Composite planting device for switching from aeroponics to substrate cultivation
By designing a movable planting board and a hydraulically driven storage box in the soilless cultivation equipment, flexible switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation can be achieved, which solves the limitations of a single cultivation mode, improves resource utilization and planting efficiency, and protects plant roots.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- YUANMOU COUNTY CHANGE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-12
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing soilless cultivation equipment can only use substrate cultivation or aeroponics, which is difficult to meet the differentiated needs of different plants at different growth stages. It has low resource utilization and the switching of cultivation modes is complicated and can easily damage the root system.
Design a composite planting device that allows switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation. The planting box is divided into a substrate cultivation chamber and an aeroponics chamber by a partition, and a movable planting board and corresponding cultivation structure are set up, including a storage box, a diversion hood and an atomizer, so as to realize flexible switching between the two cultivation modes. The device is automated by using a hydraulic cylinder and a motor drive.
It enables flexible switching of cultivation modes within the same device, improves resource utilization and planting efficiency, reduces labor intensity, meets the needs of different growth stages of plants, and protects root health.
Smart Images
Figure CN224386402U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soilless cultivation equipment technology, specifically a composite planting device that switches between aeroponic cultivation and substrate cultivation. Background Technology
[0002] Soilless cultivation, as a modern planting technology, breaks through the limitations of traditional soil cultivation and has significant advantages such as water and fertilizer conservation, high yield, and cleanliness without pollution. It has been widely used in modern agriculture and urban agriculture. Among them, substrate cultivation uses solid substrates such as perlite, vermiculite, and coconut coir to fix plant roots and supply nutrient solution. It is relatively simple to operate and suitable for the growth of a variety of plants. Aeroponics, on the other hand, sprays nutrient solution directly onto the root surface after atomization, allowing plant roots to fully contact oxygen and nutrients, resulting in faster growth, higher yield, and easier precise control of the plant growth environment.
[0003] However, existing hydroponics equipment often only supports either substrate cultivation or aeroponics, which has the following limitations: First, a single cultivation mode cannot meet the diverse environmental needs of different plants at different growth stages. For example, seedlings have fragile root systems and are better suited to stable rooting and slow growth in a substrate; while during rapid growth, the efficient nutrient supply of aeroponics is more conducive to rapid plant development. Second, single-function equipment has low resource utilization. If multiple cultivation experiments or plants with different growth habits need to be planted simultaneously, multiple sets of equipment are required, increasing equipment procurement costs and space occupation. In addition, existing cultivation equipment is mostly fixed in structure, making the switching of cultivation modes complex and sometimes requiring replanting of plants, which can easily damage the root system and affect plant growth.
[0004] In view of this, we propose a composite planting device that switches between aeroponics and substrate cultivation. Utility Model Content
[0005] To overcome the above deficiencies, this utility model provides a composite planting device that allows switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation.
[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is:
[0007] A hybrid cultivation device for switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation includes a cultivation box. The cultivation box is internally divided into a substrate cultivation chamber on the left and a mist cultivation chamber on the right by a partition. A movable frame that can move left and right is installed inside the cultivation box. A cultivation board is placed on the movable frame, and the cultivation board has evenly distributed planting holes. The planting holes are inverted conical and penetrate the cultivation board. Two handles are symmetrically fixed to the top of the cultivation board. The substrate cultivation chamber is located below the movable frame and has a vertically movable storage box containing culture medium. A flow divider is located below the mist cultivation chamber, and a connecting pipe extending outside the cultivation box is installed at the bottom of the flow divider. An atomizer is located below the cultivation box, and the connecting pipe is connected to the atomizer's air outlet pipe. By dividing the cultivation box into a substrate cultivation chamber and a mist cultivation chamber by a partition and setting up movable cultivation boards and corresponding cultivation structures (storage box, flow divider, atomizer), flexible switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation modes can be achieved within the same device. The inverted conical planting holes facilitate root extension, and the handle design makes it easier to place and remove the cultivation board. The hydraulically driven storage box is height-adjustable to accommodate the substrate depth requirements at different growth stages. The atomizer uses a distribution hood to atomize the nutrient solution, providing nutrients to the roots, while the circulation system ensures efficient utilization of the nutrient solution. The overall structure is compact and easy to operate, meeting the cultivation needs of plants at different growth stages and improving planting efficiency and resource utilization.
