Steering column assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The application provides a steering column assembly and a vehicle. The steering column assembly comprises an upper column body, a lower column body and an energy absorption mechanism. The upper column body is slidingly arranged in the lower column body. The energy absorption mechanism is connected to the upper column body. The lower column body is provided with a limiting groove. The energy absorption mechanism is slidingly arranged in the limiting groove. In the axial direction of the lower column body, one end of the limiting groove is provided with a first limiting part, and the other end is provided with a second limiting part. The energy absorption mechanism is adaptively arranged with the first limiting part or the second limiting part. When the upper column body collapses and slides relative to the lower column body, the collapse movement of the energy absorption mechanism can be limited within the range of the limiting groove, the collapse direction is stable and controllable, and the safety performance of the steering column assembly is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of steering structure technology, and more specifically, to steering column assemblies and vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] In existing steering column structures, the energy-absorbing structure is unstable during collapse, making it easy for the steering wheel to fall onto the driver's legs and failing to effectively protect the driver's safety. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application provides a steering column assembly and a vehicle to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] The embodiments of this application are implemented as follows:

[0005] A steering column assembly includes an upper column body, a lower column body, and an energy-absorbing mechanism; the upper column body is slidably disposed in the lower column body; the energy-absorbing mechanism is connected to the upper column body; the lower column body is provided with a limiting groove, and the energy-absorbing mechanism is slidably disposed in the limiting groove; along the axial direction of the lower column body, one end of the limiting groove is provided with a first limiting part, and the other end is provided with a second limiting part, and the energy-absorbing mechanism is adapted to the first limiting part or the second limiting part.

[0006] In this way, when the upper column collapses and slides relative to the lower column, the collapse movement of the energy absorption mechanism can be limited within the range of the limiting groove, and the collapse direction is stable and controllable, preventing the steering wheel from falling onto the driver's legs and improving the safety performance of the steering column assembly.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the energy-absorbing mechanism includes a guide block, a sliding block, and an energy-absorbing element. The guide block is disposed on the outer surface of the upper tube column, the sliding block is connected to the guide block, and the energy-absorbing element passes through the sliding block and is slidably disposed relative to the guide block. During collapse, the sliding block slides relative to the guide block, and the resulting friction slows down the movement of the upper tube column. Simultaneously, the guide block and the energy-absorbing element cooperate to guide the direction of collapse movement, improving the stability and controllability of the collapse force.

[0008] In one possible implementation: the guide block is provided with a guide groove, which extends along the axial direction of the upper tube column; the first end of the energy-absorbing member passes through the sliding block and is inserted into the guide groove, and the second end of the energy-absorbing member is adapted to the first or second limiting part. This further guides the movement direction of the upper tube column, improving motion stability.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the energy-absorbing mechanism further includes a limiting block, which is sandwiched between the second end of the energy-absorbing element and the sliding block. The limiting block is adapted to either the first or second limiting part. The limiting block serves to position the energy-absorbing element and can also abut against the limiting part during energy absorption, creating indirect abutment between the second end of the energy-absorbing element and the lower tube column, reducing the risk of breakage of the energy-absorbing element and improving the reliability of the sliding of the energy-absorbing element relative to the guide groove.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the energy-absorbing mechanism further includes a buffer block disposed on the side of the limiting block along the axial direction of the upper tube column. The buffer block is adapted to fit the first limiting part or the second limiting part. The buffer block can absorb a portion of the energy when the limiting block abuts against the limiting part, further enhancing the energy absorption effect.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the energy-absorbing mechanism includes a fixing member that passes through the sliding block and is fixed to the guide block. The fixing member serves two purposes: firstly, it positions the sliding block and the guide block; secondly, it can break upon impact, absorbing energy while allowing the sliding block and the guide block to slide relative to each other.

[0012] In one possible implementation: the steering column assembly further includes: a first bracket, including a first positioning plate, a second positioning plate and a connecting frame, the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate being spaced apart, the connecting frame connecting the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, and the lower column body being disposed between the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate; and a locking mechanism, which is drivenly connected to the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, for locking or unlocking the relative movement of the upper column body and the lower column body.

[0013] In this way, the locking mechanism cooperates with the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate of the first bracket to lock or unlock the upper and lower tube columns through a simple structure, which helps to simplify the process and facilitate operation.

