A vehicle front axle steering test bench

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of vehicle front axle steering test bench, including vertical loading system, steering loading system and measurement control system;Vertical loading system includes two hand cranks, two lifting screws, two loading supports, two lifting supports, two loading levers, two front axle fixing bases, work platform, two loading cylinders and measured sample front axle;Steering loading system includes two wheel guide rods, two dampers, two damper supports, two wheel steering tables, steering cylinder, steering cylinder support, steering straight pull rod and the wheel on measured sample front axle;Measurement control system includes two pressure sensors, tension sensor, two proximity sensors, industrial computer, signal acquisition card composition.The utility model can comprehensively evaluate the performance of each movement joint of front axle under the influence of axle load by simulating the stress state and motion state of front axle in whole vehicle, realizes the steering durability test of integrated front axle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the automotive field, specifically to a vehicle front axle steering test bench. Background Technology

[0002] Among the many components of a vehicle, the front axle, as the core structure at the front, plays a crucial role. It is responsible for bearing the front axle load of the vehicle and also needs to provide steering functionality to ensure that the vehicle can move flexibly on the road.

[0003] The steering knuckle in the front axle deflects the wheels at both ends at a certain angle to achieve vehicle steering. Besides bearing the vertical load of the vehicle, it also withstands longitudinal and lateral forces and the resulting torques. In practical applications, the performance and quality of the front axle have a significant impact on vehicle safety and handling. A high-quality front axle should possess sufficient strength and rigidity to withstand the impacts of various forces during vehicle operation; simultaneously, it needs to have good handling and stability to ensure that the vehicle can smoothly and accurately complete steering maneuvers. Therefore, when designing and manufacturing the front axle, factors such as its operating environment, load characteristics, and safety requirements must be fully considered to ensure that it meets the actual needs of the vehicle.

[0004] The front axle comprises the front axle, kingpin, steering knuckle, wheel hub, and steering tie rod. These components work together to achieve the vehicle's steering and driving functions. The front axle bearing bears the front axle load, the kingpin transmits steering torque, the steering knuckle deflects the wheels, the wheel hub fixes the wheels, and the steering tie rod transmits the steering motion. The kingpin and tie rod ball joints in the front axle are crucial for ensuring smooth steering; failure of these joints will lead to vehicle malfunctions such as abnormal noises and vibrations. These components require sufficient strength and durability to ensure vehicle safety and handling.

[0005] However, existing technologies lack dedicated testing equipment for the front axle, making it impossible to effectively conduct durability tests on the moving joints of the front axle. There is a lack of necessary testing and troubleshooting methods for identifying the causes of failure. For ball joint testing of steering tie rods, it is usually only performed on a small parts test bench; however, this testing method does not consider the impact of front axle axle load on the ball joint, and therefore does not reflect the actual stress experienced by the vehicle. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a vehicle front axle steering test bench, which aims to realize the durability performance test of the integral front axle and comprehensively evaluate the performance of each motion joint of the front axle under the influence of axle load.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0008] This utility model provides a vehicle front axle steering test bench, including a vertical loading system, a steering loading system, and a measurement and control system;

[0009] The vertical loading system includes two hand cranks, two lifting screws, two loading supports, two lifting supports, two loading levers, two front axle fixing seats, a working platform, two loading cylinders, and the front axle of the test sample; the loading supports are fixed on the working platform, and the lifting screws are installed at the top of the loading supports. The upper end of the lifting screws is connected to the hand cranks, and the lower end of the lifting screws is connected to the lifting supports.

[0010] The steering loading system includes two wheel guide rods, two dampers, two damper supports, two wheel steering platforms, a steering cylinder, a steering cylinder support, a steering tie rod, and the wheels of the front axle of the test sample. The wheel steering platforms are rotatable, and the two wheels are supported on the two wheel steering platforms respectively. One end of the wheel guide rod is fixedly connected to the wheel rim, and the other end is connected to the damper. The damper is connected to the damper support, and the damper support is fixed on the working platform. The steering tie rod is connected to the steering cylinder, the steering cylinder is connected to the steering cylinder support, and the steering cylinder support is fixed on the working platform.

[0011] The measurement and control system consists of two pressure sensors, a tension sensor, two proximity sensors, an industrial computer, and a signal acquisition card; the proximity sensors are installed on the housing of the steering cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a magnet is installed on the internal piston rod of the steering cylinder, and when the piston rod moves to the left and right ends, it will trigger an external proximity sensor to generate a sensing signal;

[0013] The sensed signal is input into the control system of the industrial computer via a signal acquisition card, and the direction of movement of the piston rod of the steering cylinder is changed by controlling the reversing valve.

