Emergency rapid evacuation stairway for rail vehicles

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of rail vehicle emergency rapid evacuation stairway, including first stair assembly, first stair assembly includes several first steps and the support side plate being symmetrically arranged at the both sides of several first steps, the both ends of each first step are fixed with the support side plate of corresponding side respectively;Rail vehicle emergency rapid evacuation stairway further includes second stair assembly;Second stair assembly is slidably connected at the lower end of first stair assembly and can be telescopic relative to first stair assembly along the extension direction of first stair assembly;Locking structure is arranged between second stair assembly and first stair assembly, when second stair assembly is contracted relative to first stair assembly, locking structure is used to lock second stair assembly and first stair assembly;The utility model has the advantage of small volume when not being used, and after evacuation stairway is rotated and stored to the frame bottom of rail vehicle, the space occupied by the frame bottom of rail vehicle can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of emergency evacuation devices for rail vehicles, and more specifically, to an emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] Rail vehicles, such as subways and light rail, are transportation vehicles specifically designed to run on railway or tram tracks. They typically consist of a car body, transmission system, control system, and passenger / cargo compartments. When an emergency occurs during rail vehicle operation, emergency escape devices are needed to evacuate passengers from the car to the outside. However, since the escape doors of rail vehicles are often quite high off the ground, emergency escape equipment is required to assist passenger evacuation. To address this, Chinese Patent Publication No. CN120363956A discloses an evacuation device, equipment, and a rail vehicle. In this evacuation device structure, the staircase assembly cannot be extended or retracted, resulting in a large staircase assembly size. Furthermore, after the staircase assembly rotates to the bottom of the rail vehicle's cabin, it occupies a significant amount of space. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide an emergency rapid evacuation ladder for rail vehicles, which has the advantage of small size when not in use, and can reduce the space occupied at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame after the evacuation ladder is rotated and stored at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame.

[0004] This utility model provides an emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles, including a first step assembly. The first step assembly includes several first steps and support side plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the several first steps. Both ends of each first step are fixed to the corresponding support side plate. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles also includes a second step assembly. The second step assembly is slidably connected to the lower end of the first step assembly and can extend and retract relative to the first step assembly along the extension direction of the first step assembly. A locking structure is provided between the second step assembly and the first step assembly. When the second step assembly retracts relative to the first step assembly, the locking structure is used to lock the second step assembly and the first step assembly.

[0005] This utility model divides the evacuation staircase into a first step staircase assembly and a second step staircase assembly. Since the second step staircase assembly can retract the first step staircase assembly, the evacuation staircase has the advantage of small size when it is not in use. Furthermore, after the evacuation staircase is rotated and stored at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, it can reduce the space occupied at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame.

[0006] In one possible implementation, the second step assembly includes a second step and movable side plates symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second step; the two ends of the second step are respectively fixed to the movable side plates on the corresponding sides; the two movable side plates are respectively slidably connected to one of the supporting side plates so that the second step assembly can extend and retract relative to the first step assembly along the extension direction of the first step assembly.

[0007] In one possible implementation, two guide rails are fixed on the outer wall of each supporting side plate and spaced back and forth, and two sliders are fixed on the inner wall of each movable side plate. Each slider is slidably connected to one of the guide rails on the corresponding side. A limiting structure is provided between the second step ladder assembly and the first step ladder assembly. The limiting structure is used to limit the lower limit position of the second step ladder assembly when it extends relative to the first step ladder assembly.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the limiting structure includes two first blocks and two second blocks; the two first blocks are symmetrically fixed to the outer walls of the lower ends of the two supporting side plates, and the two second blocks are symmetrically fixed to the inner walls of the upper ends of the two movable side plates; when the second step assembly extends to the lower limit position relative to the first step assembly, the lower end of each second block abuts against the upper end of the first block on the corresponding side.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the second step assembly further includes a crossbeam, the two ends of which are fixed to the inner wall of one of the movable side plates; the locking structure includes two locking seats and two locking heads; the two locking seats are symmetrically fixed to the inner walls of the two supporting side plates, and the two locking heads are fixed to the crossbeam; when the second step assembly retracts relative to the first step assembly, each locking head engages with the locking seat at the corresponding position to lock tightly.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the locking structure further includes a pivot pin and a nut seat; the pivot pin is rotatably connected to one of the movable side plates, and the nut seat is fixed to one of the supporting side plates; when the second step assembly retracts relative to the first step assembly, the pivot pin and the nut seat are threaded together.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles also includes two handrails; the two handrails are movably connected to one of the supporting side plates; the handrails have a first state and a second state relative to the supporting side plate, when the handrail is in the first state, the handrail is folded relative to the first step staircase assembly, and when the handrail is in the second state, the handrail is unfolded relative to the first step staircase assembly and is locked.

