Pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of pyrolysis devices for handling waste photovoltaic module, involve waste photovoltaic module pyrolysis technical field, and include: fixed furnace body;Rotary furnace, the rotary furnace is rotatably installed in the inside of fixed furnace body, and two ends extend to the outside of fixed furnace body;Pyrolysis furnace base, the pyrolysis furnace base is fixed in the bottom of fixed furnace body;Fuel tail gas treatment device, the fuel tail gas treatment device is communicated with fixed furnace body;Pyrolysis tail gas treatment device, the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device is communicated with rotary furnace;Furnace bung supporting wheel, the furnace bung supporting wheel is rotatably installed on pyrolysis furnace base, and with pyrolysis furnace base friction contact;The utility model is stirred by the setting of rotary furnace and the material of pyrolysis is scattered, so that glass is not sintered after pyrolysis, conducive to the smooth progress of subsequent sorting work;Pyrolysis device can handle both broken material and plate material, and can handle both single glass and double glass.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of pyrolysis technology for waste photovoltaic modules, and in particular to a pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules. Background Technology

[0002] A photovoltaic module is typically formed by laminating a glass plate, an EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer) film, a crystalline silicon solar cell, an EVA film, and a TPT (polyvinyl fluoride composite film) backsheet in sequence. After encapsulation, it is placed in an aluminum frame for fixation and a junction box is installed. The aluminum frame, junction box, glass plate, and crystalline silicon solar cell can all be recycled and reused.

[0003] Currently, the recycling and dismantling of photovoltaic modules is usually carried out using pyrolysis equipment. The pyrolysis equipment softens and decomposes the EVA film, thereby achieving the separation and recycling of each layer of the structure.

[0004] However, existing pyrolysis devices produce large amounts of gases containing acetic acid, methane, propane, and other components during pyrolysis, which pollute the atmosphere when released into it.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to invent a pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules, in order to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that the pyrolysis device generates a large amount of gas containing acetic acid, methane, propane and other components during pyrolysis, which will cause air pollution when emitted into the atmosphere.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules, comprising:

[0008] Fixed furnace body;

[0009] A rotating furnace liner, which is rotatably installed inside a fixed furnace body and extends to the outside of the fixed furnace body at both ends;

[0010] A pyrolysis furnace base, which is fixed to the bottom of the fixed furnace body;

[0011] A fuel exhaust gas treatment device, wherein the fuel exhaust gas treatment device is connected to a fixed furnace body;

[0012] A pyrolysis tail gas treatment device, wherein the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device is connected to a rotary furnace.

[0013] The furnace liner support roller is rotatably mounted on the pyrolysis furnace base and makes frictional contact with the pyrolysis furnace base.

[0014] Optionally, a fuel flue gas outlet is provided at the top of the fixed furnace body.

[0015] Optionally, one end of the rotary furnace is provided with a material inlet and outlet, and the other end of the rotary furnace is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet.

[0016] Optionally, the fuel exhaust gas treatment device includes:

[0017] A first condenser, which is connected to the fuel flue gas outlet.

[0018] Dust collector, which is connected to condenser;

[0019] A fan chimney, which is connected to a dust collector.

[0020] Optionally, the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device includes:

[0021] An activated carbon adsorption box, which is connected to the fan chimney;

[0022] An electrostatic precipitator, wherein the electrostatic precipitator is connected to an activated carbon adsorption box;

[0023] A desulfurization tower, which is connected to an electrostatic precipitator;

[0024] A secondary burner, which is connected to the desulfurization tower.

[0025] Optionally, the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device further includes:

[0026] The second condenser is connected to the secondary burner and the pyrolysis gas outlet;

[0027] An oil collector, which is connected to a second condenser;

[0028] The purifier is connected to the oil collector;

[0029] An oil storage tank is connected to a purifier via a pipeline.

[0030] Optionally, the front side of the pyrolysis furnace base is provided with multiple fuel heat energy inlets, and the front side of the pyrolysis furnace base is provided with multiple observation ports.

[0031] The technical effects and advantages of this utility model are as follows:

[0032] This invention utilizes low-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis, which provides a reasonable treatment of combustion gases from fuels and photovoltaic module materials, and meets environmental emission requirements.

[0033] This invention uses a rotating furnace chamber to disperse the pyrolysis material, preventing the glass from sintering after pyrolysis and facilitating subsequent sorting processes.