[0014] In one possible implementation: the steering column assembly further includes a second bracket, comprising a first part and a second part, the first part being fixedly connected to the lower column body and spaced apart from the first bracket, and the second part being rotatably connected to the first part.

[0015] In this way, the first and second parts of the rotating connection allow the lower tube column to rotate around its axis, thereby driving the steering wheel assembly mounted on the upper tube column to move up and down, making it convenient for the user to adjust the steering wheel to a suitable position.

[0016] In one possible implementation: the locking mechanism includes a connecting rod, a locking wheel, and an unlocking component; the connecting rod is drivingly connected to a first positioning plate and a second positioning plate, and the lower tube column portion is located between the connecting rod and the connecting frame; the locking wheel is installed on the side of the first positioning plate opposite to the second positioning plate, and the unlocking component is adapted to the locking wheel and fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The connecting rod is used to pull the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate to clamp or loosen the lower tube column when adjusting the cooperation relationship between the unlocking component and the locking wheel.

[0017] Thus, by adjusting the fit between the unlocking component and the locking wheel, the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate can be clamped or released from the lower tube column under the action of the connecting rod.

[0018] Embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle, including a body and a steering column assembly as described in the above embodiments, the steering column assembly being disposed on the body. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a steering column assembly according to an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows an exploded view of the steering column assembly.

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 An exploded view of a portion of the steering column assembly shown in another direction.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial structural cross-section of the steering column assembly.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of structure A shown.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial exploded view of the steering column assembly.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a steering wheel assembly in one embodiment.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of a vehicle in one embodiment.

[0027] Explanation of key component symbols:

[0028] Steering column assembly 100

[0029] Upper tube column 10

[0030] Guide block 11

[0031] Guide groove 12

[0032] Lower tube column 20

[0033] Mating groove 21

[0034] Limiting part 22

[0035] First limiting part 221

[0036] Second limiting part 222

[0037] Limiting groove 223

[0038] First support 30

[0039] First positioning plate 31

[0040] First mounting slot 311

[0041] Second positioning plate 32

[0042] Second mounting slot 321

[0043] Connector 33

[0044] Second support 40

[0045] Part 1, Chapter 41

[0046] Part 2, page 42

[0047] Locking mechanism 50

[0048] Connecting rod 51

[0049] Locking wheel 52

[0050] Protrusion 521

[0051] Recess 522

[0052] Unlock part 53

[0053] 531 mating wheel

[0054] Handle 532

[0055] First positioning component 54

[0056] Second positioning component 55

[0057] First elastic element 56

[0058] Second elastic element 57

[0059] Energy absorption mechanism 60

[0060] Sliding block 61

[0061] Energy-absorbing component 62

[0062] First end 621

[0063] Second end 622

[0064] Limit block 63

[0065] Fastener 64

[0066] Buffer block 65

[0067] Steering wheel assembly 200

[0068] Steering wheel assembly 201

[0069] Vehicle 300

[0070] Body 301

[0071] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate this application. Detailed Implementation

[0072] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0073] Existing steering columns employing collapsible energy-absorbing structures primarily include insert-type and steel strip tear-type structures. Insert-type energy-absorbing structures are engineering designs that absorb energy through a specific geometric arrangement of insert units (such as honeycomb, porous, or folded structures). They are typically located at the connection between the steering shaft and the steering wheel, offering a simple structure that is easy to manufacture and assemble. However, a drawback is that this structure causes the steering wheel and column to fall towards the driver's legs, which is detrimental to cushioning the impact and could potentially compromise driver safety in severe cases. Steel strip tear-type energy-absorbing structures are essentially an improved version of insert-type structures. They typically use U-shaped or V-shaped steel strips fixed to the collapsible section of the steering column. The steel strip not only absorbs energy but also prevents the steering wheel from detaching. However, its guiding properties are poor; during collapse, the steel strip's support can easily flip, leading to unstable collapse force—high force at the beginning and a sharp decrease in force at the end, or even failure to absorb energy, thus failing to effectively protect driver safety.

[0074] A steering column assembly includes an upper column body, a lower column body, and an energy-absorbing mechanism; the upper column body is slidably disposed in the lower column body; the energy-absorbing mechanism is connected to the upper column body; the lower column body is provided with a limiting groove, and the energy-absorbing mechanism is slidably disposed in the limiting groove; along the axial direction of the lower column body, one end of the limiting groove is provided with a first limiting part, and the other end is provided with a second limiting part, and the energy-absorbing mechanism is adapted to the first limiting part or the second limiting part.

