A positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards

Abstract

This utility model belongs to the field of circuit board assembly technology, and in particular to a positioning fixture for circuit board assembly. It includes a fixture base and an assembly platform slidably mounted on the top of the fixture base; a clamping mechanism including a support base fixed to the top surface of the assembly platform; two L-shaped support plates; an electric adjustment mechanism; and two sets of clamping components, including a fixing frame fixed to the end face of the support base; a horizontal clamping block located above the fixing frame; two support arms; a tilting cylinder; and a drive mechanism for driving the assembly platform to move. In this utility model, the electric adjustment mechanism quickly adapts to circuit boards of different specifications, avoiding repeated manual adjustments. The clamping components stably clamp the circuit board from both sides, forming a "bottom support + four-way clamping" fixing system with the L-shaped support plates, ensuring the stability of the circuit board and enabling rapid response to different specifications of circuit boards, thus improving production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of circuit board assembly technology, and specifically relates to a positioning fixture for circuit board assembly. Background Technology

[0002] Circuit board assembly is the process of soldering or mounting electronic components (such as resistors, capacitors, chips, connectors, etc.) onto a printed circuit board (PCB) according to design requirements to form a complete electronic functional module. It is a key link in the manufacturing of electronic products and directly affects the performance, reliability and production cost of the product.

[0003] Positioning fixtures are an important component of circuit board assembly systems. They are used to position and fix circuit boards, facilitating safe and reliable assembly work and reducing assembly errors.

[0004] For example, in the prior art, Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN221354628U discloses "a circuit board assembly positioning structure", which includes a mounting plate and an adjustment component; the adjustment component includes sliding stops, two sliding stops are provided and symmetrically distributed, the bottom of the two sliding stops are slidably connected to the top of the mounting plate, a fixedly connected shielding strip is provided on one side of the top of the mounting plate, and a slidably connected sliding baffle is provided inside the mounting plate.

[0005] While existing positioning structures, including those mentioned above, can meet general usage requirements, they require workers to manually adjust the positions of the shielding strips and sliding baffles multiple times when assembling circuit boards of different sizes, resulting in low production efficiency.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes a positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards. Utility Model Content

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this utility model provides a positioning fixture for circuit board assembly, which is convenient to use and has high production efficiency.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a positioning fixture for circuit board assembly, including a fixture base, and further comprising:

[0009] An assembly platform, which is slidably mounted on the top of the tooling base;

[0010] Clamping mechanism, comprising:

[0011] Support base, the support base being fixed to the top surface of the assembly platform;

[0012] Two L-shaped support plates are symmetrically distributed and slidably installed on the top of the support base;

[0013] An electric adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the horizontal distance between the two L-shaped support plates;

[0014] Two sets of clamping assemblies, symmetrically fixed at both ends of the support base, comprising:

[0015] A fixing frame, which is fixed to the end face of the support base;

[0016] A horizontal clamping block, located above the fixing frame;

[0017] Two support arms are provided, which are distributed in parallel. Their top ends are hinged to the horizontal clamping block and their bottom ends are hinged to the fixing frame.

[0018] A tilting cylinder is hinged to the fixed frame, and the piston rod of the tilting cylinder is hinged to the support arm;

[0019] A drive mechanism for driving the assembly platform to move.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the electric adjustment mechanism includes:

[0021] The movable block has a guide groove machined on the top surface of the support base, the bottom end of the movable block is embedded in the guide groove, and the L-shaped support plate is fixed to the top of the movable block;

[0022] A bidirectional threaded screw is rotatably mounted in the guide groove, and the bidirectional threaded screw is threadedly engaged with the moving block.

[0023] A first drive motor is fixed to one end of the support base and is used to drive the bidirectional threaded screw to rotate.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes:

[0025] A rubber block, which is fixed to the clamping end of the horizontal clamping block.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the horizontal clamping block is an "L"-shaped component, and when the support arm is flipped to a vertical state, the bottom surface of the horizontal clamping block is flush with the bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes a positioning mechanism, wherein the positioning mechanism comprises:

[0028] Mounting bracket, the mounting bracket being fixed to the top surface of the tooling base;

[0029] A slotted photoelectric sensor, wherein the slotted photoelectric sensor is fixed to the top of the mounting bracket;

[0030] A shielding plate is fixed to the end face of the assembly platform and is flush with the slot of the slotted photoelectric sensor.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the slotted photoelectric sensors are arranged in three intervals, located at both ends and the middle of the top surface of the tooling base.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the driving mechanism includes:

[0033] Two sets of perforated mounting ears are provided, with two perforated mounting ears symmetrically distributed in each set and fixed to both ends of the top of the tooling base;

[0034] A timing pulley, which is rotatably mounted between two perforated mounting ears in the same group;

[0035] The second drive motor is fixed to the outer wall of the perforated mounting lug and is used to drive the synchronous pulley to rotate.

