A concentric dual-ring rotating circular polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous elements

Abstract

The utility model relates to a concentric double -ring rotation circular polarization's scroll field antenna based on isomeric unit belongs to wireless communication technical field, solved the problem of poor radiation performance of array antenna in the prior art. The scroll field antenna of the utility model, include: dielectric substrate and the concentric double -ring array's microstrip patch array element of sticking on the surface of dielectric substrate, microstrip patch array element is composed of inner ring array element and outer ring array element, inner ring array element includes a plurality of square truncated microstrip patch, square truncated microstrip patch is square unit through the formation of the truncation of one 90 degree triangle, outer ring array element includes a plurality of triangular truncated microstrip patch, triangular truncated microstrip patch is triangular unit through the constitution of the truncation of two acute triangle. The scroll field antenna of the utility model has realized the optimization of the bandwidth, axial ratio, circular polarization performance of array antenna.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular to a vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units with concentric double-ring rotating circular polarization. Background Technology

[0002] Circularly polarized antennas, with their unique polarization characteristics, can receive electromagnetic waves of arbitrary polarization, and any polarized antenna can receive the radiated waves they emit. Furthermore, circularly polarized antennas have significant advantages in reducing channel polarization mismatch and suppressing multipath effects, thus they are widely used in wireless communication links. The principle of circular polarization achieved by a truncated right-angled triangular microstrip patch is to make an appropriate truncation on the right-angled triangular microstrip patch and excite the microstrip patch antenna with a single feed at a suitable position, thereby generating two orthogonal modes with a 90° phase difference, thus producing a circularly polarized wave.

[0003] OAM (Orbital Angular Momentum) has attracted widespread attention in many fields, especially in telecommunications, because it has the potential to increase communication capacity through multiplexing. Theoretically, the number of orthogonal OAM modes in a single beam is infinite, each mode being an element of a perfectly orthogonal basis, which can be used for multiplexing different signals, thereby greatly improving spectral efficiency. Uniform circular array antennas are one method for generating vortex waves. By changing the phase difference of the feed between array elements, vortex electromagnetic waves of different OAM modes can be realized. Generally, this method requires the design of complex feed networks.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units to optimize array performance. Utility Model Content

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the present invention aims to provide a concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units, so as to optimize the radiation performance of existing array antennas.

[0006] The objective of this utility model is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous elements includes: a dielectric substrate and microstrip patch elements of a concentric double-ring array pasted on the surface of the dielectric substrate.

[0008] The microstrip patch array element is composed of an inner ring array element and an outer ring array element;

[0009] The inner ring array element includes multiple square-truncated microstrip patches; the square-truncated microstrip patch is formed by cutting a 90° triangle corner off a square element.

[0010] The outer ring array element includes multiple triangular truncated microstrip patches; the triangular truncated microstrip patch is formed by truncating two acute triangles into a triangular unit.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner ring array elements are a uniform circular array of four elements arranged in a counterclockwise rotation of 90°, used to generate a -1 mode vortex wave; the outer ring array elements are a uniform circular array of eight elements arranged in a counterclockwise rotation of 90°, used to generate a +2 mode vortex wave.

[0012] Furthermore, the right triangle formed by the truncated angle of the square-shaped microstrip patch is an isosceles triangle.

[0013] Furthermore, the triangular truncated microstrip patch is a right triangle with a 30° angle; the two acute triangles at the truncated angle of the triangular truncated microstrip patch are a 60° triangular truncated angle and a 30° triangular truncated angle, respectively.

[0014] Furthermore, the 30° triangular chamfer cut off by the triangular chamfer microstrip patch has a side perpendicular to the hypotenuse of the right triangle.

[0015] Furthermore, the truncated side of the triangular microstrip patch, which has a 60° truncated angle, forms a 60° angle with the right-angled side of the right triangle.

[0016] Furthermore, the multiple square-shaped truncated microstrip patches of the outer ring array element are misaligned with the multiple triangular-shaped truncated microstrip patches of the inner ring array element.

[0017] Furthermore, the vortex field antenna also includes a floor disposed below the dielectric substrate.

[0018] Furthermore, each element of the inner ring array and the outer ring array is fed by an independent coaxial probe. The coaxial probe is connected to the ground plane of the microstrip patch array element and is used to feed equal amplitude and in-phase signals to multiple microstrip patch array elements.

[0019] Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is 2.2, and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0009.

[0020] The technical solution of this utility model can achieve at least one of the following effects:

[0021] 1. The vortex field antenna of this utility model is based on a uniform circular array. The inner ring array elements and the outer ring array elements adopt two different patch units with different structures. The patch units are arranged in a sequential rotation structure. The patch unit of the inner ring is a square truncated microstrip patch, which is formed by a square element with a truncated right triangle in the upper right corner. The triangular truncated microstrip patch of the outer ring microstrip patch unit is a pentagonal structure formed by a right triangle array element with two acute triangles truncated. The truncated square element and the pentagonal element are arranged in the inner and outer rings in a 90° counterclockwise sequence. The inner ring array and the outer ring array radiate vortex waves of -1 and +2 modes, respectively. At the same time, the beams have left-hand circular polarization characteristics and right-hand circular polarization characteristics, respectively.

