An insulating bushing for an insulating fastener system
By using insulating buffer sleeves in the rail transit fastening system, the problems of insufficient drainage design and poor insulation durability are solved, achieving efficient drainage and improved insulation performance, reducing maintenance costs and minimizing stray current corrosion of equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HEBEI ZHONGSHUO RAIL TECH CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-24
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
AI Technical Summary
In the field of rail transit, existing stray current protection solutions suffer from problems such as insufficient drainage design, poor insulation protection durability, and high maintenance costs, resulting in severe corrosion of pipeline equipment and railway products by stray currents, which is difficult to eradicate.
An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system is designed. By setting up a combination of water-blocking structure, water-guiding groove and drainage outlet, localized and organized waterproofing and drainage can be achieved, creepage distance can be increased and stray current generation can be reduced.
It achieves efficient drainage, improves insulation performance, reduces maintenance costs, ensures the stability and insulation performance of the fastener system, and reduces the corrosion of equipment by stray current.
Smart Images
Figure CN224351031U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rail transit, specifically to an insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system. Background Technology
[0002] Stray current refers to current flowing outside the designed or specified circuit, also known as "stray current". In the field of rail transit, due to the lack of systematic drainage design and small creepage distance of railway fasteners, a certain amount of stray current is inevitably generated in the return system formed by the running rails. The corrosion caused by stray current to pipeline equipment and railway products seriously shortens the service life of related products.
[0003] In the field of rail transit, the existing stray current protection schemes in China have the following technical defects: (1) Insufficient drainage design: Traditional fasteners lack a systematic drainage structure, and water easily accumulates between the iron pad and the sleeper (track slab), forming a conductive water film, which significantly shortens the creepage distance between the two and aggravates the risk of stray current leakage; (2) Insulation protection defects: Existing stray current protection mainly relies on manual coating of insulating coating or pasting of insulating materials, which has low construction efficiency and poor durability. Long-term train vibration, changes in environmental temperature and humidity and oil penetration can easily lead to coating peeling and cracking, accelerating the decay of insulation performance and further reducing the rail-to-ground transition resistance; (3) High maintenance cost: After the insulation layer fails, it needs to be repaired frequently, forming a vicious cycle of "high investment and low effect", and the electrochemical corrosion problem of stray current on underground pipelines and trackside equipment is also difficult to eradicate. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system, which solves the problems of existing stray current protection schemes proposed in the background art. The insulating buffer sleeve achieves localized and organized waterproofing and drainage, effectively preventing the formation of a water film between the iron pad and the sleeper (track slab), increasing the creepage distance between the iron pad and the sleeper (track slab), and reducing the generation of stray current.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system, comprising a sleeve body located below the iron pad of the fastener system, the sleeve body being in a wrapping fit with the iron pad of the fastener system, a water-blocking structure being provided around the body of the insulating buffer sleeve, the water-blocking structure forming an internal working surface of the sleeve body, and a waterproof eaves being provided at the top of the water-blocking structure, a water-guiding structure being provided on the internal working surface of the sleeve body, and drain outlets being provided at the four corners of the sleeve body, so that the water accumulated in the internal working surface of the sleeve body can be discharged from the drain outlets along the water-guiding structure;
[0006] The water-guiding structure is a water-guiding channel set on the internal working surface of the sleeve, and the water-guiding channel is arranged in a crisscross pattern.
[0007] The slope of the top of the waterproof eaves shall not be less than 1:7.5;
[0008] A water distribution platform is provided at the drain outlet of the sleeve, and the upper surface of the water distribution platform is a slope that is higher on the inside and lower on the outside.
[0009] To further optimize this utility model, the following technical solutions may be preferred:
[0010] Preferably, bolt holes are provided at diagonal positions on the sleeve body, and a water guide platform is provided at the bolt holes. The upper surface of the water guide platform is sloping and used to guide the water into the sleeve body.
[0011] Preferably, the bottom of the bolt hole is provided with a drainage funnel, and the bottom of the drainage funnel is provided with a drainage groove.
[0012] Preferably, the slope of the water guide platform and the diversion funnel are both not less than 1:7.5.
[0013] Preferably, the waterproof eaves are disconnected from the under-rail pad flip-down structure to increase the tightness of the fit between the under-rail pad and the insulating buffer sleeve.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:
[0015] (I) Multi-level waterproof and drainage design to achieve efficient water drainage
[0016] ① Coordination of external water barrier and top drainage
[0017] The surrounding water-retaining structure forms a physical barrier, enclosing the sleeve as an independent internal working surface and preventing external water flow from directly contacting the core components. The top waterproof eaves (slope ≥ 1:7.5) guide water flowing down from the drain eaves of the iron pad along the outside of the waterproof eaves, preventing water from flowing back into the gap between the sleeve and the iron pad, achieving dual waterproofing through "external interception + top drainage". The waterproof eaves at the interface with the rail pad are disconnected, allowing water drained from the rail pad to flow directly out of the sleeve, preventing water from stagnating at the interface and improving waterproof sealing.