[0036] A timing belt, which is tensioned by two timing pulleys, and the assembly platform is fixed to the top surface of the timing belt.

[0037] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes:

[0038] Two guide rails are symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the tooling base;

[0039] A guide slider is fixed to the bottom surface of the assembly platform and slidably connected to the guide rail.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0041] In this invention, an electric adjustment mechanism is set up to quickly adapt to circuit boards of different specifications, avoiding repeated manual adjustments. The clamping components clamp the circuit board stably from both sides, and together with the L-shaped support plate, a "bottom support + four-way clamping" fixing system is formed to ensure the stability of the circuit board and to quickly respond to circuit boards of different specifications, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.

[0042] Other additional advantages and beneficial effects of this invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this invention. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 2 This is an isometric structural diagram of the clamping mechanism in this utility model;

[0046] Figure 3 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the positioning mechanism in the diagram;

[0047] Figure 4 This utility model Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the drive mechanism in the diagram.

[0048] In the diagram: 1. Tooling base; 2. Assembly platform; 3. Clamping mechanism; 31. Support base; 311. Guide slide; 32. L-shaped support plate; 33. Electric adjustment mechanism; 331. Moving block; 332. Bidirectional threaded screw; 333. Drive motor No. 1; 34. Clamping assembly; 341. Fixture; 342. Horizontal clamp; 343. Support arm; 344. Tilting cylinder; 345. Rubber block; 4. Positioning mechanism; 41. Mounting bracket; 42. Slotted photoelectric sensor; 43. Shielding plate; 5. Drive mechanism; 51. Mounting ear with hole; 52. Synchronous pulley; 53. Drive motor No. 2; 54. Synchronous belt; 6. Guide slide rail; 7. Guide slider. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0050] Please see Figures 1-4 The present invention provides the following technical solution: a positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards, including a fixture base 1, and further including an assembly platform 2, a clamping mechanism 3 and a driving mechanism 5. The clamping mechanism 3 includes a support base 31, two L-shaped support plates 32, an electric adjustment mechanism 33 and two sets of clamping components 34. The two sets of clamping components 34 are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the support base 31, and include a fixing frame 341, a horizontal clamping block 342, two support arms 343 and a flipping cylinder 344.

[0051] Furthermore, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the assembly platform 2 is slidably mounted on the top of the tooling base 1, the support base 31 is fixed to the top surface of the assembly platform 2, two L-shaped support plates 32 are symmetrically distributed and slidably mounted on the top of the support base 31, the electric adjustment mechanism 33 is used to adjust the horizontal distance between the two L-shaped support plates 32, the fixing frame 341 is fixed to the end face of the support base 31, the horizontal clamping block 342 is located above the fixing frame 341, two support arms 343 are distributed in parallel, their top ends are hinged to the horizontal clamping block 342 and their bottom ends are hinged to the fixing frame 341, and the tilting cylinder 344 is hinged to the fixing frame 341. The frame 341 is used, and the piston rod of the tilting cylinder 344 is hinged to the support arm 343. The drive mechanism 5 is used to drive the assembly platform 2 to move. After adopting the above scheme, when using it, according to the width of the circuit board, the electric adjustment mechanism 33 is started first, which drives the two L-shaped support plates 32 to move horizontally relative to each other or opposite to each other along the top of the support base 31. The distance between the two is adjusted according to the actual width of the circuit board to be assembled, so that the bottom of the circuit board can be placed stably on the horizontal support surface of the two L-shaped support plates 32, and the initial positioning support of the width direction of the circuit board is completed.

