Galling ring and non-metallic lock nut comprising the same

Abstract

The utility model relates to the improvement of the prior art nonmetal locking nut, and relates to a friction-increasing ring (1) for increasing friction, characterized in that: no inner protrusion (3) is arranged on one side of the inner ring (6) of the ring seat, and at least one inner protrusion (3) in the form of a sector (4), a crescent (5) or an eccentric circle (26) is arranged on the other side, thereby forming an asymmetric friction-increasing ring (1). The friction-increasing ring (1) is riveted and pressed on the step (14), thereby forming a new nonmetal locking nut (13). The anti-loosening method is that the friction-increasing ring (1) pushes the outer thread (24) of the bolt to one side in a transverse direction, and axially extrudes the outer thread (24) of the bolt, so that the inner thread (23) of the nonmetal locking nut is decentered on the outer thread (24) of the bolt, the gap (22) is fully decentered, and the screw is expanded to form two sawtooth wave peak and valley tooth engagement. With the increase of the pre-tightening force, the friction coefficient is increased, the friction force is very large, and the anti-loosening performance is greatly improved. The anti-loosening technology and product are used for the anti-loosening fastening of various vibrating mechanical equipment and facilities.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of anti-loosening fasteners, and in particular to friction-enhancing rings for increasing friction on non-metallic lock nuts, non-metallic lock nuts, and methods for preventing loosening. Background Technology

[0002] The existing ISO 7041 standard is a standard for non-metallic hexagonal lock nuts, "Type 2 Non-metallic Insert Hexagonal Lock Nut". Its characteristic is that a special non-metallic ring is fixed in the nut body, and there is a clamping step at the top of the nut for fixing the non-metallic ring. The non-metallic ring is clamped and fixed under the clamping step at the top of the nut body. The non-metallic ring described here undergoes elastic deformation during tightening, creating new threads that increase the contact area and friction. During vibration, the elastic restoring force of the non-metallic ring counteracts the loosening tendency. Since its function is to increase the friction between the nut and bolt, it is referred to as a "friction-increasing ring" in this case. Because the structure of this friction-increasing ring is radially symmetrical, the unfolding of the nut's internal thread and the bolt's external thread is actually two parallel helical tooth surfaces. This inevitably leads to slippage and rubbing under strong vibration conditions, causing the nut to loosen and turn. In actual tests, with an amplitude of ±0.8mm, a frequency of 12.5Hz, a preload of 68KN, and 2000 vibrations, only about 20% of the residual axial force remains, far from meeting the requirements for fastening and preventing loosening of mechanical equipment and facilities under strong vibration. Its axially symmetrical design of the nut means that the frictional force cannot change its axially symmetrical design and uniform distribution along the circumference, inevitably resulting in the spiraling, slipping, and loosening of the nut's internal thread and the bolt's external thread. Utility Model Content

[0003] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, this invention aims to provide a friction-enhancing ring, a non-metallic locking nut, and a method for preventing loosening, which can significantly improve the anti-loosening performance under strong vibration conditions and ensure that the internal thread of the nut is firmly locked on the external thread of the bolt without rotation, slippage, or loosening.

[0004] The friction-enhancing ring provided in this case consists of a circular ring seat and an inner protrusion. The concave arc of the inner protrusion faces the axis of the non-metallic locking nut. The convex arc of the inner protrusion is connected to the inner ring of the circular ring seat as a single unit. Its characteristic is that:

[0005] On one side of the inner ring of the annular ring seat, there are no inner protrusions; on the other side of the inner ring of the annular ring seat, there is at least one inner protrusion, which is connected to each other to form a friction-increasing ring, and the friction-increasing ring is asymmetrical.

[0006] The inner protrusion may be fan-shaped, crescent-shaped, or eccentrically circular.

[0007] The outer periphery of the friction-enhancing ring is such that it can be radially embedded within the inner riveting edge of one end of the nut.

