Antenna assembly and electronic device

Abstract

This invention provides an antenna assembly and electronic device. The assembly includes: a first connecting stub and a first radiating stub, which are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from each other, and are electrically connected. A feed terminal is provided on the first connecting stub. A reverse current stub is also included, connected to the first connecting stub, with the current direction in the reverse current stub opposite to the current direction in a portion of the first radiating stub. This invention solves the problem of uneven gain distribution in different directions of wireless devices, thereby achieving a balanced gain distribution in different directions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to an antenna assembly and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, traditional built-in antenna designs aim for high gain to enhance coverage in a certain direction, maximizing the coverage distance in that direction under the same conditions, but neglect the device's wireless communication capabilities in other directions.

[0003] This indicates that there is a technical problem in the related technologies where the gain distribution of wireless devices is uneven in different directions.

[0004] There is currently no effective solution to the aforementioned problems in the relevant technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] This utility model provides an antenna assembly and electronic device to at least solve the problem of uneven gain distribution in different directions of wireless devices in related technologies.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present invention, an antenna assembly is provided, including: a first connecting stub and a first radiating stub, wherein the first connecting stub and the first radiating stub are arranged parallel to and spaced apart, the first connecting stub and the first radiating stub are electrically connected, and a feed terminal is provided on the first connecting stub; and a reverse current stub, wherein the reverse current stub is connected to the first connecting stub, and the current direction in the reverse current stub is opposite to the current direction in a portion of the first radiating stub.

[0007] In an exemplary embodiment, a grounding terminal is provided on the first connecting stub, and the grounding terminal is disposed between the power supply terminal and the reverse current stub.

[0008] In an exemplary embodiment, the reflux branch is located between the first connecting branch and the first radiating branch, and the reflux branch is perpendicular to both the first connecting branch and the first radiating branch.

[0009] In one exemplary embodiment, the antenna assembly includes a second radiating stub, the first radiating stub including a first radiating sub-stub and a second radiating sub-stub, the first radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub being spaced apart and in the same plane, the first radiating sub-stub, the second radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub being non-collinear, the first radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub being connected through the second radiating stub, and the current direction in the second radiating sub-stub being opposite to the current direction in the reverse current stub.

[0010] In one exemplary embodiment, the plane in which the second radiating branch is located is perpendicular to the plane in which the first radiating sub-branch and the second radiating sub-branch are located.

[0011] In one exemplary embodiment, the antenna assembly further includes a second connecting stub located between the first connecting stub and the first radiating stub, the first connecting stub being connected to the first radiating stub via the second connecting stub.

[0012] In one exemplary embodiment, the antenna assembly further includes a reflector disposed around the antenna assembly in a target direction of the antenna assembly, wherein the gain of the antenna assembly is greater than a preset threshold in the target direction.

[0013] In one exemplary embodiment, the reflector includes a plurality of reflectors, which are spaced apart.

[0014] In one exemplary embodiment, the sum of the length and width of the reflector lies within a wavelength range determined based on half the wavelength of the signal emitted by the antenna assembly.

[0015] According to another embodiment of the present invention, an electronic device is provided, including a circuit board and an antenna assembly as described in any of the above embodiments, the antenna assembly being disposed on the circuit board.