[0012] In one possible implementation, a guide rod is fixed on the outer wall of each support side plate, and two movable parts are slidably and rotatably sleeved on each guide rod. The lower ends of the two support rods of each handrail movably pass through the two movable parts on the corresponding side and are fixed with limit sleeves. A pin and two insertion sleeves are fixed on the outer wall of each support side plate. When the handrail is in the second state, the lower ends of the two support rods and the two limit sleeves are respectively used to insert into one of the insertion sleeves on the corresponding side, and the pin is used to engage with one of the limit sleeves and the lower end of one of the support rods to lock the handrail.

[0013] In one possible implementation, two limiting notches are provided at the upper edge of each support side plate; when the handrail is in the first state, the two support rods of the handrail are respectively used to embed into one of the limiting notches to make the handrail fold relative to the first step ladder assembly.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles further includes two rotating shafts, two hinge seats, and two limiting blocks symmetrically fixed to the outer walls of two supporting side plates; the two rotating shafts are used to rotatably connect to the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, and the two hinge seats are used to rotatably connect to the drive end of a cylinder mounted on the rail vehicle frame; the cylinder is used to drive the first step staircase assembly and the second step staircase assembly to rotate relative to the rail vehicle frame with the rotating shafts so that the first step staircase assembly and the second step staircase assembly are housed at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame; after the cylinder drives the first step staircase assembly and the second step staircase assembly to rotate out from the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, the two limiting blocks are used to abut against the bottom of the rail vehicle frame. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first three-dimensional structure after the second step assembly is retracted relative to the first step assembly and the handrail is folded relative to the first step assembly;

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle;

[0017] Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram showing the second step assembly extending relative to the first step assembly and the handrail unfolding relative to the first step assembly;

[0018] Figure 4 This is a partially exploded three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the slider, the second stop, and the pivot pin after they are fixed to the movable side plate;

[0020] Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the second three-dimensional structure after the second step assembly is retracted relative to the first step assembly and the handrail is folded relative to the first step assembly;

[0021] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified structural diagram of section B. Detailed Implementation

[0022] First, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely used to explain the technical principles of the embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can make adjustments as needed to adapt to specific application scenarios.

[0023] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0025] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] See Figure 1-7As shown in the figure, this application discloses an emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles, including a first step staircase assembly 1. The first step staircase assembly 1 includes several first steps 11 and support side plates 12 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the several first steps 11. Both ends of each first step 11 are fixed to the corresponding support side plate 12. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles also includes a second step staircase assembly 2. The second step staircase assembly 2 is slidably connected to the lower end of the first step staircase assembly 1 and can extend and retract relative to the first step staircase assembly 1 along the extension direction of the first step staircase assembly 1. A locking structure is provided between the second step staircase assembly 2 and the first step staircase assembly 1. When the second step staircase assembly 2 retracts relative to the first step staircase assembly 1, the locking structure is used to lock the second step staircase assembly 2 and the first step staircase assembly 1.

[0027] In this embodiment, the second step assembly 2 includes a second step 21 and movable side plates 22 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second step 21. The two ends of the second step 21 are respectively fixed to the movable side plates 22 on the corresponding sides. The two movable side plates 22 are slidably connected to one of the supporting side plates 12 so that the second step assembly 2 can extend and retract relative to the first step assembly 1 along the extension direction of the first step assembly 1. With this structure, when the movable side plate slides towards the side closer to the supporting side plate, the second step assembly can retract relative to the first step assembly, thereby reducing the volume of the evacuation staircase when it is not in use. When the movable side plate slides away from the supporting side plate, the second step assembly can extend relative to the first step assembly, thereby increasing the number of steps of the evacuation staircase and facilitating passenger evacuation. Furthermore, since the second step assembly can extend and retract relative to the first step assembly, it has the advantage of adjustable length, making it suitable for rail vehicles of different heights.

