A battery pack charging and discharging management circuit

Abstract

The utility model relates to battery charging and discharging circuit field especially relates to a battery pack charging and discharging management circuit. The utility model provides a battery pack charging and discharging management circuit, including all -in -one and its peripheral circuit, peripheral circuit includes: positive pole connecting end, negative pole connecting end, reset switch, first diode, second diode, third diode, fourth diode, first relay and second relay, positive pole connecting end is used for connecting battery box positive pole, and negative pole connecting end is used for connecting battery box negative pole, third diode and fourth diode constitute common cathode diode combination, and its cathode is connected positive pole connecting end through first relay, and is connected third diode, first diode positive pole through second relay respectively. Can pass through reset switch, relay and all -in -one cooperation, realize the stable charging and discharging transition of battery box, guarantee the working stability of battery box. Solve the problem that the charging battery management stability is poor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery charging and discharging circuits, and in particular to a battery pack charging and discharging management circuit. Background Technology

[0002] Rechargeable batteries require charging current management during use. In actual parallel applications, the current distribution during charging and discharging is not uniform, often leading to overcurrent protection in a single battery pack, triggering a chain reaction throughout the system, ultimately causing the system to fail to supply power normally and severely impacting the overall battery system's lifespan and reliability. Currently, some BMS (Battery Management Systems) have implemented charging current limiting functions by connecting a controllable shunt resistor in parallel with each individual battery for bias current protection. However, this method is energy-intensive and generates significant heat when applied to large-capacity, high-current battery packs. While voltage converters can feed back energy from a high-voltage battery to a low-voltage battery to regulate the battery pack's power supply when a high-voltage battery is detected, this method involves numerous components, resulting in complex circuit structures, poor system stability, and low battery management and battery pack efficiency. However, the problem of bias current affecting the normal operation of the battery system during discharge remains a persistent issue. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the problem of poor stability in rechargeable battery management in the prior art, this invention proposes a battery pack charge and discharge management circuit that, through the cooperation of a reset switch, a relay, and an integrated unit, achieves stable charge and discharge transitions in the battery pack, ensuring the operational stability of the battery pack.

[0004] This utility model proposes a battery pack charging and discharging management circuit, including an integrated unit and its peripheral circuits; the peripheral circuits include: a positive terminal connection, a negative terminal connection, a reset switch, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a fourth diode, a first relay, and a second relay;

[0005] The positive terminal is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery box, and the negative terminal is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery box.

[0006] The third and fourth diodes form a common cathode diode combination. The cathode of the diode is connected to the positive terminal through the first relay, and is connected to the positive terminals of the third and first diodes through the second relay.

[0007] The positive terminal is also connected to the positive terminal of the fourth diode and the second diode respectively; the negative terminals of the first diode and the second diode are connected by a reset switch.

[0008] The negative terminal and the negative terminal of the first diode are connected to the power supply of the integrated unit; the integrated unit is used to collect signals from the battery box and control the operation of the first and second relays.

[0009] The external ports are connected to the third diode and the negative terminal, respectively; the external ports are used to connect to a charger or an external power-consuming load.

[0010] Preferably, a switch and a load resistor are connected in series between the negative terminal and the positive terminal.

[0011] Preferably, the branch circuit where the switch is located is also equipped with a Hall sensor.

[0012] Preferably, the reset switch is a manual control switch.

[0013] Preferably, the negative terminal and the negative terminal of the first diode are connected to the power supply of the integrated machine via a DC-DC converter.

[0014] Preferably, the all-in-one unit is connected to a display screen, which is used to display the status of the battery compartment.

[0015] Preferably, the all-in-one machine is equipped with a debugging interface for connecting external debugging equipment.

[0016] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0017] This invention features a reset switch to control the power supply from the battery box to the all-in-one device. In conjunction with external circuitry, when the battery box is fully charged, the all-in-one device activates the first and second relays, ensuring a stable power supply while simultaneously guaranteeing stable battery discharge. When the battery level decreases, the all-in-one device disconnects the second relay. At this point, the external circuitry, based on changes in current and voltage from the external device connected to the external port, switches the current direction accordingly, allowing the battery box to be charged via mains power, thus achieving integrated charging and discharging control of the battery box.

[0018] In this invention, the design of the peripheral circuit enables the all-in-one machine to switch the working states of the first and second relays based on the battery box status and the external port status, thereby ensuring the safety of charging and discharging the battery box. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of a battery pack charging and discharging management system proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] This embodiment proposes a battery pack charging and discharging management circuit, including an integrated unit and its peripheral circuits. The peripheral circuits include: a positive terminal connection, a negative terminal connection, a DC-DC converter, a reset switch S1, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a fourth diode D4, a first relay K1, and a second relay K2.

[0021] The positive terminal is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery box, and the negative terminal is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery box.

[0022] The third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 form a common cathode diode combination. The cathode of the combination is connected to the positive terminal through the first relay K1, and is connected to the positive terminals of the third diode D3 and the first diode D1 through the second relay K2.

[0023] The positive terminal is also connected to the positive terminal of the fourth diode D4 and the second diode D2 respectively; the negative terminals of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are connected by a reset switch S1.

[0024] The negative terminal and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 are connected to the integrated unit for power supply via a DC-DC converter; the integrated unit is used to collect signals from the battery box and control the operation of the first and second relays.