[0008] The thickness h of the friction-enhancing ring is 1 / 2 to 2 times the pitch of the internal thread of the non-metallic lock nut, including 1 / 2 times or 2 times.

[0009] The inner diameter of the friction-enhancing ring seat is larger than the large diameter D of the internal thread of the non-metallic lock nut;

[0010] The inner diameter of the inner protrusion on the friction-enhancing ring is smaller than the small diameter d of the internal thread of the non-metallic lock nut;

[0011] The curvature of the inner protrusion is π / 6 to 5π / 6;

[0012] Preferably, the curvature of the inner protrusion is π / 3 to 2π / 3;

[0013] The friction-enhancing ring is made of an elastic non-metallic material;

[0014] The elastic nonmetallic material includes: nylon, plastic, rubber, or other nonmetallic materials.

[0015] The non-metallic locking nut structure processed from the aforementioned friction-enhancing ring is characterized in that: the circumference of the friction-enhancing ring is radially embedded in the inward riveting edge at one end of the non-metallic locking nut body, between the ring and the step of the non-metallic locking nut body, and is fixed by riveting. The inner diameter of the inward riveting edge is just large enough to accommodate the outer diameter of the friction-enhancing ring, and is radially riveted. The thickness of the friction-enhancing ring is sufficient to be axially riveted between the inward riveting edge at one end of the non-metallic locking nut and the step, so that it cannot rotate or loosen when the non-metallic locking nut is pre-tightened.

[0016] The installation and use structure of the non-metallic locking nut described in this case is as follows: the tail end of the bolt is passed through the screw holes of the lower and upper fasteners, and the non-metallic locking nut described in this case is screwed onto the exposed tail end of the bolt. The asymmetrical non-metallic ring is spirally squeezed into a new thread by the bolt. The annular plane at one end of the non-metallic locking nut contacts the surface around the screw hole of the upper fastener, and is pre-tightened.

[0017] The anti-loosening method of the non-metallic lock nut described in this case is as follows: the inner arc-shaped edge of the upper inner protrusion of the pre-tightened non-metallic lock nut is tightly opened by the pre-tightened bolt external thread, squeezing the uppermost engagement bolt external thread, and has a certain downward frictional pressure in the axial direction. At the same time, because the inner diameter of the inner protrusion is smaller than the large diameter D of the non-metallic lock nut's internal thread, that is, the outer diameter of the bottom of the bolt external thread, it pushes the screw to one side laterally. At this time, the non-metallic lock nut and the screw are not coaxial, and the threads engage at an angle, that is, the non-metallic lock nut is... Due to downward frictional pressure and asymmetrical thrust to one side, the non-metallic lock nut on the screw is tilted. Within the allowable range of the gap between the internal thread of the non-metallic lock nut and the external thread of the bolt, one side is higher and the other side is lower, allowing for a full tilt. This causes the internal thread of the non-metallic lock nut and the external thread of the bolt to spiral out and form two sawtooth-shaped peak-valve staggered teeth meshing. As the preload increases, the coefficient of friction becomes very large, and the friction between the two becomes very large, thus significantly improving the anti-loosening performance.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, this utility model does not add any parts or increase any cost. Instead, it removes the inner protrusion on the other side of the symmetrical structure and replaces it with an asymmetrical friction ring structure. The parallel rubbing friction of the threads is replaced with the staggered meshing of the sawtooth wave peaks and valleys. The friction force increases with the preload and tends to be infinite. This locking structure makes the asymmetrical non-metallic locking nut lock on the bolt. Its anti-loosening performance is significantly improved by several times compared with the existing symmetrical non-metallic locking nuts, and an unexpected anti-loosening effect is achieved. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is one of the main views of the friction-enhancing ring described in this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The left view;

[0021] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The right view;

[0022] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of the non-metallic locking nut of the friction-enhancing ring;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a utility model Figure 4 Front view of the non-metallic lock nut;

[0024] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Top view;

[0025] Figure 7 This is the second front view of the friction-enhancing ring described in this utility model;

