Tool changing mechanism of vertical machining center with self-locking function

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of tool changing mechanism of vertical machining center with self-locking function, the utility model relates to tool changing mechanism technical field, including base, the center of base upper end is fixed with connecting column, the center position of connecting column side wall is rotatably provided with tool holder;The utility model has the advantages that tool changing mechanism can lock tool, can ensure that tool is always firmly locked in the whole process of tool changing operation and tool holder rotation, eliminates the situation that tool and tool holder are separated, effectively avoids the occurrence of tool dropping accident;Tool changing mechanism can drive the ball below it to roll when tool holder rotates, effectively reduces the friction and abrasion between each component in tool holder rotation process by the rolling effect of ball, significantly prolongs the service life of tool holder and related components, and vibration generated when tool holder rotates can also be absorbed, further weaken the abrasion influence caused by vibration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of tool changing mechanisms, specifically a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function. Background Technology

[0002] A vertical machining center is a high-precision, high-efficiency automated metal cutting machine tool, belonging to the category of CNC machine tools. It controls the relative movement of the cutting tool and the workpiece through a CNC system, enabling various machining operations such as milling, drilling, boring, and tapping on materials like metals and plastics. The tool changing mechanism is the core component of the machining center used for automatic tool changing. Its function is to quickly and accurately load, unload, and switch tools according to program instructions during the machining process, ensuring high efficiency and precision in multi-stage continuous machining.

[0003] However, the existing tool changing mechanisms on the market are relatively complex in structure. During the tool changing operation, the tool is prone to shaking. Furthermore, there is a risk of the tool accidentally falling off when the tool is rotating at high speed. This poses a potential threat to machining accuracy and equipment safety. Therefore, we propose a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function.

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background art, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function, comprising a base, a connecting column fixed at the center of the upper end of the base, a tool disc rotatably mounted at the center of the side wall of the connecting column, a top plate fixed at the upper end of the connecting column, a first gear fixed at the lower end of the tool disc near the center, a motor and a limiting plate fixed on one side of the upper end of the base, a second gear mounted on the upper end of the motor, connecting rods fixed at the four corners of the upper end of the tool disc, a limiting plate fixed at the upper end of the connecting rods, rotating blocks fixed at the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the connecting rods, a first clamping plate fixed at one end of the rotating block, a second clamping plate fixed at the other end of the rotating block, mounting blocks fixed on one side of both the first and second clamping plates, a first spring provided on one side of one end of the second clamping plate, an electric push rod fixed on one side of the upper end of the top plate, a top plate fixed at the lower end of the electric push rod, and a tool mounted on the inner side of the first clamping plate.

[0006] Preferably, the second gear meshes with the first gear, the connecting post passes through the first gear and the cutter head, and the connecting post is rotatably connected to both the first gear and the cutter head.

[0007] Preferably, the connecting rod passes through the rotating block, and the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate respectively through the rotating block.

[0008] Preferably, the first spring is located between the first clamping plate and the second clamping plate, and the top plate is located directly above the mounting block.

[0009] Preferably, the lower end of the cutter head is fixed with multiple sets of fixing columns, the lower end of the fixing columns is fixed with a slide plate, a shock absorber is provided on one side of the slide plate, a damper and a second spring are respectively provided at the lower end of the slide plate, and multiple sets of ball bearings are provided on the inner side of the limiting plate.

[0010] Preferably, there are six fixed posts and six ball bearings, and the ball bearings are all located inside the limiting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the shock absorber is slidably connected to the slide plate, and both the damper and the second spring are located inside the shock absorber.