[0016] The antenna assembly provided by this utility model may include a first connecting stub, a first radiating stub, and a reverse current stub. The first connecting stub and the first radiating stub are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The first connecting stub is provided with a feed terminal and is connected to both the first radiating stub and the reverse current stub. The current direction in the reverse current stub is opposite to a portion of the current in the first radiating stub. Because a reverse current stub can be included in the antenna, and the current in the reverse current stub is opposite to a portion of the current in the first radiating stub, this portion of the current can be canceled out, effectively reducing the antenna gain. This allows for more uniform antenna coverage in three-dimensional space. Therefore, it solves the problem of uneven gain distribution in different directions in related technologies, thus achieving a balanced gain distribution of the wireless device in different directions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna assembly according to a specific embodiment of the present utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of traditional antenna gain in related technologies;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gain of an antenna assembly designed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the reflector of this utility model embodiment;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an antenna assembly designed according to the reflector and anti-current stub of this utility model embodiment;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the gain of an antenna assembly designed with a reflector and a backflow stub according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 102: First connecting branch; 104: First radiating branch; 106: Reverse current branch; 108: Feed terminal; 110: Ground terminal; 112: First radiating sub-branch; 114: Second radiating sub-branch; 116: Second radiating branch; 118: Second connecting branch; 202: Reflector. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0026] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and drawings of this utility model are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0027] This embodiment provides an antenna assembly. Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna assembly according to an embodiment of the present utility model, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the component may include:

[0028] The first connecting branch 102 and the first radiating branch 104 are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The first connecting branch 102 and the first radiating branch 104 are electrically connected. The first connecting branch 102 is provided with a power supply terminal.

[0029] A countercurrent stub 106 is connected to the first connecting stub 102, and the current direction in the countercurrent stub 106 is opposite to the current direction in a portion of the first radiating stub 104.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the antenna assembly can adopt an IFA (Inverted-F Antenna) structure, or it can adopt Monopole Antennas, Patch Antennas, etc., but is not limited to these. Taking the IFA antenna as an example, see below. Figure 1 The antenna assembly may include a first connecting stub 102, a first radiating stub 104, and a backflow stub 106. A feed terminal 108 (i.e., ...) is provided on the first connecting stub 102. Figure 1 The feed terminal 108, electrically connected to the RF microstrip line of the motherboard, can transmit electrical signals generated by signal sources (such as transmitters or receivers) to the radiating part of the antenna assembly. It can also convert electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna assembly into electrical signals and transmit them to signal processing equipment. Furthermore, the length of the feed terminal 108 can be set to a quarter wavelength (λ / 4) to optimize impedance matching and reduce reflections. The first connecting stub 102 can also be arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first radiating stub 104. It can be electrically connected to the first radiating stub 104 to form a whole, serving both a connecting and supporting function. That is, by being arranged parallel to the first radiating stub 104, the first connecting stub 102 can provide a stable current path, which can help adjust the overall impedance of the antenna assembly to optimize signal transmission efficiency.

[0031] In the above embodiment, the first connecting stub 102 can extend into a countercurrent stub 106. The countercurrent stub 106 can be understood as a special stub design that can suppress electromagnetic fields in a specific direction, thereby reducing the antenna gain and achieving a balanced distribution of antenna radiation gain. That is, the current in the countercurrent stub 106 is opposite to part of the current in the first radiating stub 104, and the electric fields can cancel each other out. By adding a countercurrent stub to the antenna assembly, a current with opposite phase can be introduced, thereby producing a cancellation effect in the electromagnetic field. This can reduce the energy concentration of the antenna assembly in one or several directions, making the antenna radiation closer to isotropic, improving the communication quality and stability of wireless communication devices in different directions, and also making the antenna coverage more uniform in three-dimensional space, allowing for more flexible placement of the device relative to the router.

[0032] The antenna assembly provided by this utility model may include a first connecting stub, a first radiating stub, and a reverse current stub. The first connecting stub and the first radiating stub are arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart. The first connecting stub is provided with a feed terminal and is connected to both the first radiating stub and the reverse current stub. The current direction in the reverse current stub is opposite to a portion of the current in the first radiating stub. Because a reverse current stub can be included in the antenna, and the current in the reverse current stub is opposite to a portion of the current in the first radiating stub, this portion of the current can be canceled out, effectively reducing the antenna gain. This allows for more uniform antenna coverage in three-dimensional space. Therefore, it solves the problem of uneven gain distribution in different directions in related technologies, thus achieving a balanced gain distribution of the wireless device in different directions.

