Liquid-cooled battery pack and method of manufacturing the same

Abstract

The utility model discloses a liquid cooling box structure and battery pack, this liquid cooling box structure includes bottom plate, a plurality of side plates and liquid inlet pipe and liquid outlet pipe, and the bottom plate is provided with the first flow passage and first access of intercommunication, and the first flow passage extends along the length direction of bottom plate, and a plurality of side plates are connected to the opposite two ends of bottom plate, and every side plate is provided with the second flow passage and second access of intercommunication, and the second flow passage extends along the length direction of side plate, and the second access links first access, and the liquid inlet pipe links outside to the first flow passage or second flow passage for perfusion coolant, and the liquid outlet pipe links outside to the first flow passage or second flow passage for discharging coolant, and the purpose is to solve the technical problem of insufficient heat dissipation capacity of the existing heat dissipation structure in the high performance application scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a liquid cooling box structure and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, energy storage devices, and portable electronic products, batteries, as the primary energy supply device, directly affect the operating efficiency and safety stability of the entire system. Especially against the backdrop of the ever-increasing demand for fast charging, how to improve charging speed while ensuring cell life and system safety has become a key issue in battery thermal management design.

[0003] Currently, liquid cooling plates are widely used in battery modules and battery packs as a highly efficient heat dissipation structure. Among them, bottom liquid cooling solutions are widely adopted due to their relatively simple structure and high heat dissipation efficiency. However, with the increase in power density and charge / discharge rate, relying solely on bottom liquid cooling is no longer sufficient to cope with the high heat flux density generated by the battery cell under fast charging conditions. On the one hand, the bottom liquid cooling structure is limited by the contact area and heat conduction path, which restricts the speed of heat conduction and dissipation inside the battery cell, easily leading to an increase in the temperature gradient of the battery cell. On the other hand, under continuous high-rate charging or high-temperature environments, relying solely on bottom heat dissipation is prone to local overheating, which in turn accelerates battery cell aging, shortens its service life, and even poses a risk of thermal runaway.

[0004] Therefore, the problem of insufficient heat dissipation capacity of existing heat dissipation structures in high-performance application scenarios urgently needs to be solved. Utility Model Content

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide a liquid cooling box structure and a battery pack, which aims to solve the technical problem of insufficient heat dissipation capacity of existing heat dissipation structures in high-performance application scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a solution as follows: a liquid cooling box structure, comprising a base plate having a first flow channel and a first passage that are interconnected, the first flow channel extending along the length of the base plate; multiple side plates connected to opposite ends of the base plate, each side plate having a second flow channel and a second passage that are interconnected, the second flow channel extending along the length of the side plate, the second passage connecting to the first passage; an inlet pipe connected to the outside to the first or second flow channel for injecting coolant; and an outlet pipe connected to the outside to the first or second flow channel for discharging coolant.

[0007] Optionally, there are multiple first flow channels, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the bottom plate, and the first passage connects multiple first flow channels; there are multiple second flow channels, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the side plate, and the second passage connects all second flow channels.

[0008] Optionally, the first passage is disposed at both ends of the first flow channel, and the second passage is disposed at both ends of the second flow channel.

[0009] Optionally, the inlet pipe is fixed to the base plate and connected to the first passage, and outlet pipes are fixed to multiple side plates respectively, with the outlet pipes connected to the second passage.

[0010] Optionally, the liquid cooling box structure also includes a flow divider, which is disposed in the first passage and faces the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe, and is used to regulate the flow rate of coolant flowing to both ends of the first passage.

[0011] Optionally, the liquid outlet pipe is fixed to the base plate and connected to the first passage, and multiple liquid inlet pipes are fixed to the side plates respectively, with the liquid inlet pipes connected to the second passage.

[0012] Optionally, the liquid cooling box structure also includes a barrier, which is disposed in the first passage and blocks the first passage to prevent the coolant from flowing into and impacting the different inlet pipes.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom plate is provided with a first branch, which connects to an adjacent first flow channel; the side plate is provided with a second branch, which connects to an adjacent second flow channel.