[0014] Preferably, a universal joint is used to connect the damper and the damper support; a universal joint is used to connect the wheel guide rod and the damper; a universal joint is used to connect the steering tie rod and the steering cylinder; and a universal joint is used to connect the steering cylinder and the steering cylinder support.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. This utility model adopts an integral bridge type measurement and uses cylinders and dampers to simulate the vertical load and steering resistance of the front axle respectively. It can well reproduce the force situation of the front axle when the whole vehicle is turning, making the durability performance test more accurate; at the same time, it can save the steps of disassembling parts and improve the testing efficiency.

[0017] 2. This utility model adopts a lifting loading support, which can be compatible with front axles with different heights and wheelbases, improving versatility and reducing testing costs. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front view of a vehicle front axle steering test bench in one embodiment;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a side view of a vehicle front axle steering test bench in one embodiment;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a top view of a vehicle front axle steering test bench in one embodiment.

[0021] Figure label:

[0022] 1-Hand crank; 2-Lifting screw; 3-Loading support; 4-Lifting support; 5-Loading lever; 6-Front axle mounting base; 7-Wheel guide rod; 8-Damper; 9-Working platform; 10-Damper support; 11-Wheel of the front axle of the test sample; 12-Front axle of the test sample; 13-Wheel steering table; 14-Loading cylinder; 15-Pressure sensor; 16-Tension sensor; 17-Steering cylinder; 18-Steering cylinder support; 19-Proximity sensor; 20-Industrial computer; 21-Signal acquisition card; 22-Steering tie rod. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example

[0024] This embodiment provides a vehicle front axle steering test bench, which, as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, it includes: a vertical loading system, a steering loading system, and a measurement and control system.

[0025] The vertical loading system is specifically designed to consist of two handwheels 1, two lifting screws 2, two loading supports 3, two lifting supports 4, two loading levers 5, two front axle mounting bases 6, a working platform 9, two loading cylinders 14, and the front axle sample 12 under test. The vertical loading system has two loading supports 3 fixed to the working platform 9. Lifting screws 2 are mounted on the top of each loading support 3, with the upper end of the lifting screw 2 connected to the handwheels 1 and the lower end connected to the lifting support 4. Operating the handwheels 1 rotates the lifting screws 2, thereby causing the lifting support 4 to move vertically within the loading support 3. The middle part of the loading levers 5 is connected to the lifting support 4 via a pin, allowing them to move up and down simultaneously with the lifting support 4. In this way, the vertical loading system can fix front axle leaf spring seats of different heights using the loading levers 5, thus accommodating front axle samples of different specifications.

[0026] The vertical loading system utilizes the lever principle, converting the upward thrust of the loading cylinder 14 into downward pressure via the loading lever 5, which is then applied to the front axle leaf spring seat through the front axle mounting bracket 6. One end of the loading lever 5 is connected to a pressure sensor on the loading cylinder 14 via a pin, while the other end is fitted with a slot connected by a pin. The front axle mounting bracket 6 is bolted to the front axle leaf spring seat, and the loading lever 5 presses the front axle mounting bracket downward through the slot, while the tires at both ends of the front axle provide upward support, thus fixing the front axle. Through this lever mechanism, the slot of the loading lever 5 remains in contact with the front axle mounting bracket 6 during loading, ensuring that the vertical load is evenly applied to the front axle and preventing damage to the test sample. Simultaneously, this loading method ensures that the stress state of the front axle on the test bench matches that of an actual vehicle. By adjusting the air pressure within the loading cylinder 14, the loading force of the loading cylinder 14 can be monitored in real time via the pressure sensor 15, ensuring that the vertical load on the test sample equals the axle load of the front axle, consistent with the stress experienced by an actual vehicle. Meanwhile, the use of a lever loading mechanism reduces the specification requirements of the loading cylinder.

[0027] In terms of the specific design of the steering loading system, it consists of two wheel guide rods 7, two dampers 8, two damper supports 10, two wheel steering platforms 13, steering cylinder 17, steering cylinder support 18, steering tie rod 22, and the wheels 11 of the front axle of the test sample.