[0034] This utility model pyrolysis device can process both scrap and sheet materials, as well as single-glass and double-glass photovoltaic modules, and has low requirements for waste photovoltaic module raw materials. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0040] In the diagram: 100, fixed furnace body; 110, fuel flue gas outlet;

[0041] 200. Rotary furnace chamber; 210. Inlet / outlet; 220. Pyrolysis gas outlet;

[0042] 300. Pyrolysis furnace base; 310. Fuel heat energy inlet; 320. Observation port;

[0043] 400. Fuel exhaust gas treatment device; 410. Dust collector; 420. First condenser; 430. Fan and chimney;

[0044] 500. Pyrolysis tail gas treatment device;

[0045] 600. Furnace support roller; 15. Activated carbon adsorption box; 16. Electrostatic precipitator; 17. Desulfurization tower; 18. Secondary burner; 19. Secondary condenser; 560. Oil collector; 570. Purifier; 580. Oil storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0047] This utility model provides, for example Figure 1-5 A pyrolysis apparatus for processing waste photovoltaic modules is shown, comprising:

[0048] Fixed furnace body 100;

[0049] The rotary furnace liner 200 is rotatably installed inside the fixed furnace body 100, and its two ends extend to the outside of the fixed furnace body 100.

[0050] The pyrolysis furnace base 300 is fixed to the bottom of the fixed furnace body 100;

[0051] Fuel exhaust gas treatment device 400, which is connected to the fixed furnace body 100;

[0052] The pyrolysis tail gas treatment device 500 is connected to the rotary furnace 200.

[0053] The furnace liner support roller 600 is rotatably mounted on the pyrolysis furnace base 300 and makes frictional contact with the pyrolysis furnace base 300.

[0054] When the motor is started, it drives the rotary furnace 200 to rotate. The fuel exhaust gas and pyrolysis exhaust gas generated during pyrolysis will enter the fuel exhaust gas treatment device 400 and the pyrolysis exhaust gas treatment device 500 respectively for treatment.

[0055] The pyrolysis unit can process both scrap and sheet materials, and can handle both single-glass and double-glass photovoltaic modules. It has low requirements for the raw materials used in waste photovoltaic modules.

[0056] Among them, low-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis provides a reasonable treatment of combustion gases from fuel and photovoltaic module materials, which meets environmental emission requirements.

[0057] The glass is not sintered after dissolution, and the material is loose, which facilitates the smooth progress of subsequent sorting work.

[0058] In some embodiments of this utility model, a fuel flue gas outlet 110 is provided on the top of the fixed furnace body 100.

[0059] The fuel flue gas outlet 110 allows the flue gas generated by fuel combustion inside the fixed furnace body 100 to be discharged into the fuel exhaust gas treatment device 400.

[0060] In some embodiments of this utility model, one end of the rotary furnace 200 is provided with a material inlet / outlet 210, and the other end of the rotary furnace 200 is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet 220.

[0061] Among them, the inlet and outlet 210 allows waste photovoltaic modules to be added into the rotary furnace 200 for pyrolysis treatment;

[0062] The pyrolysis gas outlet 220 allows the pyrolysis tail gas generated during the pyrolysis of waste photovoltaic modules to be transported into the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device 500.

[0063] In some embodiments of this utility model, the fuel exhaust gas treatment device 400 includes:

[0064] The first condenser 420 is connected to the fuel flue gas outlet 110.

[0065] Dust collector 410, dust collector 410 is connected to condenser 420;

[0066] Fan chimney 430 is connected to dust collector 410.

[0067] The gas after fuel combustion enters the first condenser 420 through the fuel flue gas outlet 110 above the fixed furnace body 100. After the gas is cooled, it enters the dust collector 410 to collect the dust in the gas. After treatment, the gas meets the emission requirements and is discharged through the fan chimney 430.

[0068] The system includes a first condenser 420 to cool the flue gas after combustion, and a dust collector 410 to collect dust from the gas.

[0069] In some embodiments of this utility model, the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device 500 includes:

[0070] Activated carbon adsorption box 510 is connected to fan chimney 430;

[0071] Electrostatic precipitator 520, which is connected to activated carbon adsorption box 510;

[0072] Desulfurization tower 530 is connected to electrostatic precipitator 520;

[0073] Secondary burner 540 is connected to desulfurization tower 530.

[0074] A small amount of non-condensable gas enters the interior of the secondary burner 540 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 220, removing most of the combustibles and odors. Then it enters the interior of the desulfurization tower 530, is treated by the electrostatic precipitator 520 and the activated carbon adsorption box 510, and meets the emission standards. Finally, it is discharged through the chimney in compliance with the standards.

[0075] Among them, pyrolysis oil and dust in non-condensable gases are treated by activated carbon adsorption box 510 and electrostatic precipitator 520.

[0076] The secondary burner 540 allows for the secondary combustion of non-condensable gases, removing most of the combustibles and odors.

[0077] In some embodiments of this utility model, the pyrolysis tail gas treatment device 500 further includes:

[0078] The second condenser 550 is connected to the secondary burner 540 and the pyrolysis gas outlet 220.

[0079] Oil collector 560, which is connected to the second condenser 550;

[0080] Purifier 570 is connected to oil collector 560;

[0081] Oil storage tank 580 is connected to purifier 570 via a pipeline.

