A double-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine

Abstract

The utility model belongs to abrasion testing machine technical field, concretely is a kind of double-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine, the whole test machine adopts horizontal symmetry structure design, is composed of workbench, friction pair mechanism, driving mechanism, test load loading mechanism, mortar collecting groove, the friction pair mechanism is arranged two abrasion stations, can test two samples simultaneously. Using the abrasion testing machine can not only test the wear resistance of a sample individually, but also test two samples under the same working condition simultaneously. This not only significantly improves the experimental efficiency and shortens the development cycle, but also greatly reduces the experimental error, scientifically and accurately evaluates the relative wear resistance of the material to be tested, and improves the data comparability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the technical field of wear testing machines, specifically a dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine, which is suitable for testing the wear resistance of samples. Background Technology

[0002] The wet sand / rubber wheel abrasion test is a laboratory method for testing the wear resistance of materials. The reference standards are ASTM G105 "Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand / Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests" and JB / T 7705 "Test Method for Wear of Loose Abrasives - Rubber Wheel Method". This method involves suspending a certain mass of weight using a lever arm, causing a normal load on the rubber wheel. The rotating rubber wheel then drives loose abrasive particles such as sand and gravel mixed with water to wear down the sample. The wear resistance of the material is evaluated by calculating the mass loss or volume loss of the sample. Currently, to fully assess the wear resistance of the sample, a comparative test is usually used. This involves preparing three standard samples and three samples to be tested, alternating between them for wear testing, and comparing the average weight loss of the two to evaluate the relative wear resistance of the sample to be tested.

[0003] In recent years, with the continuous development of wear-resistant materials in the coal mining equipment field, the demand for wear resistance testing of materials has also been increasing. Traditional wear testing machines, due to their single station, can only test the weight loss of one sample per test. Furthermore, as the number of measurements increases, the particle size (roughness) of the aggregate and the outer contour of the rubber wheel will change, making it impossible to conduct comparative tests entirely under the same working conditions. Therefore, its limitations have gradually become apparent, both in terms of operator efficiency and data comparability. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this utility model provides a dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0005] A dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine is provided. The testing machine adopts a horizontally symmetrical structure design and consists of a workbench, a friction pair mechanism, a drive mechanism, a test load loading mechanism, and a slurry collection tank. The friction pair mechanism is centrally located at the front of the workbench and has two wear stations. The drive mechanism is located behind the friction pair mechanism. The test load loading structures are located on the left and right sides of the friction pair mechanism. The slurry collection tank is located below the friction pair mechanism for collecting slurry.

[0006] The friction pair mechanism includes a mortar tank, a rubber wheel, an impeller, a clamp, a main shaft, a main shaft seat, a main shaft fixing plate, a loading shaft, a loading shaft fixing plate, a loading shaft fixing sleeve, a cover plate, and a side plate. Two sand-leaking holes are opened at the bottom of the mortar tank. Two wear stations are set in the mortar tank, each consisting of a rubber wheel, an impeller, a clamp, a main shaft, and a loading shaft. One end of the main shaft is fixed to the workbench via the main shaft seat, and the other end passes through the mortar tank and the main shaft fixing plate. The main shaft fixing plate is fixed to the mortar tank via a threaded connection. The main shaft is a stepped shaft with a threaded front end. The rubber wheel is tightly attached to two impellers at the front and rear, respectively, and connected to the main shaft via a key. After tightening the nut to the front end of the main shaft via a threaded connection, axial positioning is applied to the rubber wheel and impellers. The impellers move simultaneously with the rubber wheel. The loading shaft rotates in the direction of rotation; one end of the loading shaft passes through the loading shaft fixing sleeve, mortar groove, and loading shaft fixing plate in sequence and connects to the fixture. The loading shaft fixing sleeve and loading shaft fixing plate are fixed to the left and right sides of the mortar groove by threaded connection. The loading shaft fixing plate has a sealing ring inside; the fixture is located on the radial outer side of the rubber wheel and its clamping surface is parallel to and opposite to the outer circumferential surface of the rubber wheel. One side of the fixture is the clamping surface and the other side is the connecting surface. The connecting surface of the fixture is machined with a groove that can cooperate with the loading shaft. A through hole is machined on the top of the fixture. A threaded through hole is machined on the loading shaft. The bolt passes through the through hole of the fixture and connects with the threaded through hole of the loading shaft, thereby fixing the fixture on the loading shaft. The clamping surface of the fixture is machined with a groove that matches the size of the sample. There are two threaded holes on each side of the groove. The set screw is screwed into the threaded hole to tighten the sample, thereby fixing the sample in the fixture;

[0007] The drive mechanism includes a servo motor, a servo motor mount, a linear motor, a transmission device, a flexible diaphragm coupling, a torque sensor, and a torque sensor mount. The servo motor is fixed to the workbench via the servo motor mount, the torque sensor is fixed to the workbench via the torque sensor mount, and the linear motor and transmission device are directly fixed to the workbench via threaded connections. The servo motor, transmission device, torque sensor, and spindle are connected sequentially via the flexible diaphragm coupling.

