion 236_1 may be configured to be adjacent to a first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the lens 231. Compared with the first light-reflecting portion 236_1, the second light-reflecting portion 236_2 may be configured to be adjacent to a third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the lens 231.

[0111] The accompanying drawing illustrates an example of a lens 231 superimposed with a first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, and a third light-emitting region EA3; however, this embodiment is not limited to this. A lens 231 may be superimposed with multiple first light-emitting regions EA1, multiple second light-emitting regions EA2, and multiple third light-emitting regions EA3. Optionally, the number of first light-emitting regions EA1, the number of second light-emitting regions EA2, and the number of third light-emitting regions EA3 superimposed with a lens 231 may be different from each other.

[0112] Since light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on lens 231, is incident at a critical angle or greater on the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting portion 236_1, which is adjacent to the first light-emitting region EA1, the light can be totally internally reflected on the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting portion 236_1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. For example, when the angle of incidence relative to the normal direction of the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting portion 236_1 is equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection according to Snell's law, the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting portion 236_1 can totally internally reflect light incident at the stated angle of incidence. Light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on lens 231, is unlikely to be incident at a critical angle or greater on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting portion 236_2, which is separated from the first light-emitting region EA1. For example, light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 can be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting portion 236_2 at an angle of incidence smaller than the critical angle for total internal reflection, and therefore total internal reflection does not occur. Therefore, the amount of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the lens 231 that is totally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236_2 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290 can be very small.

[0113] Since light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on lens 231, is incident at a critical angle or greater on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting section 236_2, which is adjacent to the third light-emitting region EA3, the light can be totally internally reflected on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting section 236_2 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. For example, when the angle of incidence relative to the normal direction of the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting section 236_2 is equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection according to Snell's law, the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting section 236_2 can totally internally reflect light incident at the stated angle of incidence. Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on lens 231, is unlikely to be incident at a critical angle or greater on the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting section 236_1, which is separated from the third light-emitting region EA3. For example, light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3 can be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting section 236_1 at an angle of incidence smaller than the critical angle for total internal reflection, and therefore total internal reflection does not occur. Therefore, among the light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3 superimposed with lens 231, the amount of light that is totally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting part 236_1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290 can be very small.

[0114] Since the second light-emitting region EA2 is not positioned adjacent to the black matrix 235, light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 is unlikely to be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting part 236 at a critical angle or greater. Therefore, the proportion of light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 that is totally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting part 236 can be lower than the proportion of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 or the third light-emitting region EA3 that is totally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting part 236.

[0115] The light-emitting area adjacent to the black matrix 235 can be located at the edge of the lens 231, and the light-emitting area not adjacent to the black matrix 235 and located separately from the black matrix 235 can be located at the center of the lens 231. For example, as Figure 5 As shown, the first light-emitting region EA1 and the third light-emitting region EA3, which are adjacent to the black matrix 235, can be set at the edge of the lens 231, and the second light-emitting region EA2 can be set at the center of the lens 231.

[0116] The number of first light-emitting regions EA1, second light-emitting regions EA2, and third light-emitting regions EA3 adjacent to the black matrix 235 in the display device 290 can be substantially the same, and the number of first light-emitting regions EA1, second light-emitting regions EA2, and third light-emitting regions EA3 not adjacent to the black matrix 235 and set to be separate from the black matrix 235 in the display device 290 can also be substantially the same. For ease of explanation, in Figure 5 The diagram shows a first emitting region EA1 and a third emitting region EA3 positioned adjacent to the black matrix 235, and a second emitting region EA2 not adjacent to the black matrix 235 and positioned separately from it. However, the embodiments described in this specification are not limited to this. In another cross-section of the display device 290, the first emitting region EA1 and the second emitting region EA2 may be positioned adjacent to the black matrix 235, and the third emitting region EA3 may not be adjacent to the black matrix 235 and may be positioned separately from it. Optionally, in yet another cross-section, the second emitting region EA2 and the third emitting region EA3 may be positioned adjacent to the black matrix 235, and the first emitting region EA1 may not be adjacent to the black matrix 235 and may be positioned separately from it.

[0117] like Figure 5 As shown, light emitted from the light-emitting areas EA1, EA2, and EA3 and traveling toward the black matrix 235 can be reflected by the light-reflecting part 236 and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290 instead of being absorbed by the black matrix 235. Therefore, the brightness of the 2D image on the front surface of the display device 290 can be increased.

[0118] Figure 6 It is shown Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of region A'.

[0119] Reference Figure 6 During the 3D image display period, the light reflector 236 can totally reflect light incident on its first side surface SS1 at a critical angle or greater. Since light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed with the lens 231 is incident on the first side surface SS1 of the first light reflector 236_1 adjacent to the first light-emitting region EA1 at a critical angle or greater, the light can be totally reflected on the first side surface SS1 of the first light reflector 236_1 and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. For example, when the angle of incidence relative to the normal direction of the first side surface SS1 of the first light reflector 236_1 is equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection according to Snell's law, the first side surface SS1 of the first light reflector 236_1 can totally reflect light incident at said angle. Light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed with the lens 231 is unlikely to be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the second light reflector 236_2, which is separated from the first light-emitting region EA1, at a critical angle or greater. For example, light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 can be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting section 236_2 at an angle of incidence smaller than the critical angle for total internal reflection, thus preventing total internal reflection. Therefore, the amount of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the lens 231, that is totally internally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting section 236_2 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290 can be very small.

[0120] Since light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on lens 231, is incident at a critical angle or greater on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236_2 adjacent to the third light-emitting region EA3, the light can be totally internally reflected on the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236_2 and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. For example, when the angle of incidence relative to the normal direction of the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236_2 is equal to or greater than the critical angle for total internal reflection according to Snell's law, the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236_2 can totally internally reflect light incident from the third light-emitting region EA3 at the aforementioned angle of incidence. Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on lens 231, is unlikely to be incident at a critical angle or greater on the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting part 236_1, which is set to be separate from the third light-emitting region EA3. For example, light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3 can be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting section 236_1 at an angle of incidence smaller than the critical angle for total internal reflection, thus preventing total internal reflection. Therefore, the amount of light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the lens 231, that is totally internally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting section 236_1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290 can be very small.

