A precision control device for peripheral hole construction of tunnel blasting

Abstract

A kind of peripheral hole construction precision control device for tunnel blasting, including supporting module, holding module, limiting module and operation module, supporting module includes lightweight material gun body and fixed plate, holding module includes fixed handle, adjustable handle and reinforcing beam, limiting module includes adjustable stopper, adjustable stopper is divided into front stopper and rear stopper, front stopper is detachably connected on stopper fixed plate, rear stopper is movably installed on lightweight material gun body top by stopper pad, operation module includes detachable drilling machine and the drill pipe connected in front of it, drill pipe passes through adjustable stopper, detachable drilling machine bottom is movably connected on lightweight material gun body rear top by drilling machine pad, the device overcomes the deficiency of traditional drilling technology for reducing external angle, uses drill pipe distal end natural drop to cooperate stopper to reduce external angle, greatly reduces overbreak and underbreak when blasting construction, realizes the purpose of tunnel blasting cost reduction and efficiency increase.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blasting hole drilling construction, specifically a precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting. Background Technology

[0002] Perimeter blasting is a common technique in tunnel construction. Its main purpose is to control the direction and force of the blasting to make the tunnel excavation profile more in line with design requirements and reduce damage to the surrounding rock. The construction quality of perimeter blasting directly affects the overall construction quality of the tunnel, including its stability, safety, and subsequent support and lining work.

[0003] Because the drilling equipment itself has a certain size, the drill rod cannot be drilled perpendicularly to the rock wall and face of the excavation outline; it can only be drilled at an angle to the excavation outline. (See [reference]) Figure 8 As shown, this results in the external insertion angle of the peripheral holes. The angle of the external insertion angle directly affects the over-excavation and under-excavation situation. If the angle is too large, it may lead to over-excavation and under-excavation during the tunnel excavation process. Over-excavation increases the amount of tunnel excavation, leading to increased construction costs and affecting the stability of the tunnel. Under-excavation requires secondary blasting or mechanical excavation, which also increases construction costs and may cause additional damage to the surrounding rock, making it impossible to guarantee tunnel quality and construction efficiency.

[0004] Currently, due to limitations in drilling equipment and construction techniques, the generation of external insertion angles is unavoidable in domestic peripheral hole drilling technology. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a blasting hole drilling device that can effectively avoid or reduce external insertion angles. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the current limitations of existing technologies in effectively reducing the external insertion angle during drilling of peripheral holes in tunnel construction, this invention provides a precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting, thereby achieving the aforementioned technical objectives and effects.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0007] A precision control device for perimeter hole construction in tunnel blasting includes a support module, a gripping module, a limiting module, and an operation module;

[0008] The support module includes a lightweight material gun body and a fixing plate, the fixing plate including a limiter fixing plate connected to the front end of the lightweight material gun body;

[0009] The grip module includes a fixed grip, an adjustable grip, and a reinforcing beam. The fixed grip is installed on the lower front of the lightweight material gun body, the adjustable grip is installed on the lower rear of the lightweight material gun body and can be adjusted in height, and the reinforcing beam runs through the upper part of the adjustable grip and is fixed to the lightweight material gun body.

[0010] The limiting module includes an adjustable limiter, which is divided into a front limiter and a rear limiter. The front limiter is detachably connected to the limiter fixing plate and its height is adjustable. The rear limiter is movably installed above the lightweight material gun body through the limiter pad and its height is adjustable.

[0011] The working module includes a detachable drill rig and a drill rod connected to its front. The drill rod passes through an adjustable limiter. The bottom of the detachable drill rig is movably connected to the upper part of the lightweight material gun rear via a drill rig pad.

[0012] This invention utilizes the inherent flexibility of the drill rod, along with additional force and limiting mechanisms, to create a specific bending arc. This allows a portion of the drill rod to closely follow the excavation outline, reducing the outward angle generated during drilling of surrounding holes, ensuring blasting effectiveness, and controlling and reducing over- and under-excavation. Furthermore, to adapt to different working conditions, both the adjustable limiter and the drilling rig can be repositioned, accommodating various construction scenarios and ensuring the invention achieves its intended effects under diverse conditions.

