A drill bit structure capable of improving impact force

Abstract

The utility model discloses a drill bit structure that can improve impact force, which comprises a drill bit body, a plurality of blade wings and a central tooth assembly. A guide channel is arranged in the center of the drill bit body. The plurality of blade wings are installed on the drill bit body and are distributed at intervals around the circumference of the guide channel. The central tooth assembly is installed on the guide channel. The central tooth assembly comprises a central tooth, an impact column, a movable guide element and a force applying element. The impact column is provided with an impact end and a connecting end. The central tooth is installed on the impact end and extends out of the guide channel. The connecting end is connected to the movable guide element. The movable guide element is movably installed on the guide channel and can reciprocate along an impact direction under the action of the force applying element. The drill bit structure of the utility model can generate high-frequency impact force through the reciprocating central tooth, which can effectively break rocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of drill bit technology, and in particular to a drill bit structure that can improve impact force. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in various drilling projects, the performance of the drill bit plays a decisive role in drilling efficiency and operating costs. In related technologies, common drill bits typically consist of a drill bit body and multiple cutting blades distributed circumferentially around the drill bit body. Multiple cutting teeth on the blades break rock during drilling. A fixed center tooth is also located at the center of the drill bit body.

[0003] During rock breaking, the fixed center tooth makes it difficult to adjust the application of impact force according to different strata characteristics. For example, in hard strata, the rock is dense and hard, requiring a large and continuously changing impact force to effectively break the rock. However, the existing fixed center tooth can only rely on the overall propulsion force of the drill bit to act on the rock, and the impact force is singular and limited, which cannot form a high-frequency and efficient impact breaking effect on the rock. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a drill bit structure that can improve the impact force. It can generate high-frequency impact force by setting a reciprocating central tooth, which can effectively break rocks.

[0005] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] A drill bit structure that can improve impact force includes a drill bit body, multiple cutter wings, and a central tooth assembly. The drill bit body has a guide channel at its center. The multiple cutter wings are mounted on the drill bit body and are distributed circumferentially around the guide channel. The central tooth assembly is mounted on the guide channel.

[0007] The central tooth assembly includes a central tooth, an impact column, a movable guide, and a force-applying component. The impact column is provided with an impact end and a connecting end. The central tooth is installed on the impact end and extends out from the guide channel. The connecting end is connected to the movable guide. The movable guide is movably installed in the guide channel and can reciprocate along an impact direction under the action of the force-applying component.

[0008] Furthermore, the movable guide includes a movable sleeve, and the connecting end passes through and is connected to the movable sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting end is movably inserted into the movable sleeve; the inner wall of the movable sleeve is provided with a first limiting structure, and the outer wall of the connecting end is provided with a second limiting structure, the second limiting structure abutting against the first limiting structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the first limiting structure includes a limiting step, which protrudes from the inner wall of the movable sleeve; the second limiting structure includes a limiting block.

[0011] Furthermore, the force-applying component includes an impact nozzle seat and an impact nozzle. The impact nozzle seat is installed at the end of the guide channel away from the center tooth. The impact nozzle seat is provided with a jet flow channel. The impact nozzle is installed on the impact nozzle seat and communicates with the jet flow channel.

[0012] Furthermore, a filter sleeve is provided at the end of the impact nozzle seat away from the impact nozzle, and the filter sleeve is in communication with the jet flow channel; the filter sleeve is provided with a plurality of filter holes.

[0013] Furthermore, an outer sleeve is provided inside the guide channel, the outer sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the guide channel, and the movable sleeve is movably inserted into the outer sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the impact column is provided with an impact flow channel, which is connected to the movable sleeve; the other end of the impact flow channel is a blind end.

[0015] Furthermore, five blades are provided, and the five blades are distributed at intervals around the circumference of the guide channel.