[0014] Optionally, the distribution density of the first flow channel and the second flow channel satisfies: density P1 in the high heat demand area, density P2 in the low heat demand area, and 1.3P2≤P1≤1.7P2.

[0015] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a solution: a battery pack, which includes a cell assembly and the aforementioned liquid cooling box structure, wherein the cell assembly is fitted to the bottom plate and the side plate.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0017] Compared to existing technologies that only employ a bottom liquid cooling structure, the liquid cooling box structure provided in this application constructs a cooling channel network that connects the bottom and sides by setting flow channels and passages within the bottom plate and multiple side plates, allowing the coolant to circulate between the bottom plate and side plates. This structure not only retains the efficient heat exchange capability of the bottom cooling path for the main heat source area but also significantly improves the heat removal efficiency for the cell edges and boundary areas, expanding the effective heat exchange area and contributing to the overall temperature field equalization. Under high-rate discharge or high-heat-load conditions, the coolant can quickly and comprehensively cover all heat source areas, reducing the risk of local overheating and improving the temperature gradient distribution. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a liquid cooling box structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a liquid cooling box provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a flow divider structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another liquid cooling box structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a barrier structure provided in an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a flow channel distribution provided by an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0025] Figure 7 This is an overall schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0026] Explanation of icon numbers:

[0027] 10. Base plate; 11. First flow channel; 12. First passage; 13. First branch; 20. Side plate; 21. Second flow channel; 22. Second passage; 23. Second branch; 31. Inlet pipe; 32. Outlet pipe; 40. Diverter; 50. Barrier; 60. Battery cell assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this utility model embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0030] It should also be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or may be connected to an intermediary component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or indirectly connected to the other component through an intermediary component.

[0031] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of a liquid cooling box structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a liquid cooling box provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] This utility model provides a liquid cooling box structure to improve the heat dissipation capacity of battery modules in high-performance application scenarios. The liquid cooling box structure includes a base plate 10, multiple side plates 20, and an inlet pipe 31 and an outlet pipe 32 for connecting the coolant in and out.

[0033] The base plate 10 is located at the bottom of the liquid cooling tank and serves as a load-bearing structure for thermal contact with the battery cell module. The base plate 10 has an interconnected first flow channel 11 and a first passage 12. The first flow channel 11 extends along the length of the base plate 10 and guides the coolant to flow uniformly along the bottom. The first passage 12 communicates with the internal structure of the side plate 20 to form a liquid circulation network.

[0034] Multiple side plates 20 are fixed to opposite ends of the base plate 10. Each side plate 20 has a second flow channel 21 and a second passage 22 inside. The second flow channel 21 is arranged along the length of the side plate 20 to guide the coolant to flow laterally and expand the heat exchange range. The second passage 22 communicates with the first passage 12 on the base plate 10, so that a continuous circulation path for the coolant is formed inside the base plate 10 and the side plates 20.

[0035] The inlet pipe 31 is connected to the first flow channel 11 or any of the second flow channels 21, and is used to introduce external coolant into the liquid cooling tank to initiate the flow. The outlet pipe 32 is connected to the first flow channel 11 or any of the second flow channels 21, and is used to discharge the coolant that has completed heat exchange, forming a complete cooling circuit. The positions of the inlet pipe 31 and the outlet pipe 32 can be optimized according to the arrangement of the flow channels to ensure that the coolant path is smooth and controllable.

[0036] In this embodiment, the coolant not only forms a main flow path in the base plate 10 region, but also circulates between the base plate 10 and multiple side plates 20 through a channel structure, constructing a three-dimensional cooling channel network. Compared to traditional structures with only bottom liquid cooling, the liquid cooling box structure in this application significantly increases the contact area between the coolant and the inner surface of the box while retaining the advantages of bottom heat exchange, especially enabling timely heat dissipation from the side regions. Under high-rate discharge or high-temperature environments, the coolant can quickly cover the heat source area, reducing the risk of local overheating. The uniform distribution of cooling paths also helps to suppress the temperature difference distribution on the cell surface and alleviate thermal stress concentration.

