Overhead crane type cradle five-axis machining center
By adopting a gantry structure and reinforcing ribs in a crane-type five-axis machining center, the problem of poor tool accessibility in the machining of large parts and heavy cutting is solved, achieving higher rigidity and stability, making it suitable for high-speed heavy cutting machining and improving machining accuracy.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- DONGGUAN SHANGSHI JINGJI EQUIP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing overhead crane-type five-axis machining centers suffer from poor tool accessibility, insufficient rigidity and stability in the machining of large parts and heavy cutting operations, making them particularly unsuitable for fields such as aerospace, shipbuilding, and large mold making.
The gantry structure includes a gantry frame with a waist-shaped curved structure on the outer walls of the first and second columns. There are reinforcing ribs between the bottom of the connecting plate and the inner wall of the column. The base and the gantry frame are reinforced with stiffeners, forming a more spacious machining space and enhancing the overall rigidity and stability. It is suitable for large parts and heavy cutting machining.
It provides a more spacious machining area, enhances the rigidity and stability of the machine tool, reduces the restriction of tool movement, is suitable for high-speed heavy cutting machining, improves machining accuracy, and reduces vibration and deformation.
Smart Images
Figure CN224347516U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and in particular to a cradle-type five-axis machining center. Background Technology
[0002] A five-axis machining center is a machining equipment capable of simultaneous motion control on five coordinate axes, which typically include three linear motion axes (X, Y, and Z axes) and two rotary motion axes. Through the coordinated movement of these five axes, the tool or workpiece can be adjusted at any angle and position in space, thereby enabling high-precision machining of workpieces with complex shapes.
[0003] For example, Chinese patent document CN221658585U discloses a crane-type five-axis CNC machining tool, including a machine tool base, a machine tool cradle on the machine tool base, column assemblies on both sides of the machine tool base, a crossbeam assembly slidably connected to the column assembly, a slide saddle assembly slidably connected to the crossbeam assembly, and a spindle box assembly slidably connected to the middle of the slide saddle assembly; the column assembly, crossbeam assembly, slide saddle assembly and spindle box assembly are all provided with weight-avoiding holes. The frame of this overhead crane-type five-axis CNC machining center consists of a machine base and column assemblies on both sides of the machine base. The two column assemblies connect to the machine base to form a stable support structure. A crossbeam assembly is mounted on the column assemblies. However, due to the layout characteristics of the double column and crossbeam assemblies, certain machining angles and positions of some large workpieces may be interfered with by the column assemblies, resulting in poor tool accessibility. It is generally only suitable for medium or small machining centers for precision machining tasks with high accuracy requirements and small machining ranges. It is not suitable for large parts and heavy cutting in aerospace, shipbuilding, large mold making, and other fields. Furthermore, the double column assembly structure relies mainly on two columns for support. The crossbeam assembly connects the two columns, but its stability is slightly weaker when dealing with complex forces, especially when the crossbeam assembly has a large span, requiring a more complex structural design to ensure stability. Utility Model Content
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a cradle-type five-axis machining center, which is suitable for large parts and heavy cutting, and has good overall rigidity and stability.
[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0006] A five-axis machining center for a cradle-type cradle includes a base, a gantry frame, a cradle assembly, a crossbeam assembly, a sliding saddle assembly, and a spindle box assembly. The gantry frame includes a first column, a second column, and a connecting plate. The first and second columns are respectively mounted on the top sides of the base, and the outer walls of the first and second columns have a waist-shaped curved structure. The connecting plate is integrally formed between the tops of the first and second columns, and a first reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate and the inner sidewalls of the first and second columns. A second reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate and the rear ends of the first and second columns. A clearance space is formed between the front end of the connecting plate and the inner sidewalls of the first and second columns. The cradle assembly is located on the top of the base and in front of the clearance space. The crossbeam assembly is located on the top of the gantry frame and can move back and forth along the X-axis. The sliding saddle assembly is located on the crossbeam assembly and can move left and right along the Y-axis. The spindle box assembly is located on the sliding saddle assembly and can move up and down along the Z-axis.
