Biomass fuel counter-burning furnace

Abstract

This utility model relates to the technical field of boiler heating devices, and discloses a biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace includes a combustion chamber, a slag chamber, and a water grate. The combustion chamber is connected to a side air inlet and a side fire passage, which connects to the boiler. The combustion chamber is enclosed by a circulating water chamber, and the water grate passes through the combustion chamber and connects to the circulating water chambers on both sides of the combustion chamber. A top-opening feed hopper is provided above the combustion chamber. It has the advantages of long service life, smokeless combustion, and a compact overall structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of boiler heating devices, specifically to a biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace. Background Technology

[0002] A smokeless reverse-burning stove refers to an environmentally friendly stove designed using reverse-burning (gasification + secondary combustion) technology. Its core objective is to significantly reduce or even eliminate visible smoke (black smoke) and harmful gas emissions by optimizing the combustion process, thereby improving fuel efficiency. This type of stove is commonly found in home heating (such as fireplaces and wood-burning stoves), small boilers, biomass pellet stoves, and in situations with high environmental protection requirements.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN103940079A discloses a novel high-efficiency smokeless reverse-fire boiler, comprising a furnace body, a furnace body water tank, a coal feeding furnace door, a water-tube reverse-fire grate, a combustion chamber, an ash collection chamber, a fire outlet, a flue gas waste water tank, and a fire passage. The key feature is that the water-tube reverse-fire grate 6 is located in the middle of the furnace body. The combustion chamber includes a dry distillation combustion chamber 5 above the water-tube reverse-fire grate and a reverse-fire combustion chamber 7 below the water-tube reverse-fire grate. The dry distillation combustion chamber 5 has a make-up air furnace door 4 on the front side of the furnace body, and the reverse-fire combustion chamber 7 has an operating furnace door on the front side of the furnace body. A fire outlet 13 is located at the rear of the reverse-fire combustion chamber, connecting to the exhaust pipe of the flue gas waste water tank, and the exhaust pipe of the flue gas waste water tank is connected to an induced draft port 21. A steel roller grate 9 is also provided at the bottom of the reverse-fire combustion chamber 7, below which is an ash collection chamber 10.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN213208216U discloses an environmentally friendly and energy-saving boiler, including a furnace, a convection heat exchange chamber, and a boiler water chamber. The convection heat exchange chamber is equipped with multi-pass fire tubes separated by upper and lower baffles. The inlet of the fire tubes is connected to the lower space of the furnace, and the outlet is connected to the flue gas outlet. The flue gas outlet is connected to an induced draft fan. The boiler water chamber is a water jacket with a boiler water outlet, formed by the boiler shell, the fire tubes, and the furnace. The furnace contains, from top to bottom, a coal chamber, an upper reverse-burning grate, and a lower reverse-burning grate. The water inlet of the lower reverse-burning grate is connected to the boiler water outlet, and the water outlet of the lower reverse-burning grate is connected to the water inlet of the upper reverse-burning grate. The water outlet of the upper reverse-burning grate serves as the boiler water outlet, and water flows unidirectionally from the water inlet of the lower reverse-burning grate to the water outlet of the upper reverse-burning grate.

[0005] The existing reverse-burning furnace uses a combustion chamber to heat the reverse-burning grate for heat transfer. The flue gas is refluxed in the upward and downward rows to achieve smokeless combustion. The grate is reverse-burned, and the smoke from the coal is burned off. The combustion chamber and the reverse-burning grate are set up separately, which makes the overall volume of the reverse-burning furnace large and the temperature inside the combustion chamber high, resulting in a short service life of the reverse-burning furnace. Utility Model Content

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace, including a combustion chamber, a slag chamber, and a water grate. The combustion chamber is connected to a side air inlet and a side fire passage, and the side fire passage is used to connect to a boiler. The combustion chamber is characterized in that it is surrounded by a circulating water chamber, the water grate passes through the combustion chamber and connects the circulating water chambers on both sides of the combustion chamber, and a top-opening feed hopper is provided above the combustion chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the water grate includes an upper water grate and a lower water grate, with a gap between the pipes of the upper water grate and the lower water grate, and a combustion layer between the upper water grate and the lower water grate. One side of the combustion layer is the side air inlet, and the other side above it is the side fire passage.