[0008] The test load loading mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the friction pair mechanism, including a ball screw motor, a motor mounting base, a connecting plate, a connecting rod, a slide rail, a pressure sensor, a pressure block, a spring, and a force application plate. The slide rail is fixed to the workbench frame by a threaded connection. The bottom of the connecting plate and the bottom of the force application plate are connected to the slide rail. The connecting plate and the force application plate can only move linearly on the slide rail. The connecting plate and the force application plate are connected by a connecting rod. The ball screw motor is fixed to the workbench frame by a motor mounting base. One end of the connecting plate is threaded to the ball screw motor nut. The rotation of the motor can drive the connecting plate to move left and right. The other end of the connecting plate is threaded to the fixed end of the pressure sensor. One side of the pressure block is threaded to the force-bearing end of the sensor. A blind hole is machined on the other side of the pressure block. One end of the spring is interference-fitted with the blind hole of the pressure block. The other end of the spring presses against one side of the force application plate. The other side of the force application plate is threaded to the loading shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the transmission device includes an input gear shaft, a connecting gear shaft, a movable gear shaft, an output gear shaft, bearings, and a gearbox. The input gear shaft, connecting gear shaft, movable gear shaft, and output gear shaft are sequentially assembled in the gearbox via bearings. One end of the input gear shaft is connected to a servo motor, and the other end is connected to a torque sensor. One end of the movable gear shaft is connected to a linear motor, and one end of the output gear shaft is connected to a torque sensor. The linear motor can control the meshing of the movable gear shaft with the adjacent gear shaft.

[0010] Preferably, when the rubber wheels rotate, the left rubber wheel rotates clockwise and the right rubber wheel rotates counterclockwise.

[0011] Preferably, a limiter is provided behind the connecting plate to limit the displacement of the connecting plate.

[0012] Preferably, the pressure sensor monitors the test load in real time and feeds it back to the ball screw motor, and the torque sensor monitors the torque of the friction pair in real time. By measuring the torque of the friction pair, the test load, and the diameter of the rubber wheel, the friction force and the coefficient of friction are calculated.

[0013] The servo motor of this testing machine has a speed range of 1~3000 r·min. -1 Stepless speed regulation, test load range is 10~500N.

[0014] Compared with existing testing equipment, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. This utility model, by setting up a dual-station, can test the wear resistance of a single sample individually, or test two samples simultaneously under the same working conditions. This not only significantly improves experimental efficiency and shortens the research and development cycle, making it suitable for large-scale material wear resistance testing or comparative experiments, but also greatly reduces experimental errors, scientifically and accurately assesses the relative wear resistance of the tested materials, and improves data comparability.

[0016] 2. The rubber wheel speed and test load settings have a wide range to meet personalized test parameter requirements;

[0017] 3. Built-in pressure and torque sensors can monitor parameters such as test load, friction force, and friction coefficient in real time, meeting the needs of multi-dimensional test analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the main structure of the dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a top view of the main structure of the dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine;

[0021] Figure 3 This is an isometric view of the dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixture assembly.

[0023] In the diagram: 1-Mortar tank; 2-Sand leakage hole; 3-Rubber wheel; 4-Agitator impeller; 5-Clamp; 6-Loading shaft fixing plate; 7-Pressure block; 8-Main shaft; 9-Main shaft seat; 10-Workbench frame; 11-Elastic diaphragm coupling; 12-Torque sensor; 13-Torque sensor fixing seat; 14-Bearing; 15-Output gear shaft; 16-Moving gear shaft; 17-Connecting gear shaft; 18-Linear motor; 19-Servo motor fixing seat; 20-Servo motor; 21-Input gear shaft; 22-Gearbox; 23-Ball screw motor; 24-Motor fixing seat; 25-Connecting plate; 26-Loading shaft fixing sleeve; 27-Loading shaft; 28-Spring; 29-Pressure sensor; 30-Connecting rod; 31-Limiter; 32-Slide rail; 33-Force application plate; 34-Main shaft fixing plate; 35-Mortar collection tank; 36-Side plate; 37-Cover plate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so as to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution provided by the present invention.

