A low-side driving device with protection, liquid cooling device and vehicle

Abstract

The application relates to a low-side driving device with self-protection, a liquid cooling device and a vehicle, wherein the low-side driving device with self-protection comprises a control chip for outputting a control signal; a low-side driving circuit, an input end of which is connected with the control chip, and an output end of which is connected with a load, for outputting a driving signal to the load according to the control signal; a ground short-circuit protection circuit, one end of which is connected with a first power port, and the other end of which is connected with the low-side driving circuit, for limiting the current of a ground short-circuit loop when the driving signal on the load side is grounded; and a power short-circuit protection circuit, which is connected with the low-side driving circuit, for controlling the low-side driving circuit to be disconnected when the driving signal on the load side is connected with the first power port. The application can effectively solve the abnormality of short-circuit power or short-circuit ground wire in the working process, thereby improving the use safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuits, and in particular to a low-side drive device with self-protection, a liquid cooling device, and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of technologies such as automobiles, cloud computing, big data, and artificial intelligence, traditional air cooling methods often struggle to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power-density applications. To address this issue, liquid cooling technology has emerged as a highly efficient heat dissipation solution.

[0003] Liquid cooling technology uses liquids (such as water or silicone oil) as a cooling medium to more effectively transfer the generated heat to the external heat dissipation system. Compared with traditional air cooling methods, liquid cooling technology has higher cooling efficiency.

[0004] In liquid cooling systems, the water pump plays a crucial role. The water pump drives the circulation of coolant, transferring the generated heat to the external heat dissipation system. Existing liquid cooling devices include... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a control chip (MCU), a low-side driver chip (LSD), and a water pump. The MCU outputs control signals to the LSD, and the LSD outputs drive signals to the water pump. Considering various abnormal operating conditions that may occur in practical applications, the LSD cannot effectively protect against short circuits in the power supply or grounding during operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low-side drive device, a liquid cooling device, and a vehicle with built-in protection to address the aforementioned technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, this utility model provides a low-side drive device with built-in protection, comprising:

[0007] The control chip is used to output control signals;

[0008] A low-side drive circuit, whose input terminal is connected to the control chip and whose output terminal is connected to the load, is used to output a drive signal to the load according to the control signal;

[0009] A ground short-circuit protection circuit, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end of which is connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to limit the current of the ground short-circuit loop formed when the drive signal on the load side is grounded.

[0010] A power supply short-circuit protection circuit, connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to control the low-side drive circuit to disconnect when the drive signal on the load side is connected to the first power supply port.

[0011] In some embodiments, the control signal is a PWM pulse signal.

[0012] In some embodiments, the low-side driving circuit includes a MOSFET Q1 and a resistor R4. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the control chip, the source is connected to the power supply short-circuit protection circuit, and the drain is connected to the ground short-circuit protection circuit. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end is connected to the common ground.

[0013] In some embodiments, the low-side drive circuit further includes a resistor R5, one end of which is connected to the control chip and the other end of which is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1.

[0014] In some embodiments, the ground short-circuit protection circuit includes a resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1.

[0015] In some embodiments, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a resistor R2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET, the emitter is connected to the common ground, the base is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the common ground.

[0016] In some embodiments, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit further includes a resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1.

[0017] In some embodiments, the resistance of resistor R1 is more than 100 times the resistance of resistor R2.

[0018] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a liquid cooling device, including a water pump and a low-side drive device with built-in protection as described in the first aspect, wherein the water pump is connected to a first power port and the low-side drive device with built-in protection.

[0019] In some embodiments, a low-side drive device with built-in protection includes:

[0020] The control chip is used to output control signals;

[0021] A low-side drive circuit, whose input terminal is connected to the control chip and whose output terminal is connected to the water pump, is used to output a drive signal to the water pump according to the control signal.

[0022] A ground short-circuit protection circuit, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end of which is connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to limit the current of the ground short-circuit loop formed when the drive signal on the pump side is grounded.

[0023] A power supply short-circuit protection circuit, connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to control the low-side drive circuit to disconnect when the drive signal on the water pump side is connected to the first power port.

[0024] In some embodiments, the control signal is a PWM pulse signal.