[0052] Subsequently, the flipping cylinders 344 in the two sets of clamping assemblies 34 are activated. The piston rod of the flipping cylinder 344 begins to extend and retract, driving the support arm 343, which is hinged to it, to rotate around the hinge point on the fixed frame 341. Since the two support arms 343 are parallel and their top ends are hinged to the horizontal clamping block 342, when the support arm 343 rotates, it will push the horizontal clamping block 342 to move in the vertical direction. When the piston rod of the flipping cylinder 344 extends, the support arm 343 rotates upward, causing the horizontal clamping block 342 to move in the circumferential direction until it clamps the circuit board. Through the cooperation of the horizontal clamping block 342 and the L-shaped support plate 32, a "bottom support + four-way clamping" fixing system is formed to ensure the stability of the circuit board and to quickly respond to circuit boards of different specifications, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.

[0053] Finally, the drive mechanism 5 is activated, which drives the assembly platform 2 to move linearly on the top of the tooling base 1. The assembly platform 2, which has the circuit board fixed, and the support base 31 and other components are moved to the designated position of the assembly station, so that the circuit board is accurately aligned with the operating area of ​​the assembly equipment. This completes the positioning and transfer process of the circuit board by the positioning tooling, providing a stable and accurate positioning reference for subsequent circuit board assembly operations.

[0054] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the electric adjustment mechanism 33 includes: a movable block 331, a bidirectional threaded screw 332, and a primary drive motor 333. A guide groove 311 is machined on the top surface of the support base 31. The bottom end of the movable block 331 is embedded in the guide groove 311. An L-shaped support plate 32 is fixed to the top end of the movable block 331. The bidirectional threaded screw 332 is rotatably mounted in the guide groove 311, and the bidirectional threaded screw 332 is threadedly engaged with the movable block 331. The primary drive motor 333 is fixed to one end of the support base 31 and is used for... With the above scheme, when it is necessary to adjust the initial distance between the two L-shaped support plates 32, the first drive motor 333 is powered on and started. The output shaft of the first drive motor 333 is fixedly connected to the double-threaded screw 332 through a coupling, and can drive the double-threaded screw 332 to rotate through the coupling. Since the double-threaded screw 332 is threadedly connected to the moving block 331, when the double-threaded screw 332 rotates, it can drive the moving block 331 to move the L-shaped support plate 32.

[0055] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, it further includes a rubber block 345, which is fixed to the clamping end of the horizontal clamping block 342. With the above solution, the rubber block 345 is flexible during use. By clamping the circuit board with the rubber block 345, unnecessary damage caused by rigid clamping can be effectively avoided, and the safety of the circuit board can be guaranteed.

[0056] The rubber block 345 also has an anti-slip function. When the rubber block 345 clamps the circuit board, the rubber block 345 deforms, further improving the stability of the circuit board and preventing the circuit board from slipping.

[0057] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the horizontal clamping block 342 is an "L"-shaped component, and when the support arm 343 is flipped to the vertical state, the bottom surface of the horizontal clamping block 342 is flush with the bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate 32. With the above solution, the "L"-shaped structure of the horizontal clamping block 342 enables it to play a better constraining role on the circuit board in the horizontal direction, and it is applicable to circuit boards of different thicknesses.

[0058] When the horizontal clamping block 342 is at its maximum height, its bottom surface is flush with the bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate 32. Therefore, it is ensured that the horizontal clamping block 342 can only clamp the circuit board laterally and clamp the circuit board through the vertical surface of the end face of the horizontal clamping block 342, thus avoiding the problem of the horizontal clamping block 342 moving above the circuit board and affecting the component assembly.

[0059] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in this embodiment, a positioning mechanism 4 is further included, wherein the positioning mechanism 4 includes: a mounting frame 41, a slotted photoelectric sensor 42, and a shielding plate 43. The mounting frame 41 is fixed to the top surface of the tooling base 1, the slotted photoelectric sensor 42 is fixed to the top of the mounting frame 41, and the shielding plate 43 is fixed to the end face of the assembly platform 2 and is flush with the slot of the slotted photoelectric sensor 42. With the above solution, when the assembly platform 2 is not moved during use, the shielding plate 43 is in the initial position with the assembly platform 2, and at this time the shielding plate 43 is not inserted into the slot of the slotted photoelectric sensor 42.

[0060] The light-emitting element and the receiving element inside the slotted photoelectric sensor 42 are in a conductive state. The sensor outputs an initial signal, indicating that the assembly platform 2 has not yet reached the assembly station. At this time, the operator can adjust the spacing of the L-shaped support plate 32 through the electric adjustment mechanism 33 and clamp the circuit board using the clamping mechanism 3.