[0037] In some optimized embodiments, the first flow channel 11 in the liquid cooling tank structure is not a single path, but rather a structure of multiple parallel flow channels. These first flow channels 11 are spaced apart along the width direction of the base plate 10, arranged parallel to each other, and distributed within the base plate 10. Each first flow channel 11 extends along the length direction of the base plate 10 to carry the coolant flow in the main direction, thereby covering a large area of ​​the base plate 10. The first passage 12 inside the base plate 10 connects these first flow channels 11, forming several penetrating structures, enabling the coolant to be guided laterally or vertically and pressure evenly among the multiple first flow channels 11.

[0038] Correspondingly, the side plates 20 connected to both ends of the base plate 10 have also been optimized. Each side plate 20 has multiple second flow channels 21 arranged at intervals along the width direction and extending along the length direction. The multiple second flow channels 21 are interconnected through second passages 22, forming a parallel flow network of coolant inside the side plate 20. The position of the second passage 22 corresponds spatially to the first passage 12 of the base plate 10, so that the coolant rising or sinking from the base plate 10 can be smoothly introduced into the second flow channels 21 and continue to flow and distribute within the side plate 20.

[0039] In this embodiment, the multi-channel structure significantly improves cooling performance compared to a single-channel structure. Multiple channels significantly increase the contact area between the coolant and the heat source, enabling more uniform heat exchange in both the length and width directions of the base plate 10 or side plate 20. Because each channel is close to adjacent cell areas, the heat conduction path is shortened, thermal resistance is reduced, and the heat dissipation rate is increased. Simultaneously, it also alleviates the problem of uneven heat dissipation to some extent.

[0040] In one implementation, in some embodiments, a first passage 12 is disposed at both ends of each first flow channel 11, and a second passage 22 is also disposed at both ends of each second flow channel 21. Specifically, the first flow channel 11 is arranged along the length direction of the bottom plate 10, and its inlet end and outlet end are respectively connected to the first passage 12, so that after the coolant enters the first flow channel 11, it can flow fully in its length direction and be introduced or discharged to the side plate 20 or other flow channel areas through the first passage 12 at both ends. Similarly, the second flow channel 21 extends along the length direction in the side plate 20, and its two ends are also respectively provided with second passages 22, so that the coolant can flow from the bottom plate 10 into one end, flow along the length direction of the side plate 20, and then be discharged from the other end passage to complete the heat exchange process.

[0041] The first passage 12 and the first flow channel 11 form a connecting path at both ends, meaning that the flow of coolant in the base plate 10 is not restricted in one direction, but can freely switch between two directions according to the actual pressure difference, improving the uniformity of coolant distribution and flow redundancy. Furthermore, the coolant flows in from one end of the first flow channel 11, completes heat exchange throughout the entire channel, and then exits from the other end, avoiding local stagnation or blind spots. The second flow channel 21 and the second passage 22 also possess the above-mentioned technical effects.

[0042] In this embodiment, by setting passages at both ends of the first flow channel 11 and the second flow channel 21, it is easier to achieve fluid pressure equalization in practical applications. The resistance distribution of the liquid during the flow process is more balanced, which helps to reduce the pressure drop inside the flow channel, increase the flow rate, and thus improve the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0043] Further, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a liquid cooling box structure provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Based on the aforementioned multi-channel and dual-path structure, in some embodiments, the inlet pipe 31 is fixedly installed on the base plate 10 and directly communicates with the first passage 12 inside the base plate 10, becoming the main inlet for the coolant to enter the liquid cooling box structure. Simultaneously, multiple side plates 20 are respectively provided with outlet pipes 32, the positions of which are connected to the second passage 22 inside the side plate 20, forming the coolant outlet path. That is, after the coolant enters the base plate 10 through the inlet pipe 31, it is first distributed into multiple first channels 11 inside the base plate 10. Subsequently, the coolant enters each side plate 20 through the first passages 12 located at both ends of the base plate 10, and continues to flow along the second channel 21 in each side plate 20. Finally, it is guided by the corresponding second passage 22 to each outlet pipe 32 and discharged from the liquid cooling box.