[0026] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 The left view;

[0027] Figure 9 yes Figure 7 The right view;

[0028] Figure 10 yes Figure 7 A perspective view of the non-metallic locking nut of the friction-enhancing ring;

[0029] Figure 11 This is a utility model Figure 10 Front view of the non-metallic lock nut;

[0030] Figure 12 yes Figure 11 Top view;

[0031] Figure 13 This is the third front view of the friction-enhancing ring described in this utility model;

[0032] Figure 14 yes Figure 13 The left view;

[0033] Figure 15 yes Figure 13 The right view;

[0034] Figure 16 yes Figure 13 A perspective view of the non-metallic locking nut of the friction-enhancing ring;

[0035] Figure 17 This is a utility model Figure 16 Front view of the non-metallic lock nut;

[0036] Figure 18 yes Figure 17 Top view;

[0037] Figure 19 This is a utility model Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 16 A schematic diagram illustrating the structure of the non-metallic lock nut.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1. Friction-increasing ring 2. Left-hand or right-hand helical thread

[0040] 3. Inner protrusion 4. Fan-shaped

[0041] 5. Crescent-shaped inner ring of the 6th ring seat.

[0042] 7. Inward riveting edge 8. Thickness h of the friction-enhancing ring

[0043] 9. Inner diameter of the ring seat 10. Larger diameter D of the nut's internal thread

[0044] 11. Inner radius of the inner protrusion 12. Small diameter d of the nut's internal thread

[0045] 13. Non-metallic lock nut 14. Step

[0046] 15. Non-metallic lock nut body 16. Bolt

[0047] 17. Bolt head 18. Threaded rod

[0048] 19. Upper fastener 20. Lower fastener

[0049] 21. Screw hole 22. Clearance

[0050] 23. Internal thread of non-metallic locknut 24. External thread of bolt

[0051] 25. Circular plane 26. Eccentric circle

[0052] 27. Ring seat

[0053] α, the angle through the center of the circle corresponding to the curvature of the inner convex block. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0055] This utility model Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Figure 13 In the process, the friction-enhancing ring 1 is composed of a circular ring seat 27 and an inner protrusion 3. The concave arc of the inner protrusion 3 faces the axis of the non-metallic locking nut 13, and the convex arc of the inner protrusion 3 is connected to the inner ring 6 of the circular ring seat to form a whole.

[0056] On one side of the inner ring 6 of the annular ring seat, there are no inner protrusions; on the other side of the inner ring 6 of the annular ring seat, there is at least one, two, or more inner protrusions 3, which are connected to each other to form a friction-increasing ring 1, and the friction-increasing ring 1 is asymmetrical.

[0057] The inner protrusions 3 are respectively fan-shaped 4, crescent-shaped 5, or eccentric circle-shaped 26.

[0058] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 The inner protrusion 3 is fan-shaped 4, and its inward protrusion is a fan-shaped structure.

[0059] Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9The inner protrusion 3 is crescent-shaped 5, and its inward protrusion is a crescent-shaped structure.

[0060] Figure 13 , Figure 14 , Figure 15 The inner protrusion 3 is an eccentric circle 26, and its inward protrusion is an eccentric circle structure.

[0061] The outer periphery of the friction ring 1 is such that it can be radially embedded within the inner riveted edge 7 at one end of the non-metallic locking nut body 15.

[0062] The thickness h of the friction ring 1 is 1 / 2 to 2 times the pitch of the internal thread 23 of the non-metallic locking nut 13, including 1 / 2 or 2 times; such as 1 / 2, 3 / 4, 1 time, or 2 times.

[0063] The inner diameter of the friction-enhancing ring 1 ring seat is 9, which is larger than the large diameter D of the non-metallic lock nut internal thread 23.

[0064] The inner diameter of the inner protrusion 3 on the friction-enhancing ring 1 is smaller than the small diameter d of the inner thread 23 of the non-metallic locking nut.

