Door handle controller and vehicle

Abstract

The utility model discloses a door handle controller and vehicle, this door handle controller includes: PCB substrate is equipped with at least one condenser detection unit on the PCB substrate, the condenser detection unit includes the inductive area, the area of inductive area is increasing or decreasing with the sliding path presents, makes the capacitance value gradient change with the sliding position of conductive object in the inductive area, control unit is connected with condenser detection unit communication, is used for gathering gradient change's capacitance value, calculates the sliding characteristic parameter according to the capacitance value, and triggers the control instruction to the door based on the sliding characteristic parameter, and the sliding characteristic parameter includes at least one in sliding direction, sliding speed, acceleration. This door handle controller supports gesture sliding operation, need not accurate pressing, combines algorithm filtering noise, and false touch rate is extremely low, and work is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of door handles, and more particularly to a door handle controller and a vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional car door handle controllers generally employ a single-point triggered capacitive sensing solution, with its core structure typically based on a rectangular herringbone-shaped integrated PCB layout. This type of solution uses a fixed-shape sensing area (such as a rectangular copper plate) on the PCB. When a finger touches this area, the capacitance value changes a single jump, triggering the door to unlock or lock. However, this technology has the following significant drawbacks: 1. Existing PCB layouts can only detect touches at fixed locations, and the capacitance signal output is a discrete single-point value, unable to capture continuous changes during the touch process, causing the controller to fail to recognize the continuous characteristics of user interaction. 2. Relying on a single threshold trigger mechanism, it is susceptible to environmental interference (such as rain or static electricity). Slight touches or external interference may cause the door to unlock unexpectedly, posing a safety hazard. 3. Traditional solutions only support "all or nothing" logic based on fixed triggers (such as unlock / lock), lacking adaptability to user interaction characteristics and limiting functional scalability.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new door handle controller solution that can balance detection accuracy, anti-interference ability, and cost-effectiveness. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the first objective of this utility model is to provide a door handle controller, the second objective of this utility model is to provide a control method for the door handle controller, and the third objective of this utility model is to provide a vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0006] Firstly, a door handle controller includes:

[0007] A PCB substrate, wherein at least one capacitance detection unit is provided on the PCB substrate, the capacitance detection unit includes a sensing area, the area of ​​the sensing area increases or decreases with the sliding path, so that the capacitance value changes in a gradient with the sliding position of the conductive object in the sensing area.

[0008] The control unit is communicatively connected to the capacitance detection unit and is used to collect the capacitance value of gradient changes, calculate the sliding characteristic parameters based on the capacitance value, and trigger control commands to the door based on the sliding characteristic parameters. The sliding characteristic parameters include at least one of sliding direction, sliding speed, and acceleration.

[0009] The gradient change in capacitance refers to the regular and continuous change in capacitance of the sensing area as the conductive object slides, such as a linear increase or decrease. This gradient characteristic is achieved by the shape and layout of the sensing area. For example, when the sensing area is set as a right triangle, the area covered by the conductive object changes linearly with the sliding position as it slides on the surface of the sensing area, resulting in a linear increase or decrease in capacitance. The sliding characteristic parameters include at least one of sliding direction, velocity, and acceleration. The continuous capacitance signal is differentially processed and filtered using an algorithm to extract effective characteristic parameters. Different parameter combinations are then mapped to corresponding control commands according to a preset program, thereby providing data support for triggering the gate control strategy. The differential operation includes at least time difference, referring to the capacitance difference at different sampling times, i.e. The sliding direction, velocity, and acceleration are calculated to provide sliding characteristic parameters for triggering control commands. The conductive object refers to an object whose conductivity can cause a change in the capacitance value of the sensing area, including a human hand, metal touch tools, or other conductive media.

