A 3D printer

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 3D printer, including the square frame section bar structure, the square frame section bar structure inside includes the gear box part, the injector is installed below the gear box part, and the injector bottom is provided with nozzle element, the X direction of nozzle element passes through X to horizontal lead screw, and nozzle element removes along horizontal lead screw in X direction, the both ends of horizontal lead screw are provided with linear bearing, linear bearing passes through Y to horizontal lead screw along Y direction, and linear bearing removes along Y to horizontal lead screw, and drives nozzle element to remove in Y direction, Y to horizontal lead screw end part is provided on Z to linear bearing, and Z to linear bearing removes through the vertical lead screw of installing in Z direction setting, drives nozzle element to remove in Z direction. The utility model has the characteristics of economy, material diversity, accuracy and repeatability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of 3D printing technology, specifically to a 3D printer. Background Technology

[0002] The existing housing construction process suffers from high labor costs, high material consumption, and long construction periods. Specific problems include:

[0003] 1. Traditional construction methods result in excessively high time and cost per unit of construction;

[0004] 2. The traditional construction industry suffers from high labor costs, unstable construction quality, and high human-related safety risks.

[0005] 3. Traditional construction industry suffers from high material consumption and incomplete material utilization.

[0006] In conclusion, traditional building techniques and methods are insufficient for achieving complex architectural design schemes. Utility Model Content

[0007] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a 3D printer that is economical, has diverse materials, and is accurate and repeatable.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0009] A 3D printer includes a square frame profile structure 1. The square frame profile structure 1 includes a gearbox component 14. An injector 13 is mounted below the gearbox component 14. A nozzle element 18 is disposed at the bottom of the injector 13. The nozzle element 18 passes through an X-direction horizontal lead screw 19 in the X direction and moves along the X-direction horizontal lead screw 19. Linear bearings 5 ​​are disposed at both ends of the horizontal lead screw 19. The linear bearings 5 ​​pass through a Y-direction horizontal lead screw 20 in the Y direction and move along the Y-direction horizontal lead screw 20, causing the nozzle element 18 to move in the Y direction. The end of the Y-direction horizontal lead screw 20 is disposed on a Y-direction horizontal linear bearing 26. The Y-direction horizontal linear bearing 26 is disposed on a Z-direction vertical lead screw 22. A Z-direction linear bearing 21 is disposed on the Z-direction vertical lead screw 22. Movement of the Z-direction vertical lead screw 22 causes the nozzle element 18 to move in the Z direction.

[0010] The X-axis horizontal lead screw 19 is connected to the X-axis horizontal stepper motor 23. The X-axis horizontal stepper motor 23 drives the nozzle element 18 to move along the X-axis through the X-axis horizontal lead screw 19 and the X-axis horizontal linear bearing 24.

[0011] The Y-axis horizontal lead screw 20 is connected to the Y-axis horizontal stepper motor 25. The Y-axis horizontal stepper motor 25 drives the nozzle element 18 to move on the Y-axis 6 through the Y-axis horizontal lead screw 20 and the Y-axis horizontal linear bearing 26.

[0012] The vertical lead screw 22 set in the Z direction is connected to the stepper motor 27 set in the Z direction. The stepper motor 27 set in the Z direction drives the nozzle element 18 to move along the Z-axis 15 through the vertical lead screw 22 set in the Z direction and the linear bearing 21 set in the Z direction.

[0013] The square frame profile structure 1 has a linear shaft bracket 4 installed on its side, and a linear shaft 3 and a linear bearing 5 are installed on the linear shaft bracket 4.

[0014] The square frame profile structure 1 is equipped with a drag chain bracket 17 on its side.

[0015] Corner brackets 2 are installed at the four corners of the upper surface at the bottom of the square frame profile structure 1.

[0016] The nozzle element 18 is connected to the flow sensor via solenoid value two and solenoid value one, and the flow sensor is connected to the material container via the material pump.

[0017] The stepper motor is equipped with a TB6600 stepper motor driver, which is connected to a Ramp1.6 controller.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0019] The linear bearing, stepper motor, and lead screw in this invention ensure precise alignment and structural stability, guaranteeing the accuracy and repeatability of the printing process.