[0065] The radius of the inner protrusion 3 is π / 6 to 5π / 6, which corresponds to an angle of 30° to 150° through the center of the circle, such as 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, or 150°; preferably, the radius of the inner protrusion 3 is π / 3 to 2π / 3, which corresponds to a central angle of 60° to 120°.

[0066] The friction ring 1 is made of an elastic non-metallic material; the elastic non-metallic material includes: nylon, plastic, rubber, or other non-metallic materials.

[0067] Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 16 The structure consists of a friction-enhancing ring 1 with fan-shaped 4, crescent-shaped 5, and eccentric circular inner protrusion 3, respectively, and an asymmetrical non-metallic locking nut 13.

[0068] The circumference of the friction-enhancing ring 1 is radially embedded in the inward riveting edge 7 at one end of the non-metallic locking nut body 15, between the edge and the step 14 of the non-metallic locking nut body 15, and then pressed and riveted. The inner diameter of the inward riveting edge 7 is just large enough to accommodate the outer diameter of the friction-enhancing ring 1, and it is radially riveted. The thickness of the friction-enhancing ring 1 is sufficient to be axially riveted between the inward riveting edge 7 at one end of the non-metallic locking nut 13 and the step 14. When the non-metallic locking nut 13 is pre-tightened, it cannot rotate or loosen.

[0069] Figure 19The installation and use structure of the asymmetrical non-metallic locking nut 13 in this case is as follows: the tail end of the bolt 16 is passed through the screw hole 21 of the lower fastener 20 and the upper fastener 19, and the asymmetrical non-metallic locking nut 13 is screwed on the exposed tail end of the screw 18. The inner side of the asymmetrical non-metallic ring is spirally squeezed into a new internal thread by the bolt. The annular plane 25 of the other end of the non-metallic locking nut 13 contacts the surface around the screw hole 21 of the upper fastener 19 and is pre-tightened.

[0070] like Figure 19 for Figure 4 , Figure 10 , Figure 16 The three anti-loosening methods for the asymmetrical non-metallic locking nuts 13 shown are all based on the following principle: the inner arc-shaped edge of the upper inner protrusion 3 of the pre-tightened non-metallic locking nut 13 is tightly opened by the pre-tightened bolt external thread 24, squeezing the uppermost engagement bolt external thread 24 of the bolt 16, and exerting a certain downward frictional pressure axially. At the same time, because the inner radius of the inner protrusion 3 is less than 1 / 2 of the large diameter D of the non-metallic locking nut internal thread 23, and if the thread clearance 22 is negligible (i.e., less than 1 / 2 of the outer diameter of the peak of the bolt external thread 24), the screw 18 is pushed to one side laterally. At this time, the non-metallic locking nut 13 and the screw 18 are not... The coaxial, threaded misalignment engagement means that the non-metallic locking nut 13 on the screw 18 is misaligned due to downward frictional pressure and asymmetrical thrust to one side. Within the allowable range of the gap between the non-metallic locking nut 13 internal thread 23 and the bolt external thread 24, one side is higher and the other side is lower, allowing for sufficient misalignment. This results in the non-metallic locking nut internal thread 23 and the bolt external thread 24 spirally unfolding to form a two-toothed, wavy, staggered meshing. As the preload increases, the coefficient of friction becomes very large, and the friction between the two becomes very large, thus significantly improving the anti-loosening performance.

[0071] According to the ISO16130-2015 standard test for transverse vibration, after 2000 vibrations of a grade 8 non-metallic locking nut with an amplitude of ±0.8mm, a frequency of 12.5Hz, a preload of approximately 68KN, the residual axial force of the unmodified symmetrical non-metallic locking nut is about 20%, while the residual axial force of the modified asymmetrical non-metallic locking nut is as high as over 90%.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, this utility model does not add any parts or increase any cost. Instead, it removes the inner protrusion 3 on the other side of the symmetrical structure and replaces it with an asymmetrical friction ring 1 structure. The friction is changed from parallel thread rolling friction to sawtooth wave peak and valley staggered tooth meshing. The friction force increases with the preload and tends to be infinite. This locking structure makes the asymmetrical non-metallic locking nut 13 lock on the bolt 16. Its anti-loosening performance is significantly improved by several times compared with the existing symmetrical non-metallic locking nuts, and an unexpected anti-loosening effect is achieved.