[0033] In an exemplary embodiment, a grounding terminal is provided on the first connecting stub, and the grounding terminal is disposed between the power supply terminal and the reverse current stub.

[0034] In the above embodiments, see again Figure 1 The first connecting branch 102 is also provided with a grounding terminal 110 (i.e., Figure 1 The grounding terminal 110 (GND terminal in the antenna assembly) can be connected to the motherboard ground and is located before the feed terminal 108 and the anti-current stub 106. That is, the grounding terminal 110 can extend into the anti-current stub 106, guiding the current in the antenna assembly to the ground plane. It can also help stabilize the potential of the antenna assembly, reduce noise and interference, and improve signal clarity and quality. By adjusting the position of the grounding terminal 110, a balanced current distribution can be formed between the first radiating stub 104 and the anti-current stub 106, helping to counteract undesirable electromagnetic field effects and achieve a more uniform distribution of antenna radiation. Furthermore, as a connection point, the grounding terminal 110, when working with the anti-current stub 106, can effectively reduce the antenna gain in a specific direction, thereby achieving a coverage effect closer to isotropic.

[0035] In an exemplary embodiment, the reflux branch is located between the first connecting branch and the first radiating branch, and the reflux branch is perpendicular to both the first connecting branch and the first radiating branch.

[0036] In the above embodiment, the reflux branch 106 is located between the first connecting branch 102 and the first radiating branch 104, and the distance between the reflux branch 106 and the first radiating branch 104 can be set to 0.5 mm. Furthermore, the reflux branch 106 is perpendicular to both the first radiating branch 104 and the first connecting branch 102, and the height of the reflux branch 106 can be set to 5 mm. It should be noted that the distance of 0.5 mm and the height of 5 mm here are merely illustrative examples, and this invention does not impose any limitations on them.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the current in the reverse current stub 106 that is partially opposite to that in the first radiating stub 104 can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing between the reverse current stub 106 and the first radiating stub 104, as well as the height of the reverse current stub 106. This means the antenna performance can be adjusted by the layout of the antenna assembly on the motherboard. For example, if the suppressed gain in a certain direction is still strong when the spacing is set to 0.5mm and the height to 5mm, the spacing can be set to 0.4mm, or the height adjusted to 6mm for suppression. The spacing and height can also be adjusted simultaneously to achieve the desired suppression effect. Furthermore, the internal space of a device with an internal antenna is often limited. Vertically positioning the reverse current stub 106 between the first connecting stub 102 and the first radiating stub 104 can save space to the maximum extent while ensuring that antenna performance is not affected.

[0038] In one exemplary embodiment, the antenna assembly includes a second radiating stub, the first radiating stub including a first radiating sub-stub and a second radiating sub-stub, the first radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub being spaced apart and in the same plane, the first radiating sub-stub, the second radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub being non-collinear, the first radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub being connected through the second radiating stub, and the current direction in the second radiating sub-stub being opposite to the current direction in the reverse current stub.

[0039] In the above embodiments, see again Figure 1 The first radiating stub 104 may further include a first radiating sub-stub 112 and a second radiating sub-stub 114, and the antenna assembly may further include a second radiating stub 116, allowing for finer control of the electromagnetic field distribution and optimization of the antenna's radiation characteristics. The first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 are spaced apart on the same plane, avoiding interference between their currents and reducing electromagnetic interference. The first radiating sub-stub 112, the second radiating sub-stub 114, and the second radiating stub 116 are not on the same straight line; that is, the second radiating stub 116 can be a straight line. This non-collinear arrangement allows for more complex radiation patterns, such as wider coverage or enhanced signal radiation in a specific direction. The second radiating stub 116 also acts as a bridge connecting the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114, enabling the two sub-stubs to work as a whole. By adjusting the length, width, and position of the second radiating stub 116, the antenna performance can be further controlled, adjusting the radiation direction and gain. Furthermore, the reverse current stub 106 is partially opposite to the current of the second radiating sub-stub 114 in the first radiating stub 104, thereby canceling each other out in some directions and reducing the antenna gain in those directions.