[0013] The lightweight material gun body is a hollow, rounded rectangular tube with several connection holes on the top for connecting the limiter pad and the drill pad.

[0014] The limiter fixing plate is shaped like a "Z" and made of metal. The protruding part faces outward and has bolt holes for connecting the front limiter.

[0015] The front limiter includes a bearing plate and a metal bearing mounted on it, with several bolt holes on the lower part of the bearing plate. Preferably, the number of bolt holes on the lower part of the bearing plate is greater than the number of bolt holes on the limiter fixing plate, so as to enable the adjustable limiter at the front end to adjust its height.

[0016] The rear limiter includes a bearing plate and a metal bearing mounted on top of it. Bolts pass through the lower part of the bearing plate, connecting to the limiter pad and the lightweight material gun body via connecting holes. The limiter pads are available in various sizes. Different height limiter pads can be selected according to different construction conditions, thereby adjusting the drill rod height.

[0017] The mounting plate also includes an auxiliary mechanical connection plate that connects to the rear end of the lightweight material gun body, and auxiliary equipment can be connected via auxiliary mechanical connection bolts.

[0018] The adjustable grip includes an upper split grip fixing device and a lower grip. The split grip fixing device is divided into upper and lower parts, which are connected by grip bolts and are used to clamp and connect with the reinforcement beam.

[0019] The reinforcing beam is an arc-shaped beam with a circular cross-section. The upper part is connected to the lightweight material gun body, and the lower part passes through a split grip fixing device, with a minimum of two such devices.

[0020] The upper and lower parts of the split grip fixing device have several semi-circular grooves with a diameter equal to that of the reinforcing beam on their opposite surfaces. The groove spacing is equal to the spacing of the reinforcing beam. The lower part of the split grip fixing device is an integral structure with the grip.

[0021] When the auxiliary equipment cannot be connected to the auxiliary mechanical connection plate or auxiliary mechanical connection bolt, the adjustable handle can be removed and the auxiliary equipment can be installed on the reinforcement beam via the handle bolt.

[0022] To further reduce weight and facilitate manual operation, the lightweight gun body, auxiliary mechanical connection plate, fixed grip, and reinforcing beam are all made of lightweight materials in one piece.

[0023] The principle adopted by this utility model to solve its technical problem is: by utilizing the flexibility of the drill rod itself and adding a certain force and limit, the drill rod is made to produce a certain bending arc, so that part of the drill rod is close to the excavation outline, reducing the external insertion angle generated when drilling the surrounding holes. The bending deformation is less than the upper limit of the elastic deformation of the drill rod, and the torque on the drill rod during drilling is less than the torsional strength of the drill rod. Under the above conditions, theoretically the external insertion angle can be reduced to zero degrees.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages:

[0025] (1) Controlling over- and under-excavation: The external insertion angle directly affects the blasting effect of surrounding holes, causing over- and under-excavation, which affects the construction progress and causes economic losses. This utility model utilizes the flexibility of the drill rod itself and adds a certain force and limit to make it produce a certain bending arc, so that part of the drill rod is close to the excavation outline, reducing the external insertion angle generated when drilling surrounding holes, ensuring the blasting effect, and controlling and reducing the occurrence of over- and under-excavation.

[0026] (2) Auxiliary machinery can be installed. The auxiliary machinery connecting plate and auxiliary machinery connecting bolt used in this utility model can be connected to the auxiliary equipment when the auxiliary equipment is needed. When the auxiliary equipment cannot be connected to the auxiliary machinery connecting plate and auxiliary machinery connecting bolt, the adjustable handle can be removed and the auxiliary equipment can be installed on the reinforcing beam through the handle bolt.

[0027] (3) Adaptable to different working conditions, the adjustable limiter and drilling rig of this utility model can be adjusted to adapt to different construction conditions, ensuring that this utility model achieves the expected effect under different working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0028] In the attached diagram:

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable grip of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting module of this utility model.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the working module of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the limiter fixing plate, fixing plate bolts, and limiter bolts of this utility model.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a construction diagram of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of traditional construction.

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the implementation process of this utility model.