[0016] Furthermore, the drill bit body is provided with a flushing nozzle, and a flushing nozzle is provided between two adjacent cutter wings.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] In this application, the center tooth is movably installed in the guide channel with a movable guide member. In this way, the center tooth can reciprocate adaptively under the action of the force-applying member during the drilling process of the drill bit body. By superimposing the reciprocating motion of the center tooth during the drilling process of the drill bit body, the impact force of the center tooth during the drill bit advance is composed of the overall thrust of the drill bit body and the inertial impact force applied to the center tooth by the force-applying member. Thus, the impact force of the center tooth is stronger. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 10. Drill bit body; 11. Center tooth; 12. Second limiting structure; 13. Impact column; 14. Movable sleeve; 15. Outer sleeve; 16. Impact nozzle seat; 17. Impact nozzle; 18. Filter sleeve; 20. Cutting blade; 21. Cutting teeth; 30. Flushing nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0025] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figure 3 The drill bit structure shown includes a drill bit body 10, multiple cutter wings 20 and a center tooth assembly. A guide channel is provided at the center of the drill bit body 10. One end of the guide channel extends to the end of the drill bit body 10 used for drilling into the ground, and the other end of the guide channel extends to the assembly end of the drill bit body 10 that is assembled with an external power structure.

[0027] The aforementioned multiple cutter blades 20 are mounted on the drill bit body 10 and are distributed circumferentially around the guide channel; the center tooth assembly is mounted on the guide channel. The center tooth assembly includes a center tooth 11, an impact pin 13, a movable guide, and a force-applying component. Specifically, the impact pin 13 is provided with an impact end and a connecting end. The center tooth is mounted on the impact end and extends out of the guide channel, while the connecting end of the impact pin 13 is connected to the movable guide. The movable guide is movably mounted in the guide channel and can reciprocate along an impact direction under the action of the force-applying component.

[0028] Based on the above structure, when using the drill bit structure of this utility model that can improve impact force, during the drilling process, the drill bit body 10 performs drilling action through the cutting teeth of multiple blades 20 in the circumferential direction of the drill bit body 10. The angles of the blades 20 are arranged to enable the rapid discharge of mud and rock cuttings, which is beneficial to the cutting rate of the formation and improves the working efficiency of the drill bit. At the same time, the angle distribution difference between two adjacent blades 20 in the circumferential direction is relatively uniform, and the bearing capacity of each blade 20 is relatively balanced during the drilling process. The force is uniform when drilling into the formation, thus making it more stable.

[0029] At the same time, a central tooth 11 is set at the center of multiple cutter wings 20. The central tooth 11 is usually columnar and occupies a small area at the working end of the drill bit. It can concentrate energy to impact and destroy the rock at the bottom of the well. The subsequent rotating drill bit then cuts the destroyed rock. The two work together to improve the rock breaking efficiency.

[0030] If the center tooth 11 is fixedly set on the drill bit body 10, the fixed center tooth 11 only relies on the static pressure generated by the overall advancement of the drill bit to act on the rock. The magnitude of the force is relatively constant. In this way, the center tooth 11 mainly breaks the rock by "squeezing", and the effect on breaking hard rocks is limited.

[0031] In this application, the center tooth 11 is movably installed in the guide channel as a movable guide member. In this way, the center tooth 11 can reciprocate adaptively under the action of the force-applying member during the drilling process of the drill bit body 10. By superimposing the reciprocating motion of the center tooth 1111 during the drilling process of the drill bit body 10, the impact force of the center tooth 1111 during the drill bit advance is composed of the overall thrust of the drill bit body 10 and the inertial impact force applied to the center tooth 11 by the force-applying member. Thus, the impact force of the center tooth 11 is stronger.

[0032] Furthermore, since the central tooth 11 can reciprocate under the action of the force-applying component, when the rock hardness is high during rock breaking, the fixed central tooth 11 will periodically contact the hard rock layer, making the central tooth 11 prone to damage. In this embodiment, however, since the central tooth 11 can reciprocate within the guide channel, the force-applying component can adaptively retract when subjected to high-intensity impacts. Even if the force of a single impact does not exceed the instantaneous compressive strength of the rock, multiple reciprocating impacts will cause internal cracks in the rock to expand and the structure to become unstable, ultimately leading to breakage under a lower average force.