[0061] When the drive mechanism 5 is powered on, it drives the assembly platform 2 to move along the top surface of the tooling base 1. At this time, the shielding plate 43 moves synchronously with the assembly platform 2 and gradually approaches the slot of the slot-shaped photoelectric sensor 42. The slot-shaped photoelectric sensor 42 continuously monitors the position of the shielding plate 43. When the shielding plate 43 is fully inserted into the slot, it will block the light path inside the sensor, so that the receiving element cannot receive the signal from the light-emitting element. The drive mechanism 5 stops, and the circuit board is precisely positioned at the assembly station.

[0062] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in this embodiment, there are three slotted photoelectric sensors 42 spaced apart, located at both ends and the middle of the top surface of the tooling base 1. With the above scheme, the three slotted photoelectric sensors 42 can locate the three workstations of the assembly platform 2 during use. All three workstations can be assembly workstations to meet the assembly work of different components and realize three-level assembly.

[0063] The three workstations can also correspond to the loading workstation, assembly workstation, and unloading workstation, and together with the drive mechanism 5, realize the automatic transfer of circuit boards between different workstations.

[0064] Optionally, by Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment, the drive mechanism 5 includes: two sets of perforated mounting ears 51, synchronous pulleys 52, a second drive motor 53, and a synchronous belt 54. There are two perforated mounting ears 51 symmetrically distributed in the same set and fixed to the top ends of the tooling base 1. The synchronous pulleys 52 are rotatably mounted between the two perforated mounting ears 51 in the same set. The second drive motor 53 is fixed to the outer wall of the perforated mounting ears 51 and is used to drive the synchronous pulleys 52 to rotate. The synchronous belt 54 is tensioned by the two synchronous pulleys 52, and the assembly platform 2 is fixed to the top surface of the synchronous belt 54. With the above scheme, when the second drive motor 53 is powered on and started, the output shaft drives the synchronous pulleys 52 mounted on the same axis to rotate, and the rotational motion of the synchronous pulleys 52 is converted into the linear motion of the synchronous belt 54.

[0065] The assembly platform 2 is fixed to the top surface of the timing belt 54 by bolts or welding. Therefore, the linear motion of the timing belt 54 directly drives the assembly platform 2 to move along the top surface of the tooling seat 1.

[0066] Preferably, by Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment further includes: two guide rails 6 and a guide slider 7. The two guide rails 6 are symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the tooling base 1, and the guide slider 7 is fixed to the bottom surface of the assembly platform 2 and slidably connected to the guide rails 6. With the above solution, when the assembly platform 2 moves, it will drive the guide slider 7 to move along the guide rails 6. The two guide rails 6 and the guide slider 7 cooperate to support and guide the assembly platform 2, ensuring the stability of the assembly platform 2.

[0067] It should be noted that the No. 1 drive motor 333, the tilting cylinder 344, the slotted photoelectric sensor 42, and the No. 2 drive motor 53 are all commercially available conventional devices with built-in power switches. Those skilled in the art can make conventional selections according to their needs. Their working principles are common knowledge known to those skilled in the art and have been fully disclosed in the prior art, so they will not be elaborated on further in this article.

[0068] The circuit connection involved in this utility model is a common method used by those skilled in the art, and technical inspiration can be obtained through a limited number of experiments. It belongs to the widely used prior art.

[0069] Components not described in detail in this article are existing technologies.

[0070] The working principle and usage process of this utility model: When using the positioning fixture of this utility model, the electric adjustment mechanism 33 is first activated according to the width of the circuit board. It drives the two L-shaped support plates 32 to move horizontally relative to each other or in opposite directions along the top of the support base 31. The distance between the two is adjusted according to the actual width of the circuit board to be assembled, so that the bottom of the circuit board can be stably placed on the horizontal support surface of the two L-shaped support plates 32, thus completing the initial positioning support of the circuit board in the width direction.