[0075] The technical effect is that when the upper column collapses and slides relative to the lower column, the collapse movement of the energy absorption mechanism can be limited within the limiting groove, the collapse direction is stable and controllable, and the steering wheel is prevented from falling onto the driver's legs, thus improving the safety performance of the steering column assembly.

[0076] Example

[0077] Please see Figures 1 to 5 This application provides a steering column assembly 100, including an upper column 10, a lower column 20, and an energy-absorbing mechanism 60. The upper column 10 is slidably disposed within the lower column 20. The energy-absorbing mechanism 60 is connected to the upper column 10. The lower column 20 is provided with a limiting groove 223, and the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 is slidably disposed within the limiting groove 223. Along the axial direction A of the lower column 20, one end of the limiting groove 223 is provided with a first limiting part 221, and the other end is provided with a second limiting part 222. The energy-absorbing mechanism 60 is adapted to the first limiting part 221 or the second limiting part 222.

[0078] Specifically, the first limiting part 221 is located at the end of the limiting groove 223 away from the upper tube column 10, and the second limiting part 222 is located at the end of the limiting groove 223 facing the upper tube column 10. When the upper tube column 10 collapses and moves towards the lower tube column 20, the energy absorption mechanism 50 can slide along the limiting groove 223 to abut against the first limiting part 222 and absorb the kinetic energy of the upper tube column 10.

[0079] The first limiting part 221, the second limiting part 222, and the limiting groove 223 constitute the limiting part 22 on the lower tube column 20. During the adjustment of the steering wheel, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 can move within the limiting groove 223. The first limiting part 221 and the second limiting part 222 can also cooperate with the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 to limit the movement range of the upper tube column 10, preventing the upper tube column 10 from moving too much and accidentally falling off. In the event of an impact, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 can abut against the limiting part 22, absorb the kinetic energy of the upper tube column 10, and slow down the movement speed of the upper tube column 10 until it stops.

[0080] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 includes a guide block 11, a sliding block 61, and an energy-absorbing element 62. The guide block 11 is disposed on the outer surface of the upper tube column 10, the sliding block 61 is connected to the guide block 11, and the energy-absorbing element 62 passes through the sliding block 61 and is slidably disposed relative to the guide block 11.

[0081] Thus, when a collapse occurs, the sliding block 61 slides relative to the guide block 11, and the resulting friction can slow down the movement of the upper tube column 10. At the same time, the guide block 11 cooperates with the energy-absorbing component 62 to guide the direction of collapse movement, thereby improving the stability and controllability of the collapse force.

[0082] In some embodiments, the guide block 11 is provided with a guide groove 12, which extends along the axial direction A of the upper tube column 10. The energy-absorbing member 62 includes a first end 621 and a second end 622. The first end 621 passes through the sliding block 61 and is inserted into the guide groove 12. The second end 622 is adapted to be provided with either the first limiting part 221 or the second limiting part 222.

[0083] In the event of an impact, when the upper tube column 10 moves to the point where the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 abuts against the first limiting part 221, the sliding block 61 will slide relative to the guide block 11. The resulting friction can slow down the movement of the upper tube column 10. At the same time, the first end 621 of the energy-absorbing member 62 can slide within the guide groove 12, guiding the collapse movement direction of the upper tube column 10 and improving the stability and controllability of the collapse force. The second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 and the first limiting part 221 on the lower tube column 20 can abut directly or indirectly, and this application is not limited to this.

[0084] The axial direction of the upper tube column 10 is approximately the same as that of the lower tube column 20.

[0085] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing element 62 and the sliding block 61 can be fixed together by a threaded connection. In other embodiments, the fixing method between the energy-absorbing element 62 and the sliding block 61 includes, but is not limited to, welding, gluing, etc. The energy-absorbing element 62 can be, but is not limited to, a screw, pin, or latch structure.

[0086] In some embodiments, the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11 are stacked. The sliding block 61 covers the outer surface of the guide block 11 to increase the contact area between the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11, thereby increasing the friction, which is beneficial to improving the energy absorption effect and increasing the stability of the collapse force.