[0033] Furthermore, the movable guide in this embodiment includes a movable sleeve 14, through which the connecting end is inserted and connected. In this way, after the impact column 13 is connected to the movable sleeve 14, the impact column 13 and the movable sleeve 14 can maintain coaxial movement after assembly due to the use of sleeve insertion. This reduces the swaying of the center tooth 11 during the impact process.

[0034] Furthermore, the aforementioned impact column 13 is movably inserted into the movable sleeve 14. Specifically, a first limiting structure is provided on the inner wall of the movable sleeve 14, and a second limiting structure 12 is provided on the outer wall of the connecting end. The second limiting structure 12 abuts against the first limiting structure. In this way, when the force-applying component applies force to the movable sleeve 14, the movable sleeve 14 can move relative to the central column for a certain distance until the first limiting structure abuts against the second limiting structure 12. The impact column 13 can then move together with the movable sleeve 14, and the central tooth 1111 can reciprocate in the vertical direction with the impact column 13, transmitting the impact force to the central tooth 1111 through the impact column 13. That is, the force is transmitted each time by the movable sleeve 14 abutting against the impact column 13. Compared with directly applying force to the impact column 13, this has a certain buffer stroke, reducing the damage to the central tooth 11 on the impact column 13 caused by instantaneous drilling force.

[0035] Of course, when the rock layer is very hard, since the impact column 13 has sliding space relative to the movable casing 14, it can retract relative to the movable casing 14 when the rock pressure on the center tooth 11 is too great during drilling, thus buffering the rock impact force on the center tooth 11.

[0036] Furthermore, the first limiting structure includes a limiting step, which protrudes from the inner wall of the movable casing 14; the second limiting structure 12 includes a limiting block, so that when the movable casing 14 moves close to the central tooth 11 under the action of the force-applying component, the limiting step can abut against the limiting block to transmit force, thereby driving the central tooth 11 to move together with the movable casing 14 to drill into the rock formation.

[0037] Furthermore, the force-applying component in this embodiment includes an impact nozzle seat 16 and an impact nozzle 17. The impact nozzle seat 16 is installed at the end of the guide channel away from the center tooth 11, and the impact nozzle seat 16 is provided with a jet flow channel. The impact nozzle 17 is installed on the impact nozzle seat 16 and is connected to the jet flow channel.

[0038] Based on this structure, during the drilling process, the mud sprayed by the impact nozzle 17 serves as the power source, enabling the limiting block and the center tooth 1111 to reciprocate in the vertical direction with the impact column 13. The impact force is transmitted to the center tooth 1111 through the impact column 13. During the drilling process, the spraying power of the impact nozzle 17 is applied to the center tooth 1111 of the center column, and the impact force of the mud can apply an instantaneous high pressure, providing a large impact force.

[0039] More specifically, a filter sleeve 18 is provided at the end of the impact nozzle seat 16 away from the impact nozzle 17. The filter sleeve 18 is connected to the injection channel. The filter sleeve 18 is provided with multiple filter holes. In this way, if the mud slurry guided by the injection is mixed with impurities or large particles, it can be filtered through the filter sleeve 18 before entering the injection channel, preventing large particles from directly entering the impact nozzle 17 and causing blockage.

[0040] Of course, the aforementioned force-applying component may also include an elastic component, which is applied to the central post so that the central tooth 1111 superimposed its own elastic stress during the drilling process of the drill bit, and the relatively fixed central tooth 11 has a higher impact force.

[0041] Furthermore, to facilitate the assembly of the movable sleeve 14, an outer sleeve 15 can be provided in the guide channel. The outer sleeve 15 is fixed to the inner wall of the guide channel, and the movable sleeve 14 is movably inserted into the outer sleeve 15.