[0038] The components represented by the various reference numerals in the diagram are:

[0039] 1. Support module; 11. Lightweight material gun body; 12. Fixing plate; 121. Limiter fixing plate; 122. Fixing plate bolt; 123. Auxiliary mechanical connection plate; 124. Auxiliary mechanical connection bolt; 2. Grip module; 21. Fixed grip; 22. Adjustable grip; 221. Split grip fixing device; 222. Grip; 23. Reinforcing beam; 24. Grip bolt; 3. Limiting module; 31. Adjustable limiter; 311. Metal bearing; 312. Bearing plate; 32. Limiter bolt; 33. Limiter pad; 4. Working module; 41. Demountable drilling rig; 411. Drilling rig; 412. Metal plate; 42. Drill rod; 43. Drilling rig pad; 44. Drilling rig bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0040] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a precision control device for perimeter hole construction in tunnel blasting includes a support module 1, a gripping module 2, a limiting module 3, and an operation module 4.

[0041] Support module 1 includes a lightweight material gun body 11 and a fixing plate 12. The fixing plate 12 includes a limiter fixing plate 121 connected to the front end of the lightweight material gun body 11 and an auxiliary mechanical connection plate 123 connected to the rear end of the lightweight material gun body 11. Auxiliary equipment can be connected via auxiliary mechanical connection bolts 124. See [reference needed] Figure 2 As shown, this is to accommodate construction work at higher positions.

[0042] The grip module 2 includes a fixed grip 21, an adjustable grip 22, and a reinforcing beam 23. The fixed grip 21 is mounted on the lower front of the lightweight material receiver 11, and the adjustable grip 22 is mounted on the lower rear of the lightweight material receiver 11 and is height-adjustable. (See attached image) Figure 3 As shown, the reinforcing beam 23 passes through the upper part of the adjustable grip 22 and is fixed to the lightweight material gun body 11.

[0043] When the auxiliary equipment cannot be connected to the auxiliary mechanical connection plate 123 or the auxiliary mechanical connection bolt 124, the adjustable handle 22 can be removed and the auxiliary equipment can be installed on the reinforcing beam 23 via the handle bolt 24.

[0044] See Figure 4 The limiting module 3 includes an adjustable limiter 31, which is divided into a front limiter and a rear limiter, both of which have a "convex" structure. The front limiter is detachably connected to the limiter fixing plate 121 and its height is adjustable. The rear limiter is movably installed above the lightweight material gun body 11 through the limiter pad 33 and its height is adjustable.

[0045] The working module 4 includes a detachable drill rig 41 and a drill rod 42 connected to its front. The drill rod 42 passes through an adjustable limiter 31. The bottom of the detachable drill rig 41 is movably connected to the upper rear of the lightweight material gun body 11 via a drill rig pad 43.

[0046] This invention utilizes the inherent flexibility of the drill rod 42, along with additional force and limiting mechanisms, to induce a certain degree of bending. This allows a portion of the drill rod 42 to closely adhere to the excavation outline, reducing the outward angle generated during drilling of surrounding holes, ensuring blasting effectiveness, and controlling and reducing over- and under-excavation. Furthermore, the design of the limiting module 3 ensures that the drill rod within the gun body area does not arch when the drill rod 42 bends.

[0047] Meanwhile, in order to adapt to different working conditions, the adjustable limiter 31 and the drilling rig 411 of this invention can both be adjusted in position to adapt to different construction conditions and ensure that the invention achieves the expected results under different working conditions.

[0048] In this embodiment, the lightweight material gun body 11 is a hollow, rounded rectangular tube with several connecting holes at the top for connecting the limiter pad 33 and the drilling rig pad 43. See [link to documentation]. Figure 1 As shown.

[0049] Preferably, the lightweight material gun body 11 has two rows of holes equidistantly arranged along its length for connecting the rear limiter and the detachable drill rig 41.

[0050] The limiter fixing plate 121 is shaped like a "Z" and made of metal. The protruding part faces outward and has bolt holes for connecting the front limiter. Both sides are connected to the lightweight material gun body 11 by fixing plate bolts 122.

[0051] See Figure 4 The front limiter includes a bearing plate 312 and a metal bearing 311 on its upper part. The lower part of the bearing plate 312 is provided with several bolt holes along the vertical direction. It can be connected to the limiter fixing plate 121 through the limiter bolt 32. The inner hole size of the metal bearing 311 matches the diameter size of the drill rod 42.