[0087] In some embodiments, along the width direction B of the guide groove 12, the outer surface of the first end 621 of the energy-absorbing member 62 abuts against the inner wall of the guide groove 12. An interference fit is formed between the energy-absorbing member 62 and the guide groove 12, which on the one hand positions the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11, and on the other hand improves the energy absorption effect of the energy-absorbing mechanism 60. Specifically, when the first end 621 of the energy-absorbing member 62 slides relative to the guide groove 12, the frictional force generated between the first end 621 and the inner wall of the guide groove 12 due to mutual abutment can slow down the movement of the upper tube column 10, absorb the kinetic energy of the upper tube column 10, and thus improve the energy absorption effect of the energy-absorbing mechanism 60.

[0088] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2As shown, the lower tube column 20 is provided with a mating groove 21, which extends along the axial direction of the lower tube column 20. A limiting groove 223 is formed on the side of the lower tube column 20 along the radial direction and communicates with the mating groove 21. The guide block 11 is at least partially received in the mating groove 21.

[0089] When the upper column 10 moves relative to the lower column 20, the mating groove 21 and the guide block 11 cooperate to guide the movement direction of the upper column 10, improving its stability. During steering wheel adjustment, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 also limits the range of movement of the upper column 10. In the event of an impact, the upper column 10 collapses and moves towards the lower column 20 until the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 abuts against the first limiting part 221 on the lower column 20. At this point, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 generates a corresponding collapse motion to absorb the kinetic energy of the upper column 10, slowing its movement until it stops. During energy absorption, the upper column 10 maintains a stable direction of movement, effectively protecting the driver's safety.

[0090] In some embodiments of this application, the guide block 11 is generally rectangular, and the mating groove 21 is generally rectangular, fitting with the guide block 11. The guide block 11 and the mating groove 21 are also in a clearance fit. Both the guide block 11 and the mating groove 21 extend along the axial direction A of the upper tube column 10 to adequately guide the movement direction of the upper tube column 10. In other embodiments, the guide block 11 may also be arc-shaped, prismatic, etc., and the shape of the mating groove 21 may be adapted to the guide block 11. This application does not limit this aspect.

[0091] Please refer to it again. Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 includes a limiting block 63, which is sandwiched between the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 and the sliding block 61. The limiting block 63 is adapted to the first limiting part 221 or the second limiting part 222.

[0092] The limiting block 63 can position the energy-absorbing member 62, allowing the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 to be located in the limiting groove 223. In one embodiment, the limiting block 63 can be sleeved on the outer periphery of the energy-absorbing member 62, and when the energy-absorbing member 62 is assembled to the sliding block 61, the limiting block 63 is clamped and positioned between the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 and the sliding block 61. In other embodiments, the limiting block 63 can also be disposed on the side of the energy-absorbing member 62 facing the first limiting part 221 or the second limiting part 222.

[0093] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 includes a fixing member 64 that connects the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11. Specifically, the fixing member 64 passes through the sliding block 61 and connects to the guide block 11 to keep the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11 relatively fixed before a collision. The fixing member 64 may be, but is not limited to, a screw, rivet, pin, or similar structure.

[0094] In the event of an impact, the energy-absorbing component 62 directly or indirectly abuts against the lower tube column 20, causing the sliding block 61 to move relative to the guide block 11, thereby generating a shearing force on the fixing component 64, causing the fixing component 64 to break. While absorbing energy, the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11 can slide relative to each other, further absorbing the kinetic energy of the upper tube column 10.

[0095] In some embodiments of this application, two fasteners 64 are disposed at both ends of the sliding block 61 to fix both ends of the sliding block 61 to the guide block 11. In other embodiments, the number of fasteners 64 may be one or more, as long as the connection requirements between the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11 are met, and this application is not limited thereto.

[0096] In some embodiments, the limiting block 63 protrudes at least partially from the inner wall of the lower tube column 20 to be adapted to fit the first limiting part 221 or the second limiting part 222. Thus, the limiting block 63 can also abut against the lower tube column 20 during energy absorption, creating indirect abutment between the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 and the lower tube column 20, reducing the risk of breakage of the energy-absorbing member 62 and improving the reliability of the sliding of the energy-absorbing member 62 relative to the guide groove 12.