[0010] By setting a capacitance detection unit on the PCB substrate, and utilizing the characteristic that the capacitance value of its sensing area changes continuously with the sliding position of a conductive object, the continuous trajectory of a hand's movement can be captured in real time. This avoids detection errors caused by signal jumps in traditional single-point triggering schemes, significantly improving detection accuracy. The control unit analyzes the continuously changing capacitance value to accurately calculate sliding characteristic parameters such as sliding direction, speed, and acceleration, thereby distinguishing different operation actions such as fast sliding, slow sliding, sliding to the left, and sliding to the right. Different control commands are triggered based on one or a combination of two operation actions, such as unlocking or locking the car door, or waking up the vehicle's electronic system, enabling flexible and diverse control strategies. Simultaneously, by continuously sampling and processing the continuously changing capacitance signal, combined with algorithms, instantaneous noise signals such as water droplets and electrostatic interference can be effectively filtered out, reducing the probability of false triggering and significantly improving the system's stability in complex environments. Furthermore, users only need to slide their hands across the sensing area to complete the operation, without needing to precisely press a specific trigger point, greatly improving the intuitiveness and convenience of operation.

[0011] Optionally, the door handle controller includes at least one set of capacitance detection units, each set of capacitance detection units including two capacitance detection units, the two capacitance detection units being arranged opposite each other on both sides of the sliding path along the width direction of the PCB substrate; the capacitance value of the sensing area of ​​one capacitance detection unit changes with the sliding position of the conductive object in a continuous gradient increasing, and the capacitance value of the sensing area of ​​the other capacitance detection unit changes with the sliding position of the conductive object in a continuous gradient decreasing.

[0012] By setting two capacitance detection units on opposite sides of the sliding path, when a conductive object (such as a hand) moves along the sliding path, it can simultaneously cover two sensing areas within the same group. The capacitance value of one sensing area within the same group exhibits a continuously increasing gradient with the sliding position, while the other exhibits a continuously decreasing gradient. By synergistically utilizing spatial and temporal difference mechanisms, detection accuracy and anti-interference capability are significantly improved. Specifically, this is achieved by calculating the capacitance difference between the two sensing areas within the same group at the same moment in real time. This eliminates the synchronous impact of common-mode noise such as temperature drift and electromagnetic interference on a single capacitance detection unit. For example, within the same group, there is one upright triangle and one inverted triangle. The capacitance value of the upright triangle decreases as it slides, while the capacitance value of the inverted triangle increases. After differential sampling, the effective signal amplitude doubles, and the noise cancels out. Combining the capacitance difference between adjacent sampling times, i.e. The system calculates the sliding direction and speed; for example, the positive or negative time difference is directly related to the sliding direction, and the absolute value of the rate of change reflects the speed. By comparing the signal change trends of two sensing areas within the same group (e.g., one increasing and the other decreasing) and the continuity of the time difference, it distinguishes between valid sliding and interference operations such as momentary touch or local lingering. If the signal change trends are contradictory (e.g., synchronous increase or decrease) or the time continuity is insufficient, it is determined to be an invalid operation.

[0013] Optionally, the spacing between two capacitance detection units in the same group can be set to ≤2mm. Typically, the spacing between other capacitance detection units in the same group can be set to 1mm; if the spacing is too large, it will affect signal continuity.

[0014] Optionally, the door handle controller includes at least four sets of capacitance detection units, which are arranged at intervals along the sliding path. The spacing between adjacent sets of capacitance detection units can be set to ≤6mm. Typically, the spacing between adjacent sets of capacitance detection units can be set to 5mm to ensure the effectiveness of sliding direction detection.

[0015] By arranging at least four sets of capacitive sensing units at intervals along the sliding path, the continuity, redundancy, and flexibility of the control strategy can be significantly improved. Multiple sets of capacitive sensing units distributed along the sliding path ensure that the finger remains within the detection range of at least one set of units throughout the sliding process, avoiding signal interruption caused by the sliding range exceeding the detection area of ​​a single set. Simultaneously, the detection signals from adjacent sets of units can be smoothly connected, achieving seamless tracking of the sliding trajectory and thus improving the user experience. The collaborative operation of multiple sets of units provides redundant data sources. When one set of units fails due to environmental interference or hardware malfunction, other sets of units can still provide valid signals to ensure stable system operation. Furthermore, by analyzing the differences in signal triggering timing between different sets of units, such as the triggering time difference from the first set to the second set, the trends in sliding speed and acceleration can be accurately calculated, providing data support for multi-level control strategies such as low-speed wake-up and high-speed unlocking.

[0016] Optionally, the sensing area is a right-angled triangle, with the right-angled vertices of the two right-angled triangles in the same group of capacitance detection units located on both sides of the sliding path and facing opposite directions, thereby ensuring that when the conductive object slides along the sliding path, the capacitance values ​​of the two sensing areas in the same group of capacitance detection units increase one and decrease the other.

