Phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator
By setting up a dedicated feed inlet and filter structure in the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator, combined with a stirring device and a cooling system, the problem of low reaction rate in the preparation of phosphorus pentafluoride gas has been solved, achieving higher preparation efficiency and equipment safety.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- MORIMATSU (JIANGSU) HEAVY IND CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In the existing technology, the reaction rate between hydrogen fluoride liquid and phosphorus pentachloride solid is low during the preparation of phosphorus pentafluoride gas, resulting in low preparation efficiency.
A phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator is designed by setting a first inlet for conveying solid phosphorus pentachloride in the upper cylinder and a second inlet for conveying liquid hydrogen fluoride in the lower cylinder, and setting a filter structure between the two to block solid phosphorus pentachloride, so as to ensure that the liquid hydrogen fluoride and solid phosphorus pentachloride are in full contact. At the same time, a stirring device and a cooling system are used to improve the reaction efficiency.
The reaction rate between liquid hydrogen fluoride and solid phosphorus pentachloride was increased, improving the preparation efficiency of phosphorus pentafluoride gas, avoiding the vaporization of liquid hydrogen fluoride and the sublimation of solid phosphorus pentachloride, and ensuring the safety and stability of the equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN224321438U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of phosphorus pentafluoride preparation technology, and in particular to a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator. Background Technology
[0002] Lithium hexafluorophosphate is one of the most commonly used electrolyte materials in lithium-ion batteries. It provides ionic conductivity, enabling lithium ions to transfer between the positive and negative electrodes, thus storing and releasing electrical energy. It is widely used in lithium-ion power batteries, lithium-ion energy storage batteries, and other everyday batteries, such as batteries for electric vehicles, smartphones, laptops, and other electronic devices.
[0003] Phosphorus pentafluoride gas is the main raw material for the production of lithium hexafluorophosphate. Currently, in the lithium hexafluorophosphate production process, the preparation of phosphorus pentafluoride gas mainly involves reacting solid phosphorus pentachloride with liquid hydrogen fluoride to generate the raw material phosphorus pentafluoride gas.
[0004] However, the current reaction between liquid hydrogen fluoride and solid phosphorus pentachloride suffers from a low reaction rate. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this application is to provide a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator that is beneficial to improving the reaction rate and the preparation efficiency of phosphorus pentafluoride gas.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator comprising:
[0007] The generator cylinder has a reaction chamber inside. The generator cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The upper cylinder is provided with a first feed port for conveying solid phosphorus pentachloride into the reaction chamber, and the lower cylinder is provided with a second feed port for conveying liquid hydrogen fluoride into the reaction chamber.
[0008] A filter structure is provided between the reaction chamber and the second feed inlet. The filter structure is used to allow the hydrogen fluoride liquid to pass through while blocking the phosphorus pentachloride solid.
[0009] In one embodiment, the filter structure includes a sintered wire mesh half-tube, which is fixed to the inner wall of the lower cylinder.
[0010] In one embodiment, the filter structure includes a plurality of sintered wire mesh half-tubes, which are arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the lower cylinder. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator includes a plurality of second feed ports, and each sintered wire mesh half-tube corresponds to at least one second feed port.
[0011] In one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes a stirring device, which is at least partially disposed within the reaction chamber.
[0012] In one embodiment, the stirring device includes a drive mechanism, a rotating shaft, and a stirring blade. The drive mechanism is located outside the reaction chamber, the rotating shaft is at least partially located inside the reaction chamber, and the stirring blade is located inside the reaction chamber.
[0013] The drive mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the stirring blade is connected to the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft.
[0014] In one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes an inverted cylinder disposed within the reaction chamber and above the stirring blades, with the rotating shaft passing through the inverted cylinder, forming a convection space between the rotating shaft and the inverted cylinder.
[0015] In one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes a cooling pipe, which is arranged in an annular shape around the inverted cylinder and located between the outer wall of the inverted cylinder and the inner wall of the upper cylinder. The cooling pipe has a first refrigerant inlet and a first refrigerant outlet.
[0016] In one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes a first feed pipe, part of which is located inside the reaction chamber and extends through the inverted cylinder, and part of which is located outside the reaction chamber and forms the first feed inlet.
[0017] In one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes a first cooling jacket, which is arranged circumferentially around the upper cylinder, and the first cooling jacket has a second refrigerant inlet and a second refrigerant outlet.
[0018] In one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes a second cooling jacket, which is arranged circumferentially around the lower cylinder and has a third refrigerant inlet and a third refrigerant outlet.