[0022] 2. The vortex field antenna of this utility model adopts sequential rotation technology to form a phase difference between array elements. It adopts a heterogeneous element design. The inner ring array elements use square truncated microstrip patch array, which has higher isolation between elements and a compact array. The outer ring uses triangular truncated microstrip patch array, which has lower sidelobe level of the radiation pattern, and also has the advantages of wider bandwidth and higher axial ratio.

[0023] 3. The inner ring array of this invention has high in-band isolation and a compact structure. The vortex beam generated by the outer ring has low sidelobe characteristics and can generate multi-mode, high-isolation vortex beams. In addition, the antenna array can generate broadband and high axial ratio vortex waves.

[0024] In this invention, the above-described technical solutions can be combined with each other to achieve more preferred combinations. Other features and advantages of this invention will be set forth in the following description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or be learned by practicing the invention. The objectives and other advantages of this invention can be realized and obtained from the description and accompanying drawings, which are particularly pointed out. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same parts.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a front view of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to this utility model.

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the back of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to this utility model.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the square-truncated microstrip patch of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units of this utility model.

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the triangular truncated microstrip patch of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inner ring S-parameters of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to this utility model.

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the axial ratio of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to this utility model.

[0032] Figure 7 This is the far-field pattern of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 8 This is the inner ring vortex phase diagram of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 9 This is the outer ring vortex phase diagram of the concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units of this utility model.

[0035] Figure label:

[0036] 1-Square truncated microstrip patch; 2-Triangular truncated microstrip patch; 3-Dielectric substrate; 4-Coaxial probe; 5-Ground floor. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] A specific embodiment of this utility model discloses a concentric dual-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes: a dielectric substrate 3 and microstrip patch array elements of a concentric double-ring array adhered to the surface of the dielectric substrate 3; the microstrip patch array elements are composed of inner ring array elements and outer ring array elements; the inner ring array elements include multiple square truncated microstrip patches 1; the square truncated microstrip patch 1 is a truncated square unit formed by truncating a 90° triangle by a square unit; the outer ring array elements include multiple triangular truncated microstrip patches 2; the triangular truncated microstrip patch 2 is a pentagonal array element formed by truncating two acute-angled triangles by a triangular unit.

[0040] In this embodiment, the truncated square units of the inner ring array are arranged in a uniform circular array of four elements rotated 90° counterclockwise, which is used to generate a -1 mode vortex wave; the outer ring array is a uniform circular array of eight pentagonal units arranged in a counterclockwise rotation of 90°, which is used to generate a +2 mode vortex wave.

[0041] The vortex field antenna of this invention adopts sequential rotation technology to form a phase difference between array elements, avoiding narrowband phase shifters in the feed network, and enabling the design of broadband vortex field antennas; the use of heterogeneous unit design for a double-ring sequential rotating uniform circular array can optimize the array performance, such as bandwidth, axial ratio, and isolation.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the right triangle formed by the truncated angle of the square truncated microstrip patch 1 is an isosceles triangle. That is, the truncated side of the square truncated microstrip patch 1 is perpendicular to the angle bisector of the truncated angle, and the truncated side forms a 45° angle with the truncated right-angled side.

[0043] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the triangular truncated microstrip patch 2 is a right triangle with a 30° angle; the two acute triangles at the truncated angle of the triangular truncated microstrip patch 2 are a 60° triangular truncated angle and a 30° triangular truncated angle, respectively.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the 30° triangle cut off by the triangular truncated microstrip patch 2 has a side perpendicular to the hypotenuse of the right triangle.

[0045] like Figure 4 As shown, the triangular truncated microstrip patch 2 has a 60° truncated side that forms a 60° angle with the right-angled side of the right triangle.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the multiple square-shaped truncated microstrip patches 1 of the outer ring array element and the multiple triangular-shaped truncated microstrip patches 2 of the inner ring array element are misaligned.

[0047] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the dielectric substrate 3 is connected to a ground plane 5 at its lower end. Each element of the inner and outer ring arrays is fed by an independent coaxial probe 4. The coaxial probe 4 is connected to the ground plane 5 at its lower end and is used to feed equal-amplitude and in-phase signals to multiple microstrip patch array elements. That is, the microstrip patch units of the ring array are printed on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate 3, and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 3 is connected to the ground plane 5. Each patch unit is independently fed by a coaxial probe 4, the lower end of which is embedded in the ground plane, and the upper end of which passes through the dielectric substrate 3 and connects to the microstrip patch array element.

[0048] In this embodiment, the distance between the right-angled sides of the two adjacent square truncated microstrip patches 1 in the inner ring is 0.17λ0 (λ0 is the unit wavelength of the radiated wave). For example... Figure 1 As shown, the outer ring element located vertically above the inner ring element has its right-angled side at a 45° angle to the horizontal center, and the distance from this element to the center of the circle is 0.78λ0.

[0049] In this embodiment, the dielectric substrate 3 is made of Rogers 5880, with a dielectric constant of 2.2 and a dielectric loss tangent of 0.0009.