[0025] In some embodiments, the low-side driving circuit includes a MOSFET Q1 and a resistor R4. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the control chip, the source is connected to the power supply short-circuit protection circuit, and the drain is connected to the ground short-circuit protection circuit. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end is connected to the common ground.

[0026] In some embodiments, the low-side drive circuit further includes a resistor R5, one end of which is connected to the control chip and the other end of which is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1.

[0027] In some embodiments, the ground short-circuit protection circuit includes a resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1.

[0028] In some embodiments, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a resistor R2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET, the emitter is connected to the common ground, the base is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the common ground.

[0029] In some embodiments, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit further includes a resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1.

[0030] In some embodiments, the resistance of resistor R1 is more than 100 times the resistance of resistor R2.

[0031] Thirdly, embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle including the liquid cooling device as described in the second aspect.

[0032] This utility model provides a low-side drive device, liquid cooling device, and vehicle with built-in protection. A control chip outputs a control signal, and the low-side drive circuit outputs a drive signal to the load according to the control signal. A ground short-circuit protection circuit limits the current in the ground short-circuit loop when the drive signal on the load side is grounded. A power short-circuit protection circuit controls the low-side drive circuit to disconnect when the drive signal on the load side is connected to the first power port. This application effectively solves the problem of short-circuited power supply or short-ground wire abnormalities during operation, thereby improving safety.

[0033] Details of one or more embodiments of this application are set forth in the following drawings and description to make other features, objects and advantages of this application more readily apparent. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a liquid cooling device in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a low-side drive device with built-in protection in one embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic of a low-side drive device with built-in protection in an example embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow of a low-side drive device with built-in protection in one embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow of the low-side drive device with built-in protection in another embodiment;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of the liquid cooling device in one embodiment.

[0041] Among them, 100 is the control chip; 200 is the low-side drive circuit; 300 is the ground short-circuit protection circuit; 400 is the power supply short-circuit protection circuit; and 500 is the load. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application is described and illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments provided in this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it is understood that although the efforts made in such a development process may be complex and lengthy, for those skilled in the art related to the content disclosed in this application, modifications to design, manufacturing, or production based on the technical content disclosed in this application are merely conventional technical means and should not be construed as insufficient disclosure of the content of this application.

[0043] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments without conflict.

[0044] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. When an element is referred to as being "located" on another element, it may be directly disposed on the other element or may have an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "disposed on" another element, it may be directly disposed on the other element or may have an intervening element present. When an element is considered to be "fixed to" another element, it may be directly fixed to the other element or may have an intervening element present. The terms "first," "second," "third," etc., used in this application are merely to distinguish similar objects and do not represent a specific order of objects. The terminology used in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit this application. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0045] Please see Figure 2This utility model provides a low-side drive device with built-in protection, including a control chip 100 for outputting control signals; a low-side drive circuit 200, whose input terminal is connected to the control chip 100 and whose output terminal is connected to a load 500, for outputting drive signals to the load 500 according to the control signals; a ground short-circuit protection circuit 300, one end of which is connected to a first power port and the other end of which is connected to the low-side drive circuit 200, for limiting the current of the ground short-circuit loop formed when the drive signal on the load 500 side is grounded; and a power short-circuit protection circuit 400, connected to the low-side drive circuit 200, for controlling the low-side drive circuit 200 to disconnect when the drive signal on the load 500 side is connected to the first power port.

[0046] In some embodiments, the control signal is a PWM pulse signal.

[0047] In some embodiments, the load 500 is a water pump. In different application scenarios, the load 500 can be different devices, and this application does not limit it.

[0048] In this embodiment, the control chip 100 outputs a control signal, and the low-side drive circuit 200 outputs a drive signal to the load 500 according to the control signal. When the drive signal on the load 500 side is grounded, the ground short-circuit protection circuit 300 limits the current in the formed ground short-circuit loop. When the drive signal on the load 500 side is connected to the first power port, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit 400 controls the low-side drive circuit 200 to disconnect. This application can effectively solve the problem of short-circuit power supply or short-ground wire abnormalities that occur during operation, thereby improving safety.