[0017] Optionally, the two right-angled triangles in the same group of capacitance detection units are the same size and shape, and the vertical sliding paths of the two right-angled triangles in the same group are set opposite each other, and the larger acute angles of the two triangles are set opposite each other.

[0018] By setting two sensing areas in the same capacitance detection unit as two identical right-angled triangles, with their right-angle vertices located on opposite sides of the sliding path and facing opposite directions, for example, if the sliding path is along the length of a PCB substrate, the two sensing areas in the same group are positioned opposite each other along the width of the PCB. The upper triangle is placed upright with its vertical right-angle side on the left side of the sliding path, while the lower triangle is placed upside down with its vertical right-angle side on the right side of the sliding path. This complementary arrangement of upright and upside-down triangles ensures that as the conductive object slides from left to right, the capacitance value of the upright triangle's sensing area decreases with the sliding position, while the capacitance value of the upside-down triangle's sensing area increases with the sliding position, creating a gradient change in opposite directions. Differential signal processing can eliminate the influence of common-mode noise on the detection results, such as electromagnetic interference, and directly correlates the logical relationship of the sliding direction, such as left or right sliding, thereby improving the intuitiveness and reliability of direction determination. The symmetrical arrangement of the two triangles creates a uniform electric field distribution on both sides of the sliding path, avoiding misjudgments caused by sudden signal changes or partial obstruction on one side. When a finger slides across the intersection of two triangles, the signals on both sides change synchronously, and the differential signal can still be output stably, ensuring the continuity of the detection results. Through the coordinated optimization of geometric layout and signal processing, this design can achieve highly robust sliding detection, suitable for the stable operation of vehicle gate control systems in complex environments.

[0019] Optionally, the acute angle of the right triangle is 20° to 50°, the sum of the lengths of the two legs is ≥15mm, and the area of ​​the right triangle is ≥25mm². 2 .

[0020] This invention significantly improves the sensitivity and signal stability of sliding detection by optimizing the shape and size of the sensing area. Specifically, the sensing area is designed as a right-angled triangle with an acute angle ranging from 20° to 50°. This avoids abnormal gradients in capacitance changes caused by excessively sharp or gentle angles, resulting in a linear or near-linear gradient characteristic of capacitance changes with the sliding position, providing a highly discriminative input signal for the algorithm. Simultaneously, the sum of the lengths of the two right-angled sides of the triangle is limited to no less than 15mm, and the area of ​​each side is no less than 25mm². This ensures that the sensing area has sufficient physical dimensions, avoiding insufficient signal strength or detection blind spots caused by an excessively small area, and maintaining the uniformity of the electric field distribution. This allows for clear and consistent capacitance changes triggered by the finger at different sliding positions. The coordinated design of these parameters, through precise matching of hardware layout and algorithm logic, further suppresses the impact of environmental interference on the detection results, comprehensively improving the reliability of the system in complex scenarios.

[0021] Optionally, the capacitance detection unit further includes a shielding region surrounding the sensing region. The shielding region is a conductive structure used to constrain the electric field distribution and isolate external interference. The distance between the shielding region and the sensing region is less than or equal to 1 mm. Typically, the distance between the shielding region and the sensing region can be set to 0.05 mm. Too small a distance may cause signal coupling, while too large a distance will weaken the shielding effect. The shielding region can be made of the same metal material as the sensing region, such as copper foil.

[0022] By setting a surrounding shielding area around the sensing area of ​​the capacitance detection unit, the anti-interference capability and stability of the detection signal can be significantly improved. The shielding area completely encloses the sensing area with conductive material, forming an electromagnetic shielding barrier that effectively isolates external electromagnetic noise (such as radiation from vehicle electronic devices and wireless signal interference) and crosstalk from adjacent circuits, ensuring a concentrated and uniform electric field distribution in the sensing area. When a conductive object (such as a finger) approaches, the shielding area can suppress the abnormal influence of environmental interference on the capacitance value of the sensing area, thereby reducing the probability of false triggering and improving detection accuracy. In addition, the surrounding design of the shielding area can also prevent edge electric field leakage of the sensing area, avoiding signal drift caused by changes in environmental humidity, temperature, or the proximity of metallic foreign objects, further enhancing the reliability of the system under complex operating conditions.