[0121] Since the second light-emitting region EA2 is not positioned adjacent to the black matrix 235, light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 is unlikely to be incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting part 236 at a critical angle or greater. Therefore, the proportion of light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 that is totally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting part 236 can be lower than the proportion of light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1 or the third light-emitting region EA3 that is totally reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting part 236.

[0122] like Figure 6 As shown, light emitted from the light-emitting areas EA1, EA2, and EA3 and traveling toward the black matrix 235 can be reflected by the light-reflecting part 236 and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290 instead of being absorbed by the black matrix 235. Therefore, the brightness of the 3D image on the front surface of the display device 290 can be increased.

[0123] Figure 7 It is shown Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of region A. Figure 8 It is shown Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of region A'.

[0124] Figure 7 and Figure 8 An embodiment in which the light-reflecting part 236a includes a light-reflecting metal is shown. Figure 7The 2D image display period is shown. Figure 8 The 3D image display period is shown. Any parts that overlap with the above will be omitted or briefly described, and the main differences will be described.

[0125] Reference Figure 7 The light reflecting portion 236a may include a metal that reflects light. Therefore, the light reflecting portion 236a can reflect incident light without limiting the angle of incidence of the light.

[0126] For example, the light reflector 236a can reflect all light incident from the light-emitting region, regardless of whether the light-emitting region is adjacent to the light reflector 236a. The light reflector 236a can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting region adjacent to the light reflector 236a as well as light emitted from the light-emitting region away from the light reflector 236a.

[0127] The light-reflecting portion 236a in contact with the first lens 231_1 may include a first light-reflecting portion 236a_1 and a second light-reflecting portion 236a_2. Compared to the second light-reflecting portion 236a_2, the first light-reflecting portion 236a_1 may be configured to be adjacent to a first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1. Compared to the first light-reflecting portion 236a_1, the second light-reflecting portion 236a_2 may be configured to be adjacent to a third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1.

[0128] Light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 adjacent to the first light-emitting region EA1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Light emitted from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, which is separated from the first light-emitting region EA1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290.

[0129] Similarly, light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, which is separated from the second light-emitting region EA2, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290.

[0130] Similarly, light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, which is separated from the third light-emitting region EA3, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290.

[0131] Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the second lens 231_2 adjacent to the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. As a result, the brightness on the front surface of the display device 290 can be further increased.

[0132] The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a can contact the first lens 231_1, and the second side surface SS2, which is the opposite surface of the first side surface SS1, can contact the black matrix 235. The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a can correspond to the side surface of the black matrix 235. The shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a can conform to the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235. When the side surface of the black matrix 235 has a flat planar shape, the shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a can also have a flat planar shape. The angle formed by the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a and the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be the same as the angle formed by the second side surface SS2 of the light reflecting portion 236a and the lower surface of the black matrix 235. When viewed in a planar view, the light reflecting portion 236a can be formed such that the length of the upper surface and the length of the lower surface are the same. For example, the upper surface and the lower surface of the light reflecting part 236a may have the same width measured in the X-axis direction.

[0133] For example, the angle θ2 formed by the second side surface SS2 of the light reflector 236a and the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be 87° to 90°. However, this embodiment is not limited to the above angle, and the specific shapes of the black matrix 235 and the light reflector 236a can be modified to minimize crosstalk at the boundaries of the plurality of lenses 231.

[0134] Taking the first light-emitting region EA1 as an example, light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 to the upper side of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 to the lower side of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0135] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 to the upper side of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 to the lower side of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0136] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, the light emitted from the second light-emitting area EA2 and the third light-emitting area EA3 can also be reflected from the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 and the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, guided toward the center of the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Therefore, the brightness of all light-emitting areas EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be increased.

[0137] like Figure 7 As shown, since the light reflecting portion 236a includes a light-reflecting metal, all light incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a can be reflected. Specifically, as the light reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a is guided toward the center of the first lens 231_1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290, the brightness of the central portion of the first lens 231_1 can be increased.

[0138] Reference Figure 8 The light reflector 236a can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting areas EA1, EA2 and EA3 during the 3D image display period and emit the light to the outside of the display device 290.

[0139] Taking the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 as an example, light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 to the upper side of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 to the lower side of the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1, and can also be refracted at the interface between the first lens 231_1 and the filling layer 240 in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0140] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the upper side of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the lower side of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2 can be reflected in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1, and can also be refracted at the interface between the first lens 231_1 and the filling layer 240 in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0141] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 and the third light-emitting region EA3, which are superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can also be reflected from the first light-reflecting part 236a_1 and the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, guided toward the center of the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Therefore, the brightness of all light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be increased.

[0142] Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the second lens 231_2 adjacent to the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. As a result, the brightness on the front surface of the display device 290 can be further increased.

[0143] like Figure 8 As shown, since the light reflecting portion 236a includes a light-reflecting metal, all light incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a can be reflected. Specifically, when the light reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236a is guided toward the center of the first lens 231_1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290, the brightness of the central portion of the first lens 231_1 can be increased.

[0144] Figure 9 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I'. Figure 10 and Figure 11 It is shown Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of region B.

[0145] Figure 10 This shows the time period for displaying 2D images. Figure 11 The 3D image display period is shown. Any parts that overlap with the above will be omitted or briefly described, and the main differences will be described.

[0146] Reference Figure 9When viewed in a plan view, the length of the upper surface of the black matrix 235b can be shorter than the length of the lower surface of the black matrix 235b. For example, the width of the upper surface of the black matrix 235b measured in the X-axis direction can be narrower than the width of the lower surface of the black matrix 235b measured in the X-axis direction. The side surfaces of the black matrix 235b can be formed as curved surfaces. For example, the side surfaces of the black matrix 235b can be concave.