[0008] To facilitate cooling and protect the reverse combustion furnace, a cooling water channel is provided throughout the combustion chamber, and the cooling water channel connects to the circulating water chambers on both sides of the combustion chamber.

[0009] Furthermore, the cooling water channel is located close to the side fire passage, and the area between the cooling water channel and the side fire passage is a flue gas combustion passage.

[0010] In order to increase the air intake and prevent the feed hopper from being unable to receive air, the feed hopper wall is provided with air intake holes from top to bottom.

[0011] Preferably, the circulating water chamber is connected to a circulating water inlet and a circulating water outlet, which are used to connect to a boiler for waste heat recovery.

[0012] To prevent steam from damaging the boiler in the circulating water chamber, a steam vent is provided at the top of the circulating water chamber.

[0013] To facilitate control of the amount of air entering, a rotatable air inlet door is provided at the side air inlet. The side air inlet has several air vents, and the air inlet door also has a corresponding number of air vents. The air inlet door is opened and closed by rotating to control the staggered arrangement of the air vents.

[0014] To prevent the material from being unable to flow into the hollow center after combustion, the feeding hopper is cone-shaped.

[0015] To improve combustion efficiency, the bottom of the feed hopper is provided with multiple ventilation holes, and the side air inlet is positioned opposite the bottom of the feed hopper.

[0016] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. This utility model integrates the combustion chamber, circulating water chamber, and water grate into one unit, resulting in a small overall size. It eliminates the need for a separate circulating water chamber and effectively reduces the temperature of the combustion chamber, thus extending the lifespan of the reverse combustion furnace. Furthermore, the feed hopper above the combustion chamber serves as both a feed and air intake. Materials (such as sawdust, dried chicken manure, wood chips, wood, straw, etc.) are added to the feed hopper, and the gaps between the materials allow for air passage. During combustion, the flame burns in a reverse direction from top to bottom through the side fire passage of the water grate. The generated flue gas is also consumed during the reverse combustion process, achieving a smokeless effect.

[0018] 2. The material can fall automatically, making it easy to add material. After passing through the water grate, the material enters the combustion layer for combustion. After combustion, it falls into the slag chamber. As the material in the combustion layer decreases, the hopper will continuously drop material to replenish it. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of Embodiment 1 of the biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace of this utility model;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Sectional view;

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Side view;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reverse combustion furnace in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0026] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: combustion chamber 1, combustion layer 101, slag chamber 2, slag removal port 201, water grate 3, upper water grate 301, lower water grate 302, side air inlet 4, air inlet door 401, air outlet 402, side fire passage 5, circulating water chamber 6, cooling water passage 601, circulating water inlet 602, circulating water outlet 603, steam exhaust port 604, feed bin 7, bin cover 8, flue gas combustion passage 9, air inlet 10, ventilation hole 11. Example

[0027] like Figure 1-5As shown, a biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace includes a combustion chamber 1, a slag chamber 2, and a water grate 3. The combustion chamber 1 is connected to a side air inlet 4 and a side fire passage 5. The side fire passage 5 is used to connect to a boiler. The bottom of the combustion chamber 1 is the slag chamber 2. The front, rear, left, right, and top of the combustion chamber 1 are all enclosed by circulating water chambers 6. The water grate 3 runs horizontally through the combustion chamber 1 and connects to the circulating water chambers 6 on the left and right sides of the combustion chamber 1. A feed hopper 7 with an open top is provided above the combustion chamber 1. The top of the feed hopper 7 is provided with a removable hopper cover 8.