[0025] In this utility model, unless otherwise stated, directional terms such as "up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, outside" in the terminology only represent the orientation of the term in its conventional use or are common terms understood by those skilled in the art, and should not be regarded as a limitation on the term.

[0026] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0027] Please see Figures 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution for a dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine. The testing machine adopts a horizontally symmetrical structure design and consists of a workbench 10, a friction pair mechanism, a drive mechanism, a test load loading mechanism, and a slurry collection tank 35. The friction pair mechanism is centrally located at the front of the workbench 10 and has two wear stations, allowing two samples to be clamped and tested simultaneously. The friction pair mechanism is centrally located at the front of the workbench 10, with the drive mechanism behind it. The test load loading structures are located on the left and right sides of the friction pair mechanism, and the slurry collection tank 35 is located below the friction pair mechanism for collecting slurry.

[0028] The friction pair mechanism includes a mortar tank 1, a rubber wheel 3, a stirring impeller 4, a clamp 5, a main shaft 8, a main shaft seat 9, a main shaft fixing plate 34, a loading shaft 27, a loading shaft fixing plate 6, a loading shaft fixing sleeve 26, a cover plate 37, and a side plate 36. The bottom of the mortar tank 1 has two sand leakage holes 2. Two wear stations are set in the mortar tank 1, each consisting of a rubber wheel 3, a stirring impeller 4, a clamp 5, a main shaft 8, and a loading shaft 27. One end of the main shaft 8 is fixed to the workbench 10 via the main shaft seat 9, and the other end passes through the mortar tank 1 and the main shaft fixing plate 34. The main shaft fixing plate 34 is fixed to the mortar tank 1 via a threaded connection. The main shaft 8 is a stepped shaft with a threaded front end. The rubber wheel 3 is tightly attached to the two stirring impellers 4 at the front and rear, respectively, and is connected to the main shaft 8 via a key. After the nut is tightened to the front end of the main shaft 8 via a threaded connection, axial positioning is applied to the rubber wheel 3 and the stirring impellers 4. The stirring impellers 4 move simultaneously and in the same direction as the rubber wheel 3. Rotation; one end of the loading shaft 27 passes through the loading shaft fixing sleeve 26, the mortar tank 1, and the loading shaft fixing plate 6 in sequence and connects to the clamp 5. The loading shaft fixing sleeve 26 and the loading shaft fixing plate 6 are fixed to the left and right sides of the mortar tank 1 by threaded connection. The loading shaft fixing plate 6 has a built-in sealing ring. The clamp 5 is located radially outside the rubber wheel 3 and its clamping surface is parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the rubber wheel 3. One side of the clamp 5 is the clamping surface and the other side is the connecting surface. The connecting surface of the clamp 5 is machined with a groove that can cooperate with the loading shaft 27. A through hole is machined on the top of the clamp 5. The loading shaft 27 is machined with a threaded through hole. The bolt passes through the through hole of the clamp 5 and connects with the threaded through hole of the loading shaft 27, thereby fixing the clamp 5 on the loading shaft 27. The clamping surface of the clamp 5 is machined with a groove that matches the size of the sample. There are two threaded holes on each side of the groove. The set screw is screwed into the threaded hole to tighten the sample, thereby fixing the sample in the clamp 5. The sample placed in the clamp 5 can be rubbed against the rubber wheel 3.

[0029] The drive mechanism includes a servo motor 20, a servo motor mounting base 19, a linear motor 18, a transmission device, a flexible diaphragm coupling 11, a torque sensor 12, and a torque sensor mounting base 13. The servo motor 20 is fixed to the workbench 10 via the servo motor mounting base 19, the torque sensor 12 is fixed to the workbench 10 via the torque sensor mounting base 13, and the linear motor 18 and the transmission device are directly fixed to the workbench 10 via threaded connections. The servo motor 20, the transmission device, the torque sensor 12, and the main shaft 8 are sequentially connected via the flexible diaphragm coupling 11. The servo motor 20 serves as the power source, ultimately controlling the rotation of the rubber wheel 3. Furthermore, the transmission device includes an input gear shaft 21, a connecting gear shaft 17, a movable gear shaft 16, and an output gear shaft 21. The gear shaft 15, bearing 14, and gearbox 22 are assembled sequentially in the gearbox 22 via the bearing 14. One end of the input gear shaft 21 is connected to the servo motor 20, and the other end is connected to the torque sensor 12. One end of the movable gear shaft 16 is connected to the linear motor 18, and one end of the output gear shaft 15 is connected to the torque sensor 12. The linear motor 18 can control the meshing of the movable gear shaft 16 with the adjacent gear shaft, thereby enabling the left and right rubber wheels 3 to rotate simultaneously in opposite directions or the left rubber wheel to rotate alone. Furthermore, when the rubber wheels 3 rotate, the left rubber wheel rotates clockwise, and the right rubber wheel rotates counterclockwise, so that the stirring impeller 4 can stir the mortar towards the sample.