[0049] Furthermore, the existing technology uses a low-side drive chip (LSD), which has a high cost, while the embodiment uses a low-side drive circuit 200 built with electrical components, which has a relatively low cost.

[0050] Figure 3 This is a circuit schematic diagram of a low-side drive device with built-in protection in an example embodiment of this application. The following is in conjunction with... Figure 3 This application provides a detailed description of each circuit component and its operating principle.

[0051] The control chip 100 is, for example, a microcontroller (MCU), connected to the second power supply port VCC and the common ground GND. The second power supply port VCC is used to power the control chip 100.

[0052] The low-side drive circuit 200 includes a MOSFET Q1, a resistor R4, and a resistor R5. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to one end of the resistor R5, the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to the control chip 100, the source is connected to the power supply short-circuit protection circuit 400, and the drain is connected to the ground short-circuit protection circuit 300. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end is connected to the common ground GND.

[0053] Among them, resistor R5 is used for current limiting protection. In some embodiments, resistor R5 can be omitted, and in this case, the gate of MOSFET Q1 is directly connected to control chip 100.

[0054] The grounding short-circuit protection circuit 300 includes a resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOS transistor Q1.

[0055] The power supply short circuit protection circuit 400 includes a transistor Q2, a resistor R2, and a resistor R3. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET, the emitter is connected to the common ground GND, the base is connected to one end of the resistor R3, and the other end is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1. The other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the common ground GND.

[0056] In this embodiment, resistor R3 is used for current limiting protection. In some embodiments, resistor R3 can be omitted. In this case, the base of transistor Q2 is connected to one end of resistor R2 and the source of MOSFET Q1.

[0057] In this circuit, resistor R1 is a current-limiting resistor, and resistor R2 is a feedback resistor. The resistance of resistor R1 is more than 100 times the resistance of resistor R2. The resistance range of resistor R1 is 5KΩ to 100KΩ, and the resistance range of resistor R2 is 10Ω to 51Ω.

[0058] The first power supply port VDD is the amplitude level of the PWM pulse signal, with a value of 12V. The load is connected to the first power supply port VDD.

[0059] The control chip 100 outputs a 100Hz PWM pulse signal DO_MCU_PUMP as a control signal, and the low-side drive circuit 200 outputs a pulse signal DO_PUMP_EXT as a drive signal.

[0060] When the control chip 100 outputs the control signal DO_MCU_PUMP to turn off the MOSFET Q1, the drive signal DO_PUMP_EXT is effectively pulled up to 12V through resistor R1. When the control chip 100 outputs the control signal DO_MCU_PUMP to turn on the MOSFET Q1, since resistor R2 (22Ω) << resistor R1 (10kΩ), the drive signal DO_PUMP_EXT is effectively pulled to the common ground GND by resistor R2. The control chip 100 controls the switching of the MOSFET Q1 to output a 12V or 100Hz PWM pulse drive signal DO_PUMP_EXT, thereby achieving drive control of the load 500. Diode Q2 remains off because the resistance of resistor R2 is much smaller than that of resistor R1.

[0061] When the drive signal on the 500-side load is grounded, the DO_PUMP_EXT drive signal short-circuits to the common ground GND. In this ground short-circuit loop, resistor R1 bears the voltage of the first power supply port VDD12V, resulting in a short-circuit current as follows: Figure 4 As shown. Because the resistance of resistor R1 is relatively large, the resulting short-circuit current is small, thus preventing damage to electrical components.

[0062] If, when MOSFET Q1 is turned on, the drive signal on the 500Ω load side is connected to the first power supply port, the drive signal DO_PUMP_EXT short-circuits the first power supply port VDD. For example... Figure 5 As shown, the short-circuit current flows through MOSFET Q1 and resistor R2 to the common ground GND. As the short-circuit current increases, the voltage across resistor R2 gradually increases. When the voltage across resistor R2 exceeds the turn-on voltage of transistor Q2, transistor Q2 turns on, causing a short circuit between the gate and source of MOSFET Q1, resulting in MOSFET Q1 turning off, thus protecting MOSFET Q1.

[0063] In one embodiment, this application also provides a liquid cooling device, such as... Figure 6 As shown, it includes a water pump and a low-side drive device with built-in protection as described in the first aspect, wherein the water pump is connected to a first power port and the low-side drive device with built-in protection.

