Photovoltaic module and power plant system
By designing parallel and series connections of battery strings in photovoltaic modules, combined with bypass devices and busbars, the problems of busbar area occupation and shading impact are solved, thereby improving the output power of photovoltaic modules and the stability of power station systems.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TONGWEI SOLAR (HEFEI) CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-28
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
In photovoltaic modules, the busbars occupy the cell area, resulting in a reduction in output power. Furthermore, the half-cell structure design affects the overall output power of the power station system when shaded.
Multiple battery strings are connected in series via output busbars. The positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in the same battery string group are set in the same direction, while the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in adjacent battery string groups are set in opposite directions. Combined with four bypass devices and bypass busbars, a '卍' shaped structure is formed, with the battery strings running through the entire photovoltaic module, reducing the busbar area.
It increases the effective cell area of photovoltaic modules, enhances the conversion efficiency of photovoltaic modules, reduces the impact on other modules under shading conditions, and maintains the overall output power of the power station system.
Smart Images
Figure CN224329847U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and a power station system. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, photovoltaic modules often employ a half-cell structure design, which requires splitting the cell string in half, connecting them in series to form two arrays, and then connecting them in parallel. The two arrays need symmetrical busbar designs, and are connected by busbar strips. However, the area occupied by the busbar strips occupies a certain area within the cell, leading to a reduction in the output power of the photovoltaic module. Utility Model Content
[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a photovoltaic module and power station system that can improve the output power of photovoltaic modules.
[0004] In a first aspect, this application provides a photovoltaic module, including multiple output busbars and multiple battery string groups, wherein each battery string group is connected in series through the output busbars;
[0005] The battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel to each other through an output bus bar. In the same battery string group, the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings are set in the same direction, while the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in adjacent battery string groups are set in opposite directions.
[0006] In one embodiment, the plurality of battery string groups include a first battery string group, a second battery string group, and a third battery string group arranged sequentially along a first direction. The negative terminal of the first battery string group is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string group through an output busbar, and the negative terminal of the second battery string group is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string group through an output busbar.
[0007] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes a first bypass device, a second bypass device, a third bypass device, and a fourth bypass device;
[0008] The positive terminal of the first bypass device is connected between two batteries at the first position in the battery string of the first battery string group, and the negative terminal of the first bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery string group.
[0009] The positive terminal of the second bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string, and the negative terminal of the second bypass device is connected between two batteries at the second position in the battery string of the third battery string.
[0010] The positive terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth bypass device, and is connected between the two batteries at the third position in the battery string of the second battery string group. The negative terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass device, and is connected between the two batteries at the first position.
[0011] The positive terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass device and is connected between the two batteries at the second position. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the third position.
[0012] In one embodiment, the distance between the first position and the negative terminal of the first battery string along the second direction is less than or equal to a first value, which is 1 / 3 of the length of the first battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same.
[0013] The distance between the second position and the positive terminal of the third battery string along the second direction is less than or equal to a second value, which is 1 / 3 of the length of the third battery string in the second direction.
[0014] In one embodiment, the distance between the first position and the negative terminal of the first battery string along the second direction is a third value, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the first battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same.
[0015] The distance between the second position and the positive terminal of the third battery string along the second direction is the fourth value, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the third battery string in the second direction.
[0016] In one embodiment, the distance between the third position and the positive terminal of the second battery string along the second direction is a fifth value, which is half the length of the second battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are different.
[0017] In one embodiment, the first bypass device is a first diode or a first MOSFET, the second bypass device is a second diode or a second MOSFET, the third bypass device is a third diode or a third MOSFET, and the fourth bypass device is a fourth diode or a fourth MOSFET.
[0018] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic module further includes a first bypass busbar, a second bypass busbar, and a plurality of third bypass busbars;
[0019] The positive terminal of the first bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the first position through the first bypass busbar, and the negative terminal of the first bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery string through the output busbar.
[0020] The positive terminal of the second bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string through the output busbar, and the negative terminal of the second bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the second position through the second bypass busbar.
[0021] The positive terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth bypass device through the third bypass busbar, and is connected between the two batteries at the third position through the third bypass busbar. The negative terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass device through the third bypass busbar and the first bypass busbar in sequence, and is connected between the two batteries at the first position through the third bypass busbar and the first bypass busbar in sequence.
[0022] The positive terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass device in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar, and is connected between the two batteries at the second position in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the third position through the third bypass busbar.