[0020] The frame design and motor-driven shaft system in this invention ensure high precision in material deposition.

[0021] The nozzle element 18 in this invention is suitable for mud or paste materials.

[0022] The combination of the nozzle element, stepper motor, gearbox components, and linear motion system in this invention enables precise control of material flow.

[0023] This invention's 3D printing allows for more precise use of materials, reducing waste caused by cutting and shaping. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 Side view of this utility model Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 2 Side view of this utility model Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working process of the motion controller of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion molding process of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the syringe component of this utility model.

[0029] Figure label:

[0030] 1. Square frame profile structure; 2. Corner bracket; 3. Z-axis linear axis; 4. Linear axis bracket; 5. Linear bearing; 6. Y-axis; 7. Stepper motor; 8. Coupling; 9. Lead screw; 10. Bearing housing; 11. Bracket; 12. Nut seat; 13. Injector; 14. Gearbox components; 15. Z-axis; 16. Emergency stop; 17. Cable chain bracket; 18. Nozzle element; 19. X-axis horizontal lead screw; 20. Y-axis horizontal lead screw; 21. Z-axis linear bearing; 22. Z-axis vertical lead screw; 23. X-axis horizontal stepper motor; 24. X-axis horizontal linear bearing; 25. Y-axis horizontal stepper motor; 26. Y-axis horizontal linear bearing; 27. Z-axis stepper motor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a 3D printer includes a square frame profile structure 1. The square frame profile structure 1 includes a gearbox component 14. An injector 13 is installed below the gearbox component 14. A nozzle element 18 is disposed at the bottom of the injector 13. The nozzle element 18 passes through an X-direction horizontal lead screw 19 in the X direction and moves along the X-direction horizontal lead screw 19. Linear bearings 5 ​​are disposed at both ends of the horizontal lead screw 19. The linear bearings 5 ​​pass through a Y-direction horizontal lead screw 20 in the Y direction and move along the Y-direction horizontal lead screw 20, causing the nozzle element 18 to move in the Y direction. The end of the Y-direction horizontal lead screw 20 is disposed on a Y-direction horizontal linear bearing 26. The Y-direction horizontal linear bearing 26 is disposed on a Z-direction vertical lead screw 22. A Z-direction linear bearing 21 is disposed on the Z-direction vertical lead screw 22. Moving the Z-direction vertical lead screw 22 causes the nozzle element 18 to move in the Z direction.

[0033] The X-axis horizontal lead screw 19 is connected to the X-axis horizontal stepper motor 23. The X-axis horizontal stepper motor 23 drives the nozzle element 18 to move along the X-axis through the X-axis horizontal lead screw 19 and the X-axis horizontal linear bearing 24.

[0034] The Y-axis horizontal lead screw 20 is connected to the Y-axis horizontal stepper motor 25. The Y-axis horizontal stepper motor 25 drives the nozzle element 18 to move on the Y-axis 6 through the Y-axis horizontal lead screw 20 and the Y-axis horizontal linear bearing 26.

[0035] The vertical lead screw 22 set in the Z direction is connected to the stepper motor 27 set in the Z direction. The stepper motor 27 set in the Z direction drives the nozzle element 18 to move along the Z-axis 15 through the vertical lead screw 22 set in the Z direction and the linear bearing 21 set in the Z direction.

[0036] The square frame profile structure 1 has a linear shaft bracket 4 installed on its side, and a linear shaft 3 and a linear bearing 5 are installed on the linear shaft bracket 4.

[0037] The square frame profile structure 1 is equipped with a drag chain bracket 17 on its side.

[0038] Corner brackets 2 are installed at the four corners of the upper surface at the bottom of the square frame profile structure 1.

[0039] The linear axis 3, supported by the linear bearing 5 and the linear axis bracket 4, and the Z-axis 15 provide vertical support and movement. The syringe 13 mounted on the bracket serves as a material dispenser during the printing process.

[0040] The nozzle element 18 is connected to the flow sensor via solenoid value two and solenoid value one, and the flow sensor is connected to the material container via the material pump.