[0007] In some embodiments, the base has a first cavity at its bottom, and the first cavity has intersecting first reinforcing ribs; the gantry frame has a second cavity at its bottom, and the second cavity has intersecting second reinforcing ribs.
[0008] Compared with the prior art, this utility model achieves at least the following beneficial effects:
[0009] The frame of this utility model consists of a base and a gantry mounted on the base. A crossbeam assembly is located on top of the gantry, providing a more spacious and open machining space. The space below the crossbeam assembly facilitates the clamping and machining of large and complex workpieces. The movement of the cutting tool within this space is less restricted, which is beneficial for multi-angle and multi-directional machining operations. It has advantages for large parts and heavy-duty cutting. The gantry itself is a frame structure, and the addition of the crossbeam assembly further enhances the overall rigidity and stability, making the force transmission more uniform and reasonable, forming a stable mechanical structure. It performs well in resisting cutting forces and torques, and is especially suitable for high-speed and heavy-duty cutting. It can effectively reduce vibration and deformation and ensure machining accuracy. The outer walls of the first and second columns of the gantry are designed as a waist-shaped curved structure, that is, the middle part is relatively narrow and the two ends are wider. This shape can enhance the structural rigidity of the frame composed of the base and the gantry. When bearing the weight of various machine tool components and workpieces, the load is distributed more evenly on the ground, which can better adapt to the stress conditions in different directions and positions, reduce local stress concentration, and thus improve the stability of the entire machine tool structure. Attached Figure Description
[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of this application;
[0011] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram from another perspective of an embodiment of this application;
[0012] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base and gantry frame according to an embodiment of this application;
[0013] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the base and gantry frame from another perspective, representing an embodiment of this application.
[0014] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the beam assembly according to an embodiment of this application;
[0015] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the saddle assembly according to an embodiment of this application;
[0016] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the crossbeam assembly, slide saddle assembly, and spindle box assembly according to an embodiment of this application.
[0017] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Base; 2. Gantry; 21. First column; 22. Second column; 23. Connecting plate; 3. Cradle assembly; 31. A-axis turntable; 32. C-axis worktable; 33. Fixed seat; 4. Crossbeam assembly; 41. Crossbeam body; 42. Triangular support; 5. Saddle assembly; 51. Saddle body; 52. Saddle side; 6. Spindle box assembly; 7. Waist-shaped curved structure; 8. First reinforcing rib; 9. Second reinforcing rib; 10. Clearance space; 20. First cavity; 201. First reinforcing rib; 30. Second cavity; 301. Second reinforcing rib; 40. Accommodation space. 50. Tool magazine holder; 60. First lead screw; 70. First X-axis linear guide; 80. Second X-axis linear guide; 90. First slider; 100. First nut; 200. Second slider; 300. Third cavity; 400. Second lead screw; 500. First Y-axis linear guide; 600. Second Y-axis linear guide; 700. Third slider; 800. Fourth slider; 900. Second nut; 1000. Fifth slider; 2000. Third lead screw; 3000. Sixth slider; 4000. First Z-axis linear guide; 5000. Second Z-axis linear guide; 6000. Third nut. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the present application may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. These embodiments are provided herein to make the disclosure of this application more complete and to fully convey the concept of the present application to those skilled in the art.
[0019] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "several" or "more than" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or it can include contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Moreover, "above," "over," and "on top" of a second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" of a second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0020] like Figures 1-7 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the cradle-type five-axis machining center includes a base 1, a gantry frame 2, a cradle assembly 3, a crossbeam assembly 4, a slide saddle assembly 5, and a spindle box assembly 6.
[0021] The gantry frame 2 includes a first column 21, a second column 22, and a connecting plate 23. The first column 21 and the second column 22 are respectively installed on the top sides of the base 1, and the outer walls of the first column 21 and the second column 22 are provided with a waist-shaped curved structure 7. The connecting plate 23 is integrally formed between the top of the first column 21 and the second column 22, and the bottom of the connecting plate 23 is provided with a first reinforcing rib 8 between the inner wall of the first column 21 and the inner wall of the second column 22. The bottom of the connecting plate 23 is connected to the rear end of the first column 21 and the rear end of the second column 22. A second reinforcing rib 9 is provided between the rear ends of the column 22, and a clearance space 10 is formed between the front end of the connecting plate 23 and the inner sidewalls of the first column 21 and the second column 22; the cradle assembly 3 is located on the top of the base 1 and in front of the clearance space 10; the crossbeam assembly 4 is located on the top of the gantry 2 and can drive the cutter to move back and forth along the X-axis; the sliding saddle assembly 5 is located on the crossbeam assembly 4 and can drive the cutter to move left and right along the Y-axis; the spindle box assembly 6 is located on the sliding saddle assembly 5 and can drive the cutter to move up and down along the Z-axis.