[0028] The steering loading system has two wheel steering platforms 13. The upper part of the circular steering platform can rotate freely around the axis of the vertical platform center, and is supported on the lower part by a plane bearing. The two wheels 11 of the front axle are supported on the two wheel steering platforms 13. When the front axle turns, the wheels 11 will drive the upper part of the circular steering platform to rotate, converting the static friction of turning in place into rolling friction of the plane bearing, reducing the wear of the wheels 11. Wheel guide rods 7 are fixedly connected to the wheel rims. The wheel guide rods 7 and dampers 8 are connected by universal joints. The dampers 8 and damper supports 10 are connected by universal joints. The damper supports 10 are fixed on the working platform 9. The steering tie rod 22 and steering cylinder 17 are connected by universal joints. The steering cylinder 17 and steering cylinder supports 18 are connected by universal joints. The steering cylinder supports 18 are fixed on the working platform 9. The use of universal joints helps to ensure smooth transmission between the various components of the test bench. During operation, the steering cylinder 17 generates thrust, causing the steering tie rod 22 to reciprocate, thereby driving the entire front axle 12 to steer left and right. The damping magnitude of the damper 8 can be adjusted, and the thrust of the steering cylinder 17 can be monitored in real time by the tension sensor 15, so that the front axle obtains appropriate resistance when steering, consistent with the force on the front axle of the actual vehicle.

[0029] The measurement and control system is specifically designed to consist of two pressure sensors 15, a tension sensor 16, two proximity sensors 19, an industrial computer 20, and a signal acquisition card 21. The two proximity sensors 19 are mounted on the housing of the steering cylinder 17. Furthermore, a magnet is installed on the internal piston rod of the steering cylinder 17. When the piston rod moves to the left and right ends, it triggers the external proximity sensors 19 to generate induction signals. These signals are then input into the control system of the industrial computer 20 via the signal acquisition card 21. This control system then controls the reversing valve to change the direction of the piston rod movement of the steering cylinder 17, thereby achieving left and right reciprocating steering of the front axle.

[0030] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of this utility model.

[0031] The preferred embodiments of this patent have been described in detail above. However, this patent is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of this patent.

Claims

1. A vehicle front axle steering test bench, characterized in that, Includes a vertical loading system, a steering loading system, and a measurement and control system; The vertical loading system includes two hand cranks (1), two lifting screws (2), two loading supports (3), two lifting supports (4), two loading levers (5), two front axle fixing seats (6), a working platform (9), two loading cylinders (14), and the front axle of the test sample (12); the loading supports (3) are fixed on the working platform (9), and the lifting screws (2) are installed at the top of the loading supports (3). The upper end of the lifting screws (2) is connected to the hand cranks (1), and the lower end of the lifting screws (2) is connected to the lifting supports (4); The steering loading system includes two wheel guide rods (7), two dampers (8), two damper supports (10), two wheel steering platforms (13), a steering cylinder (17), a steering cylinder support (18), a steering tie rod (22), and the wheels (11) of the front axle of the test sample. The wheel steering platforms (13) are rotatable, and the two wheels (11) are supported on the two wheel steering platforms (13) respectively. One end of the wheel guide rod (7) is fixedly connected to the wheel rim, and the other end is connected to the damper (8). The damper (8) is connected to the damper support (10), and the damper support (10) is fixed on the working platform (9). The steering tie rod (22) is connected to the steering cylinder (17), and the steering cylinder (17) is connected to the steering cylinder support (18), and the steering cylinder support (18) is fixed on the working platform (9). The measurement and control system consists of two pressure sensors (15), a tension sensor (16), two proximity sensors (19), an industrial computer (20), and a signal acquisition card (21); the proximity sensor (19) is installed on the housing of the steering cylinder (17).

2. The vehicle front axle steering test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, A magnet is installed on the internal piston rod of the steering cylinder (17), and when the piston rod moves to the left and right ends, it will trigger the external proximity sensor (19) to generate a sensing signal; The induction signal is input into the control system in the industrial computer (20) via the signal acquisition card (21), and the direction of movement of the piston rod of the steering cylinder (17) is changed by controlling the reversing valve.

3. The vehicle front axle steering test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damper (8) and the damper support (10) are connected by a universal ball joint; the wheel guide rod (7) and the damper (8) are connected by a universal ball joint; the steering tie rod (22) and the steering cylinder (17) are connected by a universal ball joint; and the steering cylinder (17) and the steering cylinder support (18) are connected by a universal ball joint.

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