[0028] In this embodiment, two guide rails 13 are fixed on the outer wall of each supporting side plate 12, and two sliders 23 are fixed on the inner wall of each movable side plate 22. Each slider 23 is slidably connected to one of the guide rails 13 on the corresponding side. A limiting structure is provided between the second step ladder assembly 2 and the first step ladder assembly 1. The limiting structure is used to limit the lower limit position of the second step ladder assembly 2 when it extends relative to the first step ladder assembly 1. Through the setting of guide rails and sliders, the movable side plate can be reliably slidably connected to the supporting side plate, so that the second step ladder assembly can extend and retract relative to the first step ladder assembly. In addition, under the action of the limiting structure, when the second step ladder assembly extends relative to the first step ladder assembly, the limiting structure can limit the lower limit position of the second step ladder assembly when it extends relative to the first step ladder assembly, thereby preventing the second step ladder assembly from detaching from the first step ladder assembly.

[0029] In this embodiment, the limiting structure includes two first blocks 14 and two second blocks 24. The two first blocks 14 are symmetrically fixed on the outer walls of the lower ends of the two supporting side plates 12, and the two second blocks 24 are symmetrically fixed on the inner walls of the upper ends of the two movable side plates 22. When the second step assembly 2 extends to the lower limit position relative to the first step assembly 1, the lower end of each second block 24 abuts against the upper end of the corresponding first block 14. By adopting this limiting structure, after the second step assembly extends relative to the first step assembly, the lower ends of the two second blocks can abut against the upper end of one of the first blocks, thereby limiting the lower limit position of the second step assembly when it extends relative to the first step assembly and preventing the second step assembly from detaching from the first step assembly.

[0030] In this embodiment, the second step ladder assembly 2 further includes a crossbeam 25, with both ends of the crossbeam 25 fixed to the inner wall of one of the movable side plates 22. The locking structure includes two locking seats 31 and two locking heads 32. The two locking seats 31 are symmetrically fixed to the inner walls of the two supporting side plates 12, and the two locking heads 32 are fixed to the crossbeam 25. When the second step ladder assembly 2 retracts relative to the first step ladder assembly 1, each locking head 32 engages with the corresponding locking seat 31 to lock. With this structure, when the second step ladder assembly retracts relative to the first step ladder assembly, the two locking heads can engage with one of the locking seats respectively, thereby locking the second step ladder assembly and the first step ladder assembly to prevent the second step ladder assembly from freely extending relative to the first step ladder assembly.

[0031] In this embodiment, the locking structure also includes a pivot pin 41 and a nut seat 42; the pivot pin 41 is rotatably connected to one of the movable side plates 22, and the nut seat 42 is fixed to one of the supporting side plates 12; when the second step assembly 2 retracts relative to the first step assembly 1, the pivot pin 41 and the nut seat 42 are threadedly fastened; by adopting this structure, when the second step assembly retracts relative to the first step assembly, the pivot pin can be rotated to make the pivot pin threadedly connected to the nut seat, thereby further locking the second step assembly and the first step assembly, so as to further prevent the second step assembly from freely extending relative to the first step assembly.

[0032] In this embodiment, the emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles also includes two handrails 5; the two handrails 5 are movably connected to one of the supporting side plates 12; the handrails 5 have a first state and a second state relative to the supporting side plate 12. When the handrails 5 are in the first state, the handrails 5 are folded relative to the first step staircase assembly 1. When the handrails 5 are in the second state, the handrails 5 are unfolded relative to the first step staircase assembly 1 and are locked. Through the setting of the handrails, when the evacuation staircase is in normal use, the two handrails can be unfolded relative to the first step staircase assembly, so that when passengers use the evacuation staircase for evacuation, the two handrails can play a protective role for passengers, thereby improving the safety of passengers when using the evacuation staircase for evacuation; when the evacuation staircase is not in use, the two handrails can be folded relative to the first step staircase assembly, thereby reducing the volume and space occupied by the evacuation staircase.

[0033] In this embodiment, a guide rod 61 is fixed on the outer wall of each support side plate 12. Two movable parts 62 are slidably and rotatably sleeved on each guide rod 61. The lower ends of the two support rods 51 of each handrail 5 movably pass through the two movable parts 62 on the corresponding side and are fixed with limit sleeves 52. A pin 71 and two insertion sleeves 72 are fixed on the outer wall of each support side plate 12. When the handrail 5 is in the second state, the lower ends of the two support rods 51 and the two limit sleeves 52 are respectively used to insert into one of the insertion sleeves 72 on the corresponding side, and the pin 71 is used to engage with one of the limit sleeves 52 and the lower end of one of the support rods 51 to lock the handrail 5. With this structure, when the evacuation staircase is in normal use, firstly... The two handrails rotate and open relative to the first step assembly (at this time, the two movable parts can rotate relative to the guide rod). Then, the two handrails slide from bottom to top along the guide rods on the corresponding sides, and then push the handrails towards one side of the support side plate so that the lower ends of the two support rods and the two limiting sleeves are respectively used to insert into one of the corresponding plug sleeves on the side (at this time, both support rods of the handrail can move relative to the movable parts in the corresponding positions). Finally, the plug end of the pin is inserted into one of the limiting sleeves and the lower end of one of the support rods, thus locking the handrails and the support side plate. After the handrails and the support side plate are locked, the handrails can be prevented from shifting when passengers hold the handrails for evacuation, thus improving safety.