[0040] In one exemplary embodiment, the plane in which the second radiating branch is located is perpendicular to the plane in which the first radiating sub-branch and the second radiating sub-branch are located.

[0041] In the above embodiments, the second radiating stub 116 can be a plane, meaning the plane containing the second radiating stub 116 is perpendicular to the plane containing the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114. This allows for effective radiation and reception of signals from different spatial directions. For example, the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 can primarily radiate in the horizontal direction, while the second radiating stub 116 can enhance vertical radiation, thus achieving a more balanced coverage effect. Furthermore, the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 can be laid along the plane of the device's outer casing or internal components, while the second radiating stub 116 can extend perpendicularly to both, facilitating the construction of an efficient antenna system within a compact space. Moreover, the perpendicular configuration of the second radiating stub 116 to the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 also helps improve the antenna's anti-interference capability. That is, interference signals from a certain direction can primarily affect the radiating sub-stubs in the plane, but the vertically positioned second radiating stub 116 can continue to operate normally, thereby maintaining the antenna's communication quality.

[0042] In one exemplary embodiment, the antenna assembly further includes a second connecting stub located between the first connecting stub and the first radiating stub, the first connecting stub being connected to the first radiating stub via the second connecting stub.

[0043] In the above embodiments, see again Figure 1The antenna assembly may further include a second connecting stub 118, located between the first connecting stub 102 and the first radiating stub 104. The second connecting stub 118 connects the first connecting stub 102 and the first radiating stub 104, providing an additional path control point. This allows for more flexible adjustment of the current path and the performance of the antenna assembly. By controlling the length, width, and position of the second connecting stub 118, the radiation mode of the antenna assembly can be effectively optimized and the gain reduced, achieving a coverage effect closer to isotropic. The first connecting stub 102 and the second connecting stub can be connected at right angles or with rounded corners. Right-angle connections do not significantly degrade signal quality in low-frequency signal transmission; instead, their clear boundary helps simplify circuit layout and reduce the impact of stray inductance or capacitance on circuit performance. Rounded corner connections, through a smooth transition, reduce abrupt changes in the characteristic impedance of the signal path, thereby reducing the risk of signal reflection, improving signal transmission efficiency and integrity, and helping to control changes in inductance and capacitance during signal transmission. It should be noted that the connections of other structures included in this utility model can be either right-angle connections or rounded-corner connections.

[0044] In one exemplary embodiment, the antenna assembly further includes a reflector disposed around the antenna assembly in a target direction of the antenna assembly, wherein the gain of the antenna assembly is greater than a preset threshold in the target direction.

[0045] In the above embodiments, a reflector 202 can also be provided in the antenna assembly to equalize the gain of the antenna assembly. Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna assembly according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2 As shown, a metal reflector 202 can be added to the direction of higher gain (i.e., the target direction) covered by the existing antenna assembly. The reflector 202 is positioned around the antenna assembly. When the higher gain in the target direction encounters the reflector 202, reflection occurs. That is, the reflector 202 reflects the higher gain in the target direction to a direction of lower gain, thereby achieving gain redistribution and making the radiation distribution more balanced. This allows for more uniform coverage of the antenna assembly in 3D space and more flexible placement of the device relative to the router. The position of the reflector 202 can be changed according to the position of the antenna assembly. The reflector 202 is conformally designed with the internal structure of the device, meaning its shape can conform to the surface of the device, such as L-shaped, circular, or curved, which can reduce the device size and improve the integration of the antenna assembly with the device.

[0046] In the above embodiments, the reflector 202 can effectively reduce the sidelobes of the antenna (i.e., radiation in directions other than the main radiation direction), which is beneficial for reducing interference and improving the reliability and confidentiality of communication. Furthermore, placing the reflector 202 around the antenna assembly can also improve electromagnetic compatibility and reduce interference between the antenna assembly and other electronic devices. In other words, the reflector 202 can act as a shielding mechanism, protecting the antenna assembly from electromagnetic interference from nearby electronic devices, while also preventing the antenna assembly's own electromagnetic waves from interfering with other devices.