[0019] As can be seen from the above, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator provided in this application, by setting a first feed port in the upper cylinder for conveying solid phosphorus pentachloride into the reaction chamber, setting a second feed port in the lower cylinder for conveying liquid hydrogen fluoride into the reaction chamber, and setting a filter structure for allowing the liquid hydrogen fluoride to pass through while blocking solid phosphorus pentachloride, can make the liquid hydrogen fluoride and solid phosphorus pentachloride fully contact each other in the reaction chamber, thereby increasing the reaction rate and improving the preparation efficiency of phosphorus pentafluoride gas. Attached Figure Description
[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this application or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator in one embodiment of this application;
[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator in one embodiment of this application.
[0023] Figure Labels
[0024] 100. Phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator;
[0025] 1. Generator cylinder; 11. Reaction chamber; 12. Upper cylinder; 121. First feed inlet; 122. Discharge outlet; 13. Lower cylinder; 131. Second feed inlet;
[0026] 2. Filter structure; 21. Sintered wire mesh half-tube;
[0027] 3. Stirring device; 31. Drive mechanism; 32. Rotary shaft; 33. Stirring blades;
[0028] 4. Inverted cylinder; 41. Convection space; 42. Cover plate;
[0029] 5. Cooling pipes; 51. First refrigerant inlet; 52. First refrigerant outlet;
[0030] 6. First feed pipe;
[0031] 7. First cooling jacket; 71. Second refrigerant inlet; 72. Second refrigerant outlet;
[0032] 8. Second cooling jacket; 81. Third refrigerant inlet; 82. Third refrigerant outlet. Detailed Implementation
[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
[0034] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this application should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in the embodiments of this application do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0035] In current phosphorus pentafluoride gas generators, during the preparation of phosphorus pentafluoride gas, hydrogen fluoride liquid is usually sprayed from the top of the generator by a spraying component onto the solid surface of phosphorus pentachloride inside the generator for contact reaction.
[0036] The inventors discovered that the reaction generates a large amount of heat, causing the liquid hydrogen fluoride to vaporize. The vaporized hydrogen fluoride rises rapidly and cannot come into contact with and react with the solid phosphorus pentachloride below, thus reducing the reaction rate.
[0037] Based on this, this application provides a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator solution to solve the above problems.
[0038] Reference Figure 1 As shown, one embodiment of this application discloses a phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 includes a generator cylinder 1 and a filter structure 2. The generator cylinder 1 has a reaction chamber 11. The generator cylinder 1 includes an upper cylinder 12 and a lower cylinder 13. The upper cylinder 12 is provided with a first inlet 121 for conveying solid phosphorus pentachloride into the reaction chamber 11. The lower cylinder 13 is provided with a second inlet 131 for conveying liquid hydrogen fluoride into the reaction chamber 11. The filter structure 2 is disposed between the reaction chamber 11 and the second inlet 131. The filter structure 2 is used to allow the liquid hydrogen fluoride to pass through and to block solid phosphorus pentachloride.
[0039] The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 provided in this embodiment has a first feed port 121 for feeding solid phosphorus pentachloride into the reaction chamber 11 in the upper cylinder 12, and a second feed port 131 for feeding liquid hydrogen fluoride into the reaction chamber 11 in the lower cylinder 13. A filter structure 2 is provided to allow the liquid hydrogen fluoride to pass through while blocking solid phosphorus pentachloride. This allows the liquid hydrogen fluoride and solid phosphorus pentachloride to come into full contact in the reaction chamber 11, thereby increasing the reaction rate and improving the preparation efficiency of phosphorus pentafluoride gas.
[0040] Furthermore, the upper cylinder 12 is also provided with an outlet 122 for conveying phosphorus pentafluoride gas to the outside of the reaction chamber 11.
[0041] Specifically, the hydrogen fluoride liquid from the second inlet 131 passes through the filter structure 2 into the reaction chamber 11, while the phosphorus pentachloride solid in the reaction chamber 11 is blocked by the filter structure 2, preventing the phosphorus pentachloride solid from entering the second inlet 131, ensuring that the hydrogen fluoride liquid and the phosphorus pentachloride solid are in full contact, and preventing the hydrogen fluoride liquid from vaporizing before contacting the phosphorus pentachloride solid, thereby improving the reaction rate and preparation efficiency.