[0023] Optionally, the capacitance detection unit is a metal sheet, and the metal material is selected from copper, aluminum, or a conductive alloy. The conductive alloy can be a material composed of two or more metallic elements, possessing both high conductivity and mechanical properties such as strength and ductility, such as copper-nickel alloys or aluminum-magnesium alloys. Copper has excellent conductivity, ensuring high sensitivity and low noise in capacitance signals, making it suitable for scenarios with stringent detection accuracy requirements. Aluminum maintains good conductivity while being lighter and exhibiting outstanding corrosion resistance, making it suitable for vehicle components requiring reduced overall weight or long-term exposure to humid environments. Conductive alloys can combine high conductivity, mechanical strength, and fatigue resistance to adapt to mechanical stress and temperature changes under complex working conditions. The selection of these materials balances electrical performance, manufacturing costs, and environmental tolerance, providing flexible solutions for different application scenarios.

[0024] Optionally, the PCB substrate may also integrate:

[0025] A voltage regulator, the input of which is connected to the vehicle power supply, and the output of which provides a stable voltage to the control unit and the capacitor detection unit;

[0026] A LIN transceiver, the signal terminal of which is connected to the control unit and the power supply terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator, is used to transmit the control commands to the main control unit via the LIN bus.

[0027] The voltage regulator converts fluctuating onboard power supply voltage into a stable low-voltage output (such as 5V or 3.3V), providing a clean operating voltage for the control unit and capacitor detection unit. This avoids signal noise or detection errors caused by voltage fluctuations, maintaining signal acquisition accuracy, especially under power fluctuation scenarios such as vehicle start-stop and rapid acceleration. The LIN transceiver interacts with the vehicle's main control unit based on the LIN bus protocol, achieving reliable transmission of control commands through a low-cost single-wire communication link. Its anti-interference design (such as filtering circuits and redundancy verification mechanisms) ensures accurate delivery of door control commands in complex electromagnetic environments, with extremely low power consumption, meeting the low-power requirements of vehicle electronic systems. Integrating the voltage regulator and LIN transceiver onto the PCB substrate significantly reduces the need for external wiring harnesses and independent controllers, lowering system complexity and manufacturing costs, while improving the long-term stability of the door control unit under harsh conditions such as high temperature and vibration.

[0028] Secondly, a door handle control method includes the following steps:

[0029] The capacitance value generated by a conductive object sliding in the sensing area is obtained in real time by at least one capacitance detection unit.

[0030] The capacitance values ​​at different times in the same capacitance detection unit are calculated using time difference to obtain a time difference signal;

[0031] The sliding characteristic parameters of the conductive object are calculated based on the time difference signal, and the sliding characteristic parameters include at least one of sliding direction, sliding velocity and acceleration;

[0032] Control commands to the door are triggered based on the matching result of at least one sliding feature parameter and a preset threshold.

[0033] By using time-difference calculation to capture dynamic changes in the sliding motion in real time, detection accuracy and response speed are significantly improved. The time-difference signal is obtained by measuring the capacitance difference at different sampling times. Extraction can eliminate the interference of environmental noise on the signal at a single moment, ensuring the accuracy of the sliding characteristic parameters. Through the matching logic of preset thresholds and parameter combinations, it supports flexible control strategies and adapts to the dynamic adjustment needs in complex environments.

[0034] Optionally, when the door handle controller includes at least one set of capacitance detection units, the control method further includes:

[0035] Spatial difference calculation is performed on the capacitance values ​​of two capacitance detection units in the same group at the same time to obtain a spatial difference signal;

[0036] The time difference signal is calculated based on the spatial difference signal difference within the same group of capacitor detection units at different times.

[0037] By coordinating spatial and temporal differential processing, signal quality and anti-interference capabilities are further optimized. The spatial differential signal is obtained by measuring the real-time capacitance difference between two capacitance detection units within the same group. Calculations are performed to eliminate common-mode noise and enhance the effective signal amplitude. This is combined with time-difference time-to-spatial-difference time-series analysis. This allows for the extraction of purer sliding feature parameters. For example, the complementary layout of upright and inverted triangles doubles the amplitude of the spatial difference signal, providing a high signal-to-noise ratio input for the temporal difference.

