A high-performance speed reducer for a tool disc of a machining center tool changing system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of high-performance speed reducer of tool disc special for machining center tool changing system, it is related to the field of speed reducer.The purpose is to solve the problem of short service life of existing speed reducer friction plate, poor moisture resistance and inconvenient brake release without power supply.It includes gear box, machine shell stator, rotor, motor rear cover, coil assembly, movable iron sheet, friction plate and manual brake release mechanism etc.Core structure is: movable iron sheet and rotor shaft outer end are braked by inner and outer tooth meshing, form double brake with friction plate, not only improve the brake efficiency of speed reducer, while greatly prolong the service life of friction plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of speed reducers, specifically to a high-performance speed reducer for tool changer systems in machining centers. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, the tool changing system of a machining center places extremely high demands on the performance of the speed reducer. Existing tool changing system speed reducers mainly consist of a gearbox, a motor, and a brake, and they have the following drawbacks:

[0003] 1. The friction plates wear out quickly, requiring frequent replacements and affecting processing efficiency;

[0004] 2. The brake is difficult to release when there is no power, making maintenance inconvenient. Utility Model Content

[0005] In view of the above, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a high-performance reducer for tool changing systems in machining centers, which addresses the problems of short friction plate life, poor moisture resistance, and inconvenience in brake release when there is no power.

[0006] This design includes a gearbox, a stator housing, a rotor, and a motor rear cover. The gearbox, stator housing, and motor rear cover are connected sequentially. The rotor is located inside the stator housing and extends from the motor rear cover to form the outer end of the rotor shaft. A coil assembly is located above the motor rear cover. Multiple guide rods are provided between the coil assembly and the outer periphery of the motor rear cover. A movable iron plate is also provided between the coil assembly and the motor rear cover. The movable iron plate is sleeved on the multiple guide rods, and springs are sleeved on the guide rods. The springs abut against the upper part of the movable iron plate. The movable iron plate has internal teeth in the middle, and the outer end of the rotor shaft has external teeth that match the internal teeth. When the coil assembly is energized, it generates a magnetic force that attracts the movable iron plate to move upward. When the power is off, the magnetic force disappears, and the movable iron plate descends under the elastic force of the spring. Its internal teeth and external teeth mesh to brake the rotor.

[0007] Furthermore, a friction plate is provided below the movable iron plate, and a square block is provided in the middle of the friction plate. The square block is connected to the outer end of the rotor shaft through a key structure. An arc-shaped spring is provided on the outer side of the square block. One end of the arc-shaped spring is connected to the square block, and the other end abuts against the friction plate. When the movable iron plate moves upward, the friction plate moves upward under the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring and separates from the motor rear cover. After the movable iron plate descends, it applies pressure to the friction plate, causing the friction plate to overcome the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring and descend to contact the motor rear cover to generate friction, thereby achieving braking of the rotor.

[0008] Furthermore, the coil assembly includes an annular coil sleeve with an annular groove formed inside. The top of the annular groove is open, and the bottom has multiple post holes. Several magnetic posts are provided inside the annular groove, and a coil is wound around the magnetic posts. The lower end of the magnetic posts passes through the post holes of the coil sleeve to form a horizontal magnetic pole surface. The annular groove is filled with adhesive, which fills the gaps between the magnetic posts to solidify and encapsulate the coil. An upper protection layer is provided at the open top of the annular groove, and the upper protection layer is fixedly connected to the coil sleeve to close the annular groove.

[0009] Furthermore, it includes a manual brake release mechanism, which comprises a rotating column mounted on the rear cover of the motor and a handle connected to the rotating column; the rotating column has a semi-circular structure with a horizontal plane and a semi-circular surface; rotating the handle drives the rotating column to rotate, so that when the semi-circular surface of the rotating column faces upward, the movable iron plate is lifted by the semi-circular surface to release the brake.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. This application can eliminate the friction pad and solve the wear problem of the friction pad at its root by using a braking structure with internal and external teeth meshing. Alternatively, a dual braking structure with internal and external teeth plus friction pad friction can be adopted, which not only improves the braking efficiency of the reducer, but also greatly extends the service life of the friction pad.

[0012] 2. The coil assembly is sealed with resin or adhesive to prevent moisture corrosion and extend its service life.

[0013] 3. A manual brake release mechanism is added between the motor rear cover and the moving iron plate. In the absence of power, the brake of the reducer can be quickly released, which facilitates inspection, routine maintenance and repair. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 , Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the three-dimensional structure from different perspectives in this application;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a partial sectional view of this application;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the mating state of the friction plate, block, and curved spring in this application;

[0017] Figure 5 A three-dimensional sectional view of the movable iron sheet;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the coil assembly;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the coil sleeve;

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the manual release mechanism.