[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the partition has an opening for the movable frame to move. Each of the left and right sides of the movable frame has an integrally formed side plate, the size of which is adapted to the opening. This matching design of the partition opening and the side plate ensures that the opening remains sealed when the movable frame switches between the basal culture chamber and the aeroponic chamber, preventing leakage of nutrient solution or mist and improving the stability of the cultivation environment.
[0009] As a preferred technical solution, when the mobile frame is located in the substrate culture chamber, its right side panel is located within the opening; when the mobile frame is located in the aeroponic chamber, its left side panel is located within the opening. Clearly defining the position of the side panels of the mobile frame in different cultivation chambers further enhances the isolation effect between cultivation chambers, avoids mutual interference between the substrate and the aeroponic system, and ensures the independence of the two cultivation modes.
[0010] As a preferred technical solution, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the substrate culture chamber, and the storage box is fixedly connected to the piston rods of the four hydraulic cylinders. The hydraulic cylinders drive the storage box to rise and fall, which can adjust the substrate height according to the growth length of the plant roots, making the contact depth between the roots and the substrate controllable, adapting to the needs of different plant varieties or growth stages, and also allowing the storage box to be completely detached from the plant roots without affecting the movement of the mobile frame.
[0011] As a preferred technical solution, two lead screws are symmetrically and rotatably installed inside the planting box. These lead screws pass through the substrate culture chamber and the aeroponic chamber via openings. Both lead screws pass through a movable frame, which has threaded holes for threaded connection with the lead screws. Two adjusting motors, each with an output shaft coaxially fixed to the two lead screws, are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the planting box. The cooperation between the lead screws and the adjusting motors enables precise positioning and automated switching of the movable frame, improving operational efficiency, reducing manual intervention, and lowering labor intensity.
[0012] As a preferred technical solution, the planting box has two sliding doors that are staggered front to back, with the inner sliding door always in contact with the front of the partition. The staggered sliding door design ensures that the doors do not interfere with each other when opening or closing, and the inner sliding door always stays in contact with the partition, thus ensuring the airtightness of the cultivation chamber and reducing heat and humidity loss.
[0013] As a preferred technical solution, each sliding door is equipped with a glass window. The glass window facilitates observation of plant growth without the need to frequently open the sliding door, reducing interference with the cultivation environment while meeting light requirements.
[0014] As a preferred technical solution, a base is provided below the planting box, and a support leg is fixed at each of the four corners of the top of the base. The planting box is fixed to the top of the support legs. The atomizer is installed on the top of the base, and a water tank is installed on the base. A water tank cover is installed on the water tank, and the water inlet of the atomizer is connected to the water tank through a water inlet pipe, on which a water pump is installed. The design of the base and support legs improves the stability of the device, and the configuration of the water tank and water pump provides a continuous water source for the atomizer.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are:
[0016] This invention divides the planting box into a substrate culture chamber and an aeroponic chamber using a partition, and includes a movable planting board and corresponding cultivation structure (storage box, distribution hood, atomizer), enabling flexible switching between aeroponic and substrate cultivation modes within the same device. The overall structure is compact and easy to operate, meeting the cultivation needs of plants at different growth stages and improving planting efficiency and resource utilization. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;
[0018] Figure 2 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the internal structure of the planting box of this utility model (basal culture);
[0019] Figure 3 This is the second schematic diagram of the internal structure of the planting box of this utility model (aerial cultivation).
[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable frame in this utility model;
[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the planting board in this utility model.