[0018] ② Rapid flow diversion from internal working surfaces
[0019] The crisscrossing water channels form a grid-like drainage network. When a small amount of water seeps into the internal working surface, it can quickly converge to the four corner drains through the channels, shortening the water retention time and preventing prolonged immersion of insulating components. The three-dimensional layout of the water channels adapts to multi-directional water flow guidance, improving drainage efficiency.
[0020] ③ Enhanced drainage through corner drainage and spillway platforms
[0021] The four corner drainage outlets serve as centralized drainage channels, directly connecting to the drainage platform (sloping inwards and outwards), allowing water to flow quickly along the slope to the outside of the fasteners. The drainage platform not only increases the drainage slope but also improves insulation performance by extending the water flow path (increasing the creepage distance), achieving dual optimization of drainage and insulation.
[0022] ④ Special waterproof drainage for bolt holes
[0023] The water guide platform (sloping) diverts water droplets and flow around the bolt holes of the iron pad to the inside of the sleeve, preventing direct seepage into the bolt sleeve. The bottom drainage funnel and drainage channel form a relay channel, guiding the water flow along the sloping funnel to exit the sleeve. Combined with the water-blocking slope of the bolt sleeve, this forms a three-level protection system of "water guiding → water distribution → drainage," ensuring no water accumulation in the bolt hole area. The slope of the water guide platform and drainage funnel is ≥1:7.5, ensuring that even under conditions of a 150mm rail superelevation and a fastener bottom slope, the water flow can still overcome gravity and exit along the designed path, avoiding drainage failure due to insufficient slope.
[0024] (ii) Improved insulation performance and maintenance of system stability
[0025] ① Creepage distance optimization: By increasing the distance between the fasteners and the track bed surface (extending the current leakage path), the creepage distance between the iron pad and the grounding component is improved, reducing the risk of stray current leakage.
[0026] ②The three-dimensional structure of the water channel is not only used for drainage, but also increases the path length of the insulating surface through the concave and convex design, further isolating the current path and strengthening the insulation performance.
[0027] ③ The synergistic effect of waterproofing and insulation: efficient drainage reduces aging and corrosion of insulating components (such as rail pads and iron plates) caused by long-term immersion in water, and avoids insulation failure caused by material deterioration. The enveloping fit design of the water-blocking structure ensures that the gap between the sleeve and the rail pads and iron plates is always dry, maintaining a stable insulation state of the fastener system.
[0028] (III) Structural Adaptability and Operating Condition Adaptability
[0029] ① The wrap-around fit enhances stability. The wrap-around fit between the sleeve and the iron pad forms a tight connection through physical nesting, reducing component displacement under vibration or load and improving the overall stability of the fastener system. At the same time, the precise design of the fit clearance (such as a 1-3mm gap between the water guide platform and the bottom of the iron pad) balances drainage smoothness and structural reliability.
[0030] ② Reliability under complex working conditions: All sloping structures (waterproof eaves, drainage platforms, water guide platforms, drainage bell mouths, etc.) adopt a uniform slope of ≥1:7.5, which is compatible with common rail bottom slopes (such as 1:40) and track superelevation (maximum 150mm) in rail transit, ensuring that the drainage path remains efficient and unobstructed no matter how the train travels or the road conditions change, and avoiding drainage failure caused by fluctuations in working conditions.
[0031] ③ The modular design facilitates maintenance; the independent insulating buffer sleeve structure can be disassembled and replaced individually, reducing maintenance costs. Components such as the water inlet and outlet can be visually inspected or cleaned with simple tools, facilitating regular maintenance and ensuring stable drainage performance during long-term use. Attached Figure Description
[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the insulating buffer sleeve;
[0033] Figure 2 A bottom view of the insulating buffer sleeve.
[0034] Figure 3 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the insulating buffer sleeve.