[0023] In one embodiment, a first bypass busbar is disposed on a first longitudinal bypass line and a first transverse bypass line that are interconnected; wherein the first longitudinal bypass line is located between the first battery string group and the second battery string group, and the first transverse bypass line is located at a first position;
[0024] The second bypass busbar is installed on the interconnected second longitudinal bypass line and second transverse bypass line; wherein the second longitudinal bypass line is located in the middle of the second battery string group and the third battery string group, and the second transverse bypass line is located at the second position.
[0025] In one embodiment, each third bypass busbar is disposed on the third transverse bypass line, which is located at the third position.
[0026] Secondly, this application also provides a power plant system, including an inverter and a plurality of photovoltaic modules as described above, wherein the inverter and the plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series in sequence.
[0027] The aforementioned photovoltaic modules and power station systems include photovoltaic modules comprising multiple output busbars and multiple battery string groups. Each battery string group is connected in series via the output busbars. Each battery string group comprises two battery strings connected in parallel via the output busbars. In the same battery string group, the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings are arranged in the same direction, while in adjacent battery string groups, the positive and negative terminals are arranged in opposite directions. The photovoltaic modules provided in this application form battery string groups by connecting two battery strings in parallel. Each battery string group is connected in series via the output busbars. Compared to the traditional method of dividing the battery string into two and then symmetrically designing the busbars, the photovoltaic modules provided in this application have battery strings that run through the entire photovoltaic module. Through the long string design, there is no need to set up the busbar area required for the parallel connection of two arrays in the traditional method, which increases the effective cell area and improves the output power of the photovoltaic modules. Attached Figure Description
[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the conventional technology, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the conventional technology will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a half-cell structure of a conventional photovoltaic module in one embodiment;
[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional photovoltaic module in one embodiment;
[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional photovoltaic module in another embodiment;
[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional power plant system in one embodiment;
[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment;
[0034] Figure 6 This is a circuit connection diagram of a photovoltaic module in one embodiment;
[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module in another embodiment;
[0036] Figure 8 This is a circuit connection diagram of the photovoltaic module in another embodiment;
[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the power plant system in one embodiment;
[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power station system in another embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0039] To facilitate understanding of this application, a more complete description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the disclosure of this application will be thorough and complete.
[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
[0041] It is understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in this application may be used herein to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, a first position may be referred to as a second position, and similarly, a second position may be referred to as a first position. Both the first position and the second position are positions, but they are not the same position.
[0042] It is understood that the term "connection" in the following embodiments should be understood as "electrical connection," "communication connection," etc., if the connected circuits, modules, units, etc., have electrical signal or data transmission with each other.
[0043] When used herein, the singular forms of “a,” “an,” and “the” may also include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising / including” or “having,” etc., specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. Meanwhile, the term “and / or” as used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the associated listed items.
[0044] Currently, photovoltaic modules often adopt a half-cell structure design, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery string needs to be cut into two parts, connected in series first to form two arrays, and then connected in parallel. Figure 1 An exemplary half-cell structure design (an array) for a photovoltaic module is shown. Figure 2 An exemplary structural design of a photovoltaic module (two arrays connected in parallel) is shown.
[0045] It should be noted that, as Figure 3 As shown, the two arrays are symmetrically designed for busbar operation, requiring an additional 12mm of space for the busbar strip. Figure 3 The green area in the middle, marked with pink in the enlarged view of section A, indicates the size of this area, and the area where the busbar is located ( Figure 3 The green area in the middle affects the overall efficiency of the photovoltaic module, reducing its output power.
[0046] Meanwhile, while the half-cell structure design has advantages over the full-cell structure design in terms of heat spot resistance—the original full-cell structure design does not generate electricity when one row of cells is blocked, while the half-cell structure design, after blocking one row of cells, only the blocked array does not generate electricity, and the other array generates electricity—from the system perspective, such as… Figure 4As shown, in a traditional power station system, multiple photovoltaic modules and an inverter are connected in series, where n is an integer greater than 3. If one row of cells of a photovoltaic module ( Figure 4 If the photovoltaic module (within the dashed box) is shaded, its diodes will bypass and not generate electricity. This means the module will only output about half the current. Since this module is connected in series with other modules, it will affect the other modules, causing them to operate in a non-MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) state. The output current of the other modules will also be reduced by nearly half, impacting the overall output power of the traditional power plant system.