[0022] It should be noted that the crossbeam assembly 4 is located at the top of the gantry 2, providing a more spacious and open machining space. The space below the crossbeam assembly 4 facilitates the clamping and machining of large and complex workpieces, with less restriction on the movement of the cutting tool within the space. This is beneficial for multi-angle and multi-directional machining operations, offering advantages for large parts and heavy-duty cutting. The gantry 2 itself is a frame structure, and the addition of the crossbeam assembly 4 further enhances its overall rigidity and stability, making force transmission more uniform and reasonable, forming a stable mechanical structure. This results in better resistance to cutting forces and torques, making it particularly suitable for high-speed and heavy-duty cutting, effectively reducing vibration and deformation, and ensuring machining accuracy. The outer walls of the first column 21 and the second column 22 of the gantry 2 are designed as a waist-shaped bend. Structure 7, with a relatively narrow middle section and wider ends, enhances the structural rigidity of the frame composed of the base 1 and the gantry 2. When bearing the weight of various machine tool components and workpieces, it distributes the load more evenly on the ground, better adapting to stress conditions in different directions and positions, reducing local stress concentration, and thus improving the stability of the entire machine tool structure. Moreover, the waist-shaped curved structure 7 lowers and rationally distributes the center of gravity, making the machine tool less prone to tipping over when subjected to external forces. At the same time, a first reinforcing rib 8 is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate 23 and the inner sidewall of the first column 21 and the inner sidewall of the second column 22, and a second reinforcing rib 9 is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate 23 and the rear end of the first column 21 and the rear end of the second column 22, which enhances the structural rigidity of the gantry 2.
[0023] Furthermore, the base 1 has a first cavity 20 at its bottom, and the first cavity 20 contains crisscrossing first reinforcing ribs 201; the gantry 2 has a second cavity 30 at its bottom, and the second cavity 30 contains crisscrossing second reinforcing ribs 301. The arrangement of the first cavity 20, the first reinforcing ribs 201, the second cavity 30, and the second reinforcing ribs 301 reduces the material cost of the base 1 and the gantry 2, while also enhancing their structural rigidity and ensuring the machine tool's accuracy and stability.
[0024] In this embodiment, a receiving space 40 is formed between the gantry 2 and the base 1, and a tool magazine 50 is provided in the receiving space 40, which is installed on the top of the base 1. By setting the tool magazine 50, it is convenient to automatically change the tool on the electric spindle of the spindle box assembly 6, without having to manually change the tool after the machine tool stops working, thus improving the machining efficiency of the machine tool.
[0025] In this embodiment, the top of the gantry frame 2 is provided with a first lead screw 60, at least two first X-axis linear guides 70 and at least two second X-axis linear guides 80 along the X-axis direction. The first lead screw 60 is driven by a first driving device. Preferably, two first X-axis linear guides 70 and two second X-axis linear guides 80 are provided. The two first X-axis linear guides 70 are located on both sides of the first lead screw 60, and the two second X-axis linear guides 80 are located on the outside of the two first X-axis linear guides 70. The crossbeam assembly 4 includes a crossbeam body 41 and a triangular support 42 integrally formed on the rear side of the crossbeam body 41. The bottom of the triangular support 42 is provided with a first slider 90 that is slidably connected to the first X-axis linear guide 70, and also provides an integrally formed first nut seat. The first nut seat is equipped with a first nut 100 that is driven by the first lead screw 60. The bottom sides of the crossbeam body 41 are provided with second sliders 200 that are slidably connected to the second X-axis linear guides 80. It should be noted that by laying four linear guide rails flat on the top of the gantry 2, and connecting the crossbeam assembly 4 with the four linear guide rails through the first slider 90 and the second slider 200, the overall structural rigidity of the machine tool can be enhanced, the deformation of the machine tool under stress can be reduced, and the smooth operation of the machine tool can be ensured.