[0047] In one exemplary embodiment, the reflector includes a plurality of reflectors, which are spaced apart.

[0048] In the above embodiments, when there are multiple target directions with strong gain in the antenna assembly, reflectors 202 can be set in each target direction. These reflectors 202 can be spaced apart, ensuring good radiation characteristics in multiple directions and achieving a more balanced coverage effect. Taking a wireless device with a built-in antenna as an example, when the target directions are the rear and front of the device (i.e., when the gain is strong at the rear and front of the antenna assembly), the reflectors can be designed to surround the antenna assembly, forming two spaced-apart metal walls at its rear and front. This effectively reflects electromagnetic waves from the rear and front of the antenna assembly to other directions without hindering the normal operation of the antenna assembly.

[0049] In one exemplary embodiment, the sum of the length and width of the reflector lies within a wavelength range determined based on half the wavelength of the signal emitted by the antenna assembly.

[0050] In the above embodiments, the sum of the length and width of a single reflector can approach half the wavelength of the signal emitted by the antenna assembly, meaning it can fluctuate within a certain value range to form a wavelength interval. This setup ensures maximized reflectivity, maximizing the reflection of gain in the target direction to other directions, thereby improving signal strength and antenna gain in those directions. It also ensures the phase of the reflected wave in the antenna radiation direction, allowing constructive or destructive interference between the reflected wave and the wave directly radiated by the antenna, thus adjusting the antenna's radiation mode. Furthermore, it reduces unnecessary resonance effects between the antenna and the reflector, and reduces multipath effects; that is, the delay and phase difference between the reflected wave and the direct wave can be minimized, resulting in a clearer signal.

[0051] In the foregoing embodiments, a conventional antenna gain diagram can be found here. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of traditional antenna gain in related technologies, such as... Figure 3As shown, the antenna gain of the traditional antenna design is 3.50dBi, which cannot eliminate the large antenna gain caused by internal metal reflection, resulting in requirements for the placement of wireless devices relative to the router. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the anti-current stub of this utility model embodiment, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the antenna gain is 2.53 dBi. Compared with the traditional antenna structure, the addition of the anti-current stub can effectively reduce the antenna gain value and make the antenna coverage gain more balanced in all directions. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the reflector of this utility model embodiment, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna gain is 2.74 dBi. Compared with the traditional antenna structure, the addition of a metal reflector can effectively reduce the antenna gain value, making the antenna coverage gain more balanced in all directions. Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of an antenna assembly designed according to the reflector and anti-current stub of an embodiment of the present invention, as shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the antenna feed terminal is electrically connected to the RF microstrip line of the motherboard, and the antenna ground terminal is connected to the motherboard ground. The antenna ground terminal extends into a reverse current stub, which is opposite to the current direction of part of the first radiating stub. The electric fields cancel each other out, reducing the antenna gain. A metal reflective surface is added in the direction where the antenna assembly covers the stronger gain. The reflective surface is conformally designed with the internal structure of the device. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the reflector and backflow stub of this utility model embodiment, as shown below. Figure 7 As shown, in this combination, the antenna gain is 2.38 dBi. Compared with the traditional antenna structure, the antenna assembly itself adds anti-current stubs and a metal reflective surface, which can effectively reduce the antenna gain value and make the antenna coverage gain in all directions more balanced. This significantly improves the experience of wireless devices and allows the antenna assembly to achieve near-ideal spherical coverage. The placement of the device relative to the router can also be set arbitrarily without affecting the user experience.

[0052] This embodiment also provides an electronic device, including a circuit board and an antenna assembly as described in any of the above embodiments, the antenna assembly being disposed on the circuit board.