[0025] The external ports are connected to the third diode D3 and the negative terminal, respectively; the external ports are used to connect to a charger or an external power-consuming load.

[0026] When the battery pack charging and discharging management circuit is connected to the battery box, it can achieve multiple operating modes. For the sake of convenience in describing the working principle of the peripheral circuit, let the common terminal of the positive terminal of the third diode D3 and the positive terminal of the first diode D1 be denoted as the first node A1, and let the common terminal of the positive terminal of the second diode D2 and the positive terminal of the fourth diode D4 be denoted as the second node A2.

[0027] Upon power-up, the all-in-one machine controls the closure of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2. After manually closing the reset switch S1, the battery box supplies power to the DC-DC converter through the second node A2, the second diode D2, and the reset switch S1, thereby powering on the all-in-one machine and controlling the closure of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2.

[0028] Then, the battery box supplies power to the DC-DC converter through the first relay K1, the second relay K2, and the first diode D1, keeping the all-in-one machine powered on; the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 remain closed. At this time, the external port can be connected to an external power-consuming load for power supply.

[0029] When the battery box is powered, if the battery box power is lower than a set threshold, the all-in-one machine controls the second relay K2 to open; node A1 loses power, and the DC converter and all-in-one machine lose power. If the external port switches to the charger when the second relay K2 is open, node A1 is powered from the mains, thus powering the DC converter and all-in-one machine through the mains, ensuring that the all-in-one machine remains in the mains power supply state. At the same time, the charger charges the battery box through the first node A1, the third diode D3, and the first relay K1. When the circuit current stabilizes, the all-in-one machine controls the second relay K2 to close again, and the circuit for the charger to charge the battery box switches to the line where the first node A1, the second relay K2, the first relay K1, and the positive connection terminal are located.

[0030] When the battery box is fully charged, the integrated unit controls the first relay K1 to disconnect, the charger goes offline, and the battery box supplies power to the external port through the positive connection terminal, the fourth diode D4, the second relay K2, and the first node A1, thereby powering on the external power-consuming load connected to the external port. At this time, manually closing the reset switch will allow the battery box to supply power to the DC-DC converter through the second node A2, the second diode D2, and the reset switch S1, thus powering on the integrated unit and controlling the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 to close; then, the battery box supplies power to the DC-DC converter through the first relay K1, the second relay K2, and the first diode D1.

[0031] In this embodiment, the negative terminal and the negative terminal of the first diode D1 can be directly connected to the power supply of the integrated machine. Power is supplied through a DC-DC converter, which can ensure the stability of the power-on voltage of the integrated machine, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the integrated machine and the circuit, and ensuring the stability of the battery charging and discharging process.

[0032] A switch S2 and a load resistor R1 are connected in series between the negative and positive terminals. Thus, when the charger is charging the battery box, closing switch S2 allows the float current to be dissipated through the load resistor R1, preventing damage to the battery box from float charging. A Hall effect sensor is also installed in the branch containing switch S2 to detect the float current, alerting staff to remove the charger in time.

[0033] In this embodiment, the integrated machine controls the operating states of the first relay K1 and the second relay K2 according to the battery box status and power supply method, and the control method adopts existing technology. The purpose of this application is to protect the connection relationship of the peripheral circuit.

[0034] In this embodiment, the all-in-one machine is also connected to a display screen and an external debugging device. The display screen is used to show the status of the battery box, and the external debugging device is used to debug the working status of the all-in-one machine, such as the control threshold of the first relay and the second relay.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery pack charge and discharge management circuit, characterized in that, It includes an all-in-one machine and its peripheral circuits; the peripheral circuits include: a positive terminal, a negative terminal, a reset switch (S1), a first diode (D1), a second diode (D2), a third diode (D3), a fourth diode (D4), a first relay (K1), and a second relay (K2); The positive terminal is used to connect to the positive terminal of the battery box, and the negative terminal is used to connect to the negative terminal of the battery box. The third diode (D3) and the fourth diode (D4) form a common cathode diode combination. The cathode of the diode is connected to the positive terminal through the first relay (K1), and is connected to the positive terminals of the third diode (D3) and the first diode (D1) through the second relay (K2). The positive terminal is also connected to the positive terminal of the fourth diode (D4) and the second diode (D2); the negative terminals of the first diode (D1) and the second diode (D2) are connected by a reset switch (S1); The negative terminal and the negative terminal of the first diode (D1) are connected to the power supply of the integrated unit; the integrated unit is used to collect signals from the battery box and control the operation of the first and second relays; The external ports are connected to the third diode (D3) and the negative terminal, respectively; the external ports are used to connect to a charger or an external power-consuming load.

2. The battery pack charge and discharge management circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A switch (S2) and a load resistor (R1) are connected in series between the negative terminal and the positive terminal.

3. The battery pack charge and discharge management circuit as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The branch where the switch (S2) is located is also equipped with a Hall sensor (H1).

4. The battery pack charge and discharge management circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The reset switch is a manual control switch.

5. The battery pack charge and discharge management circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The negative terminal and the negative terminal of the first diode (D1) are connected to the power supply of the integrated machine via a DC-DC converter.

6. The battery pack charge and discharge management circuit as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The all-in-one unit is connected to a display screen, which is used to show the status of the battery compartment.

7. The battery pack charge and discharge management circuit as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The all-in-one machine is equipped with a debugging interface for connecting external debugging equipment.

Images