A positioning and building device for hot blast stove wall ring joint refractory bricks

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of hot blast stove masonry technology, and discloses a positioning and masonry device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall. It includes a base, with a furnace wall surrounding the top of the base. A lifting and fixing assembly is located at the center of the top of the base, and a pressurizing assembly is located directly above the lifting and fixing assembly. The pressurizing assembly includes a telescopic platform, and four rack-and-pinion telescopic arms are symmetrically arranged inside the pressurizing assembly. Each of the four rack-and-pinion telescopic arms has a V-shaped adaptive contact head fixedly connected to its end. A driven gear is installed at the center of the telescopic platform, and a driving gear is located eccentrically inside the telescopic platform. In this utility model, vertical self-locking and standard circumferential joints are achieved through an irregularly shaped brick structure, and thermal stress is dissipated through wedge bricks and an elastic layer. Combined with the circular reference and radial preload provided by the positioning device, the geometric accuracy and structural stability of the furnace wall are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hot blast stove construction technology, and in particular to a positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of hot blast stove walls. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, hot blast stoves are core thermal equipment in the metallurgical industry, and their long-term stable operation is crucial to the entire production process. The interior of a hot blast stove endures a harsh environment of high temperature, high pressure, and chemical corrosion, and its refractory brick lining is a key barrier ensuring the safety of the furnace shell and achieving efficient heat exchange. Therefore, the quality of the furnace wall construction, especially the construction precision of the circumferential joints (i.e., thermal expansion joints) designed to accommodate large temperature variations, directly determines the service life and operational safety of the hot blast stove.

[0003] Regarding the aforementioned issues, the existing construction process for hot blast stove walls is typically as follows: Inside the furnace shell, workers use tools such as ink lines and wire to mark the horizontal elevation of each layer of bricks and the inner diameter of the furnace wall, based on the design drawings. During construction, workers place refractory bricks of a standard shape one by one. To create circumferential expansion joints between the bricks, they manually insert temporary fillers such as wood chips or corrugated cardboard of a specific thickness between the bricks. The precision control of the entire construction process heavily relies on the workers referring to the baseline and using handheld tools such as straightedges and levels for continuous comparison and adjustment.

[0004] However, the shortcomings of existing technologies are as follows: First, controlling the circumferential joint width by inserting wood chips or cardboard introduces significant uncertainty. The thickness of these temporary fillers varies, and the depth and compaction during manual placement are difficult to achieve perfectly. They also shift during construction, resulting in an uneven circumferential joint width. Second, during high-temperature operation, the uneven circumferential joint prevents the refractory bricks from absorbing expansion stress evenly, leading to excessive local stress concentration. This can easily cause brick cracking, misalignment, or even furnace wall bulging, severely impacting structural stability. Third, relying entirely on manual measurement and positioning inevitably introduces cumulative errors. Even small deviations in a single brick can be transmitted and amplified to the entire furnace wall, resulting in poor roundness and affecting the uniformity of airflow. Finally, traditional processes lack an effective process calibration and pre-stabilization method. Before the newly constructed brick wall is fully closed and compacted, it remains loose, affecting not only the accuracy of subsequent construction but also making it impossible to comprehensively inspect and correct the geometric accuracy of the entire wall during construction.

[0005] To address the above problems, a positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joints of hot blast stove walls is proposed. Utility Model Content

[0006] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a positioning and masonry device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall. It aims to solve the problems of uncontrollable circumferential joint accuracy, stress concentration in the furnace wall, and lack of precise positioning and calibration methods and construction efficiency in the existing positioning and masonry device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall, which relies on manual labor and temporary fillers.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall, comprising a base, a furnace wall surrounding the top of the base, a lifting and fixing assembly at the center of the top of the base, a pressurizing assembly directly above the lifting and fixing assembly, the pressurizing assembly comprising a telescopic platform, four rack-and-pinion telescopic arms symmetrically arranged inside the pressurizing assembly, and V-shaped adaptive contact heads fixedly connected to the ends of the four rack-and-pinion telescopic arms, a driven gear installed at the center of the telescopic platform, a driving gear eccentrically arranged inside the telescopic platform, and the driven gear and the driving gear meshing with each other, and a drive motor installed at the bottom of the driving gear.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0009] The lifting and fixing assembly includes a central chassis, with multiple fixing ears installed on the outer side of the central chassis, and adjustable support feet connected internally to the fixing ears. A drive motor is located at the center of the bottom of the central chassis, and a central lead screw is fixedly connected to the output end of the central chassis.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0011] The telescopic platform is located directly above the central chassis, and the outer thread of the central lead screw is connected to the inside of the telescopic platform.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0013] Multiple telescopic rods are installed between the telescopic platform and the central chassis.