[0021] Reference numerals: Gearbox 100, Motor rear cover 101, Rotor shaft outer end 201, External teeth 202, Coil assembly 300, Coil sleeve 301, Annular groove 302, Column hole 303, Magnetic guide column 304, Coil 305, Upper protection 306, Guide rod 400, Spring 401, Movable iron plate 500, Internal teeth 501, Friction plate 600, Square block 601, Arc-shaped spring 602, Manual release brake mechanism 700, Rotating column 701, Handle 702, Machine housing stator 800. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] Reference Figures 1 to 8 The high-performance reducer for a tool changer system in a machining center is shown below. The specific technical solution is as follows: The reducer includes a gearbox 100, a stator housing 800, a rotor, a motor rear cover 101, a coil assembly 300, a movable iron plate 500, a friction plate 600, a manual release brake mechanism 700, and multiple guide rods 400.

[0024] The gearbox 100 is the basic mounting structure of the reducer. The stator housing 800 is above the gearbox 100, and the motor rear cover 101 is above the stator housing 800. The motor rear cover 101 and the stator housing 800 are fixedly connected by bolts to form a closed mounting space.

[0025] The rotor is located inside the stator 800 of the housing. One end of the rotor is engaged with the transmission structure inside the gearbox 100, and the other end extends out from the shaft hole of the motor rear cover 101 to form the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft. The outer circumferential surface of the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft is provided with external teeth 202, and a keyway is provided along the axial direction for transmission connection.

[0026] Preferably, there are four guide rods 400, which are evenly distributed in a ring and are vertically fixed to the motor rear cover 101. One end of the guide rod 400 is welded or threaded to the motor rear cover 101, and the other end passes through the coil assembly 300 and extends outward to form a guide support structure.

[0027] The movable iron plate 500 is a circular plate structure with a through hole in the middle for the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft to pass through. The inner wall of the through hole is provided with internal teeth 501 that are adapted to the external teeth 202. The edge of the movable iron plate 500 is provided with guide rod 400 holes that correspond one-to-one with the guide rods 400. The movable iron plate 500 passes through the guide rod 400 holes and is sleeved on multiple guide rods 400, and can slide along the axial direction of the guide rods 400.

[0028] Each guide rod 400 is fitted with a spring 401, one end of which abuts against the upper surface of the movable iron plate 500 to provide a downward restoring force for the movable iron plate 500.

[0029] The friction plate 600 is located between the movable iron plate 500 and the motor rear cover 101, and has a ring structure. Its material is a wear-resistant friction material, such as asbestos-based friction material or metal-based friction material. A square block 601 is provided in the middle of the friction plate 600. The center of the square block 601 has a shaft hole that matches the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft, and the square block 601 and the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft are connected by a key structure. Two arc-shaped spring pieces 602 are provided on the outer wall of the square block 601 to provide upward support elastic force for the friction plate 600.

[0030] The coil assembly 300 is fixed to the upper part of the guide rod 400 and is used to generate magnetic force to drive the movable iron piece 500. It includes an annular coil sleeve 301, magnetic posts 304, a coil 305, adhesive, and an upper protection layer 306. The coil sleeve 301 is an annular shell with an annular groove 302 inside. The annular groove 302 is open at the top and closed at the bottom, and has multiple post holes 303. Multiple magnetic posts 304 are evenly distributed around the circumference in the annular groove 302, and the coil 305 is wound around the magnetic posts 304. The lower end of the magnetic posts 304 passes through the post holes 303 at the bottom of the coil sleeve 301, and the end is flush to form a horizontal magnetic pole surface. The annular groove 302 is filled with adhesive, such as epoxy resin. After the adhesive cures, it fills the gaps between the magnetic posts 304, completely encapsulating the coil 305 in the annular groove 302 to achieve moisture-proof sealing. The upper protection layer 306 is an annular plate structure that covers the top opening of the coil sleeve 301 and is fixed with adhesive to form a closed protection. The upper protection layer 306 is provided with a through hole that mates with the guide rod 400 for fixing to the guide rod 400.

[0031] The manual brake release mechanism 700 is used to release the brake in the absence of power. It includes a rotating column 701 and a handle 702. The rotating column 701 is a semi-circular columnar structure with a flat part and a semi-arc part. The rotating column 701 is rotatably mounted on the motor rear cover 101 through a bushing and extends below the movable iron plate 500. The handle 702 is a long rod-shaped structure with its two ends fixedly connected to two symmetrically arranged rotating columns 701. Rotating the handle 702 can drive the rotating columns 701 to rotate synchronously.