[0044] Compared to the traditional sequential flow path of "flowing from one side plate 20 to the bottom plate 10 and then to the other side plate 20," this embodiment uses the bottom plate 10 as a unified distribution node for the coolant, making each side plate 20 a parallel branch in the flow path. The coolant can reach multiple side plates 20 simultaneously or nearly simultaneously, complete heat exchange in each side plate 20 via an independent path, and then be discharged separately. This parallel flow distribution mode makes the cooling conditions between each side plate 20 more consistent, significantly improving the problem of uneven heat dissipation between side plates 20 caused by sequential flow paths. Furthermore, since the inlet pipe 31 is arranged on the bottom plate 10, it can be designed in a centrally located or symmetrical inlet mode, allowing the coolant to diffuse from the geometric center of the liquid cooling tank to both sides, thereby improving the uniformity of fluid distribution.

[0045] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a flow divider 40 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Considering that in practical applications, the heat dissipation load of the battery cell module may differ at different positions of the side plate 20, for example, the heat generated on the side closer to the power element is higher than that on the other side, based on this requirement, in some optimized embodiments, a flow divider 40 is further provided in the liquid cooling box structure to actively regulate the flow rate of the coolant in different directions when it enters the bottom plate 10.

[0046] Specifically, the diverter 40 is arranged in the first passage 12 inside the base plate 10, and its position is close to the inlet of the inlet pipe 31. The diverter 40 can be a baffle, a guide vane, or an adjustable partition structure, and its cross-sectional profile matches the shape of the first passage 12. During installation, it partially or completely covers the cross-section of the first passage 12, thereby affecting the flow ratio of coolant at both ends of the first passage 12. The orientation of the diverter 40 is consistent with the inlet direction, that is, after the coolant enters the base plate 10 from the inlet pipe 31, it first contacts the guide surface of the diverter 40, and the coolant flow path is thus guided or partially restricted.

[0047] The distribution element 40 allows the amount of coolant flowing to both ends of the base plate 10 to be adjusted as needed. For example, when the heat dissipation load of the cell area corresponding to one side plate 20 is large, the proportion of coolant diverted to the first passage 12 on that side can be increased by adjusting the offset angle or opening size of the distribution element 40, thereby improving the heat exchange capacity of that side plate 20. Conversely, in the direction of the other side plate 20 with a smaller heat dissipation load, the distribution element 40 can form a certain flow resistance to limit the flow rate and avoid energy waste or local overcooling.

[0048] In this embodiment, based on the initial diversion control of coolant, not only is the parallel advantage of the liquid cooling tank bottom plate 10 supplying liquid to multiple side plates 20 synchronously retained, but an adjustable distribution mechanism is also introduced to achieve targeted differential cooling from the source, meeting the temperature control accuracy requirements of different areas and different heat load cells.

[0049] Additionally, please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of another liquid cooling box structure provided in this embodiment of the utility model. In another implementation, in some embodiments, the liquid outlet pipe 32 of the liquid cooling box structure is disposed on the base plate 10 and connected to the first passage 12 inside the base plate 10, while multiple side plates 20 are respectively provided with liquid inlet pipes 31, each of which is connected to the second passage 22 inside the side plate 20. That is, the coolant no longer enters from the base plate 10 and is redistributed to the side plates 20, but rather in the opposite direction: the coolant is first injected into the liquid cooling box from the liquid inlet pipes 31 of the multiple side plates 20, and then flows into the first passage 12 of the base plate 10 through the second passage 22 in each side plate 20, and finally discharged uniformly from the liquid outlet pipe 32 on the base plate 10.