[0014] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0015] The thickness of the driving gear is less than the thickness of the driven gear, and the multiple rack-and-pinion telescopic arms are located at different positions inside the telescopic platform.

[0016] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0017] The furnace wall includes multiple refractory bricks, with a T-shaped protrusion fixedly connected to the top of each refractory brick and a T-shaped groove provided at the bottom of each refractory brick, the T-shaped protrusion being inserted into the interior of the T-shaped groove.

[0018] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0019] One side of the refractory brick is a concave arc surface, and the other side of the refractory brick is a convex arc surface, with a gap between them.

[0020] As a further description of the above technical solution:

[0021] A compensating wedge brick is installed between the two refractory bricks, and an elastic refractory fiber layer is provided on the outer side of the compensating wedge brick.

[0022] This utility model has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. In this invention, the T-shaped protrusion at the top of the refractory brick and the T-shaped groove at the bottom form a stable vertical self-locking mechanism, effectively preventing brick misalignment and tipping. The unique concave-convex arc surface design on both sides of the refractory brick allows for the automatic formation of standardized gaps between bricks, eliminating the need for temporary fillers to ensure the accuracy of expansion joints. The introduction of compensating wedge bricks not only provides precise positioning and support during construction but also cleverly transforms circumferential thermal expansion stress into radial pressure directed towards the furnace shell during furnace heating, which is then absorbed and buffered by the elastic refractory fiber layer. This "stress diversion" mechanism greatly avoids brick crushing and furnace wall bulging deformation caused by thermal expansion, significantly improving the overall structural stability and service life of the furnace wall.

[0024] 2. In this utility model, the lifting and fixing assembly allows the pressurizing assembly to be precisely moved to the construction height of each layer of the furnace wall. During construction, four rack-and-pinion telescopic arms, controlled by a drive motor and driven by driven and driven gears, extend synchronously. The V-shaped adaptive contact heads at their ends provide a perfect circular reference for the placement of the compensating wedge bricks. After the entire furnace wall is constructed, a uniform radial preload is applied by further driving the telescopic arms, which "compacts" and "positions" the loose masonry, completely eliminating accumulated errors and ensuring the roundness and initial stability of the furnace wall. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a positioning and masonry device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall, as proposed in this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the V-shaped adaptive contact head of the positioning and masonry device for the circumferential joint refractory bricks of a hot blast stove wall proposed in this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the active gear of the positioning and masonry device for the circumferential joint refractory bricks of a hot blast stove wall proposed in this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0029] Legend:

[0030] 1. Base; 2. Furnace wall; 201. Refractory brick; 202. T-shaped protrusion; 203. Gap joint; 204. Compensating wedge brick; 205. Elastic refractory fiber layer; 3. Lifting and fixing assembly; 301. Central chassis; 302. Central lead screw; 303. Drive motor one; 304. Fixing lug; 305. Adjustable support foot; 306. Telescopic rod; 4. Pressurization assembly; 401. Telescopic platform; 402. Rack and pinion telescopic arm; 403. V-shaped adaptive contact head; 404. Drive motor two; 405. Driven gear; 406. Driven gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 4 This utility model provides an embodiment of a positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall. One of its core features is the optimized design of the construction structure of the stove wall 2 itself. The stove wall 2 is arranged around the top of a base 1, and the basic unit constituting the stove wall 2 consists of multiple specially designed refractory bricks 201. A T-shaped protrusion 202 is integrally fixed to the upper surface of each refractory brick 201, while a T-shaped groove of matching shape and size is formed on its corresponding lower surface. During vertical stacking construction, the T-shaped groove of the upper layer of refractory brick 201 can be directly inserted into the T-shaped protrusion 202 of the lower layer of refractory brick 201, forming a stable vertical self-locking structure between layers. This design greatly enhances the integrity of the stove wall 2 and effectively prevents individual bricks from tilting or shifting towards the inside or outside of the furnace during the construction process or under subsequent stress.