[0022] The meanings of the labels in the diagram are as follows:
[0023] 1. Planting box; 10. Sliding door; 100. Glass window; 11. Adjusting motor; 110. Lead screw; 12. Partition; 120. Opening; 13. Storage box; 14. Hydraulic cylinder; 15. Diverter hood; 16. Connecting pipe; 2. Base; 20. Support leg; 3. Atomizer; 30. Water inlet pipe; 31. Water pump; 4. Moving frame; 40. Side plate; 41. Threaded hole; 5. Planting plate; 50. Handle; 51. Planting hole; 6. Water tank. Detailed Implementation
[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0025] Please refer to the accompanying drawings. This utility model provides a technical solution:
[0026] like Figures 1-5As shown, the composite planting device that switches between aeroponics and substrate cultivation includes a planting box 1. The planting box 1 has a partition 12 that divides it into a substrate culture chamber on the left and an aeroponics chamber on the right. A movable frame 4 that can move left and right is installed inside the planting box 1. A planting plate 5 is placed on the movable frame 4. Planting holes 51 are evenly distributed on the planting plate 5. The planting holes 51 are inverted conical and penetrate the planting plate 5. Two handles 50 are symmetrically fixed on the top of the planting plate 5. The substrate culture chamber is located below the movable frame 4 and has a storage box 13 that can move up and down. The storage box 13 contains culture medium. A diversion hood 15 is located below the aeroponics chamber. A connecting pipe 16 that extends out of the planting box 1 is installed at the bottom of the diversion hood 15. An atomizer 3 is located below the planting box 1. The connecting pipe 16 is connected to the air outlet pipe of the atomizer 3. The planting box 1 is divided into a substrate culture chamber and an aeroponic chamber by a partition 12, and is equipped with a movable planting plate 5 and corresponding cultivation structure (storage box 13, distribution hood 15, and atomizer 3), enabling flexible switching between aeroponic and substrate cultivation modes within the same device. The inverted conical planting hole 51 facilitates root extension, and the handle 50 makes it easier to place and remove the planting plate 5. The storage box 13, driven by a hydraulic cylinder 14, is height-adjustable to accommodate the substrate depth requirements at different growth stages. The atomizer 3 atomizes the nutrient solution through the distribution hood 15 to provide nutrients to the roots, and the circulation system ensures efficient utilization of the nutrient solution. The overall structure is compact and easy to operate, meeting the cultivation needs of plants at different growth stages and improving planting efficiency and resource utilization.
[0027] like Figure 4 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, the partition 12 has an opening 120 for the movable frame 4 to move. The movable frame 4 has an integrally formed side plate 40 on both its left and right sides, and the side plates 40 are sized to match the opening 120. This matching design between the opening 120 of the partition 12 and the side plates 40 ensures that the opening 120 remains sealed when the movable frame 4 switches between the basal culture chamber and the aeroponic chamber, preventing leakage of nutrient solution or mist and improving the stability of the cultivation environment.
[0028] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, when the mobile frame 4 is located in the substrate culture chamber, its right side plate 40 is located within the opening 120; when the mobile frame 4 is located in the aeroponic chamber, its left side plate is located within the opening 120. Clearly defining the position of the side plate 40 of the mobile frame 4 in different cultivation chambers further enhances the isolation effect between cultivation chambers, avoids mutual interference between the substrate and the mist, and ensures the independence of the two cultivation modes.
[0029] like Figure 2As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a hydraulic cylinder 14 is fixedly installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the substrate chamber, and the storage box 13 is fixedly connected to the piston rods of the four hydraulic cylinders 14. The hydraulic cylinders 14 drive the storage box 13 to rise and fall, which can adjust the substrate height according to the growth length of the plant roots, so that the contact depth between the roots and the substrate is controllable, adapting to the needs of different plant varieties or growth stages. At the same time, it can also completely detach the storage box 13 from the plant roots without affecting the movement of the mobile frame 4.
[0030] like Figure 2 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, two lead screws 110 are symmetrically and rotatably installed inside the planting box 1. The lead screws 110 pass through the substrate culture chamber and the aeroponic chamber through the opening 120. Both lead screws 110 pass through the movable frame 4, which has threaded holes 41 for threaded connection with the lead screws 110. Two adjusting motors 11 with output shafts coaxially fixed to the outer wall of the planting box 1 are fixedly installed. The cooperation between the lead screws 110 and the adjusting motors 11 enables precise positioning and automated switching of the movable frame 4, improving operating efficiency, reducing manual intervention, and lowering labor intensity.
[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, two sliding doors 10 are slidably installed on the front side of the planting box 1, with the inner sliding door 10 always in contact with the front side of the partition 12. The staggered design of the sliding doors 10 ensures that they do not interfere with each other when opened or closed, and the inner sliding door 10 is always in contact with the partition 12, thus ensuring the airtightness of the cultivation chamber and reducing heat and humidity loss.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, in this preferred embodiment, each sliding door 10 is equipped with a glass window 100. The glass window 100 facilitates observation of plant growth without the need to frequently open the sliding door 10, reducing interference with the cultivation environment while meeting light requirements.
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, in a preferred embodiment, a base 2 is provided below the planting box 1. A support leg 20 is fixed at each of the four corners of the top of the base 2. The planting box 1 is fixed to the top of the support legs 20. The atomizer 3 is installed on the top of the base 2. A water tank 6 is installed on the base 2, and a water tank 6 cover is installed on the water tank 6. The water inlet of the atomizer 3 is connected to the water tank 6 through a water inlet pipe 30, and a water pump 31 is installed on the water inlet pipe 30. The design of the base 2 and the support legs 20 improves the stability of the device, and the configuration of the water tank 6 and the water pump 31 provides a continuous water source for the atomizer 3.