[0035] 1. Sleeve body; 2. Bolt holes; 3. Internal working surface; 10. Water-blocking structure; 11. Waterproof eaves; 12. Drain outlet; 13. Water diversion channel; 14. Water distribution platform; 15. Water guide platform; 16. Drainage funnel mouth; 17. Drainage channel. Detailed Implementation
[0036] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0037] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0038] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-3An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system includes a sleeve body 1 located below the iron pad of the fastener system. The sleeve body and the iron pad of the fastener system are fitted together in a wrapping manner. A water-blocking structure 10 is designed around the sleeve body, forming an internal working surface 3. The water-blocking structure is designed with a waterproof eave 11 at the top. A water-guiding structure is designed on the internal working surface of the sleeve body, and drain outlets 12 are opened at the four corners of the sleeve body. Water accumulated in the internal working surface of the sleeve body can be discharged from the drain outlets along the water-guiding structure. The water-guiding structure is a water-guiding channel 13 designed on the internal working surface of the insulating buffer sleeve. The water-guiding channel is arranged in a crisscross pattern. A water-spreading platform 14 is designed at the drain outlet of the insulating buffer sleeve. The upper surface of the water-spreading platform 14 is sloping with the inner side higher than the outer side. Bolt holes 2 are provided at diagonal positions on the sleeve body 1. A water guide platform 15 is designed at the bolt holes 2 of the insulating buffer sleeve. The upper surface of the water guide platform 15 is sloping to guide water droplets and water flow into the insulating buffer sleeve. A drainage flare 16 is provided at the bottom of the bolt holes of the insulating buffer sleeve. A water-blocking slope is designed on the upper surface of the bolt sleeve to cooperate with the drainage flare at the bottom of the bolt holes of the insulating buffer sleeve to discharge the water in the bolt holes to the outside of the bolt sleeve. A drainage groove 17 is provided at the bottom of the drainage flare. The water discharged into the drainage flare can be discharged out of the fastener along the drainage groove. The slope of the waterproof eaves, water guide platform and drainage flare of the insulating buffer sleeve is not less than 1:7.5 to ensure that the drainage effect is not affected by the slope of the fastener rail bottom and the 150mm rail superelevation.
[0039] Internal drainage path of this insulating buffer sleeve
[0040] (1) Rapid drainage of water in the working face water diversion channel
[0041] Interwoven water channels: The water channels inside the insulating buffer sleeve are distributed in a grid pattern. When a small amount of water seeps into the interior, it can quickly converge to the four corner drain outlets through the channels. The slope design of the water channels ensures that water flows quickly without stagnation.
[0042] (2) The four corner drainage outlets are linked to the drainage platform.
[0043] Centralized drainage: Water collected in the water inlet channel is discharged through the drainage outlets at the four corners of the insulating buffer sleeve, falling directly into the enlarged drainage platform. The upper surface of the drainage platform has an inner slope that is higher than the outer slope, guiding the water flow to flow quickly along the slope towards the outside of the fastener, while increasing the creepage distance between the fastener and the track bed surface.
[0044] (3) Special drainage channel for bolt holes
[0045] The water is guided to the inside of the buffer sleeve by the water guide platform (with a sloping upper surface) at the bolt holes of the iron pad. The water droplets and water flow around the bolt holes of the insulating buffer sleeve are guided to the inside of the insulating buffer sleeve by the water guide platform (with a sloping upper surface). The gap between the water guide platform and the bottom of the iron pad is 1-3mm, forming a dedicated water flow channel to prevent water from directly seeping into the bolt sleeve.
[0046] The drainage funnel and drainage trough work together: Water flowing into the bolt hole of the insulating buffer sleeve flows along the bottom of the bolt hole through the drainage funnel (slope ≥ 1:7.5) to the outside of the bolt sleeve, and then through the drainage trough at the bottom of the drainage funnel to the outside of the fastener. The gap between the drainage funnel and the water-blocking slope of the bolt sleeve is 1-3mm to ensure that water does not enter the inside of the bolt sleeve.
[0047] Finally, it should be noted that the above are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system, characterized in that: The device includes a sleeve located below the iron pad of the fastening system. The sleeve is fitted with the iron pad of the fastening system in a wrapping manner. A water-blocking structure is provided around the main body of the insulating buffer sleeve, which encloses the sleeve to form an internal working surface. A waterproof eave is provided on the top of the water-blocking structure. A water-guiding structure is provided on the internal working surface of the sleeve. Drainage outlets are provided at the four corners of the sleeve. Water accumulated in the internal working surface of the sleeve can be discharged from the drainage outlets along the water-guiding structure. The water-guiding structure is a water-guiding channel set on the internal working surface of the sleeve, and the water-guiding channel is arranged in a crisscross pattern. The slope of the top of the waterproof eaves shall not be less than 1:7.5; A water distribution platform is provided at the drain outlet of the sleeve, and the upper surface of the water distribution platform is a slope that is higher on the inside and lower on the outside.
2. An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Bolt holes are provided at diagonal positions on the sleeve body, and water guide platforms are provided at the bolt holes. The upper surface of the water guide platform is sloping and used to guide water into the sleeve body.
3. An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the bolt hole is provided with a drainage flare, and the bottom of the drainage flare is provided with a drainage groove.
4. An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The slope of the water guide platform and the diversion funnel are both not less than 1:7.
5.
5. An insulating buffer sleeve for an insulating fastener system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The waterproof eaves are disconnected from the under-rail pad's flip-down structure to increase the tightness of the fit between the under-rail pad and the insulating buffer sleeve.