[0147] The side surface of the light-reflecting portion 236b may correspond to the side surface of the black matrix 235b. The shape of the side surface of the light-reflecting portion 236b may conform to the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235b. The side surface of the light-reflecting portion 236b may be formed as a curved surface. In some embodiments, the side surface of the light-reflecting portion 236b may be recessed.

[0148] The light reflecting portion 236b may include a metal that reflects light. Therefore, the light reflecting portion 236b can reflect incident light without limiting the angle of incidence of the light.

[0149] Specifically, refer to Figure 10 The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236b can contact the plurality of lenses 231, and the second side surface SS2, which is the opposite surface of the first side surface SS1, can contact the black matrix 235b. The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236b can correspond to the side surface of the black matrix 235b. The shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236b can conform to the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235b. When the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235b is a curved surface or a concave surface, the shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236b can also be a curved surface or a concave surface.

[0150] The light-reflecting portion 236b in contact with the first lens 231_1 may include a first light-reflecting portion 236b_1 and a second light-reflecting portion 236b_2. Compared to the second light-reflecting portion 236b_2, the first light-reflecting portion 236b_1 may be configured to be adjacent to a first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1. Compared to the first light-reflecting portion 236b_1, the second light-reflecting portion 236b_2 may be configured to be adjacent to a third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1.

[0151] The accompanying drawings illustrate an example of one lens 231 superimposed with a first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, and a third light-emitting region EA3, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. A lens 231 may be superimposed with multiple light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3, or with different numbers of light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3.

[0152] In the first direction (X-axis direction), the distance l1 between the upper side 236b_t of the first light reflecting part 236b_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can be greater than the distance l3 between the central part 236b_c of the first light reflecting part 236b_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1.

[0153] In the first direction (X-axis direction), the distance l3 between the central portion 236b_c of the first light reflecting portion 236b_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can be greater than the distance l2 between the lower side 236b_b of the first light reflecting portion 236b_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1. The central portion 236b_c of the first light reflecting portion 236b can be separated from the upper side 236b_t and the lower side 236b_b of the first light reflecting portion 236b by the same distance. For example, the central portion 236b_c can be disposed between the upper side 236b_t and the lower side 236b_b.

[0154] The increase in distance in the first direction (X-axis direction) between a portion of the side surface of the first light reflecting portion 236b_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can decrease from the lower side 236b_b to the upper side 236b_t of the first light reflecting portion 236b_1. For example, the slope of the side surface of the first light reflecting portion 236b_1 in the first direction (X-axis direction) can become steeper from the lower side 236b_b to the upper side 236b_t of the first light reflecting portion 236b_1.

[0155] Similarly, the increase in distance in the first direction (X-axis direction) between a portion of the side surface of the second light reflector 236b_2 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can decrease from the lower to the upper side of the second light reflector 236b_2. For example, the slope of the side surface of the second light reflector 236b_2 in the first direction (X-axis direction) can become steeper from the lower to the upper side of the second light reflector 236b_2. During the 2D image display period, the light reflector 236b can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 that contacts the first side surface SS1 of the light reflector 236b. The light reflector 236b can also reflect light emitted from the light-emitting regions superimposed on lenses adjacent to the first lens 231_1.

[0156] For example, light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the second lens 231_2 adjacent to the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236b_2, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. As a result, the brightness on the front surface of the display device 290 can be further increased.

[0157] In other words, light emitted from the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be reflected by the light-reflecting part 236b and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. The light-reflecting part 236b is in contact with the lens 231 that is superimposed on the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3.

[0158] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed with the first lens 231_1 to the upper side 236b_t of the first light-reflecting part 236b_1 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed with the first lens 231_1 to the lower side 236b_b of the first light-reflecting part 236b_1 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1.

[0159] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the upper side of the second light-reflecting part 236b_2 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the lower side of the second light-reflecting part 236b_2 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1.

[0160] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 and the third light-emitting region EA3, which are superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can also be reflected from the first light-reflecting part 236b_1 and the second light-reflecting part 236b_2, guided toward the edge of the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Therefore, the brightness of all light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be increased.

[0161] like Figure 10 As shown, since the light-reflecting portion 236b includes a light-reflecting metal, all light incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting portion 236b can be reflected. Specifically, since the light-reflecting portion 236b is formed as a recessed surface, the light reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting portion 236b is guided toward the edges of the first lens 231_1 and the lens adjacent to the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290, thereby increasing the brightness at the edges of the first lens 231_1 and the lens adjacent to the first lens 231_1.

[0162] Reference Figure 11The light reflector 236b can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting areas EA1, EA2 and EA3 during the 3D image display period and emit the light to the outside of the display device 290.

[0163] Taking the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 as an example, light traveling from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 to the upper side of the first light-reflecting part 236b_1 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1. Light traveling from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 to the lower side of the first light-reflecting part 236b_1 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1, and can be refracted at the interface between the first lens 231_1 and the filling layer 240 in the direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0164] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the upper side of the second light-reflecting part 236b_2 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the lower side of the second light-reflecting part 236b_2 can be reflected in the direction toward the edge of the first lens 231_1, and can be refracted at the interface between the first lens 231_1 and the filling layer 240 in the direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0165] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, light emitted from the second light-emitting region EA2 and the third light-emitting region EA3, which are superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can also be reflected from the first light-reflecting part 236b_1 and the second light-reflecting part 236b_2, guided toward the edge or center of the first lens 231_1, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Therefore, the brightness of all light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be increased.

[0166] Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the second lens 231_2 adjacent to the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236a_2, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. As a result, the brightness on the front surface of the display device 290 can be further increased.

[0167] like Figure 11As shown, since the light reflecting portion 236b includes a light-reflecting metal, all light incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236b can be reflected. Specifically, since the light reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236b is guided toward the edge or center of the first lens 231_1 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290, the brightness of the edge or center portion of the first lens 231_1 can be increased.