[0097] In some embodiments, the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 may further include a buffer block 65, which is disposed on the side of the limiting block 63 along the axial direction A of the upper tube 10. The buffer block 65 is adapted to fit the first limiting part 221 or the second limiting part 222. The buffer block 65 is made of materials with a certain degree of elasticity, such as rubber or foam. In this way, the buffer block 65 can absorb a portion of the energy when the limiting block 63 abuts against the lower tube 20, further improving the energy absorption effect.

[0098] In some embodiments, the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 may also protrude from the outer wall of the lower tube column 20, that is, along the radial direction of the lower tube column 20, the end face of the second end 622 of the energy-absorbing member 62 protrudes from the outer surface of the first limiting part 221 and the second limiting part 222, so that during the collision, the energy-absorbing member 62 can fully resist the limiting part 22 to ensure the energy absorption effect.

[0099] Please refer to it again. Figures 1 to 4In some embodiments, the steering column assembly 100 further includes a first bracket 30, a second bracket 40, and a locking mechanism 50. The first bracket 30 is disposed at the end of the lower column 20 facing the upper column 10. The second bracket 40 is connected to the lower column 20 and is spaced apart from the first bracket 30. The locking mechanism 50 is disposed on the first bracket 30 and is used to lock or unlock the relative movement of the upper column 10 and the lower column 20.

[0100] Thus, by partially inserting the upper tube column 10 into the lower tube column 20 to form the structure on the lower body, both the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 can be set on the lower tube column 20 to connect to the vehicle body structure. Furthermore, the locking mechanism 50 set on the first bracket 30 positions the upper tube column 10 and the lower tube column 20. The upper tube column 10 no longer needs to be assembled to the vehicle body structure via a mounting bracket, avoiding the problem of inconsistent assembly precision between the upper tube column 10 and the lower tube column 20 during the assembly of the first bracket 30 and the second bracket 40 with the vehicle body structure. This effectively improves the consistency of steering wheel adjustment force, greatly reduces problems such as jamming and resistance during steering wheel adjustment, significantly enhances the user experience, and also reduces the processing precision requirements of the vehicle body dashboard crossbeam, thereby saving manufacturing costs and enhancing market competitiveness.

[0101] Specifically, along the axial direction A of the upper tube column 10, a portion of the upper tube column 10 is inserted into one end of the lower tube column 20, and the upper tube column 10 and the lower tube column 20 are clearance-fitted. When the locking mechanism 50 is in the unlocked state, the upper tube column 10 can slide axially relative to the lower tube column 20 under external force, facilitating adjustment of the steering wheel's fore-and-aft position. When the locking mechanism 50 is in the locked state, the outer side of the lower tube column 20 is clamped, thereby clamping the portion of the upper tube column 10 inserted into the lower tube column 20 to position the lower tube column 20 and the upper tube column 10.

[0102] When the locking mechanism 50 is in the unlocked state, the upper column 10 can slide relative to the lower column 20 and rotate together with the lower column 20 relative to the second part 42 of the second bracket 40. The steering wheel can be adjusted in the up-down and back-and-forth directions to suit the driver's needs. When the locking mechanism 50 is in the locked state, in the event of a collision, the steering wheel, bearing the impact from the driver, transmits the impact force to the upper column 10. When the accumulated impact force exceeds the friction between the upper column 10 and the lower column 20, the upper column 10 will begin to collapse and move. When the limiting block 63 in the energy-absorbing mechanism 60 moves to the limiting part 22 of the lower column tube 20, the fixing member 64 connecting the sliding block 61 and the guide block 11 breaks under the obstruction of the lower column tube 20. The impact force continues to increase until it exceeds the frictional force between the energy-absorbing member 62 and the guide groove 12, and the frictional force between the sliding block 61 and the guide block 111. The upper column tube 10 continues to collapse and move, but the moving speed gradually decreases until the impact force is completely offset. The driver is protected by the collapse force continuously provided by the energy-absorbing mechanism, avoiding unbearable injuries caused by rapid impact.

[0103] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the first support 30 includes a first positioning plate 31, a second positioning plate 32, and a connecting frame 33. The first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 are spaced apart, and the connecting frame 33 connects the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32. The lower tube column 20 is partially disposed between the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32. A locking mechanism 50 is driven to connect the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32. The locking mechanism 50 is used to drive the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 to clamp or release the lower tube column 20. The locking mechanism 50 cooperates with the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 of the first support 30 to achieve locking or unlocking of the upper tube column 10 and the lower tube column 20 through a simple structure, which is beneficial to simplifying the process and facilitating operation.