[0012] Using the above technical solution, the spindle drives the lower cutting tool to approach the first and second clamping plates. This causes the cutting tool to press against one side of the first and second clamping plates, opening them apart via the connecting rod and moving them away from each other. When the cutting tool is fully engaged in the first and second clamping plates, the first and second clamping plates, under the elasticity of the first spring, self-lock the cutting tool. Then, the pull-out mechanism inside the spindle releases the current cutting tool, causing the spindle to rise and disengage from the cutting tool. Finally, the motor is started, driving the cutter head to rotate via the second and first gears, causing the cutter head to... The tools inside the first and second clamping plates rotate together. When the tool to be replaced is rotated to the point directly below the spindle, the spindle is stopped. Then, the spindle is driven to descend, and the tool-pulling mechanism inside the spindle is driven to fix the tool below. Then, the electric push rod is started, which pushes the mounting block through the top plate. This causes the first and second clamping plates to move closer to each other through the rotating block and connecting rod, thus removing the self-locking mechanism between the first and second clamping plates and the tool. Then, the spindle is driven to move the tool, thereby completing the replacement. This tool-changing mechanism can self-lock the tool, ensuring that the tool remains firmly locked throughout the tool-changing operation and the entire process of the tool head rotation, preventing the tool from detaching from the tool head and effectively avoiding tool drop accidents.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the cutter head rotates, it drives the fixed column and shock absorber below to make the balls roll inside the limit plate, thereby reducing the friction and wear of the cutter head during rotation. When the cutter head vibrates during rotation, the fixed column and slide plate compress the damper and the second spring, allowing the damper and the second spring to absorb the vibration of the cutter head. This allows the tool changing mechanism to drive the balls located below the cutter head to roll when the cutter head rotates. Through the rolling action of the balls, the friction and wear between the components during the rotation of the cutter head are effectively reduced, significantly extending the service life of the cutter head and related components. At the same time, it can also absorb the vibration generated during the rotation of the cutter head, further weakening the wear caused by vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the rotating block and the first spring in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixed column and the second spring in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Connecting column; 3. Cutter head; 4. Top plate; 5. First gear; 6. Second gear; 7. Motor; 8. Connecting rod; 9. Limiting plate; 10. Rotating block; 11. First clamping plate; 12. Second clamping plate; 13. Mounting block; 14. First spring; 15. Electric push rod; 16. Top plate; 17. Cutter; 18. Limiting plate; 19. Fixed column; 20. Shock absorber; 21. Ball bearing; 22. Sliding plate; 23. Damper; 24. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding of this utility model, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0020] Example 1:

[0021] Please see Figure 1-4This utility model provides a technical solution: a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function, including a base 1, a connecting column 2 fixed at the center of the upper end of the base 1, a tool disc 3 rotatably mounted at the center of the side wall of the connecting column 2, a top plate 4 fixed at the upper end of the connecting column 2, a first gear 5 fixed at the lower end of the tool disc 3 near the center, a motor 7 and a limiting plate 18 fixed on one side of the upper end of the base 1 respectively, a second gear 6 mounted on the upper end of the motor 7, connecting rods 8 fixed at the four corners of the upper end of the tool disc 3, a limiting plate 9 fixed at the upper end of the connecting rods 8, and rotating blocks 10 fixed at the upper and lower ends of the side walls of the connecting rods 8. A first clamping plate 11 is fixed at one end of one rotating block 10, and a second clamping plate 12 is fixed at the other end of the rotating block 10. One side of the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 are each fixed with a mounting block 13. One side of one end of the second clamping plate 12 is provided with a first spring 14. One side of the upper end of the top plate 4 is fixed with an electric push rod 15. The lower end of the electric push rod 15 is fixed with a top plate 16. A cutting tool 17 is installed on the inner side of the first clamping plate 11. The second gear 6 is meshed with the first gear 5. The connecting column 2 passes through the first gear 5 and the cutting disc 3, and the connecting column 2 is rotatably connected to both the first gear 5 and the cutting disc 3. The connecting rod 8 passes through the rotating block 10, and the connecting rod 8 is rotatably connected to the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 through the rotating block 10. The first spring 14 is located between the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12, and the top plate 16 is located directly above the mounting block 13.

[0022] Specifically, when a tool change is required on the spindle, the spindle is driven to bring the lower tool 17 closer to the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12. This causes the tool 17 below the spindle to press against one side of the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12. At this time, the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 will drive the rotating block 10 to rotate via the connecting rod 8, and compress the first spring 14, increasing the distance between the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12. When the tool 17 below the spindle is fully engaged with the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12... In step 2, the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12, under the elasticity of the first spring 14, push the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 to drive the rotating block 10 back to its original position via the connecting rod 8, thereby enabling the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 to self-lock the tool 17. Then, the tool puller mechanism inside the spindle is driven to release the current tool 17, and then the spindle is driven to rise, so that the spindle is disengaged from the tool 17 below. Then, the motor 7 is started, so that the motor 7 drives the second gear 6 to rotate. Then, the second gear 6 will rotate through the first gear meshing with itself. 5 drives the cutter head 3 to rotate together, and then the cutter head 3 will drive the cutter 17 inside the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 to rotate together. When the cutter 17 to be replaced is rotated to the position directly below the spindle, stop, and then drive the spindle to descend so that the bottom of the spindle contacts the top of the cutter 17. Then drive the broaching mechanism inside the spindle to fix the cutter 17 below. Then start the electric push rod 15 to push the top plate 16 to descend, so that the top plate 16 presses against the mounting block 13 on one side of the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12. At this time, the first clamping plate 16 is closed. The mounting blocks 13 on one side of the holding plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 will move closer to each other, and the rotating block 10 will drive the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 to move further apart, so that the self-locking of the first clamping plate 11 and the second clamping plate 12 on the tool 17 will disappear. Then, the spindle will be driven to move the tool 17 back to its original position, thereby completing the replacement. This allows the tool changing mechanism to self-lock the tool 17, ensuring that the tool 17 remains firmly locked throughout the tool changing operation and the rotation of the tool disc 3, preventing the tool from detaching from the tool disc and effectively avoiding the occurrence of tool drop accidents.