[0032] The working principle of this application is as follows:

[0033] Power-on state: This is the non-braking state, which is also the normal operating state of the reducer. After the coil assembly 300 is energized, the magnetic column 304 generates magnetic force, and its horizontal magnetic pole surface attracts the movable iron piece 500 to slide upward. During the upward movement of the movable iron piece 500, the pressure on the friction plate 600 disappears, and the friction plate 600 moves upward under the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring plate 602, disengaging from the braking surface of the motor rear cover 101, that is, the side of the motor rear cover 101 facing the friction plate 600. At the same time, the internal teeth 501 of the movable iron piece 500 separate from the external teeth 202 of the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft, and the rotor can rotate freely, realizing the non-braking state.

[0034] In the power-off state, i.e., the braking state: after the coil assembly 300 is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the movable iron plate 500 slides downward under the restoring force of the spring 401; at this time, the inner teeth 501 of the movable iron plate 500 meshes with the outer teeth 202 of the outer end 201 of the rotor shaft, directly forming the first mechanical braking on the rotor; the movable iron plate 500 presses down on the friction plate 600, causing the friction plate 600 to overcome the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring plate 602 and move downward, contacting the braking surface of the motor rear cover 101 and generating friction, forming the second braking on the rotor through frictional resistance; the dual braking synergistic effect not only improves the braking efficiency, but also reduces the wear of the single friction plate 600 and extends its service life.

[0035] Manual brake release: Turn the handle 702 to rotate the rotating column 701 so that the semi-circular part of the rotating column 701 faces upward; as the rotating column 701 rotates, the semi-circular surface gradually lifts the movable iron plate 500 and slides upward, causing the internal tooth 501 to separate from the external tooth 202 and the friction plate 600 to disengage from the motor rear cover 101, thereby releasing the brake and facilitating inspection or maintenance.

[0036] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-performance reducer for a tool changing system in a machining center, comprising a gearbox (100), a stator housing (800), a rotor, and a motor rear cover (101); the gearbox (100), stator housing (800), and motor rear cover (101) are connected in sequence, the rotor is disposed inside the stator housing (800) and extends out from the motor rear cover (101) to form the outer end (201) of the rotor shaft, characterized in that: A coil assembly (300) is provided above the motor rear cover (101). Multiple guide rods (400) are provided between the coil assembly (300) and the periphery of the motor rear cover (101). A movable iron plate (500) is also provided between the coil assembly (300) and the motor rear cover (101). The movable iron plate (500) is sleeved on the multiple guide rods (400), and a spring (401) is sleeved on each guide rod (400). The spring (401) abuts against the movable iron plate. Above the movable iron plate (500); the movable iron plate (500) is provided with an internal tooth (501) in the middle, and the outer end (201) of the rotor shaft is provided with an external tooth (202) that matches the internal tooth (501); when the coil assembly (300) is energized, it generates a magnetic force to attract the movable iron plate (500) to move upward, and when the power is cut off, the magnetic force disappears, and the movable iron plate (500) descends under the elastic force of the spring (401), and its internal tooth (501) meshes with the external tooth (202) to brake the rotor.

2. The high-performance reducer for a tool changer system in a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: Below the movable iron plate (500) is a friction plate (600), and a square block (601) is provided in the middle of the friction plate (600). The square block (601) is connected to the outer end (201) of the rotor shaft. An arc-shaped spring piece (602) is provided on the outer side of the square block (601), and the arc-shaped spring piece (602) abuts against the friction plate (600). When the movable iron plate (500) moves upward, the friction plate (600) moves upward under the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring piece (602) and separates from the motor rear cover (101). After the movable iron plate (500) descends, it applies pressure to the friction plate (600), causing the friction plate (600) to overcome the elastic force of the arc-shaped spring piece (602) and descend to contact the motor rear cover (101) to generate friction, thereby achieving braking of the rotor.

3. The high-performance reducer for a tool changer system in a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The coil assembly (300) includes an annular coil sleeve (301), an annular groove (302) is formed inside the coil sleeve (301), the top of the annular groove (302) is open, and the bottom is provided with a plurality of post holes (303); a plurality of magnetic posts (304) are provided inside the annular groove (302), and a coil (305) is wound around the magnetic posts (304), the lower end of the magnetic posts (304) passes through the post holes (303) of the coil sleeve (301) to form a horizontal magnetic pole surface; the annular groove (302) is filled with adhesive, and the adhesive fills the gaps between the magnetic posts (304) to solidify and encapsulate the coil (305); an upper protection layer (306) is provided at the open top of the annular groove (302), and the upper protection layer (306) is fixedly connected to the coil sleeve (301) to close the annular groove (302).

4. A high-performance reducer for a tool changer system in a machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device includes a manual brake release mechanism (700), which includes a rotating column (701) mounted on the motor rear cover (101) and a handle (702) connected to the rotating column (701). The rotating column (701) has a semi-circular structure with a horizontal surface and a semi-circular surface. Rotating the handle (702) causes the rotating column (701) to rotate, so that the semi-circular surface of the rotating column (701) faces upward. During the process, the movable iron piece (500) is lifted by the semi-circular surface to release the brake.

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