[0030] The test load loading mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the friction pair mechanism, including a ball screw motor 23, a motor mounting base 24, a connecting plate 25, a connecting rod 30, a slide rail 32, a pressure sensor 29, a pressure block 7, a spring 28, and a force application plate 33. The slide rail 32 is fixed to the workbench 10 by a threaded connection. The bottom of the connecting plate 25 and the bottom of the force application plate 33 are connected to the slide rail 32. The connecting plate 25 and the force application plate 33 can only move linearly on the slide rail 32. The connecting plate 25 and the force application plate 33 are connected by the connecting rod 30. The connecting rod 30 is used to connect the connecting plate 25 and the force application plate 33 when unloading the test load. The retraction of the connecting plate 25 can drive the force application plate 33 to retract together. The ball screw motor 23 is fixed to the workbench frame 10 via the motor mounting base 24. One end of the connecting plate 25 is threadedly connected to the nut of the ball screw motor 23. The rotation of the motor can drive the connecting plate 25 to move left and right. The other end of the connecting plate 25 is threadedly connected to the fixed end of the pressure sensor 29. One side of the pressure block 7 is threadedly connected to the force-bearing end of the sensor. A blind hole is machined on the other side of the pressure block 7. One end of the spring 28 is interference-fitted with the blind hole of the pressure block 7. The other end of the spring 28 presses against one side of the force-applying plate 33. The other side of the force-applying plate 33 is threadedly connected to the loading shaft 27. In addition, to prevent the nut of the ball screw motor 23 from unscrewing, a limiter 31 is provided behind the connecting plate 25 to limit the displacement of the connecting plate 25.

[0031] With the above structure, the pressure sensor 29 can monitor the test load of the friction pair in real time and feed it back to the ball screw motor 23. The ball screw motor 23 can dynamically adjust the test load within the set accuracy range. The torque sensor 12 monitors the torque of the friction pair in real time. By measuring the friction pair torque, test load, and rubber wheel diameter, the friction force and friction coefficient can be calculated. The calculation formula is as follows: ,

[0032] In the formula: f —Friction, N;

[0033] μ —Coefficient of friction;

[0034] T —Torque, N·m;

[0035] l —Rubber wheel radius, mm;

[0036] F n —Test force, N.

[0037] Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in this document to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concepts of this utility model.