[0082] Most of the gas generated by the pyrolysis of the rotary furnace 200 enters the interior of the second condenser 550 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 220, cools down and condenses into hot oil, which enters the interior of the oil collector 560 and is pumped into the purifier 570. The purified pyrolysis oil is collected into the interior of the oil storage tank 580.

[0083] The pyrolysis oil in the exhaust gas is collected by the oil collector 560 and transported to the interior of the purifier 570.

[0084] Among them, the purifier 570 is used to purify the collected pyrolysis oil, remove impurities inside the pyrolysis oil, and improve the quality of the pyrolysis oil.

[0085] The purified pyrolysis oil is stored in storage tank 580.

[0086] In some embodiments of this utility model, the front side of the pyrolysis furnace base 300 is provided with a plurality of fuel heat energy inlets 310, and the front side of the pyrolysis furnace base 300 is provided with a plurality of observation ports 320.

[0087] Among them, fuel can be added to the interior of the pyrolysis unit through the fuel heat energy inlet 310;

[0088] The combustion of fuel can be observed through the observation port 320.

[0089] The working method of this utility model:

[0090] Step 1: Waste photovoltaic modules are fed into the furnace through the inlet / outlet 210. Each furnace is loaded with about 15-18 tons of material. The rotary furnace 200 is started to rotate continuously at a constant speed. The fuel combustion device is started, and the heat energy is continuously heated to the rotary furnace 200 through the inlet on the lower side of the fixed furnace body 100.

[0091] Step 2: After the fuel is burned, the gas enters the first condenser 420 through the fuel flue gas outlet 110. After the gas is cooled, it enters the fan chimney 430 to collect dust in the gas. After treatment, the gas is discharged through the fan chimney 430 in compliance with standards.

[0092] Step 3: The EVA adhesive and plastic backing in the material of the rotary furnace 200 continue to decompose at a temperature of about 280°C or higher, producing gases containing acetic acid, methane, propane, etc., water vapor, and a small amount of non-condensable gases. The temperature continues to rise to about 380°C. Most of the gas enters the second condenser 550 through the pyrolysis gas outlet 220 at one end of the rotary furnace 200, cools down and condenses into hot oil, which enters the oil collector 560 and is pumped into the purifier 570. The purified pyrolysis oil is collected in the oil storage tank 580. When no pyrolysis oil flows out of the observation window of the oil storage tank 580, the pyrolysis furnace is turned off and heating is stopped.

[0093] Step 4: A small amount of non-condensable gas enters the secondary burner 540 for combustion, removing most of the combustibles and odors; it then enters the desulfurization tower 530 for desulfurization, and is treated by the electrostatic precipitator 520 and activated carbon adsorption box 510 before being discharged through the fan chimney 430 to meet emission standards.

[0094] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pyrolysis apparatus for processing waste photovoltaic modules, characterized in that, include: Fixed furnace body (100); A rotating furnace liner (200) is rotatably mounted inside a fixed furnace body (100) and extends to the outside of the fixed furnace body (100) at both ends; A pyrolysis furnace base (300) is fixed to the bottom of a fixed furnace body (100); A fuel exhaust gas treatment device (400) is connected to a fixed furnace body (100); A pyrolysis tail gas treatment device (500) is connected to a rotary furnace (200); Furnace support roller (600), which is rotatably mounted on the pyrolysis furnace base (300) and in frictional contact with the pyrolysis furnace base (300).

2. The pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed furnace body (100) is provided with a fuel flue gas outlet (110).

3. The pyrolysis device for processing waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the rotary furnace (200) is provided with a material inlet / outlet (210), and the other end of the rotary furnace (200) is provided with a pyrolysis gas outlet (220).

4. The pyrolysis apparatus for processing waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fuel exhaust gas treatment device (400) includes: A first condenser (420) is connected to a fuel flue gas outlet (110); A dust collector (410) is connected to a condenser (420); A fan chimney (430) is connected to a dust collector (410).

5. The pyrolysis apparatus for processing waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pyrolysis tail gas treatment device (500) includes: An activated carbon adsorption box (510) is connected to a fan chimney (430); An electrostatic precipitator (520) is connected to an activated carbon adsorption box (510); A desulfurization tower (530) is connected to an electrostatic precipitator (520); A secondary burner (540) is connected to a desulfurization tower (530).

6. The pyrolysis apparatus for processing waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pyrolysis tail gas treatment device (500) further includes: The second condenser (550) is connected to the secondary burner (540) and the pyrolysis gas outlet (220); An oil collector (560) is connected to a second condenser (550); Purifier (570), which is connected to oil collector (560); An oil storage tank (580) is connected to a purifier (570) via a pipeline.

7. The pyrolysis apparatus for processing waste photovoltaic modules according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pyrolysis furnace base (300) is provided with multiple fuel heat energy inlets (310) on the front side, and multiple observation ports (320) are provided on the front side of the pyrolysis furnace base (300).

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