[0104] Please continue reading. Figure 6In one embodiment, the locking mechanism 50 includes a connecting rod 51, a locking wheel 52, and an unlocking member 53. The connecting rod 51 is drively connected to the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32, and the lower tube column 20 is partially disposed between the connecting rod 51 and the connecting frame 33. The locking wheel 52 is installed on the side of the first positioning plate 31 opposite to the second positioning plate 32. The unlocking member 53 is adapted to the locking wheel 52, and the unlocking member 51 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 51. The connecting rod 51 is used to pull the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 to clamp or loosen the lower tube column when adjusting the cooperation relationship between the unlocking member 53 and the locking wheel 52. Thus, by adjusting the cooperation relationship between the unlocking member 53 and the locking wheel 52, the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 are clamped or loosened by the connecting rod 51.

[0105] Furthermore, the locking mechanism 50 may also include a first positioning member 54 and a second positioning member 55 sleeved on the connecting rod 51. The locking wheel 52 and the unlocking member 53 may also be sleeved on the connecting rod 51. The first positioning plate 31 of the first bracket 30 is provided with a first mounting groove 311, and the second positioning plate 32 is provided with a second mounting groove 321. The first mounting groove 311 and the second mounting groove 321 are correspondingly arranged. The connecting rod 51 of the locking mechanism 50 passes through the first mounting groove 311 and the second mounting groove 321. The lower tube column 20 is partially disposed between the connecting rod 51 and the connecting frame 33 of the first bracket 30. The first positioning member 54 is disposed on the side of the first positioning plate 31 opposite to the second positioning plate 32, the locking wheel 52 is installed on the side of the first positioning member 54 opposite to the first positioning plate 31, and the unlocking member 53 is disposed opposite to the locking wheel 52, and the unlocking member 53 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 51. The second positioning element 55 is located on the side of the second positioning plate 32 opposite to the first positioning plate 31, and is fixed relative to the connecting rod 51.

[0106] Furthermore, the locking wheel 52 is provided with a protrusion 521 and a recess 522. When the unlocking member 53 engages with the protrusion 521, under the pulling and guiding action of the connecting rod 51, the first positioning member 54 can press the first positioning plate 31, and the second positioning member 55 can press the second positioning plate 32, so that the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 move closer to each other to clamp the lower tube column 20, thereby positioning the lower tube column 20 and the upper tube column 10. When the unlocking member 53 engages with the recess 522, the pressing force disappears, the first positioning plate 31 and the second positioning plate 32 release the lower tube column 20, and the upper tube column 10 can slide relative to the lower tube column 20 to adjust the fore-and-aft position of the steering wheel.

[0107] Furthermore, the unlocking component 53 includes a mating wheel 531 and a handle 532. The mating wheel 531 is fixedly disposed on the side of the handle 532 facing the locking wheel 52. The handle 532 is used to drive the mating wheel 531 to rotate, so that the mating wheel 531 engages with the protrusion 521 or the recess 522 on the locking wheel 52, thereby switching the state of the locking mechanism 50.

[0108] Furthermore, the locking mechanism 50 also includes a first elastic element 56 and a second elastic element 57. The first elastic element 56 connects the first bracket 30 and the unlocking element 53. Along the radial direction of the lower tube column 20, the dimensions of the first mounting groove 311 and the second mounting groove 321 are both larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 51. When the locking mechanism 50 is in the unlocked state, the first elastic element 56 acts as a reset element for the lower tube column 20, thereby achieving reset when the steering wheel is adjusted up and down. The second elastic element 57 is disposed between the second positioning plate 32 and the second positioning element 55, and is used to assist in clamping or releasing the lower tube column 20.

[0109] Please refer to it again. Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the second bracket 40 includes a first part 41 and a second part 42. The first part 41 is fixedly connected to the lower tube column 20, and the second part 42 is rotatably connected to the first part 41. The rotatably connected first part 41 and second part 42 in the second bracket 40 allow the lower tube column 20 to rotate around its axis, thereby driving the steering wheel assembly 201 mounted on the upper tube column 10 to move up and down, making it convenient for the user to adjust the steering wheel to a suitable position. Thus, when the locking mechanism 50 is in the unlocked state, the upper tube column 10 can slide relative to the lower tube column 20 to adjust the fore-and-aft position of the steering wheel, and can also rotate together with the lower tube column 20 relative to the second part 42 of the second bracket 40 to adjust the vertical position of the steering wheel.