[0047] The photovoltaic module provided in this application consists of two battery strings connected in parallel to form a battery string group. These battery string groups are then connected in series via an output busbar. Compared to the traditional method of dividing the battery string in half symmetrically for busbar design, the battery string in this application runs through the entire photovoltaic module. This long string design effectively increases the overall battery screen ratio, improves the conversion efficiency, and thus increases the output power of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, because this application uses two battery strings first connected in parallel to form a battery string group, and these battery string groups are then connected in series via an output busbar, when a row of batteries is shaded, the output power of that photovoltaic module decreases by half. However, the output current remains similar to that of other photovoltaic modules, thus not affecting the operating status of other photovoltaic modules. This reduces the overall impact on the output power of the power station system.
[0048] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, a photovoltaic module is provided, including multiple output busbars and multiple battery string groups, wherein each battery string group is connected in series through the output busbars.
[0049] The battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel to each other through an output bus bar. In the same battery string group, the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings are set in the same direction, while the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in adjacent battery string groups are set in opposite directions.
[0050] The function of the output busbar is to transmit current. The number of output busbars can be set according to the actual situation and is not limited in this embodiment. The number of batteries in the battery string can be set according to the actual situation. In this embodiment, 20 batteries are connected in series in the battery string as an example.
[0051] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the explanation uses a three-cell string group within a photovoltaic module as an example. Figure 5The red and yellow boxes in the diagram are used to distinguish different battery string groups. Each battery string group is connected in series via an output busbar. The two battery strings within each battery string group are connected in parallel via the output busbar, and the positive and negative terminals of the two battery strings within each battery string group are set to the same direction. Figure 5 The green line in the diagram represents the output busbar. The positive and negative polarities of the battery strings in the battery string group within the yellow box are reversed compared to those in the battery string group within the red box.
[0052] It should be noted that the two battery strings in each battery string group are connected in parallel to each other through the output bus bar, and the battery string groups are connected in series through the output bus bar. That is, the battery string runs through the entire photovoltaic module, eliminating the need for the bus bar area required for two arrays in parallel in the traditional way. Through the long string design, the overall battery screen ratio of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved, the conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module is improved, and thus the output power of the photovoltaic module is improved.
[0053] The aforementioned photovoltaic module includes multiple output busbars and multiple battery string groups. Each battery string group is connected in series via the output busbars. Each battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel via the output busbars. In the same battery string group, the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings are arranged in the same direction, while in adjacent battery string groups, the positive and negative terminals are arranged in opposite directions. Compared to the traditional method of dividing the battery string into two and then symmetrically designing the busbars, the photovoltaic module provided in this application has battery strings that run through the entire photovoltaic module. Through the long string design, there is no need to set up the busbar area required for two arrays connected in parallel in the traditional method, which increases the effective cell area and improves the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0054] In one embodiment, such as Figure 5 As shown, the multiple battery string groups include a first battery string group 110, a second battery string group 120 and a third battery string group 130 arranged sequentially along a first direction. The negative terminal of the first battery string group 110 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string group 120 through an output bus bar, and the negative terminal of the second battery string group 120 is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string group 130 through an output bus bar.
[0055] Specifically, such as Figure 5 As shown, the negative terminal of the first battery string group 110 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string group 120 via an output busbar, and the negative terminal of the second battery string group 120 is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string group 130 via an output busbar. The positive and negative polarities of each battery string group are positioned at the beginning and end, respectively. Figure 5 As shown, the polarities of the first battery string group 110, the second battery string group 120, and the third battery string group 130 along the first direction can be positive positive negative negative positive positive, or negative negative positive positive negative negative. In this case, the output busbar will not increase in length and will not affect the output of the photovoltaic module.
[0056] In this embodiment, the negative terminal of the first battery string 110 is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string 120 through an output busbar, and the negative terminal of the second battery string 120 is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string 130 through an output busbar. The positive and negative polarities of each battery string are placed at the beginning and end, respectively, so the output busbar will not increase the length of the photovoltaic module and will not affect the output of the photovoltaic module.
[0057] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the photovoltaic module also includes a first bypass device 210, a second bypass device 220, a third bypass device 230, and a fourth bypass device 240;
[0058] The positive terminal of the first bypass device 210 is connected between two batteries at the first position in the battery string of the first battery string group 110, and the negative terminal of the first bypass device 210 is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery string group 110.