[0052] Preferably, the number of bolt holes at the lower part of the bearing plate 312 is greater than the number of bolt holes on the limiter fixing plate 121, so as to realize the height adjustment of the adjustable limiter 31 at the front end.

[0053] The rear limiter includes a bearing plate 312 and a metal bearing 311 mounted on it. Limiter bolts 32 pass through the lower sides of the bearing plate 312. The limiter bolts 32 pass through a limiter pad 33 and connect to the upper connection hole of the lightweight material gun body 11. The limiter pad 33 comes in various specifications. Different heights of limiter pads 33 can be selected according to different construction conditions, thereby adjusting the height of the drill rod 42.

[0054] The adjustable grip 22 includes an upper split grip fixing device 221 and a lower grip 222. The split grip fixing device 221 is divided into upper and lower parts, which are connected by grip bolts 24 and are used to clamp and connect with the reinforcing beam 23.

[0055] In this embodiment, the reinforcing beam 23 is an arc-shaped beam with a circular cross-section and an overall U-shape. The upper part is connected to the lightweight material gun body 11, and the lower part passes through the split grip fixing device 221, of which there are two.

[0056] The upper and lower parts of the split grip fixing device 221 have two semi-circular grooves with a diameter equal to that of the reinforcing beam 23 on their opposite surfaces. The groove spacing is equal to the spacing of the reinforcing beam 23. The lower part of the split grip fixing device 221 is integrated with the grip 222.

[0057] To further reduce weight and facilitate manual operation, the lightweight gun body 11, auxiliary mechanical connecting plate 123, fixed grip 21, and reinforcing beam 23 are all integrally molded from lightweight materials.

[0058] See Figure 5 The detachable drill rig 41 includes a drill rig 411 and a lower metal plate 412, which are integrated into one piece. A drill pad 43 of the same size is provided below the metal plate 412. Bolt holes are opened on the metal plate 412 and the drill pad 43, and they are connected to the lightweight material gun body 11 by drill bolts. The height of the detachable drill rig 41 can be adjusted by changing the different specifications of the drill pad 43.

[0059] like Figure 7 As shown,

[0060] Equipment length: S, unit: mm

[0061] Length of drill pipe extending beyond the equipment: L z Unit: mm

[0062] Length of drill rod in contact with rock face: L y Unit: mm

[0063] Vertical distance from the drill pipe centerline to the excavation outline: H, unit, mm

[0064] X, the distance from the point perpendicular to the drill pipe centerline to the excavation outline (H) to the working face: unit, mm.

[0065] Channel length: G, unit, mm

[0066] Extrapolation angle calculation: α = arcsin(H / X), unit: degrees

[0067] The distance by which the bottom of the hole exceeds the outline excavation line due to the external insertion angle: L=sin[arcsin(H / X)]·G=HG / X, unit, mm.

[0068] See Figure 9 The present invention discloses a method for implementing a precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting, comprising the following technical steps:

[0069] Step 1: Assemble this device;

[0070] A. Install the adjustable grip 22: Fix the adjustable grip 22 to the reinforcing beam 23 using the grip bolts 24;

[0071] B. Install limit module 3: Use limit bolt 32, limit fixing plate 121 and fixing plate bolt 122 to fix limit module 3 to the lightweight material gun body 11;

[0072] C. Installation of auxiliary machinery: If auxiliary equipment such as rock drill mounting frame is required to assist in the work, it can be connected to it using auxiliary machinery connecting plate 123, auxiliary machinery connecting bolt 124 or reinforcing beam 23 and handle bolt 24.

[0073] Step 2: Determine the drilling location;

[0074] A. Adjust the adjustable limiter 31 and the detachable drilling rig 41: Adjust the height of the drill rod 42 using the limiter bolt 32, limiter pad 33, drilling rig pad 43, and drilling rig bolt 44.

[0075] B. Determine the drilling location: Based on the construction drawings, determine the drilling location and align the drill rod 42 to the correct position;

[0076] Step 3: Adjust the equipment angle;

[0077] A. To minimize the external insertion angle, the adjustable limiter 31 at the front end of the lightweight material gun body 11 is used as the center, and the length of the equipment is the radius. The tail of the equipment is rotated to make the drill rod 42 lift up and stick to the rock wall.