[0168] Figure 12 It is along Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the display device taken by line I-I'. Figure 13 and Figure 14 It shows Figure 12 A cross-sectional view of region C.

[0169] Figure 13 This shows the time period for displaying 2D images. Figure 14 The 3D image display period is shown. Any parts that overlap with the above will be omitted or briefly described, and the main differences will be described.

[0170] Reference Figure 12 When viewed in a plan view, the length of the upper surface of the black matrix 235c may be equal to the length of the lower surface of the black matrix 235c. The side surfaces of the black matrix 235c may be formed as curved surfaces. In some embodiments, the side surfaces of the black matrix 235c may be recessed.

[0171] The side surface of the light reflector 236c may correspond to the side surface of the black matrix 235c. The shape of the side surface of the light reflector 236c may conform to the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235c. The side surface of the light reflector 236c may be formed as a curved surface. In some embodiments, the side surface of the light reflector 236c may be recessed.

[0172] The light reflecting portion 236c may include a metal that reflects light. Therefore, the light reflecting portion 236c can reflect incident light without limiting the angle of incidence of the light.

[0173] Specifically, refer to Figure 13 The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236c can contact the plurality of lenses 231, and the second side surface SS2, which is the opposite surface of the first side surface SS1, can contact the black matrix 235c. The first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236c can correspond to the side surface of the black matrix 235c. The shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236c can conform to the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235c. When the shape of the side surface of the black matrix 235c is a curved surface or a concave surface, the shape of the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting part 236c can also be a curved surface or a concave surface.

[0174] The light-reflecting portion 236c in contact with the first lens 231_1 may include a first light-reflecting portion 236c_1 and a second light-reflecting portion 236c_2. Compared to the second light-reflecting portion 236c_2, the first light-reflecting portion 236c_1 may be configured to be adjacent to a first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1. Compared to the first light-reflecting portion 236c_1, the second light-reflecting portion 236c_2 may be configured to be adjacent to a third light-emitting region EA3 superimposed on the first lens 231_1.

[0175] The accompanying drawings illustrate an example of one lens 231 superimposed with a first light-emitting region EA1, a second light-emitting region EA2, and a third light-emitting region EA3, but this disclosure is not limited thereto. A lens 231 may be superimposed with multiple light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3, or with different numbers of light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3.

[0176] In the first direction (X-axis direction), the distance l4 between the upper side 236c_t of the first light reflecting part 236c_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can be shorter than the distance l6 between the central part 236c_c of the first light reflecting part 236c_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1.

[0177] In the first direction (X-axis direction), the distance l6 between the central portion 236c_c of the first light reflecting part 236c_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can be greater than the distance l5 between the lower side 236c_b of the first light reflecting part 236c_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1. The central portion 236c_c of the first light reflecting part 236c_1 can be separated from the upper side 236c_t and the lower side 236c_b of the first light reflecting part 236c_1 by the same distance.

[0178] The increase in distance in the first direction (X-axis direction) between a portion of the side surface of the first light reflecting portion 236c_1 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can be from the lower side 236c_b of the first light reflecting portion 236c_1 to the central portion 236c_c, and then from the central portion 236c_c of the first light reflecting portion 236c_1 to the upper side 236c_t. For example, the magnitude of the slope of the side surface of the first light reflecting portion 236c_1 in the first direction (X-axis direction) can be from the lower side 236c_b of the first light reflecting portion 236c_1 to the central portion 236c_c, and then from the central portion 236c_c of the first light reflecting portion 236c_1 to the upper side 236c_t.

[0179] Similarly, the increase in distance in the first direction (X-axis direction) between a portion of the side surface of the second light reflector 236c_2 and the central axis AXS of the first lens 231_1 can decrease from the lower side to the center of the second light reflector 236c_2, and then increase from the center to the upper side. For example, the magnitude of the slope of the side surface of the second light reflector 236c_2 in the first direction (X-axis direction) can increase from the lower side to the center of the second light reflector 236c_2, and then decrease from the center to the upper side.

[0180] During the 2D image display period, the light reflecting portion 236c can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 superimposed with the first lens 231_1, which contacts the first side surface SS1 of the light reflecting portion 236c. The light reflecting portion 236c can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting regions superimposed with the lens, which is adjacent to the first lens 231_1.

[0181] For example, light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the second lens 231_2, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting portion 236b_2, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290, with the second lens 231_2 adjacent to the first lens 231_1. As a result, the brightness on the front surface of the display device 290 can be further increased.

[0182] Light emitted from the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be reflected by the light-reflecting portion 236c in contact with lens 231 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Lens 231 is superimposed on the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3. Light emitted from the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be reflected by the light-reflecting portion 236c in contact with lens 231 and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Lens 231 is adjacent to the lens 231 superimposed on the light-emitting regions EA1, EA2, and EA3.

[0183] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed with the first lens 231_1 to the upper side 236c_t of the first light-reflecting part 236c_1 can be reflected to a specific position. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed with the first lens 231_1 to the lower side 236c_b of the first light-reflecting part 236c_1 can be reflected to a specific position.

[0184] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the upper side of the second light-reflecting part 236c_2 can be reflected to a specific position. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the lower side of the second light-reflecting part 236c_2 can be reflected to a specific position.

[0185] The specific position can be determined by at least one of the curvature of the light reflecting part 236c, the height of the light reflecting part 236c, the curvature of the plurality of lenses 231, the refractive index of the plurality of lenses 231, and the distance between the light emitting regions EA1, EA2 and EA3 and the plurality of lenses 231.

[0186] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, light emitted from the second light-emitting area EA2 and the third light-emitting area EA3, which are superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can also be reflected from the first light reflector 236c_1 and the second light reflector 236c_2, guided toward a specific position, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Therefore, the brightness of all light-emitting areas EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be increased.