[0028] The water grate 3 includes an upper water grate 301 and a lower water grate 302. A gap is provided between the pipes of the upper water grate 301 and the lower water grate 302, and the gap width is sufficient for material to pass through. There is a combustion layer 101 between the upper water grate 301 and the lower water grate 302. One side of the combustion layer 101 is the side air inlet 4, and the upper side of the other side is an S-shaped side fire passage 5. The upper water grate 301 is shorter than the lower water grate 302, which facilitates the entry of flames and flue gas into the S-shaped side fire passage 5 from one side.

[0029] The combustion chamber 1 is provided with a transverse cooling water channel 601, which connects the circulating water chambers 6 on the left and right sides of the combustion chamber 1.

[0030] The cooling water channel 601 is located close to the side fire passage 5, and the area between the cooling water channel 601 and the side fire passage 5 is the flue gas combustion channel 9.

[0031] The feed hopper 7 has a row of air inlets 10 arranged from top to bottom on its wall.

[0032] The circulating water chamber 6 is connected to the circulating water inlet 602 and the circulating water outlet 603, which are used to connect to the boiler for waste heat recovery.

[0033] The top of the circulating water chamber 6 is provided with a steam exhaust port 604.

[0034] The side air inlet 4 is provided with a rotatable air inlet door 401. The side air inlet 4 is provided with 3 air vents 402. The air inlet door 401 is also provided with 3 corresponding air vents 402. The air inlet door 401 is rotated to control the air vents 402 to open and close in an alternating manner. The center of the air inlet door 401 is rotatably connected to the side air inlet 4.

[0035] The slag chamber 2 has slag cleaning ports 201 on both sides that can be sealed. Example

[0036] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that, as Figure 6As shown, the feed hopper 7 is cone-shaped. During the combustion process, the material will not block the feed hopper 7 after the middle part of the material is burned, and natural feeding can be achieved.

[0037] The bottom of the feeding hopper 7 is provided with two rows of ventilation holes 11, and the side air inlet 4 is set to be aligned with the ventilation holes 11 at the bottom of the feeding hopper 7.

[0038] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0039] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are knowledgeable of all existing technologies in that field, and possess the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Therefore, those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in conjunction with their own capabilities. Typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace, comprising a combustion chamber, a slag chamber, and a water grate, wherein the combustion chamber is connected to a side air inlet and a side fire passage, the side fire passage being used to connect to a boiler, characterized in that, The combustion chamber is surrounded by a circulating water chamber. The water grate passes through the combustion chamber and connects the circulating water chambers on both sides of the combustion chamber. An open-top feed hopper is provided above the combustion chamber.

2. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water grate includes an upper water grate and a lower water grate, with a gap between the pipes of the upper water grate and the lower water grate. The space between the upper water grate and the lower water grate is a combustion layer, with a side air inlet on one side of the combustion layer and a side fire passage above the other side.

3. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 2, characterized in that: A cooling water passage runs through the combustion chamber, and the cooling water passage connects the circulating water chambers on both sides of the combustion chamber.

4. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling water channel is located close to the side fire passage, and the area between the cooling water channel and the side fire passage is a flue gas combustion passage.

5. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The feed hopper has air inlets on its walls from top to bottom.

6. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that: The circulating water chamber is connected to the circulating water inlet and the circulating water outlet, which are used to connect to the boiler for waste heat recovery.

7. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the circulating water chamber is equipped with a steam exhaust port.

8. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side air inlet is equipped with a rotatable air inlet door, and the side air inlet is equipped with several air vents. The air inlet door is also equipped with a corresponding number of air vents. The air inlet door is opened and closed by rotating to control the air vents to alternate.

9. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed hopper is cone-shaped.

10. The biomass fuel reverse combustion furnace according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the feeding hopper is provided with multiple ventilation holes, and the side air inlet is positioned opposite the bottom of the feeding hopper.

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