[0042] Reference Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the filter structure 2 includes a sintered wire mesh half-tube 21, which is fixed to the inner wall of the lower cylinder 13. The cross-section of the sintered wire mesh half-tube 21 is approximately semi-circular, which effectively supports the phosphorus pentachloride solid and increases the contact area between the hydrogen fluoride liquid and the phosphorus pentachloride solid, thereby improving the reaction rate. Preferably, the sintered wire mesh half-tube 21 is welded to the inner wall of the lower cylinder 13.
[0043] In one embodiment, the filter structure 2 includes a plurality of sintered wire mesh half-tubes 21, which are arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the lower cylinder 13. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 includes a plurality of second inlets 131, each sintered wire mesh half-tube 21 corresponding to at least one second inlet 131, which is beneficial to further increase the contact area between the hydrogen fluoride liquid and the phosphorus pentachloride solid, thereby improving the reaction rate. The number of sintered wire mesh half-tubes 21 can be 2, 3, 4, 5, etc., and is not specifically limited. Preferably, each sintered wire mesh half-tube 21 is arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the lower cylinder 13.
[0044] Furthermore, the lower cylinder 13 is conical, and multiple sintered wire mesh half-tubes 21 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction, which is conducive to the full contact between the hydrogen fluoride liquid and the phosphorus pentachloride solid in the reaction chamber 11, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
[0045] In other embodiments, the filter structure 2 can be a metal fiber sintered felt, stainless steel woven mesh, etc., as long as it can function to allow hydrogen fluoride liquid to pass through and block phosphorus pentachloride solid, and there is no specific limitation.
[0046] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 further includes a stirring device 3, which is at least partially disposed within the reaction chamber 11. The stirring device 3 is used to stir the solid phosphorus pentachloride within the reaction chamber 11, ensuring sufficient contact between the solid phosphorus pentachloride and the liquid hydrogen fluoride, thereby increasing the reaction rate.
[0047] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the stirring device includes a drive mechanism 31, a rotating shaft 32, and a stirring blade 33. The drive mechanism 31 is disposed outside the reaction chamber 11, the rotating shaft 32 is at least partially located inside the reaction chamber 11, and the stirring blade 33 is located inside the reaction chamber 11. The drive mechanism 31 is connected to the rotating shaft 32 to drive the rotating shaft 32 to rotate. The stirring blade 33 is connected to the rotating shaft 32 and rotates with the rotating shaft 32. The stirring blade 33 drives the phosphorus pentachloride solid in the reaction chamber 11 to achieve stirring of the phosphorus pentachloride solid.
[0048] Optionally, the drive mechanism 31 includes a motor, a reducer, etc., with the motor and reducer working together to adjust the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 32. Optionally, the stirring blade 33 is a double-layer, double-ribbed blade; the outer helical ribbon gathers the material from both sides to the center, while the inner helical ribbon conveys the material from the center to both sides, forming a circulating material flow. This allows the material to form more vortices during the flow, accelerating the mixing speed and improving the mixing uniformity. In other embodiments, the drive mechanism 31 can be a rotary cylinder, a rotary electric cylinder, etc.
[0049] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 further includes an inverted cylinder 4, which is disposed within the reaction chamber 11 and located above the stirring blade 33. A rotating shaft 32 passes through the inverted cylinder 4, forming a convection space 41 between the rotating shaft 32 and the inverted cylinder 4, preventing high-temperature phosphorus pentafluoride gas from being directly discharged from the reaction chamber 11 through the outlet 122. Simultaneously, high temperatures can cause phosphorus pentachloride to sublimate; this embodiment can prevent the overflow of phosphorus pentachloride generated during the reaction, thus avoiding blockage of subsequent filters and pipelines.
[0050] Furthermore, a cover plate 42 is also provided on the inverted cylinder 4. The cover plate 42 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 32 to prevent gas in the convection space 41 from leaking between the inverted cylinder 4 and the rotating shaft 32.
[0051] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 further includes a cooling pipe 5, which is arranged in a ring around the inverted cylinder 4 and located between the outer wall of the inverted cylinder 4 and the inner wall of the upper cylinder 12. The cooling pipe 5 has a first refrigerant inlet 51 and a first refrigerant outlet 52.
[0052] Specifically, the high-temperature phosphorus pentafluoride gas generated by the reaction is cooled down as it passes through cooling pipe 5, and then discharged from reaction chamber 11 through outlet 122 to prevent the temperature inside reaction chamber 11 from becoming too high and to ensure the safety of phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100. At the same time, the sublimated phosphorus pentachloride is cooled and condensed as it passes through cooling pipe 5, preventing it from being discharged from reaction chamber 11 along with the phosphorus pentafluoride gas.