[0038] Optionally, the sliding direction is determined by the sign of the time difference signal;

[0039] The sliding speed is calculated by the ratio of the time difference signal to the sampling time interval to obtain the capacitance change rate, and the capacitance change rate is mapped to the actual sliding speed based on a preset scaling factor.

[0040] The acceleration is calculated using the rate of change of the sliding velocity.

[0041] Specifically, the sliding direction is directly determined by the sign of the time difference signal, such as... To swipe left, The calculation is simple and noise-resistant for sliding to the right.

[0042] Sliding speed ,in, It is a time-difference signal. The time interval between two sampling moments is denoted by k, which is a preset scaling factor determined by the shape and material of the sensing area and system calibration. It is used to convert the capacitance change rate into physical velocity, in mm / s.

[0043] acceleration ,in for The sliding speed at any given moment, for The sliding speed at any given moment, The time interval between two sampling moments.

[0044] Car door handles are typically elongated structures. Using only one set of capacitive sensing units results in limited coverage; when a finger slides beyond this area, the signal is interrupted, preventing the algorithm from continuously tracking. Increasing the length of the capacitive sensing units may reduce the gradient of capacitance changes, making the signal change smooth and difficult to distinguish between sliding speed and direction. Considering the number of controller ports, setting up four sets of capacitive sensing units is a preferred solution. These four sets are evenly distributed along the length of the door handle, continuously capturing the start, middle, and end positions of the finger slide, ensuring continuous signal transmission throughout. Furthermore, the differential signals from multiple sets of capacitive sensing units can cross-verify the sliding direction. For example, if the first set detects a rightward slide, and the second set detects the same trend, misjudgments caused by local interference can be eliminated. Additionally, fusion calculations using multiple sets of data can reduce noise impact and improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0045] The preset threshold is a parameter trigger boundary calibrated based on environmental interference, user operating habits, and hardware accuracy, used to correlate sliding characteristic parameters with control commands. Users can customize the threshold through the vehicle settings menu or a mobile application. For example, users who prefer fast operation can increase the unlocking speed threshold.

[0046] In practical applications, a control command can be triggered based on a threshold value of a single sliding characteristic parameter, or it can be triggered based on a combination of multiple sliding characteristic parameters. For example:

[0047] A quick right swipe at a speed of 80-100 mm / s and an acceleration of ≥5 mm / s² corresponds to the control command to unlock the car door;

[0048] A quick left swipe at a speed of 80-100 mm / s and an acceleration of ≥5 mm / s² corresponds to the control command to lock the car door;

[0049] Slow right / left swipe, speed 40-80mm / s and acceleration ≥5mm / s² corresponds to the control command to wake up the vehicle;

[0050] Speed ​​< 40 mm / s or > 100 mm / s or sudden acceleration → determined as false trigger, vehicle does not respond;

[0051] If 10 valid swipes are detected within 15 seconds, the corresponding control command will activate the anti-play mode, and the response will be disabled within 30 seconds.

[0052] Thirdly, a vehicle including the aforementioned door handle controller.

[0053] Due to the application of the above technical solution, this utility model has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0054] 1. By utilizing the shape and arrangement of the sensing areas in the capacitance detection unit, and differential signal processing technology, the continuous trajectory of a finger's movement is captured in real time. Spatial differential processing eliminates noise interference, while temporal differential processing accurately calculates the sliding direction, speed, and acceleration, improving detection accuracy, preventing false triggering, and ensuring stable operation of the controller.

[0055] 2. Supports gesture-based swipe operation, eliminating the need for precise pressing. A shielded area surrounds the sensing area, suppressing electric field leakage and external interference. Combined with algorithm-based noise filtering, the false touch rate is extremely low.

[0056] 3. The sensing area is a right triangle with an acute angle of 20° to 50°, with the sum of the lengths of the right-angled sides ≥15mm and the area ≥25mm², to ensure that the capacitance gradient changes linearly and the signal strength is sufficient.