[0050] In one specific embodiment of this utility model, the square truncated microstrip patch 1 is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the polarization mode is left-hand circular polarization, which is formed by cutting off a corner of a square unit. The cut-off side is perpendicular to the diagonal of the cut-off corner and forms a 45° angle with the cut-off right-angle side. The side length w1 of the square is 11.2 mm, the cut-off length cut1 of the square side is 8 mm, and the remaining cut-off length l1 is 3.2 mm.

[0051] The triangular truncated microstrip patch 2, as shown in... Figure 4 As shown, the polarization mode is right-hand circular polarization, which is formed by cutting off a 30° right triangle by removing 30° and 60° angles. The side with the 30° angle removed is perpendicular to the hypotenuse of the right triangle, and the side with the 60° angle removed forms a 60° angle with the right-angled side of the right triangle. The cut lengths cut2 and cut3 are 4.5 mm and 6.06 mm respectively, and the remaining cut lengths w2 and l2 are 8.5 mm and 10.4 mm respectively.

[0052] This invention employs a heterogeneous element design for a dual-ring sequentially rotating uniform circular array, which optimizes the array's bandwidth, axial ratio, and isolation. The sequential rotation array method generates circularly polarized radiation, increasing the antenna's axial ratio and bandwidth. Applying sequential rotation technology to OAM uniform circular arrays avoids phase shifters in the feed network, thereby reducing losses and simplifying the feed network. While single-ring uniform circular arrays using sequential rotation technology are limited in the number of OAM modes they can generate, increasing the number of rings and elements allows for the generation of more and higher-order OAM beams.

[0053] In this embodiment, the inner ring S-parameter diagram of the concentric dual-ring sequential rotating circularly polarized array antenna based on heterogeneous units is derived from... Figure 5 It can be seen that the -10dB impedance bandwidth of the array antenna is 18.3% (8.31-9.98GHz), while the isolation between adjacent elements S12 and S14 is about 25dB, and the isolation of the relative element S13 is greater than 25dB in the high-frequency band within the band.

[0054] In this embodiment, the axial ratio curve of the concentric double-ring sequential rotating circularly polarized array antenna based on heterogeneous units is derived from... Figure 6 It can be seen that the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the inner ring array is 4.70% (8.30-8.70GHz), and the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of the outer ring array is 4.36% (8.31-8.68GHz).

[0055] In this embodiment, Figure 7 The far-field radiation patterns of the outer ring of the array at circular polarization response frequencies of 8.3 GHz, 8.5 GHz, and 8.7 GHz are shown below. Figure 7 It can be seen that the beams at the three frequencies are aligned. As the frequency increases, the sidelobe level of the antenna increases, with the sidelobe level at the circular polarization response of 8.5 GHz being approximately -20 dB.

[0056] Figure 8 , Figure 9 These are the vortex phase diagrams of the inner and outer ring arrays, respectively; where, Figure 8 This is the vortex phase diagram of the OAM wave in mode -1. Figure 9 This is the vortex phase diagram of the +2 mode OAM wave.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous elements, characterized in that, include: The dielectric substrate (3) and the microstrip patch array of the concentric double ring array attached to the surface of the dielectric substrate (3); The microstrip patch array element is composed of an inner ring array element and an outer ring array element; The inner ring array element includes multiple square truncated microstrip patches (1); the square truncated microstrip patch (1) is formed by truncating a right triangle into a square element; The outer ring array element includes multiple triangular truncated microstrip patches (2); the triangular truncated microstrip patch (2) is composed of triangular elements formed by truncating two acute triangles.

2. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner ring array elements are a uniform circular array of four elements arranged in a counterclockwise rotation of 90°, used to generate a -1 mode vortex wave; the outer ring array elements are a uniform circular array of eight elements arranged in a counterclockwise rotation of 90°, used to generate a +2 mode vortex wave.

3. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The right triangle formed by the truncated angle of the square truncated microstrip patch (1) is an isosceles triangle.

4. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The triangular truncated microstrip patch (2) is a right triangle with a 30° angle; the two acute triangles of the truncated triangular microstrip patch (2) are a 60° triangular truncated triangle and a 30° triangular truncated triangle, respectively.

5. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 4, characterized in that, The 30° triangle cut-off side of the triangular truncated microstrip patch (2) is perpendicular to the hypotenuse of the right triangle.

6. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 4, characterized in that, The triangular truncated microstrip patch (2) has a 60° truncated side that forms a 60° angle with the right-angled side of the right triangle.

7. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple square-shaped truncated microstrip patches (1) of the outer ring array element are misaligned with the multiple triangular-shaped truncated microstrip patches (2) of the inner ring array element.

8. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a floor (5) disposed below the dielectric substrate (3).

9. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each element of the inner ring array and the outer ring array is fed by an independent coaxial probe (4). The coaxial probe (4) is connected to the ground plane (5) of the microstrip patch array element and is used to feed equal amplitude and in phase signals to multiple microstrip patch array elements.

10. The concentric double-ring rotating circularly polarized vortex field antenna based on heterogeneous units according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate (3) is 2.2 and the dielectric loss tangent is 0.0009.

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