[0041] The square frame structure 1 is made of aluminum, and the robust aluminum frame provides stability and accuracy during operation.

[0042] The stepper motor and TB6600 driver ensure precise control of the X, Y, and Z axes, enabling accurate positioning.

[0043] The nozzle element 18 extruder is specifically designed to process slurry-like mixtures, such as lime.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the control system is a Ramp 1.6 controller. The Ramp 1.6 controller integrates a stepper motor 7, a water pump, and a solenoid valve to ensure smooth operation.

[0045] Stepper motors M1 and M2 control the z-axis 15 and the vertical position of the syringe 13, precisely controlling the layer height during the printing process.

[0046] Stepper motors M3 and M4 operate Y-axis 6, moving the print bed back and forth to ensure proper layer alignment.

[0047] Stepper motor M5 controls the x-axis, causing syringe 13 to move horizontally, while stepper motor M6 adjusts syringe 13 itself, pushing cement material through nozzle element 18 for deposition. Each stepper motor is managed by a corresponding TB6600 stepper motor driver, ensuring precise motion and power distribution for accurate printing.

[0048] The Ramp 1.6 controller acts as a central hub, processing input signals from the stepper motor controller and ensuring synchronization throughout the system. It communicates with the TB6600 controller to manage the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis 6, Z-axis 15, and syringe 13, enabling precise control during printing. Furthermore, the Ramp 1.6 controller integrates safety functions such as an emergency stop 16 (E-stop) and limit switches for the X-axis, Y-axis 6, and Z-axis 15, and controls auxiliary systems such as water pumps for cooling and valves for material management.

[0049] Components invisible in the 3D structure but crucial to system operation include TB6600 motor drivers, which control the stepper motors of the X-axis, Y-axis 6, Z-axis 15 and syringe 13, ensuring precise movement.

[0050] The Ramp 1.6 controller acts as a central coordinator, sending signals to the motor drive to execute movement. Pumps and valves regulate the flow of sustainable materials (such as fly ash) to nozzle element 18, while relays manage the power distribution to auxiliary components such as pumps and valves.

[0051] Limit switches are used to limit the movement boundaries of the X-axis, Y-axis 6, and Z-axis 15, preventing excessive movement and ensuring accurate positioning.

[0052] The system works on the following principle:

[0053] The Ramp 1.6 controller transmits electrical signals to the stepper motor via the TB6600 driver. The stepper motor moves along the X, Y, and Z axes via a lead screw and linear bearings. This precise motion control allows the syringe 13 to deposit material layer by layer. A water pump and valve work together to deliver sustainable material to the syringe 13, which then extrudes it onto the printing surface.

[0054] The cable carrier on cable carrier bracket 17 protects and organizes the cable to ensure smooth operation.

[0055] The nozzle element 18 addresses the unique rheological properties of the material, which vary depending on the type of structural component being printed. For example, when printing wall panels or blocks, the nozzle element 18 ensures consistent material flow to accommodate the viscosity and flow characteristics of the cement mixture.

[0056] The nozzle element 18 is conical and includes an adjustable flow mechanism to precisely control material deposition, ensuring optimal performance for different structural elements. This design ensures effective material extrusion while maintaining the consistency required for constructing Nanyong wall panels or blocks.

[0057] The working principle of this utility model:

[0058] The square frame profile structure 1 provides structural integrity, while the steel profiles are the main structural components, which are interconnected by corner brackets 2.

[0059] The horizontal lead screws, linear shafts, and linear bearings in the X, Y, and Z directions provide smooth movement for the X-axis, Y-axis 6, and Z-axis 15, allowing for precise positioning of the syringe 13. A stepper motor connected to a motor driver controls the movement of the shafts and is connected to a coupling 8 to transmit rotational force.

[0060] The lead screw 9, or T8 screw, is used for vertical movement, moving the Z-axis 15, while the gearbox component 14 controls the speed of the injector 13. The injector 13, mounted on the bracket 11, dispenses material, while the nut seat 12 ensures smooth operation of the lead screw 9. The cable chain cover 17 is used to organize the wires for a neat appearance. The positioning of these components ensures efficient movement and material deposition during the 3D printing process.