[0187] like Figure 13 As shown, since the light-reflecting portion 236c includes a light-reflecting metal, all light incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting portion 236c can be reflected. Specifically, since the light-reflecting portion 236c has a recessed surface and the upper and lower sides of the light-reflecting portion 236c have the same length in the first direction (X-axis direction), the light reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting portion 236c is guided toward a specific position and emitted to the outside of the display device 290, thereby increasing the brightness of the display device 290 when viewed from that specific position.

[0188] Reference Figure 14 The light reflector 236c can reflect light emitted from the light-emitting areas EA1, EA2 and EA3 during the 3D image display period and emit the light to the outside of the display device 290.

[0189] Taking the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 as an example, light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 to the upper side 236c_t of the first light-reflecting part 236c_1 can be reflected to a specific position. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1 superimposed on the first lens 231_1 to the lower side 236c_b of the first light-reflecting part 236c_1 can be reflected in a direction toward the specific position, and can be refracted at the interface between the first lens 231_1 and the filling layer 240 in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0190] Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the upper side of the second light-reflecting part 236c_2 can be reflected to a specific position. Light that has traveled from the first light-emitting region EA1, which is superimposed on the first lens 231_1, to the lower side of the second light-reflecting part 236c_2 can be reflected in a direction toward the specific position, and can be refracted at the interface between the first lens 231_1 and the filling layer 240 in a direction toward the center of the first lens 231_1.

[0191] The specific position can be determined by at least one of the curvature of the light reflecting part 236c, the height of the light reflecting part 236c, the curvature of the plurality of lenses 231, the refractive index of the plurality of lenses 231, and the distance between the light emitting regions EA1, EA2 and EA3 and the plurality of lenses 231.

[0192] Although not shown in the accompanying drawings, light emitted from the second light-emitting area EA2 and the third light-emitting area EA3, which are superimposed on the first lens 231_1, can also be reflected from the first light reflector 236c_1 and the second light reflector 236c_2, guided toward a specific position, and emitted to the outside of the display device 290. Therefore, the brightness of all light-emitting areas EA1, EA2, and EA3 can be increased.

[0193] Light emitted from the third light-emitting region EA3, which is superimposed on the second lens 231_2 adjacent to the first lens 231_1, can be reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the second light-reflecting part 236c_2, which is in contact with the first lens 231_1, and emitted in the forward direction of the display device 290. As a result, the brightness on the front surface of the display device 290 can be further increased.

[0194] like Figure 14 As shown, since the light-reflecting portion 236c includes a light-reflecting metal, all light incident on the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting portion 236c can be reflected. Specifically, since the light-reflecting portion 236c has a recessed surface and the upper and lower sides of the light-reflecting portion 236c have the same length in the first direction (X-axis direction), the light reflected from the first side surface SS1 of the light-reflecting portion 236c is guided toward a specific position and emitted to the outside of the display device 290, thereby increasing the brightness of the display device 290 when viewed from that specific position.

[0195] Figure 15 It is shown Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the substrate, thin-film transistor layer, light-emitting element layer, and encapsulation film.

[0196] Reference Figure 15 The display panel 110 may include a substrate SUB, a thin film transistor layer (TFTL), a light-emitting element layer (EML), and a packaging layer (TFE).

[0197] The thin-film transistor layer (TFTL) includes an active layer (ACT), a first gate layer (GTL1), a second gate layer (GTL2), a first data metal layer (DTL1), and a second data metal layer (DTL2). The TFTL also includes a gate insulating film (130), a first interlayer insulating film (141), a second interlayer insulating film (142), a first planarization film (160), and a second planarization film (180). The TFTL further includes a plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs), each of which includes a channel (TCH), a gate electrode (TG), a first electrode (TS), and a second electrode (TD).

[0198] The active layer ACT can be disposed on the substrate SUB. The active layer ACT can include silicon semiconductors such as polycrystalline silicon, monocrystalline silicon, and low-temperature polycrystalline silicon, or it can include oxide semiconductors.

[0199] The active layer ACT may include a channel TCH, a first electrode TS, and a second electrode TD for each of a plurality of thin-film transistors (TFTs). The channel TCH may be a region superimposed on the gate electrode TG of the thin-film transistor TFT in a third direction (Z-axis direction) of the thickness direction of the substrate SUB. The first electrode TS may be disposed on one side of the channel TCH, and the second electrode TD may be disposed on the other side of the channel TCH. The first electrode TS and the second electrode TD may be regions not superimposed on the gate electrode TG in a third direction. The first electrode TS and the second electrode TD may be regions in which ions are doped into silicon semiconductors or oxide semiconductors to provide conductivity.

[0200] The gate insulating film 130 can be disposed on the active layer ACT. The gate insulating film 130 can be formed as an inorganic film, such as a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0201] The first gate layer GTL1 may be disposed on the gate insulating film 130. The first gate layer GTL1 may include the gate electrode TG and the first capacitor electrode CAE1 of each of the plurality of thin-film transistor TFTs. The first gate layer GTL1 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers made of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd) and copper (Cu) or their alloys.

[0202] The first interlayer insulating film 141 can be disposed on the first gate layer GTL1. The first interlayer insulating film 141 can be formed as an inorganic film, such as a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0203] The second gate layer GTL2 can be disposed on the first interlayer insulating film 141. The second gate layer GTL2 may include a second capacitor electrode CAE2. The second capacitor electrode CAE2 may be stacked with the first capacitor electrode CAE1 in the third direction (Z-axis direction). The capacitor Cst may include the first capacitor electrode CAE1 and the second capacitor electrode CAE2. The second gate layer GTL2 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers made of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd) and copper (Cu) or their alloys.

[0204] The second interlayer insulating film 142 can be disposed on the second gate layer GTL2. The second interlayer insulating film 142 can be formed as an inorganic film, such as a silicon nitride layer, a silicon oxynitride layer, a silicon oxide layer, a titanium oxide layer, or an aluminum oxide layer.