[0053] The first refrigerant inlet 51 and the first refrigerant outlet 52 can circulate refrigerant to the cooling pipe 5 to ensure the cooling effect.
[0054] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 further includes a first feed pipe 6. Part of the first feed pipe 6 is located inside the reaction chamber 11 and extends through the inverted cylinder 4. Another part of the first feed pipe 6 is located outside the reaction chamber 11 and forms a first feed inlet 121. Solid phosphorus pentachloride enters the first feed pipe 6 through the first feed inlet 121 and passes through the inverted cylinder 4 into the lower cylinder 13, thus preventing the inverted cylinder 4 from interfering with the normal feeding of solid phosphorus pentachloride.
[0055] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 further includes a first cooling jacket 7, which is circumferentially arranged around the upper cylinder 12. The first cooling jacket 7 has a second refrigerant inlet 71 and a second refrigerant outlet 72. The first cooling jacket 7 can cool the upper cylinder 12, and it cooperates with the cooling pipe 5 to improve the cooling effect. The second refrigerant inlet 71 and the second refrigerant outlet 72 can circulate refrigerant to the first cooling jacket 7 to ensure the cooling effect.
[0056] Reference Figure 1 As shown, in one embodiment, the phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator 100 further includes a second cooling jacket 8, which is circumferentially arranged around the lower cylinder 13. The second cooling jacket 8 has a third refrigerant inlet 81 and a third refrigerant outlet 82. The second cooling jacket 8 can cool the lower cylinder 13, absorbing some of the heat generated during the reaction and reducing the sublimation of phosphorus pentafluoride to ensure the reaction rate. The third refrigerant inlet 81 and the third refrigerant outlet 82 can circulate refrigerant to the second cooling jacket 8 to ensure the cooling effect.
[0057] It should be noted that some embodiments of this application have been described above. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps described in the claims can be performed in a different order than that shown in the above embodiments and still achieve the desired result. In addition, the processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired result.
[0058] Those skilled in the art should understand that the discussion of any of the above embodiments is merely exemplary and is not intended to imply that the scope of this application (including the claims) is limited to these examples; within the framework of this application, the technical features of the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of different aspects of the above embodiments of this application, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity.
[0059] The embodiments of this application are intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the embodiments of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.
Claims
1. A phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator, characterized in that, include: The generator cylinder has a reaction chamber inside. The generator cylinder includes an upper cylinder and a lower cylinder. The upper cylinder is provided with a first feed port for conveying solid phosphorus pentachloride into the reaction chamber, and the lower cylinder is provided with a second feed port for conveying liquid hydrogen fluoride into the reaction chamber. A filter structure is provided between the reaction chamber and the second feed inlet. The filter structure is used to allow the hydrogen fluoride liquid to pass through while blocking the phosphorus pentachloride solid.
2. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filter structure includes a sintered wire mesh half-tube, which is fixed to the inner wall of the lower cylinder.
3. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The filter structure includes a plurality of sintered wire mesh half tubes, which are arranged in a ring along the inner wall of the lower cylinder. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator includes a plurality of second feed ports, and each sintered wire mesh half tube corresponds to at least one second feed port.
4. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator also includes a stirring device, which is at least partially disposed within the reaction chamber.
5. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The stirring device includes a drive mechanism, a rotating shaft, and stirring blades. The drive mechanism is located outside the reaction chamber, the rotating shaft is at least partially located inside the reaction chamber, and the stirring blades are located inside the reaction chamber. The drive mechanism is connected to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the stirring blade is connected to the rotating shaft and rotates with the rotating shaft.
6. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator also includes an inverted cylinder, which is disposed in the reaction chamber and located above the stirring blade. The rotating shaft passes through the inverted cylinder, and a convection space is formed between the rotating shaft and the inverted cylinder.
7. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator also includes a cooling pipe, which is arranged in a ring around the inverted cylinder and located between the outer wall of the inverted cylinder and the inner wall of the upper cylinder. The cooling pipe has a first refrigerant inlet and a first refrigerant outlet.
8. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator also includes a first feed pipe, part of which is located inside the reaction chamber and penetrates the inverted cylinder, and part of which is located outside the reaction chamber and forms the first feed inlet.
9. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator further includes a first cooling jacket, which is arranged circumferentially around the upper cylinder and has a second refrigerant inlet and a second refrigerant outlet.
10. The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The phosphorus pentafluoride gas generator also includes a second cooling jacket, which is arranged circumferentially around the lower cylinder and has a third refrigerant inlet and a third refrigerant outlet.