Claims

1. A dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine, characterized in that, The testing machine adopts a horizontally symmetrical structure design and consists of a workbench (10), a friction pair mechanism, a drive mechanism, a test load loading mechanism, and a mortar collection tank (35). The friction pair mechanism is located in the center in front of the workbench (10) and has two wear stations. The drive mechanism is located behind the friction pair mechanism, and the test load loading structures are located on the left and right sides of the friction pair mechanism. The mortar collection tank (35) is located below the friction pair mechanism and is used to collect mortar. The friction pair mechanism includes a mortar tank (1), a rubber wheel (3), a stirring impeller (4), a clamp (5), a main shaft (8), a main shaft seat (9), a main shaft fixing plate (34), a loading shaft (27), a loading shaft fixing plate (6), a loading shaft fixing sleeve (26), a cover plate (37), and a side plate (36). The mortar tank (1) has two sand leakage holes (2) at its bottom. Two wear stations are set in the mortar tank (1), each wear station consisting of a rubber wheel (3), a stirring impeller (4), a clamp (5), a main shaft (8), and a loading shaft fixing sleeve (26). The shaft (27) is composed of a main shaft (8). One end of the main shaft (8) is fixed to the workbench (10) via the main shaft seat (9), and the other end passes through the mortar tank (1) and the main shaft fixing plate (34). The main shaft fixing plate (34) is fixed to the mortar tank (1) via a threaded connection. The main shaft (8) is a stepped shaft with a threaded front end. The rubber wheel (3) is tightly attached to the two stirring impellers (4) at the front and rear, respectively, and is connected to the main shaft (8) via a key. After the nut is tightened to the front end of the main shaft (8) via a threaded connection, axial positioning is applied to the rubber wheel (3) and the stirring impellers (4). The stirring impeller (4) can rotate simultaneously and in the same direction with the rubber wheel (3); one end of the loading shaft (27) passes through the loading shaft fixing sleeve (26), the mortar tank (1), and the loading shaft fixing plate (6) in sequence and is connected to the clamp (5). The loading shaft fixing sleeve (26) and the loading shaft fixing plate (6) are fixed on the left and right sides of the mortar tank (1) by threaded connection. The loading shaft fixing plate (6) has a sealing ring inside; the clamp (5) is located on the radial outside of the rubber wheel (3) and its clamping surface is parallel to the outer circumferential surface of the rubber wheel (3). One side of the clamp (5) The clamping surface is one side, and the connecting surface is the other side. The connecting surface of the clamp (5) is machined with a groove that can be matched with the loading shaft (27). A through hole is machined on the top of the clamp (5), and a threaded through hole is machined on the loading shaft (27). The bolt passes through the through hole of the clamp (5) and connects with the threaded through hole of the loading shaft (27), thereby fixing the clamp (5) on the loading shaft (27). The clamping surface of the clamp (5) is machined with a groove that matches the size of the sample. There are two threaded holes on each side of the groove. The set screw is screwed into the threaded hole to tighten the sample, thereby fixing the sample in the clamp (5). The drive mechanism includes a servo motor (20), a servo motor mounting base (19), a linear motor (18), a transmission device, an elastic diaphragm coupling (11), a torque sensor (12), and a torque sensor mounting base (13). The servo motor (20) is fixed to the workbench (10) via the servo motor mounting base (19), the torque sensor (12) is fixed to the workbench (10) via the torque sensor mounting base (13), and the linear motor (18) and the transmission device are directly fixed to the workbench (10) via threaded connections. The servo motor (20), the transmission device, the torque sensor (12), and the spindle (8) are connected in sequence via the elastic diaphragm coupling (11). The test load loading mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the friction pair mechanism, including a ball screw motor (23), a motor mounting base (24), a connecting plate (25), a connecting rod (30), a slide rail (32), a pressure sensor (29), a pressure block (7), a spring (28), and a force application plate (33). The slide rail (32) is fixed to the workbench (10) by a threaded connection. The bottom of the connecting plate (25) and the bottom of the force application plate (33) are connected to the slide rail (32). The connecting plate (25) and the force application plate (33) can only move linearly on the slide rail (32). The connecting plate (25) and the force application plate (33) are connected by the connecting rod (30). Connect; the ball screw motor (23) is fixed on the workbench frame (10) through the motor mounting base (24). One end of the connecting plate (25) is connected to the nut of the ball screw motor (23) by a thread. The rotation of the motor can drive the connecting plate (25) to move left and right. The other end of the connecting plate (25) is connected to the fixed end of the pressure sensor (29) by a thread. One side of the pressure block (7) is connected to the force-bearing end of the sensor by a thread. The other side of the pressure block (7) is machined with a blind hole. One end of the spring (28) is interference-fitted with the blind hole of the pressure block (7). The other end of the spring (28) presses against one side of the force-applying plate (33). The other side of the force-applying plate (33) is connected to the loading shaft (27) by a thread.

2. The dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission device includes an input gear shaft (21), a connecting gear shaft (17), a movable gear shaft (16), an output gear shaft (15), a bearing (14), and a gearbox (22). The input gear shaft (21), the connecting gear shaft (17), the movable gear shaft (16), and the output gear shaft (15) are sequentially assembled in the gearbox (22) via the bearing (14). One end of the input gear shaft (21) is connected to a servo motor (20), and the other end is connected to a torque sensor (12). One end of the movable gear shaft (16) is connected to a linear motor (18), and one end of the output gear shaft (15) is connected to a torque sensor (12). The linear motor (18) can control the meshing of the movable gear shaft (16) with the adjacent gear shaft.

3. The dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the rubber wheel (3) rotates, the left rubber wheel rotates clockwise and the right rubber wheel rotates counterclockwise.

4. The dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A limiter (31) is provided behind the connecting plate (25) to limit the displacement of the connecting plate (25).

5. The dual-station wet sand rubber wheel friction and wear testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure sensor (29) monitors the test load in real time and feeds it back to the ball screw motor (23). The torque sensor (12) monitors the torque of the friction pair in real time. By measuring the torque of the friction pair, the test load, and the diameter of the rubber wheel, the friction force and the coefficient of friction are calculated.

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