[0205] A first data metal layer DTL1, including a first connection electrode CE1, can be disposed on a second interlayer insulating film 142. The first connection electrode CE1 can be connected to the first electrode TS or the second electrode TD of the thin-film transistor TFT through a first contact hole CT1 penetrating the gate insulating film 130, the first interlayer insulating film 141, and the second interlayer insulating film 142. The first data metal layer DTL1 can be formed as a single layer or multiple layers made of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu) or their alloys.

[0206] A first planarization film 160 for planarizing the steps caused by the active layer ACT, the first gate layer GTL1, the second gate layer GTL2, and the first data metal layer DTL1 may be disposed on the first data metal layer DTL1. The first planarization film 160 may be formed as an organic film made of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, etc.

[0207] A second data metal layer DTL2 may be disposed on the first planarization film 160. The second data metal layer DTL2 may include a second connection electrode CE2. The second connection electrode CE2 may be connected to the first connection electrode CE1 through a second contact hole CT2 penetrating the first planarization film 160. The second data metal layer DTL2 may be formed as a single layer or multiple layers made of any one of molybdenum (Mo), aluminum (Al), chromium (Cr), gold (Au), titanium (Ti), nickel (Ni), neodymium (Nd), and copper (Cu) or their alloys.

[0208] The second planarization film 180 can be disposed on the second data metal layer DTL2. The second planarization film 180 can be formed as an organic film made of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, etc.

[0209] The light-emitting element layer (EML) can be disposed on the second planarization film 180. The EML may include a plurality of light-emitting elements (LELs) and a pixel defining film 190. Each of the plurality of light-emitting elements (LELs) may be an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) element including a pixel electrode 171, a light-emitting layer 172, and a common electrode 173, but the embodiments in this specification are not limited thereto.

[0210] Pixel electrode 171 can be disposed on the second planarization film 180. Pixel electrode 171 can be connected to the second connection electrode CE2 through a third contact hole CT3 penetrating the second planarization film 180.

[0211] In a top-emitting structure that emits light in the direction of the common electrode 173 relative to the light-emitting layer 172, the pixel electrode 171 can be formed of a metallic material with high reflectivity, such as a stacked structure of aluminum and titanium (Ti / Al / Ti), a stacked structure of aluminum and indium tin oxide (ITO) (ITO / Al / ITO), an APC alloy, and a stacked structure of APC alloy and ITO (ITO / APC / ITO). The APC alloy is an alloy of silver (Ag), palladium (Pd), and copper (Cu).

[0212] A pixel defining film 190 may be disposed on the second planarization film 180 to cover the edge of each of the pixel electrodes 171 to define a plurality of light-emitting units EA. The pixel defining film 190 may be formed as an organic film made of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin or polyimide resin.

[0213] Each of the light-emitting units EA represents a region in which pixel electrode 171, light-emitting layer 172 and common electrode 173 are stacked sequentially, and holes from pixel electrode 171 and electrons from common electrode 173 recombine with each other in light-emitting layer 172 to emit light.

[0214] The light-emitting layer 172 may be disposed on the pixel electrode 171. The light-emitting layer 172 may include organic materials to emit light of a predetermined color. For example, the light-emitting layer 172 may include a hole transport layer, an organic material layer, and an electron transport layer.

[0215] A common electrode 173 may be disposed on the light-emitting layer 172. The common electrode 173 may be configured to cover the light-emitting layer 172. The common electrode 173 may be a common layer formed in multiple light-emitting units EA. A cover layer may be formed on the common electrode 173.

[0216] In the top-emitting structure, the common electrode 173 can be formed of a transparent conductive material (TCO) capable of transmitting light (such as ITO and indium zinc oxide (IZO)) or a semi-transmissive conductive material (such as magnesium (Mg), silver (Ag), and alloys of magnesium (Mg) and silver (Ag)). When the common electrode 173 is formed of a semi-transmissive conductive material, the luminous efficiency can be increased through the microcavity.

[0217] Spacer 191 can be disposed on pixel defining film 190. Spacer 191 can be used to support the mask during the process of manufacturing light-emitting layer 172. Spacer 191 can be formed as an organic film made of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, polyimide resin, etc.

[0218] The encapsulation layer TFE can be disposed on the common electrode 173. The encapsulation layer TFE may include at least one inorganic film to prevent oxygen or moisture from penetrating into the light-emitting element layer EML. The encapsulation layer TFE may also include at least one organic film to protect the light-emitting element layer EML from foreign matter such as dust. For example, the encapsulation layer TFE may include a first encapsulation inorganic film TFE1, an encapsulation organic film TFE2, and a second encapsulation inorganic film TFE3.

[0219] A first encapsulating inorganic film TFE1 can be disposed on the common electrode 173, an encapsulating organic film TFE2 can be disposed on the first encapsulating inorganic film TFE1, and a second encapsulating inorganic film TFE3 can be disposed on the encapsulating organic film TFE2. The first encapsulating inorganic film TFE1 and the second encapsulating inorganic film TFE3 can be formed as a multi-film structure in which one or more inorganic films, including silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, and aluminum oxide layers, are alternately stacked. The encapsulating organic film TFE2 can be an organic film made of acrylic resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, polyamide resin, or polyimide resin.

[0220] For example, in Figure 15 The diagram shows that the third luminous region EA3 is larger than the first luminous region EA1, and the first luminous region EA1 is larger than the second luminous region EA2. Here, the first luminous region EA1 can be a red luminous region, the second luminous region EA2 can be a green luminous region, and the third luminous region EA3 can be a blue luminous region. However, this embodiment is not limited to the relative sizes of the luminous regions.

[0221] Figure 16 This is a flowchart describing a method for manufacturing a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figures 17 to 23 This is a view used to describe a method of manufacturing a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0222] In the following text, reference will be made to Figures 16 to 23Methods for manufacturing a display device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure are described. Any parts that are repeated in the above embodiments will be omitted or briefly described.

[0223] First, a black matrix 235 is formed on the first substrate 210. Figure 16 (S100 in the middle).