[0078] Step 4: Drilling;

[0079] A. Longitudinal Movement: Maintain the angle adjusted in step three, move the equipment longitudinally so that part of the drill rod 42 is close to the rock wall at the excavation outline. In order to make full use of the flexibility of the drill rod 42, the length of the drill rod 42 close to the rock wall should not be less than 500mm.

[0080] B. Drilling: After the equipment position is adjusted, the bent rod is used to drill, forming a normal channel of not less than 500mm. The equipment is then moved horizontally and drilling continues.

[0081] Step 5: Repeat the construction process;

[0082] If a single drilling operation cannot meet the required duct length, the position of the detachable drilling machine 41 can be adjusted or the drill rod 42 can be replaced to increase the length Lz of the drill rod 42 extending out of the equipment, and then steps one through four can be continued.

Claims

1. A precision control device for perimeter hole construction of tunnel blasting, characterized in that, It includes a supporting module (1), a holding module (2), a limiting module (3) and an operating module (4); The supporting module (1) includes a lightweight material gun body (11) and a fixing plate (12), and the fixing plate (12) includes a limiter fixing plate (121) connected to the front end of the lightweight material gun body (11); The holding module (2) includes a fixed grip (21), an adjustable grip (22) and a reinforcing beam (23). The fixed grip (21) is installed below the front part of the lightweight material gun body (11), the adjustable grip (22) is installed below the rear part of the lightweight material gun body (11) and can adjust the height. The reinforcing beam (23) penetrates through the upper part of the adjustable grip (22) and is fixed to the lightweight material gun body (11); The limiting module (3) includes an adjustable limiter (31). The adjustable limiter (31) is divided into a front limiter and a rear limiter. The front limiter is detachably connected to the limiter fixing plate (121) and its height is adjustable. The rear limiter is movably installed above the lightweight material gun body (11) through a limiter backing plate (33) and its height is adjustable; The operating module (4) includes a detachable drill (41) and a drill pipe (42) connected to its front part. The drill pipe (42) passes through the adjustable limiter (31), and the bottom of the detachable drill (41) is movably connected to the upper part of the rear of the lightweight material gun body (11) through a drill backing plate (43).

2. A precision control device for perimeter hole construction for tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lightweight material gun body (11) is a hollow rounded rectangular pipe, and several connecting holes are provided above for connecting the limiter backing plate (33) and the drill backing plate (43).

3. The precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiter fixing plate (121) is in a "C" shape and is made of metal material. The protruding part faces outwards, and bolt holes are opened on it for connecting the front limiter.

4. The precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front limiter includes a bearing plate (312) and a metal bearing (311) provided on its upper part. Several bolt holes are provided in the lower part of the bearing plate (312).

5. A precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear limiter includes a bearing plate (312) and a metal bearing (311) provided on its upper part. A bolt passes through the lower part of the bearing plate (312), and the bolt passes through the limiter backing plate (33) to be connected to the connecting hole above the lightweight material gun body (11). The limiter backing plate (33) has various different specifications.

6. The precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing plate (12) further includes an auxiliary mechanical connecting plate (123) connected to the rear end of the lightweight material gun body (11) for connecting auxiliary equipment.

7. The precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustable grip (22) includes a split grip fixing device (221) on the upper part and a grip (222) on the lower part. The split grip fixing device (221) is divided into upper and lower parts for clamping connection with the reinforcing beam (23).

8. A precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reinforcing beam (23) is an arc-shaped beam with a circular cross-section. The upper part is connected to the lightweight material gun body (11), and the lower part passes through the split grip fixing device (221), and the number is at least 2.

9. A precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The upper and lower parts of the split grip fixing device (221) have several semi-circular grooves with a diameter equal to that of the reinforcing beam (23) on their opposite surfaces. The groove spacing is equal to the spacing of the reinforcing beam (23). The lower part of the split grip fixing device (221) and the grip (222) are an integral structure.

10. A precision control device for peripheral hole construction in tunnel blasting according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lightweight material gun body (11), auxiliary mechanical connecting plate (123), fixed grip (21), and reinforcing beam (23) are all integrally molded from lightweight materials.

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