[0059] The positive terminal of the second bypass device 220 is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string 130, and the negative terminal of the second bypass device 220 is connected between two batteries at the second position in the battery string of the third battery string 130.
[0060] The positive terminal of the third bypass device 230 is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth bypass device 240, and is connected between the two batteries at the third position in the battery string of the second battery string 120. The negative terminal of the third bypass device 230 is connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass device 210, and is connected between the two batteries at the first position.
[0061] The positive terminal of the fourth bypass device 240 is connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass device 120 and is connected between the two batteries at the second position. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass device 240 is connected between the two batteries at the third position.
[0062] The first, second, and third positions can all be set according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the first position is located at the junction of the pink and green areas in the first battery string group 110, the second position is located at the junction of the yellow and gray areas in the third battery string group 130, and the third position is located at the junction of the yellow and green areas in the second battery string group 120, as an example.
[0063] Specifically, such as Figure 6 As shown, by providing a first bypass device 210, a second bypass device 220, a third bypass device 230, and a fourth bypass device 240, the photovoltaic module can be divided into a first bypass group (corresponding to...). Figure 6 (Middle pink area), second bypass group (corresponding to) Figure 6 (Middle green area), third bypass group (corresponding to) Figure 6 (middle yellow area) and the fourth bypass group (corresponding to) Figure 6The medium gray area), it can be understood that at this time, the "卍" - shaped design is adopted in the photovoltaic module, and the battery strings in the photovoltaic module are evenly divided into 4 bypass groups. Under this design, if a row of batteries at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is shaded, at this time, the first bypass group and the third bypass group work normally, and the second bypass group and the fourth bypass group activate the bypass function. The current output by this photovoltaic module is similar to that of the unshaded photovoltaic module, and this photovoltaic module does not affect the working state of other photovoltaic modules; at the same time, the photovoltaic module provided in this application still adopts the half - cell interconnection technology, retaining the advantage of low electrical loss under the half - cell structure design.
[0064] In the embodiment of this application, by providing four bypass devices in the photovoltaic module, the battery strings in the photovoltaic module are divided into 4 areas. When the batteries in different areas are shaded, the batteries in the unshaded areas work normally, and the batteries in the shaded areas activate the bypass function through the corresponding bypass devices, so that the current output by this photovoltaic module is similar to that of the unshaded photovoltaic module, and this photovoltaic module does not affect the working state of other photovoltaic modules, improving the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0065] In one of the embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, the distance from the first position along the second direction to the negative pole of the first battery string group 110 is less than or equal to the first value, and the first value is 1 / 3 of the length of the first battery string group 110 corresponding to the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same;
[0066] The distance from the second position along the second direction to the positive pole of the third battery string group 130 is less than or equal to the second value, and the second value is 1 / 3 of the length of the third battery string group 130 corresponding to the second direction.
[0067] Among them, the second direction is not the same as the first direction. Specifically, the second direction can be perpendicular to the first direction; it should be noted that the first direction can be any direction, not the Figure 6 horizontal direction shown. Similarly, the second direction can also be any direction, not the Figure 6 vertical direction shown.
[0068] Specifically, the negative terminal of the first battery string group 110 is at the bottom of the first battery string group 110, and the positive terminal of the third battery string group 130 is at the top of the third battery string group 130. The length of the first battery string group 110 in the second direction can be the length of a single battery string within the first battery string group 110, or the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction. The length of the third battery string group 130 in the second direction can be the length of a single battery string within the third battery string group 130, or the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction. With the above design, if a row of batteries at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is blocked, the first bypass group and the third bypass group will operate normally, while the second bypass group and the fourth bypass group will activate their bypass function. The current output by this photovoltaic module will be similar to the current output by the unblocked photovoltaic module, and this photovoltaic module will not affect the operating status of other photovoltaic modules.
[0069] In this embodiment of the application, by reasonably setting the first position and the second position, if a row of batteries at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is blocked, the batteries in the unblocked area will work normally. The batteries in the blocked area will activate the bypass function through the corresponding bypass device, so that the current output by the photovoltaic module is similar to the current output by the unblocked photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module will not affect the working state of other photovoltaic modules, thereby improving the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0070] In one embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the distance between the first position and the negative terminal of the first battery string along the second direction is the third value, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the first battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same.
[0071] The distance between the second position and the positive terminal of the third battery string along the second direction is the fourth value, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the third battery string in the second direction.