[0057] 4. Set at least four sets of capacitance detection units to be arranged at intervals along the sliding path to ensure that the finger slides within the detection range throughout the entire process and avoid signal interruption; the signals of adjacent sets are smoothly connected to achieve blind spot-free trajectory tracking and provide a smooth and natural user experience.

[0058] 5. The PCB substrate integrates a voltage regulator and a LIN transceiver. The voltage regulator converts fluctuating on-board power voltage into a stable output voltage, ensuring the purity of signal acquisition; the LIN transceiver reliably transmits commands, and its anti-interference design adapts to complex on-board environments. The integrated design reduces external wiring harnesses, is resistant to high and low temperatures and vibration, and extends service life.

[0059] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0060] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0061] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of the door handle controller in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0062] Figure 2 This is the controller structure in the embodiment of this utility model;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the control method in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0064] The reference numerals in the above figures are as follows: 1. PCB substrate; 2. Capacitance detection unit; 21. Sensing area; 22. Shielding area; 3. Control unit; 4. Single-point trigger unit. Detailed Implementation

[0065] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0066] Example: See Figures 1-2 As shown, a door handle controller, installed within the door handle housing, includes a PCB substrate 1. The PCB substrate 1 integrates a capacitance detection unit 2, a control unit 3, a voltage regulator, a LIN transceiver, and peripheral passive components. The capacitance detection unit 2 detects the sliding position of a conductive object in real time and generates a capacitance value signal. The control unit 3, a microcontroller, is connected to the capacitance detection unit 2 via a signal line to receive and process the capacitance value signal, performing analog-to-digital conversion and logic operations. The voltage regulator's input is connected to the vehicle's power supply, and its output provides a stable voltage to the control unit 3, capacitance detection unit 2, and peripheral circuits via a power line. The LIN transceiver's signal terminal is connected to the communication interface of the control unit 3, and its power terminal is connected to the voltage regulator's output terminal, converting processed control commands into LIN bus protocol signals and transmitting them to the vehicle's main control unit. Peripheral passive components assist in improving EMC performance. All components are physically connected via PCB electrical traces and pads, collaboratively performing signal acquisition, processing, and command transmission functions.

[0067] The capacitance detection unit 2 includes a sensing area 21, which is a right-angled triangle with its longer right-angle side parallel to the sliding path direction and its shorter right-angle side perpendicular to the sliding path direction. The sliding path extends along the length of the door handle housing, that is, along the length of the PCB board. When a hand slides along this path, the area of ​​the right-angled triangle it covers changes linearly with the sliding position, causing the capacitance value of the sensing area 21 to exhibit a corresponding increasing or decreasing gradient characteristic. For example, when the hand slides along the longer right-angle side from one end of the vertical right-angle side to the other, the capacitance value gradually decreases; conversely, when sliding in the other direction, the capacitance value gradually increases.

[0068] The control unit 3 is communicatively connected to the capacitance detection unit 2 and is used to collect capacitance values ​​with continuously changing gradients, calculate sliding characteristic parameters based on the capacitance values, and trigger control commands to the door based on the sliding characteristic parameters. The sliding characteristic parameters include at least one of sliding direction, sliding speed, and acceleration.

[0069] In one possible implementation, the PCB substrate 1 is provided with a set of capacitance detection units 2, which includes two sensing areas 21, and these two sensing areas 21 are identical right-angled triangles. The area above the sliding path is defined as the first sensing area, and the area below the sliding path is the second sensing area. The longer right-angled sides of both right-angled triangles are parallel to the direction of the sliding path (i.e., the length direction of the PCB board), and their shorter right-angled sides extend from the middle of the width direction of the PCB board towards the two edges. The shorter right-angled side of the first sensing area is offset to the left, while the shorter right-angled side of the second sensing area is offset to the right.

[0070] When a conductive object slides along a sliding path from left to right, the following will happen: the area covered by the conductive object in the first sensing area will gradually decrease as its position on the sliding path changes, and correspondingly, the capacitance value of the first sensing area will show a decreasing trend; at the same time, the area covered by the conductive object in the second sensing area will gradually increase, so the capacitance value of the second sensing area will show an increasing trend.

[0071] The distance between the first sensing area and the second sensing area is 1mm. If the distance is too large, it will affect the continuity of the signal.