[0224] Specifically, refer to Figure 17 A black matrix 235 is formed on the first substrate 210. In the first direction (X-axis direction), the length of the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be longer than the length of the upper surface of the black matrix 235. For example, the angle θ1 formed by the side surface and the lower surface of the black matrix 235 can be 87° to 90°.

[0225] Next, light-reflecting portions 236 are deposited on the black matrix 235 and the first substrate 210 not covered by the black matrix 235. Figure 16 (S200 in the middle).

[0226] Reference Figure 18 Light reflective portions 236 can be deposited on the black matrix 235 and on the first substrate 210 that is exposed but not covered by the black matrix 235. In the region superimposed with the black matrix 235, the light reflective portions 236 can conform to the shape of the black matrix 235.

[0227] Next, photoresist PR is applied to the light-reflecting part 236, and the photoresist PR is exposed and developed. Figure 16 (S300).

[0228] Reference Figure 19 A photoresist PR can be applied to the light-reflecting part 236. In the area superimposed with the black matrix 235, the photoresist PR can conform to the shape of the black matrix 235.

[0229] Exposure to photoresist PR can be performed using a mask MSK with openings formed therein. The openings of the mask MSK can be superimposed on the black matrix 235 in the third direction (Z-axis direction).

[0230] Next, the remaining photoresist PR after development is etched. Figure 16 (S400).

[0231] Reference Figure 20 The remaining photoresist PR after development is etched using wet etching or dry etching. In such a process, the exposed portions of the light-reflecting part 236 that are not covered by the photoresist PR can be removed.

[0232] Next, liquid crystal lenses are imprinted between the black matrix 235. Figure 16(S500).

[0233] Reference Figure 21 After etching, the light-reflecting portion 236 can be retained only on the side surface of the black matrix 235. (See reference...) Figure 22 Multiple lenses 231 can be imprinted between the light-reflecting parts 236 of the black matrix 235.

[0234] Next, a second substrate 220 and a filling layer 240 can be provided on the multiple lenses 231, the black matrix 235 and the light reflecting part 236.

[0235] Reference Figure 23 The filling layer 240 may have a refractive index in the short axis direction of the liquid crystal included in the plurality of lenses 231, so that refraction may or may not occur at the interface between the plurality of lenses 231 and the filling layer 240, depending on the polarization direction of the light passing through the plurality of lenses 231.

[0236] The second substrate 220 may include materials such as glass and plastic through which light can pass.

[0237] Figure 24 This is a diagram illustrating an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 24 According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electronic device 1000 can output various information (e.g., images, text, music, etc.) through the display module 1140. The display module 1140 can, for example, correspond to... Figure 1 The display device 290 shown is used. When the processor 1110 executes an application stored in the memory 1120, the display module 1140 can provide application information to the user through the display panel 1141.

[0238] In some embodiments, electronic device 1000 may be configured as a smartphone, camera, smart TV, monitor, smartwatch, tablet, automotive display, or AR / VR headset. For example, electronic device 1000 may be a smartphone including a touch-sensitive display area DA for interaction and a non-display area NDA including sensors and circuitry for enhanced functionality. For example, electronic device 1000 may be a television or monitor including a large display area DA for high-resolution video playback and a non-display area NDA incorporating drive circuitry or connection modules for external input. For example, electronic device 1000 may be a smartwatch including a display area DA optimized for compact and high-definition vision and a non-display area NDA integrating biometric sensors for health monitoring. In some cases, electronic device 1000 is an AR / VR headset.

[0239] In some embodiments, memory 1120 may store information such as software code for operating application 1123. Application 1123 may include software designed to perform specific tasks or provide functionality to a user. Application 1123 may operate under the control of processor 1110 and utilize data stored in memory 1120 to deliver a wide range of features, such as productivity tools, multimedia streaming and playback, file or mail delivery, or communication services. Application 1123 interacts seamlessly with user interface 1161 or touchscreen 1142, allowing the user to launch, navigate, and utilize the program through user input such as touch, tap, gestures, or voice interaction.

[0240] When a user selects an application via touchscreen 1142 or user interface 1161, processor 1110 can execute application program 1123 corresponding to the selected application retrieved from memory 1120 to perform the application's functions. For example, when a user selects a camera application by tapping an icon (or camera application icon) displayed on display panel 1141, processor 1110 activates the camera module. Processor 1110 can then transfer image data corresponding to a captured image obtained by the camera module to display module 1140. Display module 1140 can then display the image corresponding to the captured image via display panel 1141.

[0241] As another example, when a user wishes to make a phone call, the user taps the phone icon displayed on the display module 1140, and the processor 1110 can execute the phone application stored in the memory 1120. A keypad can be displayed on the display panel 1141 for the user to enter the phone number to call.

[0242] As another example, the display module 1140 can be integrated into the electronic device 1000 (such as a laptop computer, smart TV, or tablet computer). Users wishing to access multimedia streaming applications (e.g., watching music videos or movies) can do so by tapping the corresponding icon. This action activates the application, allowing the user to view the streamed content.

[0243] Processor 1110 may include a main processor 1111 and an auxiliary or coprocessor 1112. The main processor 1111 may include a central processing unit (CPU). The main processor 1111 may also include one or more of a graphics processing unit (GPU), a communication processor (CP), and an image signal processor (ISP).

[0244] The coprocessor 1112 may include a controller 1112-1. The controller 1112-1 may include interface conversion circuitry and timing control circuitry. The controller 1112-1 can receive image signals from the main processor 1111, convert the data format of the image signals to match the interface specifications of the display module 1140, and output the image data. The controller 1112-1 can output various control signals to drive the display module 1140. For example, the controller 1112-1 can drive the display module 1140 to display icons suitable for user selection on the display screen, thereby enabling the execution of the application program 1123.