[0026] Furthermore, a third cavity 300 is provided on the rear side of the main body of the crossbeam 41, and a third reinforcing rib is provided in the third cavity 300. By setting the third cavity 300 and the third reinforcing rib, the weight of the main body of the crossbeam 41 can be reduced, so as to reduce the burden on the first drive device during operation and reduce the material cost of the main body of the crossbeam 41. At the same time, the structural rigidity of the main body of the crossbeam 41 can be enhanced, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the machine tool.
[0027] On the side of the crossbeam body 41 away from the triangular support 42, along the Y-axis, there is a second lead screw 400, a first Y-axis linear guide 500, and a second Y-axis linear guide 600. The second lead screw 400 is connected to a second driving device. The first Y-axis linear guide 500 is located above the second lead screw 400, and the second Y-axis linear guide 600 is located below the second lead screw 400. The slide saddle assembly 5 includes a slide saddle body 51. The slide saddle body 51 is provided with a third slider 700 and a fourth slider 800 that are slidably connected to the first Y-axis linear guide 500 and the second Y-axis linear guide 600, respectively. It is also provided with an integrally formed second nut seat. The second nut seat is equipped with a second nut 900 that is connected to the second lead screw 400. It should be noted that the crossbeam assembly 4 consists of a crossbeam body 41 and a triangular support 42. The triangular support 42 is located on the rear side of the crossbeam body 41. The triangular support 42 is connected to the first X-axis linear guide rail 70 and the first lead screw 60 of the gantry frame 2 through the first slider 90 and the first nut 100. The slide saddle body 51 is connected to the front side of the crossbeam body 41. The triangular support 42 can balance the weight of the slide saddle body 51 and ensure the smooth operation of the machine tool.
[0028] Furthermore, the slide saddle assembly 5 also includes a slide saddle side portion 52, which is integrally formed on both sides of the slide saddle body 51, and the inner sidewall of the slide saddle side portion 52 is provided with a plurality of fifth sliders 1000 along the Z-axis direction; the slide saddle body 51 is provided with a third lead screw 2000 and a plurality of sixth sliders 3000 along the Z-axis direction on the side away from the crossbeam body 41, the third lead screw 2000 is drivenly connected to a third drive device, and the plurality of sixth sliders 3000 are located on both sides of the third lead screw 2000; the spindle box assembly 6 is provided with a first Z-axis linear guide rail 4000 and a second Z-axis linear guide rail 5000 respectively adapted to the fifth sliders 1000 and the sixth sliders 3000 along the Z-axis direction, and is also provided with an integrally formed third nut seat, on which a third nut 6000 is installed that is drivenly connected to the third lead screw 2000.
[0029] In this embodiment, the cradle assembly 3 includes an A-axis turntable 31, a C-axis worktable 32, and two fixed seats 33. The two fixed seats 33 are mounted on the top of the base 1. The two ends of the A-axis turntable 31 are rotatably connected to the two fixed seats 33 respectively, and the C-axis worktable 32 is rotatably connected to the A-axis turntable 31.
[0030] In this embodiment, a waste chip funnel and a waste chip channel communicating with the waste chip funnel are provided on the base 1 below the cradle assembly 3. The two ends of the waste chip channel penetrate the two side walls of the base 1 respectively. By providing a waste chip funnel below the cradle assembly 3, it is convenient to collect the waste chips generated by the machine tool processing, and the waste chips collected in the waste chip funnel can be cleaned out of the machine tool through the openings at both ends of the waste chip channel.
[0031] When in use, the crossbeam assembly 4 can drive the tool to move back and forth along the X-axis, the slide saddle assembly 5 can drive the tool to move left and right along the Y-axis, the spindle box assembly 6 can drive the tool to move up and down along the Z-axis, and the part mounted on the C-axis worktable 32 can rotate and swing relative to the base 1, so that the part and the tool have five degrees of freedom during the machine tool processing.