[0072] In one possible implementation, the PCB substrate 1 is provided with four sets of capacitance detection units 2, which are arranged at intervals along the sliding path. Similarly, each set of capacitance detection units 2 includes two sensing areas 21, and these two sensing areas 21 are identical right-angled triangles. The area above the sliding path is defined as the first sensing area, and the area below the sliding path is the second sensing area. The longer right-angled sides of the two right-angled triangles are parallel to the direction of the sliding path, and their shorter right-angled sides extend from the middle of the PCB width direction towards the two edges. The shorter right-angled side of the first sensing area is offset to the left, while the shorter right-angled side of the second sensing area is offset to the right.

[0073] In one possible implementation, the spacing between adjacent groups of capacitance detection units 2 is 5 mm to ensure the effectiveness of sliding direction detection.

[0074] In one possible implementation, the acute angle of the right-angled triangle sensing area 21 is 20° to 50°, the sum of the lengths of the two right-angled sides is ≥15mm, and the area of ​​the right-angled triangle is ≥25mm². 2The sensing area 21 is designed as a right-angled triangle with an acute angle ranging from 20° to 50°. This avoids abnormal gradients in capacitance changes caused by excessively sharp or gentle angles, resulting in a linear or near-linear gradient characteristic of capacitance changes with the sliding position, providing a highly discriminative input signal for the algorithm. Simultaneously, the sum of the lengths of the two right-angled sides of the triangle is limited to no less than 15mm, and the area of ​​each side is no less than 25mm². This ensures that the sensing area 21 has sufficient physical dimensions, avoiding insufficient signal strength or detection blind spots caused by an excessively small area, and maintaining the uniformity of the electric field distribution, so that a clear and consistent capacitance change is triggered at different sliding positions of the finger.

[0075] In one possible implementation, the capacitance detection unit 2 includes a sensing area 21 and a shielding area 22, the shielding area 22 being arranged around the sensing area 21, and both the sensing area 21 and the shielding area 22 being made of copper sheets.

[0076] In one possible implementation, the distance between the shielding region 22 and the sensing region 21 is ≤1mm. If the distance is too small, it may cause signal coupling; if it is too large, it will weaken the shielding effect.

[0077] In one possible implementation, the door handle controller further includes a single-point triggering unit 4, which includes a rectangular sensing area 21, and the user triggers a control command on the door by touching the rectangular sensing area 21.

[0078] See Figure 3 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a door handle control method, including the following steps:

[0079] S1. The capacitance value generated by the sliding of a conductive object in the sensing area 21 is acquired in real time through at least one capacitance detection unit 2; for example, as the conductive object slides in one of the sensing areas 21, , Capacitance values ​​are generated at different times. and .

[0080] S2. Perform time difference calculation on the capacitance values ​​at different times within the same capacitance detection unit to obtain the time difference signal; that is... , indicating in , The difference in capacitance at two different times.

[0081] S3. Calculate the sliding characteristic parameters of the conductive object based on the time difference signal, wherein the sliding characteristic parameters include at least one of sliding direction, sliding speed, and acceleration;

[0082] Specifically, the sliding direction is determined by the sign of the time difference signal. The sliding speed is calculated by the ratio of the time difference signal to the sampling time interval; the acceleration is calculated by the rate of change of the sliding speed. Specifically, the sliding direction is directly determined by the sign of the time difference signal, such as... To slide to the right, The calculation is simple and robust to noise for sliding to the left. Sliding speed. ,in, It is a time-difference signal. The time interval between two sampling moments is denoted by k, a preset scaling factor determined by the shape and material of the sensing area and system calibration. This factor is used to convert the capacitance change rate into physical velocity, measured in mm / s. Acceleration. ,in for The sliding speed at any given moment, for The sliding speed at any given moment, The time interval between two sampling moments.

[0083] S4. Trigger control commands to the door based on the matching result of a combination of one or more sliding feature parameters and a preset threshold.

[0084] In one possible implementation, when the door handle controller includes at least one set of capacitance detection units 2, the control method further includes:

[0085] Spatial difference calculation is performed on the capacitance values ​​of two capacitance detection units 2 within the same group at the same time to obtain a spatial difference signal;

[0086] The time difference signal is calculated based on the spatial difference signal difference within the same group of capacitor detection units at different times.