[0245] The memory 1120 may store one or more applications 1123 and various data used by at least one component of the electronic device 1000 (e.g., processor 1110 or user interface 1161), and data for inputting or outputting commands associated therewith. Examples include camera applications, GPS applications, augmented reality and virtual reality applications, and other applications that may be executed by the processor 1110 when the user selects a corresponding icon presented on the display screen (or display panel 1141) via touch screen 1142 or user interface 1161. Additionally, various setting data corresponding to user settings may be stored in the memory 1120. The memory 1120 may include volatile memory 1121 and non-volatile memory 1122.

[0246] Display module 1140 can output visual information (images) to a user. Display module 1140 may include a display panel 1141, a gate driver, a source driver, a voltage generation circuit, and a touch screen 1142. Display module 1140 may also include a window, a chassis, and a bracket to protect the display panel 1141. Display module 1140 may include... Figure 1 At least a portion of the structure of the display device 290 shown.

[0247] User interface 1161 serves as an interaction medium between the user and electronic device 1000. User interface 1161 can detect input via a part of the user's body (e.g., a finger) or via a pen or mouse, and generate electrical signals or data values ​​corresponding to the input. User interface 1161 includes a fingerprint sensor 1162, an input sensor 1163, and a digitizer 1164.

[0248] The fingerprint sensor 1162 can sense a fingerprint used for a user's biometric identification and can also measure one or more biometric signals (such as blood pressure, humidity, or weight).

[0249] Input sensor 1163 can sense user interactions including touch, tap, gesture, motion, verbal commands, and eye movements. Input sensor 1163 includes optical sensors for image capture, eye tracking, or motion and gesture detection. The optical sensors can be infrared or semiconductor photodetectors. Input sensor 1163 includes audio and acoustic sensors, which can be MEMS microphones for voice recognition or voice-based interaction. The audio and acoustic sensors can be mounted or embedded in display panel 1141 as part of user interface 1161.

[0250] The digitizer 1164 can generate data values ​​corresponding to coordinate information input via a pen or mouse to control cursor movement on the screen. The digitizer 1164 can also generate electromagnetic changes caused by the input as data values. The digitizer can detect input via a passive pen, or send and receive data using an active pen or remote control.

[0251] At least one of the fingerprint sensor 1162, the input sensor 1163, and the digitizer 1164 can be implemented as a sensor layer formed on the top layer of the display panel 1141 by a process that is continuous with the process of forming elements (e.g., light-emitting elements, transistors, etc.) included in the display panel 1141.

[0252] Additionally, the user interface 1161 may include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyroscope sensor for sensing rotational motion, an accelerometer for tracking translational motion, a grip sensor, a pressure sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an infrared (IR) emitter and camera sensor for tracking gaze direction and eye movement, a temperature sensor, or a light sensor. For example, the gyroscope sensor, accelerometer, and infrared emitter and camera may be particularly suitable for AR / VR headset functionality.

[0253] Touch screen 1142 includes a touch sensor embedded in a semiconductor layer of display panel 1141 to sense pressure applied to the top layer (screen) of display panel 1141. The touch sensor can be capacitive or resistive. Touch screen 1142 can be used as a primary interface for users to select and navigate applications, control electronic device 1000, and interact with electronic device 1000.

[0254] The display panel 1141 (or display) may include a liquid crystal display panel, an organic light-emitting display panel, or an inorganic light-emitting display panel, and there are no particular limitations on the type of display panel 1141. The display panel 1141 may be a rigid type or a flexible type that can be rolled up or folded. The display module 1140 may also include a support member, bracket, heat dissipation component, etc., to support the display panel 1141. The display panel 1141 may include display units.

[0255] Power module 1150 can supply power to the components of electronic device 1000. Power module 1150 may include a battery that is charged by a power supply voltage. The battery may include a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell. Power module 1150 may include a power management integrated circuit (PMIC). The PMIC can provide optimized power to each of the aforementioned components, including display module 1140.

[0256] However, it should be understood that the aspects and features of the embodiments of this disclosure are not limited to those set forth herein. The above and other aspects of this disclosure will become more apparent to those skilled in the art to which this disclosure pertains by referring to the claims and their equivalents, which will be included therein.

Claims

1. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: Display panel; and Optical components are disposed on the display panel. The optical component includes: a substrate; a polarization control unit disposed on the substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction; a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control unit; a black matrix disposed on the polarization control unit and in the space between two adjacent lenses among the plurality of lenses; and a light-reflecting layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses. The refractive index of the light-reflecting layer is lower than that of each of the plurality of lenses.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower surface of the black matrix is ​​wider than the upper surface of the black matrix.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side surface of the black matrix is ​​a flat plane.

4. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side surface of the light-reflecting layer is a flat plane.

5. The display device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The angle between the side surface of the light-reflecting layer and the lower surface of the black matrix is ​​87° to 90°.

6. A display device, characterized in that, The display device includes: Display panel; and Optical components are disposed on the display panel. The optical component includes: a substrate; a polarization control unit disposed on the substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction; a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control unit; a black matrix disposed on the polarization control unit and between the plurality of lenses; and a light-reflecting layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses. The light-reflecting layer includes a metal that reflects light.

7. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side surface of the black matrix is ​​a flat plane.

8. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side surface of the light-reflecting layer is a flat plane.

9. The display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The side surface of the black matrix is ​​a curved surface, and The side surface of the light-reflecting layer is a curved surface.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: processor; The memory has a storage function for storing applications to be executed by the processor; A display device, comprising: a display panel; and an optical component disposed on the display panel, wherein the optical component comprises: a substrate; a polarization control unit disposed on the substrate and configured to receive light incident from the display panel and output light having one of a first linear polarization direction and a second linear polarization direction; a plurality of lenses disposed on the polarization control unit; a black matrix disposed on the polarization control unit and in the space between two adjacent lenses of the plurality of lenses; and a light-reflecting layer disposed between a side surface of the black matrix and each of the plurality of lenses, wherein the refractive index of the light-reflecting layer is lower than the refractive index of each of the plurality of lenses; and The user interface is configured to sense user input via touch or cursor selection of icons displayed on the display panel. The processor executes one or more of the stored applications when it receives the user input.

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