[0032] It should be understood that all the above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Any modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments described above under the concept of this utility model shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of this utility model.
Claims
1. A five-axis machining center for overhead crane-type cradles, characterized in that: Includes base, gantry, cradle assembly, crossbeam assembly, saddle assembly, and spindle box assembly; The gantry frame includes a first column, a second column, and a connecting plate. The first column and the second column are respectively installed on the top two sides of the base, and the outer side walls of the first column and the second column are provided with a waist-shaped curved structure. The connecting plate is integrally formed between the top of the first column and the second column, and a first reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate and the inner side wall of the first column and the inner side wall of the second column. A second reinforcing rib is provided between the bottom of the connecting plate and the rear end of the first column and the rear end of the second column. An avoidance space is formed between the front end of the connecting plate and the inner side wall of the first column and the second column. The cradle assembly is located on top of the base and in front of the clearance space; The crossbeam assembly is located on the top of the gantry and can move back and forth along the X-axis. The sliding saddle assembly is mounted on the crossbeam assembly and can move left and right along the Y-axis. The spindle box assembly is mounted on the slide saddle assembly and can move up and down along the Z-axis.
2. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base has a first cavity at its bottom, and the first cavity has crisscrossing first reinforcing ribs inside; the gantry frame has a second cavity at its bottom, and the second cavity has crisscrossing second reinforcing ribs inside.
3. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gantry frame and the base form an enclosure space, and the enclosure space is equipped with a tool magazine rack, which is installed on top of the base.
4. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the gantry frame is provided with a first lead screw, at least two first X-axis linear guides, and at least two second X-axis linear guides along the X-axis direction. The first lead screw is driven by a first driving device. The first X-axis linear guides are located on both sides of the first lead screw, and the second X-axis linear guides are located outside the first X-axis linear guides. The crossbeam assembly includes a crossbeam body and a triangular support integrally formed on the rear side of the crossbeam body. The bottom of the triangular support is provided with a first slider that is slidably connected to the first X-axis linear guide, and also provides an integrally formed first nut seat. The first nut seat is equipped with a first nut that is driven by the first lead screw. The bottom of the crossbeam body is provided with a second slider that is slidably connected to the second X-axis linear guide.
5. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main body of the crossbeam has a third cavity on its rear side, and the third cavity is provided with crisscrossing third reinforcing ribs.
6. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crossbeam body is provided with a second lead screw, a first Y-axis linear guide, and a second Y-axis linear guide along the Y-axis direction on the side away from the triangular support. The second lead screw is driven by a second driving device. The first Y-axis linear guide is located above the second lead screw, and the second Y-axis linear guide is located below the second lead screw. The slide saddle assembly includes a slide saddle body, on which a third slider and a fourth slider are respectively slidably connected to the first Y-axis linear guide and the second Y-axis linear guide. It also has an integrally formed second nut seat, on which a second nut is installed that is driven by the second lead screw.
7. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 6, characterized in that: The slide saddle assembly also includes a slide saddle side portion, which is integrally formed on both sides of the slide saddle body, and the inner sidewall of the slide saddle side portion is provided with a plurality of fifth sliders along the Z-axis direction; the slide saddle body is provided with a third lead screw and a plurality of sixth sliders along the Z-axis direction on the side away from the crossbeam body, the third lead screw is driven and connected to a third driving device, and the plurality of sixth sliders are located on both sides of the third lead screw; the spindle box assembly is provided with a first Z-axis linear guide and a second Z-axis linear guide respectively adapted to the fifth sliders and the sixth sliders along the Z-axis direction, and is also provided with an integrally formed third nut seat, on which a third nut is installed that is driven and connected to the third lead screw.
8. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cradle assembly includes an A-axis turntable, a C-axis worktable, and two fixed seats. The two fixed seats are mounted on the top of the base. The two ends of the A-axis turntable are rotatably connected to the two fixed seats respectively, and the C-axis worktable is rotatably connected to the A-axis turntable.
9. The five-axis machining center for cradle-type cranes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is provided with a waste hopper and a waste channel communicating with the waste hopper below the cradle assembly. The two ends of the waste channel pass through the two side walls of the base respectively.