[0023] Example 2:

[0024] Please see Figure 1-4This utility model provides a technical solution: a tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function. Multiple sets of fixing columns 19 are fixed to the lower end of the tool disc 3. A slide plate 22 is fixed to the lower end of each fixing column 19. A shock absorber 20 is provided on one side of the slide plate 22. A damper 23 and a second spring 24 are respectively provided at the lower end of the slide plate 22. Multiple sets of ball bearings 21 are provided inside the limiting plate 18. There are six fixing columns 19 and six ball bearings 21, all located inside the limiting plate 18. The shock absorber 20 is slidably connected to the slide plate 22, and the damper 23 and the second spring 24 are both located inside the shock absorber 20.

[0025] Specifically, when the cutter head 3 rotates during the tool changing process, it drives the lower fixed column 19 to rotate as well. The fixed column 19 then drives the lower ball bearings 21 to roll inside the limit plate 18 through the shock absorber 20. When the cutter head 3 vibrates during rotation, the vibration will squeeze the slide plate 22 through the fixed column 19, causing the slide plate 22 to slide inside the shock absorber 20. At this time, when the shock absorber 20 slides, it will squeeze the lower damper 23 and the second spring 24. The elasticity of the second spring 24 will buffer the slide plate 22, and under the action of the damper 23, the vibration will be absorbed. This allows the tool changing mechanism to drive the ball bearings 21 located below it to roll when the cutter head 3 rotates. Through the rolling action of the ball bearings 21, the friction and wear between the components during the rotation of the cutter head 3 are effectively reduced, significantly extending the service life of the cutter head and related components. At the same time, it can also absorb the vibration generated when the cutter head 3 rotates, further weakening the wear caused by vibration.

[0026] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A tool changing mechanism for a vertical machining center with a self-locking function, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A connecting column (2) is fixed at the center of the upper end of the base (1). A cutter disc (3) is rotatably mounted at the center of the side wall of the connecting column (2). A top plate (4) is fixed at the upper end of the connecting column (2). A first gear (5) is fixed at the lower end of the cutter disc (3) near the center. A motor (7) and a limiting plate (18) are fixed on one side of the upper end of the base (1). A second gear (6) is mounted on the upper end of the motor (7). Connecting rods (8) are fixed at the four corners of the upper end of the cutter disc (3). A limiting plate (9) is fixed at the upper end of the connecting rod (8). The upper end of the side wall of the connecting rod (8) is fixed at the center of the base (1). A rotating block (10) is fixed at both the top and bottom ends. A first clamping plate (11) is fixed at one end of the rotating block (10), and a second clamping plate (12) is fixed at the other end of the rotating block (10). An installation block (13) is fixed on one side of both the first clamping plate (11) and the second clamping plate (12). A first spring (14) is provided on one side of one end of the second clamping plate (12). An electric push rod (15) is fixed on one side of the upper end of the top plate (4). A top plate (16) is fixed at the lower end of the electric push rod (15). A knife (17) is installed on the inner side of the first clamping plate (11).

2. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center with self-locking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second gear (6) meshes with the first gear (5), and the connecting column (2) passes through the first gear (5) and the cutter head (3), and the connecting column (2) is rotatably connected to both the first gear (5) and the cutter head (3).

3. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center with self-locking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting rod (8) passes through the rotating block (10), and the connecting rod (8) is rotatably connected to the first clamping plate (11) and the second clamping plate (12) respectively through the rotating block (10).

4. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center with self-locking function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first spring (14) is located between the first clamping plate (11) and the second clamping plate (12), and the top plate (16) is located directly above the mounting block (13).

5. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center with self-locking function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lower end of the cutter head (3) is fixed with multiple sets of fixing columns (19), and the lower end of the fixing columns (19) is fixed with a slide plate (22). A shock absorber (20) is provided on one side of the slide plate (22). A damper (23) and a second spring (24) are respectively provided at the lower end of the slide plate (22). Multiple sets of ball bearings (21) are provided on the inner side of the limiting plate (18).

6. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center with self-locking function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The number of fixed posts (19) and balls (21) is six, and the balls (21) are all located inside the limiting plate (18).

7. The tool changing mechanism of a vertical machining center with self-locking function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shock absorber (20) is slidably connected to the slide (22), and the damper (23) and the second spring (24) are both located inside the shock absorber (20).

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