[0061] The nozzle element 18 is controlled by the movement of stepper motors on the X-axis, Y-axis 6, and Z-axis 15. The X-axis and Y-axis motors (M5 and M3 / M4, respectively) control the horizontal positioning of the nozzle element 18, enabling it to move precisely on the print bed.

[0062] The z-axis motors (M1 / M2) control the vertical movement of the nozzle element 18, adjusting the printed layer height. The nozzle element 18 is mounted on an injector 13, which contains material and moves with the nozzle element 18 to ensure consistent material flow. The nozzle element 18 feeds cement material, following a path determined by the X, Y, and Z-axis movements. This coordination ensures accurate deposition for successful 3D printing of the cement structure.

[0063] Nozzle element 18 and injector 13 are key components of the cement 3D printer. Nozzle element 18 is responsible for controlling the flow of cement material through the nozzle, ensuring the precise deposition required for building structures layer by layer. This is achieved by using an electric gear system to move the material forward, allowing precise extrusion along the X, Y, and Z axes, as described in the technical documentation. Nozzle element 18 is a motor-driven control system that allows the printer to efficiently deposit cement material.

[0064] The syringe 13 serves as a material reservoir containing the cement mixture. It feeds the material into an extruder, which then controls its flow rate through the nozzle element 18. The movement of the syringe 13 is typically mounted on the Z-axis 15, enabling the printer to maintain consistent material deposition throughout the printing process.

[0065] The coordination between the syringe 13 and the extruder ensures continuous and smooth extrusion of cement material. The syringe 13 and the nozzle element 18 work together to provide the necessary flow control for the 3D printing of cement structures.

Claims

1. A 3D printer, characterized in that, The device includes a square frame profile structure (1), inside which is a gearbox component (14). A syringe (13) is installed below the gearbox component (14). A nozzle element (18) is provided at the bottom of the syringe (13). The nozzle element (18) passes through an X-direction horizontal screw (19) in the X direction. The nozzle element (18) moves in the X direction along the X-direction horizontal screw (19). Linear bearings (5) are provided at both ends of the X-direction horizontal screw (19). The linear bearings (5) pass through the Y direction. The linear bearing (5) moves along the Y-direction horizontal screw (20), driving the nozzle element (18) to move in the Y direction. The end of the Y-direction horizontal screw (20) is set on the Y-direction horizontal linear bearing (26), which is set on the Z-direction vertical screw (22). The Z-direction vertical screw (22) is set on the Z-direction linear bearing (21). The Z-direction vertical screw (22) moves, driving the nozzle element (18) to move in the Z direction.

2. A 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis horizontal lead screw (19) is connected to the X-axis horizontal stepper motor (23). The X-axis horizontal stepper motor (23) drives the nozzle element (18) to move along the X-axis through the X-axis horizontal lead screw (19) and the X-axis horizontal linear bearing (24). The Y-axis horizontal lead screw (20) is connected to the Y-axis horizontal stepper motor (25). The Y-axis horizontal stepper motor (25) drives the nozzle element (18) to move on the Y-axis (6) through the Y-axis horizontal lead screw (20) and the Y-axis horizontal linear bearing (26). The vertical lead screw (22) set in the Z direction is connected to the stepper motor (27) set in the Z direction. The stepper motor (27) set in the Z direction drives the nozzle element (18) to move along the Z-axis 15 through the vertical lead screw (22) set in the Z direction and the Z-axis linear bearing (21).

3. A 3D printer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The X-axis horizontal stepper motor (23), the Y-axis horizontal stepper motor (25), and the Z-axis stepper motor (27) are respectively equipped with TB6600 stepper motor drivers, and the TB6600 stepper motor drivers are connected to the Ramp 1.6 controller.

4. A 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The square frame profile structure (1) has a drag chain bracket (17) installed on its side.

5. A 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, Corner brackets (2) are installed at the four corners of the upper surface at the bottom of the square frame profile structure (1).

6. A 3D printer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle element (18) is connected to the flow sensor via solenoid value two and solenoid value one, and the flow sensor is connected to the material container via the material pump.

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