[0033] Furthermore, to precisely reserve the circumferential thermal expansion joint, the two sides of each refractory brick 201 arranged circumferentially are designed with a special curved shape. Specifically, one side is set as an inwardly concave arc surface, while the other side is set as an outwardly convex arc surface. When two adjacent refractory bricks 201 are laid side by side, their concave and convex arc surfaces will not fit tightly together, but will automatically and uniformly form a standardized gap 203. In the gap 203 formed between two refractory bricks 201, a compensating wedge brick 204 is installed. The cross-sectional profile of the compensating wedge brick 204 is precisely matched with the shape of the gap 203, serving a dual function of filling and positioning. At the same time, on the outside of the compensating wedge brick 204, that is, the side closer to the furnace shell, an elastic refractory fiber layer 205 is also covered. When the hot blast stove is heated, this structure can cleverly decompose and transform the circumferential expansion stress generated by the heating of the refractory brick 201 into radial pressure pointing towards the furnace shell through the wedge structure of the compensating wedge brick 204. This radial pressure is ultimately effectively compressed, absorbed, and buffered by the elastic refractory fiber layer 205, thereby scientifically relieving stress and avoiding problems such as crushing and breaking of the refractory brick 201 or bulging and deformation of the furnace wall 2 that may be caused by stress concentration. This significantly improves the structural stability and service life of the furnace wall 2.

[0034] At the top center of the base 1, a lifting and fixing assembly 3 and a pressurizing assembly 4 are installed. The lifting and fixing assembly 3 includes a central chassis 301, on the outside of which adjustable support feet 305 are threadedly connected via multiple fixing lugs 304 for precise leveling and centering on site; a drive motor 303 is installed at the bottom center of the central chassis 301, and its output end is fixedly connected to and drives a vertical central lead screw 302 to rotate.

[0035] The core component of the pressurizing assembly 4 is a telescopic platform 401, located directly above the central chassis 301, with its internal central thread connected to the outside of the central lead screw 302. Therefore, by starting, stopping, and reversing the drive motor 303, the telescopic platform 401 can be smoothly and vertically raised and lowered along the central lead screw 302 to accommodate the construction requirements of different furnace wall heights. To further enhance the stability of the lifting process and prevent swaying, multiple telescopic rods 306 are connected between the telescopic platform 401 and the central chassis 301 as auxiliary supports and guides. The positioning function of the pressurizing assembly 4 is achieved by its internal transmission mechanism. An active gear 406, driven by the drive motor 404, is located eccentrically inside the telescopic platform 401. This active gear 406 meshes with a driven gear 405 installed at the center inside the telescopic platform 401. The driven gear 405 is thicker than the driving gear 406, and it simultaneously meshes with the rack portions of four rack-type telescopic arms 402 symmetrically arranged at different internal positions, thereby enabling all rack-type telescopic arms 402 to extend outward or retract inward synchronously at the same speed and distance. At the end of each rack-type telescopic arm 402, a V-shaped adaptive contact head 403 is fixedly connected, and its V-shaped opening can just abut against and position the aforementioned compensating wedge brick 204 from the rear.

[0036] In actual construction, after the platform is raised to the designated height, the drive motor 404 is started to make the four rack-and-pinion telescopic arms 402 extend synchronously, forming a perfect circular reference. The craftsmen then build the entire ring of furnace wall 2 along this reference. After the wall is closed, the rack-and-pinion telescopic arms 402 can be driven again to apply a uniform radial preload to "compact" and "return" the entire ring of masonry, completely eliminating accumulated errors.