[0042] Furthermore, the impact column 13 is equipped with an impact flow channel, which is connected to the movable casing 14. The other end of the impact flow channel is a blind end. Thus, after the mud is guided into the jet flow channel within the filter casing 18, the fluid in the jet flow channel can push the impact column 13, causing the center tooth 11 to be subjected to the hydraulic force of the mud, which, combined with the drilling force of the drill bit body 10 itself, results in a stronger impact force. Mud can also enter the impact flow channel within the impact column 13, further increasing the hydraulic pressure on the impact column 13 and resulting in an even stronger impact force.

[0043] Furthermore, five blades 20 are provided, which are distributed at intervals around the circumference of the guide channel. During the drilling process, since five blades 20 are distributed on the drill bit body 10, with the five blades 20 distributed at intervals around the circumference of the drill bit body 10, the angular distribution difference between two adjacent blades 20 in the circumferential direction is small. During the drilling process, the bearing capacity of each blade 20 is relatively balanced, and the force is uniform when drilling into the formation, thus making it more stable.

[0044] Furthermore, the drill bit body 10 is equipped with flushing nozzles 30, and flushing nozzles 30 are also provided between two adjacent cutter wings 20. Specifically, flushing nozzles 30 are provided between two adjacent cutter wings 20 on the drill bit body 10. In use, the flushing nozzles 30 can be connected to an external cleaning pipe. During drilling, cleaning water can be sprayed through the flushing nozzles 30, which can enhance the cleaning effect of rock cuttings and effectively prevent the phenomenon of drill bit mud accumulation.

[0045] For those skilled in the art, various other corresponding changes and modifications can be made based on the technical solutions and concepts described above, and all such changes and modifications should fall within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A drill bit structure that can improve impact force, characterized in that, The drill bit includes a drill body, multiple cutter wings, and a center tooth assembly. The drill body has a guide channel at its center, and the multiple cutter wings are mounted on the drill body and distributed circumferentially around the guide channel. The center tooth assembly is mounted on the guide channel. The central tooth assembly includes a central tooth, an impact column, a movable guide, and a force-applying component. The impact column is provided with an impact end and a connecting end. The central tooth is installed on the impact end and extends out from the guide channel. The connecting end is connected to the movable guide. The movable guide is movably installed in the guide channel and can reciprocate along an impact direction under the action of the force-applying component.

2. The drill bit structure with improved impact force according to claim 1, characterized in that, The movable guide includes a movable sleeve, and the connecting end passes through and is connected to the movable sleeve.

3. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting end is movably inserted into the movable sleeve; the inner wall of the movable sleeve is provided with a first limiting structure, and the outer wall of the connecting end is provided with a second limiting structure, the second limiting structure abutting against the first limiting structure.

4. The drill bit structure with improved impact force according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first limiting structure includes a limiting step, which protrudes from the inner wall of the movable sleeve; the second limiting structure includes a limiting block.

5. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The force-applying component includes an impact nozzle seat and an impact nozzle. The impact nozzle seat is installed at the end of the guide channel away from the center tooth. The impact nozzle seat is provided with a jet flow channel. The impact nozzle is installed on the impact nozzle seat and communicates with the jet flow channel.

6. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the impact nozzle seat away from the impact nozzle is provided with a filter sleeve, which is in communication with the jet flow channel; the filter sleeve is provided with a plurality of filter holes.

7. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, An outer sleeve is provided inside the guide channel, the outer sleeve is fixed to the inner wall of the guide channel, and the movable sleeve is movably inserted into the outer sleeve.

8. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to any one of claims 2-4, characterized in that, The impact column is provided with an impact flow channel, which is connected to the movable sleeve; the other end of the impact flow channel is a blind end.

9. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The blade is provided with five blades, which are distributed at intervals around the circumference of the guide channel.

10. The drill bit structure for improving impact force according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The drill bit body is provided with a flushing nozzle, and a flushing nozzle is provided between two adjacent cutter wings.

Images