[0072] Specifically, the negative electrode of the first battery string group 110 is the bottom of the first battery string group 110, and the positive electrode of the third battery string group 130 is the top of the third battery string group 130. The length of the first battery string group 110 corresponding in the second direction can be the length of a single battery string within the first battery string group 110, or the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction. The length of the third battery string group 130 corresponding in the second direction can be the length of a single battery string within the third battery string group 130, or the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction. It can be understood that in the case of the above design, a "wan" - shaped design is adopted in the light group component, and the battery strings in the photovoltaic module are evenly divided into 4 bypass groups. In this design, if a row of batteries at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is blocked, at this time, the first bypass group and the third bypass group work normally, and the second bypass group and the fourth bypass group activate the bypass function. The current output by this photovoltaic module is similar to the current output by the unblocked photovoltaic module, and this photovoltaic module will not affect the working state of other photovoltaic modules.
[0073] Exemplarily, as Figure 6 shown, the first position is located at the junction of the pink area and the green area in the first battery string group 110, and the second position is located at the junction of the yellow area and the gray area in the third battery string group 130. It can be understood that taking the number of batteries in a single battery string within the first battery string group 110 and the third battery string group 130 as 20 pieces as an example for illustration, the first position is set between the 15th battery and the 16th battery in the first battery string group 110 along the second direction, and the second position is set between the 5th battery and the 6th battery in the third battery string group 130 along the second direction.
[0074] In one embodiment, as Figure 6 shown, the distance between the third position and the positive electrode of the second battery string group 120 along the second direction is the fifth value, and the fifth value is 1 / 2 of the length of the second battery string group 120 corresponding in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same.
[0075] Among them, the second direction is not the same as the first direction. Specifically, the second direction can be perpendicular to the first direction. It should be noted that the first direction can be any direction, not the Figure 6 horizontal direction shown. Similarly, the second direction can also be any direction, not the Figure 6 vertical direction shown.
[0076] Specifically, the positive electrode of the second battery string group 120 is at the bottom of the second battery string group 120. The length of the second battery string group 120 corresponding to the second direction can be the length of a single battery string in the second battery string group 120, or the size of the photovoltaic module in the second direction. It can be understood that in the case of adopting the above design, the "卍" - shaped design is adopted in the optical group module, and the battery strings in the photovoltaic module are evenly divided into 4 bypass groups. In this design, if a row of batteries at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is blocked, at this time, the first bypass group and the third bypass group work normally, and the second bypass group and the fourth bypass group activate the bypass function. The current output by this photovoltaic module is similar to the current output by the unblocked photovoltaic module, and this photovoltaic module does not affect the working state of other photovoltaic modules.
[0077] Exemplarily, as Figure 6 shown, the third position is located at the junction of the yellow area and the green area in the second battery string group 120. It can be understood that taking the number of batteries in a single battery string in the second battery string group 120 as 20 as an example for illustration, the third position is set between the 10th battery and the 11th battery in the second battery string group 120 along the second direction.
[0078] In the embodiments of the present application, by reasonably setting the third position, the battery string groups in the photovoltaic module are evenly divided. When a row of batteries at the bottom of the photovoltaic module is blocked, the batteries in the unblocked area work normally, and the batteries in the blocked area activate the bypass function through the corresponding bypass devices. At this time, the current output by this photovoltaic module is similar to the current output by the unblocked photovoltaic module, and this photovoltaic module does not affect the working state of other photovoltaic modules, improving the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0079] In one of the embodiments, the first bypass device 210 is a first diode or a first MOS transistor, the second bypass device 220 is a second diode or a second MOS transistor, the third bypass device 230 is a third diode or a third MOS transistor, and the fourth bypass device 240 is a fourth diode or a fourth MOS transistor.
[0080] Specifically, each bypass device can be a diode or a MOS transistor. It can be understood that each bypass device can also adopt other types of devices, not limited to the forms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application, as long as it can support the bypass output function of each battery string group.
[0081] In one of the embodiments, as Figure 7 shown, the photovoltaic module further includes a first bypass bus bar, a second bypass bus bar, and a plurality of third bypass bus bars;
[0082] The positive electrode of the first bypass device is connected between two batteries at the first position through the first bypass bus bar, and the negative electrode of the first bypass device is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery string group through the output bus bar;
[0083] The positive terminal of the second bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string through the output busbar, and the negative terminal of the second bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the second position through the second bypass busbar.