[0073] The friction-enhancing ring 1 described in this case can be formed by extrusion molding, stamping with a punch press, or cutting with a laser cutting machine. Then, the friction-enhancing ring 1 is fixed between the inner riveting edge 7 and the step 14 by a press. The processing and use methods of the improved, asymmetrical, non-metallic locking nut 13 are the same as those of the existing symmetrical ordinary non-metallic locking nuts. They are all mature technologies. Their structure, working principle, material, specifications, and selection methods should be mastered by ordinary technicians in this field, so they will not be repeated here.

[0074] This utility model, including the friction-increasing ring 1, the non-metallic locking nut 13, and their anti-loosening methods, is applicable to the anti-loosening and fastening of vibrating machinery and facilities in fields such as railways, bridges, mines, petrochemicals, aviation, aerospace, shipping, iron towers, wind power, nuclear power, vehicles, military industry, and robotics.

[0075] It should be noted that the terms "front" and "rear"; "large" and "small"; "inner" and "outer"; "left" and "right"; "up" and "down"; "upward" and "downward"; "convex" and "concave"; "high" and "low" used in this utility model to indicate orientation, area, position, or aspect relationship are based on the orientation, area, position, or direction relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of description and simplification. In actual application, the orientation, position, or direction can be interchanged, rotated, or reversed. They do not indicate or imply that the device or part referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. The terms "installation" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, an integrated connection can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood through the specific circumstances.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this case and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this case should be included within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A friction-enhancing ring, comprising a circular ring seat (27) and an inner protrusion (3), wherein the concave arc of the inner protrusion (3) faces the axis of the non-metallic locking nut (13), and the convex arc of the inner protrusion (3) is integrally connected with the inner ring (6) of the circular ring seat, characterized in that: On one side of the inner ring (6) of the annular ring seat, there is no inner protrusion (3); on the other side of the inner ring (6) of the annular ring seat, there is at least one inner protrusion (3), which is connected to each other to form a friction-enhancing ring (1), and the friction-enhancing ring (1) is asymmetrical.

2. The friction-enhancing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner protrusion (3) is fan-shaped (4), crescent-shaped (5), or eccentrically circular (26).

3. The friction-enhancing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer periphery of the friction-enhancing ring (1) is such that it can be radially embedded within the inner riveted edge (7) at one end of the non-metallic locking nut (13).

4. The friction-enhancing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness h(8) of the friction ring is 1 / 2 to 2 times the pitch of the internal thread of the non-metallic lock nut, including 1 / 2 times or 2 times.

5. The friction-enhancing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter (9) of the friction-enhancing ring seat is greater than the large diameter D of the non-metallic locking nut internal thread (23); the inner radius (11) of the inner protrusion on the friction-enhancing ring (1) is less than the small diameter d of the non-metallic locking nut internal thread (23).

6. The friction-enhancing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The curvature of the inner protrusion is π / 6 to 5π / 6.

7. The friction-enhancing ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The friction ring (1) is made of an elastic non-metal, which is one of nylon, plastic or rubber.

8. A non-metallic locking nut comprising the friction-enhancing ring (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The circumference of the friction ring (1) is radially embedded in the inward riveting edge (7) at one end of the non-metallic locking nut body (15) and located between the steps (14) of the non-metallic locking nut body (15), and is fixed by riveting; wherein, the inner diameter of the inward riveting edge (7) is adapted to the outer diameter of the friction ring (1) to radially fix the friction ring (1); the thickness (8) of the friction ring (1) is configured to be able to be axially pressed by the inward riveting edge (7) and the steps (14) to prevent rotation or loosening during pre-tightening.

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