[0064] The liquid cooling device in this embodiment includes the low-side drive device with built-in protection as described in the previous embodiments, thus solving the same technical problem and achieving the same technical effect. The specific technical solution and principle of the low-side drive device with built-in protection will not be elaborated further.

[0065] In some embodiments, the self-protected low-side drive device includes:

[0066] The control chip is used to output control signals;

[0067] A low-side drive circuit, whose input terminal is connected to the control chip and whose output terminal is connected to the water pump, is used to output a drive signal to the water pump according to the control signal.

[0068] A ground short-circuit protection circuit, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end of which is connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to limit the current of the ground short-circuit loop formed when the drive signal on the pump side is grounded.

[0069] A power supply short-circuit protection circuit, connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to control the low-side drive circuit to disconnect when the drive signal on the water pump side is connected to the first power port.

[0070] In some embodiments, the control signal is a PWM pulse signal.

[0071] In some embodiments, the low-side driving circuit includes a MOSFET Q1 and a resistor R4. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the control chip, the source is connected to the power supply short-circuit protection circuit, and the drain is connected to the ground short-circuit protection circuit. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end is connected to the common ground.

[0072] In some embodiments, the low-side drive circuit further includes a resistor R5, one end of which is connected to the control chip and the other end of which is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1.

[0073] In some embodiments, the ground short-circuit protection circuit includes a resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1.

[0074] In some embodiments, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a resistor R2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET, the emitter is connected to the common ground, the base is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the common ground.

[0075] In some embodiments, the power supply short-circuit protection circuit further includes a resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1.

[0076] In some embodiments, the resistance of resistor R1 is more than 100 times the resistance of resistor R2.

[0077] In one embodiment, this application also provides a vehicle including the liquid cooling device as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0078] The vehicle in this embodiment includes the liquid cooling device described in the previous embodiments, thus solving the same technical problem and achieving the same technical effect. The specific technical solution and principle of the liquid cooling device will not be elaborated further.

[0079] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0080] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A low-side drive device with built-in protection, characterized in that, include: The control chip is used to output control signals; A low-side drive circuit, whose input terminal is connected to the control chip and whose output terminal is connected to the load, is used to output a drive signal to the load according to the control signal. A ground short-circuit protection circuit, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end of which is connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to limit the current of the ground short-circuit loop formed when the drive signal on the load side is grounded. A power supply short-circuit protection circuit, connected to the low-side drive circuit, is used to control the low-side drive circuit to disconnect when the drive signal on the load side is connected to the first power port.

2. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control signal is a PWM pulse signal.

3. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 1, characterized in that, The low-side driving circuit includes a MOSFET Q1 and a resistor R4. The gate of the MOSFET Q1 is connected to the control chip, the source is connected to the power supply short-circuit protection circuit, and the drain is connected to the ground short-circuit protection circuit. One end of the resistor R4 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end is connected to the common ground.

4. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The low-side drive circuit also includes a resistor R5, one end of which is connected to the control chip and the other end is connected to the gate of the MOS transistor Q1.

5. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 3, characterized in that, The grounding short-circuit protection circuit includes a resistor R1, one end of which is connected to the first power supply port and the other end is connected to the drain of the MOSFET Q1.

6. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power supply short-circuit protection circuit includes a transistor Q2 and a resistor R2. The collector of the transistor Q2 is connected to the gate of the MOSFET, the emitter is connected to the common ground, the base is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1, and the other end of the resistor R2 is connected to the common ground.

7. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The power supply short-circuit protection circuit also includes a resistor R3, one end of which is connected to the base of the transistor Q2, and the other end of which is connected to one end of the resistor R2 and the source of the MOSFET Q1.

8. The low-side drive device with built-in protection according to claim 6, characterized in that, The resistance of resistor R1 is more than 100 times the resistance of resistor R2.

9. A liquid cooling device, characterized in that, It includes a water pump and a low-side drive device with built-in protection as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the water pump is connected to a first power port and the low-side drive device with built-in protection.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, Includes the liquid cooling device as described in claim 9.

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