[0084] The positive terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth bypass device through the third bypass busbar, and is connected between the two batteries at the third position through the third bypass busbar. The negative terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass device through the third bypass busbar and the first bypass busbar in sequence, and is connected between the two batteries at the first position through the third bypass busbar and the first bypass busbar in sequence.
[0085] The positive terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass device in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar, and is connected between the two batteries at the second position in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the third position through the third bypass busbar.
[0086] The function of the bypass busbar is that when the photovoltaic module is working normally, the current will not flow through the bypass busbar. When some cells in the photovoltaic module are shaded, the bypass function is activated, and the current flows through the bypass busbar. The number of bypass busbars can be set according to the actual situation, and is not limited in this embodiment.
[0087] Specifically, each bypass device is connected to its corresponding location through a corresponding bypass busbar. When a cell in the photovoltaic module is shaded, current can flow through the bypass busbar, making the output current of the photovoltaic module similar to that of an unshaded photovoltaic module, thus ensuring the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0088] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, Figure 7 The green line in the middle represents the output busbar. Figure 7 The blue lines represent the first bypass bus bar, the second bypass bus bar, and multiple third bypass bus bars.
[0089] In this embodiment, by setting a first bypass busbar, a second bypass busbar, and multiple third bypass busbars, the current can flow through the bypass busbars when the cells inside the photovoltaic module are shaded, ensuring the output power of the photovoltaic module. At the same time, it eliminates the need for the busbar area required for two arrays connected in parallel in the traditional method, increasing the effective cell area and improving the output power of the photovoltaic module.
[0090] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, the first bypass busbar is disposed on the first longitudinal bypass line 310 and the first transverse bypass line 320 that are interconnected; wherein, the first longitudinal bypass line 310 is located between the first battery string group 110 and the second battery string group 120, and the first transverse bypass line 320 is located at the first position.
[0091] The second bypass busbar is disposed on the interconnected second longitudinal bypass line 330 and second transverse bypass line 340; wherein, the second longitudinal bypass line 330 is located in the middle of the second battery string group 120 and the third battery string group 130, and the second transverse bypass line 340 is located at the second position.
[0092] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first longitudinal bypass line 310, the first transverse bypass line 320, the second longitudinal bypass line 330, and the second transverse bypass line 340 are marked with blue lines. Since the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in the first battery string group 110 and the second battery string group 120 are reversed, the first longitudinal bypass line 310 is placed in the middle of the first battery string group 110 and the second battery string group 120. Since the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in the second battery string group 120 and the third battery string group 130 are reversed, the second longitudinal bypass line 330 is placed in the middle of the second battery string group 120 and the third battery string group 130. This minimizes the length of the first bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar, reducing costs. Similarly, placing the first transverse bypass line 320 at the first position and the second transverse bypass line 340 at the second position can also minimize the length of the first bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar, reducing costs.
[0093] In this embodiment, by placing the first longitudinal bypass line 310 in the middle of the first battery string group 110 and the second battery string group 120, placing the second longitudinal bypass line 330 in the middle of the second battery string group 120 and the third battery string group 130, placing the first transverse bypass line 320 at the first position, and placing the second transverse bypass line 340 at the second position, the lengths of the first bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar are minimized, thereby reducing costs.
[0094] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8 As shown, each third bypass busbar is installed on the third transverse bypass line 350, which is located at the third position.
[0095] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, the third lateral bypass line 350 is marked with a blue line. By setting the third lateral bypass line 350 at the third position, the required length of each third bypass busbar is minimized, reducing costs.
[0096] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 9As shown, this application also provides a power station system, including an inverter and a plurality of photovoltaic modules as described above, wherein the inverter and the plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series in sequence.
[0097] The number of photovoltaic modules can be set according to actual conditions, and is not limited in this embodiment.
[0098] Specifically, the power station system is equipped with an inverter and multiple photovoltaic modules. By using the photovoltaic modules provided in the embodiments of this application, the power generation capacity of the power station system can be effectively maintained.
[0099] For example, such as Figure 10 As shown, multiple photovoltaic modules are connected in series in the power station system. The positive terminal of the first photovoltaic module (photovoltaic module 1) is connected to the inverter, and the negative terminal of the last photovoltaic module (photovoltaic module n, where n is a positive integer) is connected to the inverter.