[0050] This embodiment complements the above embodiment in terms of fluid flow direction, providing a multi-point injection-centralized discharge cooling path scheme. This layout is more advantageous when the coolant inlet pressure is low. Simultaneously, since the coolant can be injected from multiple side plates 20 at the same time, the coolant flow within the side plates 20 is parallel, enabling rapid coverage of heat sources in each side area and effectively shortening the response time from the inlet to the heat exchange surface. Furthermore, due to the multi-point liquid injection, the heat dissipation efficiency of different side plates 20 can be precisely controlled by adjusting the injection flow rate of each side plate 20.

[0051] Further, please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a barrier component 50 provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Based on the above-described multi-point liquid supply and centralized liquid outlet implementation scheme, to prevent severe confluence and interference of coolant from multiple side plates 20 within the passage of the base plate 10, some embodiments also introduce a barrier component 50 within the liquid cooling tank structure. The barrier component 50 is disposed in the first passage 12 inside the base plate 10, and is used to structurally divide the first passage 12 into several independent areas, blocking the direct confluence of coolant from different inlet paths, thus playing a role in buffering, directional flow, and pressure stabilization.

[0052] Specifically, the baffle 50 can be a plate-like structure, vertically arranged along the cross-sectional direction of the first passage 12. The baffle 50 is typically positioned within the transition section between the two liquid inlet areas, forming a physical buffer zone. Coolant is introduced into the first passage 12 of the base plate 10 from the second passage 22 of different side plates 20. Without structural guidance, multiple flow streams converge in the first passage 12, causing a sudden increase in local flow velocity and enhanced turbulence, which in turn leads to problems such as flow noise, local erosion, or uneven heat transfer. By setting the baffle 50, the first passage 12 is divided into independent areas, and the coolant entering from each side plate 20 will not directly impact or interfere with each other, enhancing the stability and controllability of the coolant flow process.

[0053] In some optimized embodiments, a first branch 13 is also provided in the base plate 10, and a second branch 23 is correspondingly provided in the side plate 20. The first branch 13 is a channel structure inside the base plate 10 connecting adjacent first flow channels 11, and is arranged along the width direction of the base plate 10 to establish a lateral connection between different first flow channels 11. Similarly, the second branch 23 is provided inside the side plate 20 to connect adjacent second flow channels 21, and extends along the width direction of the side plate 20 to form a lateral auxiliary passage between the second flow channels 21. These branch structures are usually in the form of short lateral channels, and their cross-sectional dimensions can be smaller than the main flow channel, used to assist in flow guidance and fluid balance. The branches are distributed at different locations, enabling the coolant to cross between the main flow channels.

[0054] When the flow resistance of a certain flow channel suddenly increases (such as due to a decrease in coolant flow rate or local blockage caused by impurities), the coolant in adjacent flow channels can quickly compensate through the tributary channels, thereby achieving flow self-balancing within the system. Through the lateral buffering effect of the tributaries, the overall coolant flow of the system becomes more flexible and redundant, significantly reducing the risk of thermal imbalance caused by obstruction of a single path.

[0055] In this embodiment, by applying the tributary, a cross-path is established between the flow channels to form a network flow structure. Even if the liquid inlet is biased to one side or the flow distribution in the first passage 12 is uneven, the coolant can still diffuse to each flow channel area through the tributary to achieve lateral balance, thereby improving the overall uniformity of heat removal and reducing local temperature rise.

[0056] Additionally, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the flow channel distribution provided by an embodiment of the present invention. In some optimized embodiments, the liquid cooling box structure adopts a differentiated distribution density in the arrangement of the first flow channel 11 and the second flow channel 21. The arrangement density of the first flow channel 11 in the bottom plate 10 and the second flow channel 21 in the side plate 20 is no longer uniformly distributed, but is differentiated according to the heat load level of the corresponding area, so that the flow channels more concentratedly cover the high heat source area.

[0057] Specifically, the distribution density of the first flow channel 11 and the second flow channel 21 satisfies the following relationship: the flow channel density in the high heat demand area (e.g., the area near the power device or the area with a large cell stacking density) is P1, and the flow channel density in the low heat demand area (e.g., the edge transition area or the part with a light load) is P2, wherein 1.3P2≤P1≤1.7P2 is satisfied.