[0034] In this embodiment, each support side plate 12 has two limiting notches 121 at its upper edge. When the handrail 5 is in the first state, the two support rods 51 of the handrail 5 are respectively inserted into one of the limiting notches 121 to make the handrail 5 fold relative to the first step ladder assembly 1. With this structure, when the evacuation staircase is not in use, the two support rods of the handrail can be respectively inserted into one of the limiting notches to make the handrail fold relative to the first step ladder assembly, thereby reducing the volume and space occupied by the evacuation staircase. In addition, when the evacuation staircase is finished and the handrail needs to be folded, firstly, the insertion end of the pin is disengaged from the limiting sleeve and the support rod. Then, the handrail is pulled away from the side of the support side plate to make the lower end of the limiting sleeve and the support rod disengage from the insertion sleeve. Then, the two handrails slide down and reset along the guide rod on the corresponding side. Finally, the two handrails are rotated relative to the guide rod by the movable part so that the handrail is folded to the front side of the first step ladder assembly.

[0035] In this embodiment, the emergency rapid evacuation staircase for the rail vehicle further includes two rotating shafts 81, two hinge seats 82, and two limiting blocks 83 symmetrically fixed to the outer walls of two supporting side plates 12. The two rotating shafts 81 are rotatably connected to the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, and the two hinge seats 82 are rotatably connected to the drive end of a cylinder mounted on the rail vehicle frame. The cylinder drives the first step staircase assembly 1 and the second step staircase assembly 2 to rotate relative to the rail vehicle frame around the rotating shafts 81 so that the first step staircase assembly 1 and the second step staircase assembly 2 are housed at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame. After the cylinder drives the first step staircase assembly 1 and the second step staircase assembly 2 to rotate out from the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, the two limiting blocks 83 abut against the bottom of the rail vehicle frame. With this structure, under the action of the two rotating shafts and the two hinge seats, when the cylinder drives the first step staircase assembly and the second step staircase assembly to rotate around the rotating shafts as the center of rotation, the first step staircase assembly 1 and the second step staircase assembly 2 are housed at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame. When the first step ladder assembly and the second step ladder assembly rotate relative to the frame of the rail vehicle, the evacuation staircase can be retracted to the bottom of the rail vehicle frame (when the evacuation staircase is not in use) or rotated out from the bottom of the rail vehicle frame (when the evacuation staircase is in normal use). After the cylinder drives the first step ladder assembly and the second step ladder assembly to rotate out from the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, the two limiting blocks can abut against the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, thereby achieving the supporting and limiting functions of the first step ladder assembly and the second step ladder assembly, so as to facilitate passengers to evacuate using the evacuation staircase. In addition, the structure of the cylinder driving the first step ladder assembly and the second step ladder assembly to rotate relative to the frame of the rail vehicle is similar to the evacuation device, equipment and connection structure of the step ladder assembly and the second drive assembly in a rail vehicle disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No.: CN120363956A. It is prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles, comprising a first step staircase assembly (1), wherein the first step staircase assembly (1) comprises several first steps (11) and supporting side plates (12) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the several first steps (11), wherein both ends of each first step (11) are respectively fixed to the supporting side plate (12) on the corresponding side; characterized in that: The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for the rail vehicle also includes a second staircase assembly (2); the second staircase assembly (2) is slidably connected to the lower end of the first staircase assembly (1) and can extend and retract relative to the first staircase assembly (1) along the extension direction of the first staircase assembly (1); a locking structure is provided between the second staircase assembly (2) and the first staircase assembly (1), and when the second staircase assembly (2) retracts relative to the first staircase assembly (1), the locking structure is used to lock the second staircase assembly (2) and the first staircase assembly (1).

2. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second step assembly (2) includes a second step (21) and movable side plates (22) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the second step (21); the two ends of the second step (21) are respectively fixed to the movable side plates (22) on the corresponding sides; the two movable side plates (22) are respectively slidably connected to one of the supporting side plates (12) so that the second step assembly (2) can extend and retract relative to the first step assembly (1) along the extension direction of the first step assembly (1).

3. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two guide rails (13) are fixed on the outer wall of each of the supporting side plates (12) and spaced back and forth. Two sliders (23) are fixed on the inner wall of each of the movable side plates (22). Each slider (23) is slidably connected to one of the guide rails (13) on the corresponding side. A limit structure is provided between the second step ladder assembly (2) and the first step ladder assembly (1). The limit structure is used to limit the lower limit position of the second step ladder assembly (2) when it extends relative to the first step ladder assembly (1).

4. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting structure includes two first blocks (14) and two second blocks (24); the two first blocks (14) are symmetrically fixed on the outer wall of the lower end of the two supporting side plates (12), and the two second blocks (24) are symmetrically fixed on the inner wall of the upper end of the two movable side plates (22); when the second step assembly (2) extends to the lower limit position relative to the first step assembly (1), the lower end of each second block (24) abuts against the upper end of the corresponding first block (14).

5. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: The second step ladder assembly (2) also includes a crossbeam (25), the two ends of which are fixed to the inner wall of one of the movable side plates (22); the locking structure includes two locking seats (31) and two locking heads (32); the two locking seats (31) are symmetrically fixed on the inner walls of the two supporting side plates (12), and the two locking heads (32) are fixed on the crossbeam (25); when the second step ladder assembly (2) retracts relative to the first step ladder assembly (1), each locking head (32) engages with the locking seat (31) at the corresponding position to lock.

6. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking structure also includes a pivot pin (41) and a nut seat (42); the pivot pin (41) is rotatably connected to one of the movable side plates (22), and the nut seat (42) is fixed to one of the supporting side plates (12); when the second step ladder assembly (2) retracts relative to the first step ladder assembly (1), the pivot pin (41) and the nut seat (42) are threaded together.

7. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1-4 or 6, characterized in that: The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for the rail vehicle also includes two handrails (5); the two handrails (5) are movably connected to one of the supporting side plates (12); the handrails (5) have a first state and a second state relative to the supporting side plate (12). When the handrails (5) are in the first state, the handrails (5) are folded relative to the first step staircase assembly (1). When the handrails (5) are in the second state, the handrails (5) are unfolded relative to the first step staircase assembly (1) and locked.

8. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: Each of the supporting side plates (12) has a guide rod (61) fixed on its outer wall. Each guide rod (61) has two movable parts (62) that can be slidably and rotatably sleeved on it. The lower ends of the two support rods (51) of each handrail (5) can be moved through the two movable parts (62) on the corresponding side and then fixed with a limiting sleeve (52). Each of the supporting side plates (12) has a pin (71) and two plug sleeves (72) fixed on its outer wall. When the handrail (5) is in the second state, the lower ends of the two support rods (51) and the two limiting sleeves (52) are respectively used to insert into one of the plug sleeves (72) on the corresponding side, and the pin (71) is used to cooperate with one of the limiting sleeves (52) and the lower end of one of the support rods (51) to lock the handrail (5).

9. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two limiting notches (121) are provided at the upper edge of each of the support side plates (12); when the handrail (5) is in the first state, the two support rods (51) of the handrail (5) are respectively used to be embedded in one of the limiting notches (121) so that the handrail (5) is folded relative to the first step ladder assembly (1).

10. The emergency rapid evacuation staircase for rail vehicles according to any one of claims 1-4, 6, or 8-9, characterized in that: The emergency rapid evacuation staircase of the rail vehicle also includes two rotating shafts (81), two hinge seats (82), and two limiting blocks (83) symmetrically fixed on the outer walls of the two supporting side plates (12); the two rotating shafts (81) are used to rotatably connect with the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, and the two hinge seats (82) are used to rotatably connect with the drive end of the cylinder installed on the rail vehicle frame. The cylinder is used to drive the first step staircase assembly (1) and the second step staircase assembly (2) to rotate relative to the rail vehicle frame with the rotating shafts (81) so that the first step staircase assembly (1) and the second step staircase assembly (2) are housed at the bottom of the rail vehicle frame; after the cylinder drives the first step staircase assembly (1) and the second step staircase assembly (2) to rotate out from the bottom of the rail vehicle frame, the two limiting blocks (83) are used to abut against the bottom of the rail vehicle frame.

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