[0100] It should be noted that, as Figure 10 As shown, when a row of cells at the bottom of photovoltaic module 2 (cells within the dashed box) is blocked, the first and third bypass groups within the photovoltaic module operate normally, while the second and fourth bypass groups activate their bypass functions. At this time, the current output by the photovoltaic module is similar to that output by the unblocked photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module 2 does not affect the operating status of other photovoltaic modules, effectively maintaining the power generation capacity of the power station system.
[0101] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "some embodiments," "other embodiments," and "ideal embodiments" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative descriptions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples.
[0102] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0103] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this application should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims
1. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, It includes multiple output busbars and multiple battery string groups, with each battery string group connected in series through the output busbars; The battery string group includes two battery strings connected in parallel to each other through the output bus bar, wherein the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in the same battery string group are arranged in the same direction, and the positive and negative terminals of the battery strings in adjacent battery string groups are arranged in opposite directions.
2. The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plurality of battery string groups include a first battery string group, a second battery string group, and a third battery string group arranged sequentially along a first direction. The negative terminal of the first battery string group is connected to the positive terminal of the second battery string group through the output bus bar, and the negative terminal of the second battery string group is connected to the positive terminal of the third battery string group through the output bus bar.
3. The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a first bypass device, a second bypass device, a third bypass device, and a fourth bypass device; The positive terminal of the first bypass device is connected between two batteries at the first position in the battery string of the first battery string group, and the negative terminal of the first bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery string group. The positive terminal of the second bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string, and the negative terminal of the second bypass device is connected between two batteries at the second position in the battery string of the third battery string. The positive terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth bypass device, and is connected between two batteries at the third position in the battery string in the second battery string group. The negative terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass device, and is connected between two batteries at the first position. The positive terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass device and is connected between the two batteries at the second position. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the third position.
4. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance from the first position along the second direction to the negative terminal of the first battery string is less than or equal to a first value, where the first value is 1 / 3 of the length of the first battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same. The distance between the second position and the positive terminal of the third battery string along the second direction is less than or equal to a second value, which is 1 / 3 of the length of the third battery string in the second direction.
5. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance from the first position along the second direction to the negative terminal of the first battery string is a third value, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the first battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same; The distance between the second position and the positive terminal of the third battery string along the second direction is a fourth value, which is 1 / 4 of the length of the third battery string in the second direction.
6. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The distance between the third position and the positive terminal of the second battery string along the second direction is a fifth value, which is half the length of the second battery string in the second direction; the first direction and the second direction are not the same.
7. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first bypass device is a first diode or a first MOSFET, the second bypass device is a second diode or a second MOSFET, the third bypass device is a third diode or a third MOSFET, and the fourth bypass device is a fourth diode or a fourth MOSFET.
8. The photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module also includes a first bypass busbar, a second bypass busbar, and multiple third bypass busbars; The positive terminal of the first bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the first position through the first bypass busbar, and the negative terminal of the first bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first battery string through the output busbar. The positive terminal of the second bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the third battery string through the output busbar, and the negative terminal of the second bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the second position through the second bypass busbar. The positive terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth bypass device through the third bypass busbar, and is also connected between the two batteries at the third position through the third bypass busbar. The negative terminal of the third bypass device is connected to the positive terminal of the first bypass device in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the first bypass busbar, and is also connected between the two batteries at the first position in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the first bypass busbar. The positive terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected to the negative terminal of the second bypass device in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar, and is connected between the two batteries at the second position in sequence through the third bypass busbar and the second bypass busbar. The negative terminal of the fourth bypass device is connected between the two batteries at the third position through the third bypass busbar.
9. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first bypass busbar is disposed on the first longitudinal bypass line and the first transverse bypass line that are interconnected; wherein, the first longitudinal bypass line is located in the middle of the first battery string group and the second battery string group, and the first transverse bypass line is located at the first position; The second bypass busbar is disposed on the interconnected second longitudinal bypass line and second transverse bypass line; wherein the second longitudinal bypass line is located in the middle of the second battery string group and the third battery string group, and the second transverse bypass line is located at the second position.
10. The photovoltaic module according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each of the aforementioned third bypass busbars is disposed on the third transverse bypass line, which is located at the third position.
11. A power plant system, characterized in that, It includes an inverter and a plurality of photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the inverter and the plurality of photovoltaic modules are connected in series in sequence.