[0071] Subsequently, the flipping cylinder 344 in the two sets of clamping components 34 is activated. The piston rod of the flipping cylinder 344 begins to extend and retract, driving the support arm 343, which is hinged to it, to rotate around the hinge point on the fixed frame 341. Since the two support arms 343 are parallel and their top ends are hinged to the horizontal clamping block 342, when the support arm 343 rotates, it will push the horizontal clamping block 342 to move in the vertical direction. When the piston rod of the flipping cylinder 344 extends, the support arm 343 rotates upward, causing the horizontal clamping block 342 to translate in the circumferential direction until it clamps the circuit board.

[0072] The horizontal clamping block 342 and the L-shaped support plate 32 work together to form a "bottom support + four-way clamping" fixing system, which ensures the stability of the circuit board and can quickly respond to circuit boards of different specifications, which is conducive to improving production efficiency.

[0073] Finally, the drive mechanism 5 is activated, which drives the assembly platform 2 to move linearly on the top of the tooling base 1. The assembly platform 2, which has the circuit board fixed, and the support base 31 and other components are moved to the designated position of the assembly station, so that the circuit board is accurately aligned with the operating area of ​​the assembly equipment. This completes the positioning and transfer process of the circuit board by the positioning tooling, providing a stable and accurate positioning reference for subsequent circuit board assembly operations.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards, comprising a fixture base (1), characterized in that, Also includes: Assembly platform (2), which is slidably mounted on the top of the tooling base (1); Clamping mechanism (3), comprising: Support base (31), the support base (31) is fixed to the top surface of the assembly platform (2); Two L-shaped support plates (32) are symmetrically distributed and slidably installed on the top of the support base (31); An electric adjustment mechanism (33) is used to adjust the horizontal distance between the two L-shaped support plates (32); Two sets of clamping assemblies (34) are symmetrically fixed at both ends of the support base (31), and include: A fixing frame (341) is fixed to the end face of the support base (31); A horizontal clamping block (342) is located above the fixing frame (341); Two support arms (343) are arranged in parallel, with their top ends hinged to the horizontal clamp (342) and their bottom ends hinged to the fixing frame (341). A tilting cylinder (344) is hinged to the fixed frame (341), and the piston rod of the tilting cylinder (344) is hinged to the support arm (343); A drive mechanism (5) is used to drive the assembly platform (2) to move.

2. The positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric adjustment mechanism (33) includes: The movable block (331) has a guide groove (311) machined on the top surface of the support base (31), the bottom end of the movable block (331) is embedded in the guide groove (311), and the L-shaped support plate (32) is fixed to the top of the movable block (331). A bidirectional threaded screw (332) is rotatably mounted in the guide groove (311), and the bidirectional threaded screw (332) is threadedly engaged with the moving block (331). A first drive motor (333) is fixed to one end of the support base (31) and is used to drive the bidirectional threaded screw (332) to rotate.

3. The positioning fixture for circuit board assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further includes: A rubber block (345) is fixed to the clamping end of the horizontal clamping block (342).

4. The positioning fixture for circuit board assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal clamp (342) is an "L" shaped component, and when the support arm (343) is flipped to a vertical state, the bottom surface of the horizontal clamp (342) is flush with the bottom surface of the L-shaped support plate (32).

5. A positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further includes a positioning mechanism (4), wherein the positioning mechanism (4) comprises: Mounting bracket (41), which is fixed to the top surface of the tooling base (1); A slotted photoelectric sensor (42) is fixed to the top of the mounting bracket (41); A shielding plate (43) is fixed to the end face of the assembly platform (2) and is flush with the slot of the slotted photoelectric sensor (42).

6. A positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slotted photoelectric sensors (42) are distributed in three intervals, located at both ends and the middle of the top surface of the tooling base (1).

7. A positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive mechanism (5) includes: Two sets of perforated mounting ears (51) are provided. Two perforated mounting ears (51) are symmetrically distributed in the same set and are fixed to the top two ends of the tooling base (1). Synchronous pulley (52), which is rotatably mounted between two perforated mounting ears (51) in the same group; The second drive motor (53) is fixed to the outer wall of the perforated mounting ear (51) and is used to drive the synchronous pulley (52) to rotate. A timing belt (54) is tensioned by two timing pulleys (52), and the assembly platform (2) is fixed to the top surface of the timing belt (54).

8. A positioning fixture for assembling circuit boards according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further includes: Two guide rails (6) are symmetrically fixed to the top surface of the tooling base (1); Guide slider (7) is fixed to the bottom surface of the assembly platform (2) and slidably connected to the guide rail (6).

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