[0087] Specifically, spatial differential signals , indicating in At time [time], the capacitance difference between the first and second sensing regions. At this time, the time difference signal... , indicating in , The spatial difference signal difference between two different times. Similarly, the sliding direction is determined by the sign of the temporal difference signal. The sliding speed is calculated by the ratio of the temporal difference signal to the sampling time interval; the acceleration is calculated by the rate of change of the sliding speed. Specifically, the sliding direction is directly determined by the sign of the temporal difference signal, such as... To slide to the right, The calculation is simple and robust to noise for sliding to the left. Sliding speed. ,in, It is a time-difference signal. The time interval between two sampling moments is denoted by k, a preset scaling factor determined by the shape and material of the sensing area and system calibration. This factor is used to convert the capacitance change rate into physical velocity, measured in mm / s. Acceleration. ,in for The sliding speed at any given moment, for The sliding speed at any given moment, The time interval between two sampling moments.

[0088] Based on the above calculation method, the calculation results are compared with preset thresholds. A quick right swipe at a speed of 80-100 mm / s and an acceleration ≥5 mm / s² corresponds to the control command to unlock the car door; a quick left swipe at a speed of 80-100 mm / s and an acceleration ≥5 mm / s² corresponds to the control command to lock the car door; a slow right / left swipe at a speed of 40-80 mm / s and an acceleration ≥5 mm / s² corresponds to the control command to wake up the vehicle; speeds <40 mm / s or >100 mm / s or sudden acceleration changes → are judged as false triggers, and the vehicle does not respond; if 10 valid swipes are detected within 15 seconds, the corresponding control command activates the anti-tamper mode, and the response is disabled within 30 seconds.

[0089] This embodiment also discloses a vehicle including the aforementioned door handle controller.

[0090] This utility model uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principle and implementation of the utility model. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​the utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​the utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the utility model.

Claims

1. A door handle controller, characterized in that, include: A PCB substrate, wherein at least one capacitance detection unit is provided on the PCB substrate, the capacitance detection unit includes a sensing area, the area of ​​the sensing area increases or decreases with the sliding path, so that the capacitance value changes in a gradient with the sliding position of the conductive object in the sensing area. The control unit is communicatively connected to the capacitance detection unit and is used to collect the capacitance value of gradient changes, calculate the sliding characteristic parameters based on the capacitance value, and trigger control commands to the door based on the sliding characteristic parameters. The sliding characteristic parameters include at least one of sliding direction, sliding speed, and acceleration.

2. The door handle controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes at least one set of capacitance detection units, each set of capacitance detection units includes two capacitance detection units, the two capacitance detection units are arranged opposite each other on both sides of the sliding path along the width direction of the PCB substrate; the capacitance value of the sensing area of ​​one capacitance detection unit changes with the sliding position of the conductive object in a continuous gradient increasing, and the capacitance value of the sensing area of ​​the other capacitance detection unit changes with the sliding position of the conductive object in a continuous gradient decreasing.

3. The door handle controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, It includes at least four sets of capacitance detection units, with multiple sets of capacitance detection units arranged at intervals along the sliding path.

4. The door handle controller according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing area is a right triangle, and the right-angled vertices of the two right triangles in the same group of capacitance detection units are located on both sides of the sliding path and face opposite directions.

5. The door handle controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two sensing areas of the same group of capacitance detection units are two identical right triangles, and the acute angles of the two right triangles are set opposite to each other.

6. The door handle controller according to claim 4, characterized in that, The acute angle of the right triangle is 20° to 50°, the sum of the lengths of the two legs is ≥15mm, and the area of ​​the right triangle is ≥25mm². 2 .

7. The door handle controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitance detection unit also includes a shielding area, which surrounds the sensing area.

8. The door handle controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capacitance detection unit is a metal sheet, and the metal material is selected from copper, aluminum, or a conductive alloy.

9. The door handle controller according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB substrate also integrates: A voltage regulator, the input of which is connected to the vehicle power supply, and the output of which provides a stable voltage to the control unit and the capacitor detection unit; A LIN transceiver, the signal terminal of which is connected to the control unit and the power supply terminal of which is connected to the output terminal of the voltage regulator, is used to transmit the control commands to the main control unit via the LIN bus.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: Includes the door handle controller as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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