[0058] Structurally, the increased channel density in the high-heat zone allows for a higher number of contacts with the heat source surface per unit time while maintaining a constant coolant flow rate. This accelerates heat removal and effectively suppresses hot spot formation. A relatively lower channel density in the low-heat zone reduces local pressure drop and avoids energy waste or localized condensation caused by overcooling, enabling on-demand allocation of cooling resources. Furthermore, the density ratio is controlled between 1.3 and 1.7, helping to achieve a balance between improved cooling performance and structural complexity. Too low a density difference is insufficient to demonstrate targeted cooling advantages, while too high a difference increases manufacturing difficulty and affects overall reliability.

[0059] Please see Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is an overall schematic diagram of the battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery pack for use in a high-power, high-energy-density energy storage system. The battery pack includes a cell assembly 60 and the aforementioned liquid-cooled box structure. The cell assembly 60 is composed of multiple individual cells, which are stacked along the axial direction or facing direction of the internal space of the battery pack in a predetermined arrangement to form a cell group. The cell assembly 60 is fitted to the bottom plate 10 and multiple side plates 20 of the liquid-cooled box through positioning members. Direct thermal contact heat exchange occurs between the cells and the bottom plate 10 and side plates 20, significantly improving the heat transfer rate.

[0060] Furthermore, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" in this utility model is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. Additionally, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but only on the basis of being achievable by those skilled in the art. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, such a combination of technical solutions should be considered non-existent and not within the scope of protection claimed by this utility model.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the patent scope of the present utility model. All equivalent structural transformations made under the inventive concept of the present utility model using the contents of the present utility model specification and drawings, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the patent protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A liquid-cooled box structure, characterized in that, include: The base plate has a first flow channel and a first passage that are interconnected, and the first flow channel extends along the length of the base plate. Multiple side plates are connected to opposite ends of the base plate. Each side plate has a second flow channel and a second passage that are interconnected. The second flow channel extends along the length of the side plate, and the second passage is connected to the first passage. The inlet pipe connects to the outside to the first flow channel or the second flow channel for filling with coolant; The outlet pipe connects to the outside to the first or second flow channel and is used to discharge coolant.

2. The liquid cooling box structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple first flow channels, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the bottom plate, and the first passage connects multiple first flow channels; There are multiple second flow channels, which are spaced apart along the width direction of the side plate, and the second passage connects all the second flow channels.

3. The liquid cooling box structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first passage is located at both ends of the first flow channel, and the second passage is located at both ends of the second flow channel.

4. The liquid cooling box structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inlet pipe is fixed to the base plate and connected to the first passage, and the outlet pipes are fixed to the multiple side plates respectively, and the outlet pipes are connected to the second passage.

5. The liquid cooling box structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid cooling box structure also includes a flow divider, which is disposed in the first passage and faces the inlet of the liquid inlet pipe, and is used to regulate the flow rate of the coolant flowing to both ends of the first passage.

6. The liquid cooling box structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid outlet pipe is fixed to the base plate and connected to the first passage, and the liquid inlet pipe is fixed to the multiple side plates respectively, and the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the second passage.

7. The liquid cooling box structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The liquid cooling box structure also includes a barrier component, which is disposed in the first passage and blocks the first passage to prevent the coolant from converging and impacting from different inlet pipes.

8. The liquid cooling box structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The base plate is also provided with a first branch, which is connected to the adjacent first flow channel; The side plate has a second branch, which is connected to the adjacent second flow channel.

9. The liquid cooling box structure according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that, The distribution density of the first flow channel and the second flow channel satisfies: density P1 in the high heat demand area, density P2 in the low heat demand area, and 1.3P2≤P1≤1.7P2.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes a battery cell assembly and a liquid-cooled box structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the battery cell assembly is disposed in conjunction with the base plate and the side plate.

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