[0110] Please refer to it again. Figures 1 to 4 In some embodiments, the steering column assembly 100 further includes a steering shaft 70 disposed within the upper column body 10 and the lower column body 20. The steering shaft 70 can be used to mount other structures associated with the steering column assembly 100, such as the steering wheel assembly 201.

[0111] Please see Figure 7 The embodiments of this application also provide a steering wheel assembly 200, including a steering wheel assembly 201 and a steering column assembly 100 as described in the above embodiments, wherein the steering wheel assembly 201 is disposed at one end of the upper column body 10 of the steering column assembly 100.

[0112] Please see Figure 8The embodiments of this application also provide a vehicle 300, including a body 301 and a steering column assembly 100 or a steering wheel assembly 200 as described in the above embodiments, wherein the steering column assembly 100 or the steering wheel assembly 200 is disposed on the body 301.

[0113] Terminology Explanation

[0114] In this application, the steering wheel assembly is a combination of the steering wheel body and key accessories such as the steering column assembly.

[0115] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more.

[0116] In this application, unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0117] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc., in this application (if present) are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0118] In this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, in this application, the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0119] Unless otherwise specified, all steps in this application may be performed sequentially or randomly. For example, if the method includes steps A and B, it means that the method may include steps A and B performed sequentially, or it may include steps B and A performed sequentially. For example, if the method may also include step C, it means that step C may be added to the method in any order. For example, the method may include steps A, B, and C, or it may include steps A, C, and B, or it may include steps C, A, and B, etc.

[0120] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A steering column assembly, characterized in that, include: Upper tubular column; The lower tube column is slidably disposed within the upper tube column; An energy-absorbing mechanism is connected to the upper tube column. The lower tube column is provided with a limiting groove, and the energy absorption mechanism is slidably disposed in the limiting groove; along the axial direction of the lower tube column, one end of the limiting groove is provided with a first limiting part, and the other end is provided with a second limiting part, and the energy absorption mechanism is adapted to the first limiting part or the second limiting part.

2. The steering column assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy-absorbing mechanism includes a guide block, a sliding block, and an energy-absorbing component. The guide block is disposed on the outer surface of the upper tube column, the sliding block is connected to the guide block, and the energy-absorbing component passes through the sliding block and is slidably disposed relative to the guide block.

3. The steering column assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide block is provided with a guide groove, which extends along the axial direction of the upper tube column; the first end of the energy-absorbing member passes through the sliding block and is inserted into the guide groove, and the second end of the energy-absorbing member is adapted to the first limiting part or the second limiting part.

4. The steering column assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The energy absorption mechanism further includes a limiting block, which is sandwiched between the second end of the energy absorption member and the sliding block, and the limiting block is adapted to the first limiting part or the second limiting part.

5. The steering column assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy absorption mechanism also includes a buffer block. Along the axial direction of the upper tube column, the buffer block is disposed on the side of the limiting block, and the buffer block is adapted to the first limiting part or the second limiting part.

6. The steering column assembly according to any one of claims 2-5, characterized in that: The energy absorption mechanism also includes a fixing member, which passes through the sliding block and is fixed to the guide block.

7. The steering column assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: The first support includes a first positioning plate, a second positioning plate, and a connecting frame. The first positioning plate and the second positioning plate are spaced apart. The connecting frame connects the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate. The lower tube column portion is located between the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate. The locking mechanism is connected to the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate via a transmission, and is used to lock or unlock the relative movement of the upper tube column and the lower tube column.

8. The steering column assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, Also includes: The second support includes a first part and a second part. The first part is fixedly connected to the lower tube column and is spaced apart from the first support. The second part is rotatably connected to the first part.

9. The steering column assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking mechanism includes a connecting rod, a locking wheel, and an unlocking component; the connecting rod is drivingly connected to the first positioning plate and the second positioning plate, and the lower tube column portion is located between the connecting rod and the connecting frame; the locking wheel is installed on the side of the first positioning plate opposite to the second positioning plate, the unlocking component is adapted to the locking wheel, and the unlocking component is fixedly connected to the connecting rod.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: Body; and, The steering column assembly according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the steering column assembly is disposed on the vehicle body.

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