[0037] Working principle: First, the device including the lifting and fixing assembly 3 is placed in the center of the base 1. By adjusting the multiple adjustable support feet 305 that are threadedly connected to the fixing ears 304, the central chassis 301 is stably positioned. The drive motor 303 installed at the bottom of the central chassis 301 is started. This motor drives the central lead screw 302 connected to its output end to rotate. Since the telescopic platform 401 of the pressurizing assembly 4 is engaged with the central lead screw 302 through internal threads, and guided by multiple telescopic rods 306, the telescopic platform 401 will smoothly rise and fall vertically along the central lead screw 302 until the preset masonry height is reached. Subsequently, the drive motor 404 inside the telescopic platform 401 is started. This motor drives the drive gear 406 to rotate, and through meshing, drives the driven gear 405 to rotate. Since the driven gear 405 meshes with the rack parts of the four rack-type telescopic arms 402 at the same time, it will drive all the rack-type telescopic arms 402 to extend outward or retract inward synchronously. When constructing the furnace wall 2, the V-shaped adaptive contact head 403 at the end of the rack-and-pinion telescopic arm 402 abuts against the elastic refractory fiber layer 205 on the outside of the compensating wedge brick 204 between two refractory bricks 201, thereby providing a positioning reference and applying pre-tightening force for the construction of the entire furnace wall 2. The furnace wall 2 itself is constructed by inserting the T-shaped groove at the bottom of the upper layer of refractory brick 201 into the T-shaped protrusion 202 at the top of the lower layer of refractory brick 201, achieving layer-by-layer stacking. The circumferential gap 203 is naturally formed by the concave and convex arc surfaces on both sides of the refractory brick 201 and filled by the compensating wedge brick 204.

Claims

1. A positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A furnace wall (2) is arranged around the top of the base (1). A lifting and fixing assembly (3) is arranged at the center of the top of the base (1). A pressurizing assembly (4) is arranged directly above the lifting and fixing assembly (3). The pressurizing assembly (4) includes a telescopic platform (401). Four rack-type telescopic arms (402) are symmetrically arranged inside the pressurizing assembly (4). V-shaped adaptive contact heads (403) are fixedly connected to the ends of the four rack-type telescopic arms (402). A driven gear (405) is installed in the center of the telescopic platform (401). A driving gear (406) is arranged at the eccentric part of the telescopic platform (401). The driven gear (405) and the driving gear (406) mesh with each other. A second drive motor (404) is installed at the bottom of the driving gear (406).

2. The positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and fixing assembly (3) includes a central chassis (301), a plurality of fixing ears (304) are installed on the outside of the central chassis (301), and an adjustable support foot (305) is connected to the internal thread of the fixing ears (304). A drive motor (303) is provided at the bottom center of the central chassis (301), and a central lead screw (302) is fixedly connected to the output end of the central chassis (301).

3. A device for positioning and laying of refractory bricks for hot blast stove wall ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The telescopic platform (401) is located directly above the central chassis (301), and the outer side of the central lead screw (302) is threaded into the interior of the telescopic platform (401).

4. The positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple telescopic rods (306) are provided between the telescopic platform (401) and the central chassis (301).

5. A positioning and building device for hot blast stove wall ring joint refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the driving gear (406) is less than the thickness of the driven gear (405), and the multiple rack-and-pinion telescopic arms (402) are located at different positions inside the telescopic platform (401).

6. A positioning and building device for hot blast stove wall ring joint refractory bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The furnace wall (2) includes multiple refractory bricks (201), with a T-shaped protrusion (202) fixedly connected to the top of the refractory brick (201) and a T-shaped groove provided at the bottom of the refractory brick (201), with the T-shaped protrusion (202) inserted into the inside of the T-shaped groove.

7. The positioning and construction device for refractory bricks in the circumferential joint of a hot blast stove wall according to claim 6, characterized in that: One side of the refractory brick (201) is configured as an inwardly concave arc surface, and the other side of the refractory brick (201) is configured as an outwardly convex arc surface, and a gap (203) is provided between the two.

8. A device for positioning and laying of refractory bricks for hot blast stove wall ring according to claim 7, characterized in that: A compensating wedge brick (204) is installed between the two refractory bricks (201), and an elastic refractory fiber layer (205) is provided on the outside of the compensating wedge brick (204).

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