[0034] When using the composite planting device for switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation, if substrate cultivation is required, the motor 11 drives the lead screw 110 to rotate, causing the moving frame 4 to move the planting plate 5 to the substrate cultivation chamber. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 14 raises the storage box 13 so that the culture medium inside aligns with the planting holes 51 on the planting plate 5. Plants are then planted in the holes and brought into contact with the culture medium, thus initiating substrate cultivation. When switching to aeroponics, the hydraulic cylinder 14 lowers the storage box 13 to detach the plant roots from the culture medium. Then, the motor 11 drives the lead screw 110 to rotate, moving the moving frame 4 along with the planting plate 5 to the aeroponic chamber. At this time, the atomizer 3 draws the nutrient solution from the water tank 6 through the water pump 31 and atomizes it. The solution is then evenly sprayed around the plant roots through the connecting pipe 16 and the diverter 15, providing nutrients and water to the plants and enabling flexible switching between the two cultivation modes.
[0035] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A composite planting device for switching from aeroponics to substrate cultivation, characterized in that: The system includes a planting box (1), which has a partition (12) inside to divide it into a substrate culture chamber on the left and a mist culture chamber on the right. A movable frame (4) that can move left and right is installed inside the planting box (1). A planting plate (5) is placed on the movable frame (4). Planting holes (51) are evenly distributed on the planting plate (5). The planting holes (51) are inverted cone-shaped and penetrate the planting plate (5). Two handles (50) are symmetrically fixed on the top of the planting plate (5). The substrate culture chamber is located below the movable frame (4) and has a storage box (13) that can move up and down. The storage box (13) contains culture medium. A flow divider (15) is located below the mist culture chamber. A connecting pipe (16) that extends out of the planting box (1) is installed at the bottom of the flow divider (15). An atomizer (3) is located below the planting box (1). The connecting pipe (16) is connected to the air outlet pipe of the atomizer (3).
2. The hybrid growing device for air-mist and substrate cultivation switching according to claim 1, wherein: The partition (12) has an opening (120) for the movable frame (4) to move. The movable frame (4) has a side plate (40) integrally formed on both the left and right sides. The side plate (40) is adapted to the size of the opening (120).
3. The hybrid growing device for air-mist and substrate cultivation switching according to claim 2, wherein: When the mobile frame (4) is located in the substrate culture chamber, its right side plate (40) is located in the opening (120). When the mobile frame (4) is located in the aeroponic culture chamber, its left side is located in the opening (120).
4. The hybrid growing device for air-mist and substrate cultivation switching according to claim 3, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (14) is fixedly installed at each of the four corners of the bottom of the substrate culture chamber, and the storage box (13) is fixedly connected to the piston rods of the four hydraulic cylinders (14).
5. The hybrid growing device for air-mist and substrate cultivation switching according to claim 4, wherein: Two lead screws (110) are symmetrically rotated inside the planting box (1). The lead screws (110) pass through the base culture chamber and the aeroponic chamber through the opening (120). Both lead screws (110) pass through the movable frame (4). The movable frame (4) has a threaded hole (41) that is threaded to the lead screws (110). Two adjusting motors (11) with output shafts are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the planting box (1) and are coaxially fixed to the two lead screws (110).
6. The hybrid growing device for air-mist and substrate cultivation switching according to claim 5, wherein: The planting box (1) has two sliding doors (10) that are staggered in front of it, and the inner sliding door (10) is always in contact with the front of the partition (12).
7. The hybrid growing device for air-mist and substrate cultivation switching according to claim 6, wherein: Each of the sliding doors (10) is fitted with a glass window (100).
8. The composite planting device for switching between aeroponics and substrate cultivation as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The planting box (1) is provided with a base (2) below it. A support leg (20) is fixed at each of the four corners of the top of the base (2). The planting box (1) is fixed to the top of the support leg (20). The atomizer (3) is installed on the top of the base (2). A water tank (6) is installed on the base (2). A water tank (6) cover is installed on the water tank (6). The water inlet of the atomizer (3) is connected to the water tank (6) through the water inlet pipe (30). A water pump (31) is installed on the water inlet pipe (30).