[0053] In the above embodiments, the antenna assembly can adopt an IFA (Inverted-F Antenna) structure, or it can adopt Monopole Antennas, Patch Antennas, etc., but is not limited to these. Taking the IFA antenna as an example, see below. Figure 1 The antenna assembly may include a first connecting stub 102, a first radiating stub 104, and a backflow stub 106. A feed terminal 108 (i.e., ...) is provided on the first connecting stub 102. Figure 1The feed terminal 108, electrically connected to the RF microstrip line of the motherboard, can transmit electrical signals generated by signal sources (such as transmitters or receivers) to the radiating part of the antenna assembly. It can also convert electromagnetic wave signals received by the antenna assembly into electrical signals and transmit them to signal processing equipment. Furthermore, the length of the feed terminal 108 can be set to a quarter wavelength (λ / 4) to optimize impedance matching and reduce reflections. The first connecting stub 102 can also be arranged parallel to and spaced apart from the first radiating stub 104. It can be electrically connected to the first radiating stub 104 to form a whole, serving both a connecting and supporting function. That is, by being arranged parallel to the first radiating stub 104, the first connecting stub 102 can provide a stable current path, which can help adjust the overall impedance of the antenna assembly to optimize signal transmission efficiency.

[0054] In the above embodiment, the first connecting stub 102 can extend into a countercurrent stub 106. The countercurrent stub 106 can be understood as a special stub design that can suppress electromagnetic fields in a specific direction, thereby reducing the antenna gain and achieving a balanced distribution of antenna radiation gain. That is, the current in the countercurrent stub 106 is opposite to part of the current in the first radiating stub 104, and the electric fields can cancel each other out. By adding a countercurrent stub to the antenna assembly, a current with opposite phase can be introduced, thereby producing a cancellation effect in the electromagnetic field. This can reduce the gain concentration of the antenna assembly in one or several directions, making the antenna radiation closer to isotropic, improving the communication quality and stability of wireless communication devices in different directions, and also making the antenna coverage more uniform in three-dimensional space, allowing for more flexible placement of the device relative to the router.

[0055] In the above embodiments, see again Figure 1 The first connecting branch 102 is also provided with a grounding terminal 110 (i.e., Figure 1 The grounding terminal 110 (GND terminal in the antenna assembly) can be connected to the motherboard ground and is located before the feed terminal 108 and the anti-current stub 106. That is, the grounding terminal 110 can extend into the anti-current stub 106, guiding the current in the antenna assembly to the ground plane. It can also help stabilize the potential of the antenna assembly, reduce noise and interference, and improve signal clarity and quality. By adjusting the position of the grounding terminal 110, a balanced current distribution can be formed between the first radiating stub 104 and the anti-current stub 106, helping to counteract undesirable electromagnetic field effects and achieve a more uniform distribution of antenna radiation. Furthermore, as a connection point, the grounding terminal 110, when working with the anti-current stub 106, can effectively reduce the antenna gain in a specific direction, thereby achieving a coverage effect closer to isotropic.

[0056] In the above embodiment, the reflux branch 106 is located between the first connecting branch 102 and the first radiating branch 104, and the distance between the reflux branch 106 and the first radiating branch 104 can be set to 0.5 mm. Furthermore, the reflux branch 106 is perpendicular to both the first radiating branch 104 and the first connecting branch 102, and the height of the reflux branch 106 can be set to 5 mm. It should be noted that the distance of 0.5 mm and the height of 5 mm here are merely illustrative examples, and this invention does not impose any limitations on them.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the current in the reverse current stub 106 that is partially opposite to that in the first radiating stub 104 can be adjusted by adjusting the spacing between the reverse current stub 106 and the first radiating stub 104, as well as the height of the reverse current stub 106. This means the antenna performance can be adjusted by the layout of the antenna assembly on the motherboard. For example, if the suppressed gain in a certain direction is still strong when the spacing is set to 0.5mm and the height to 5mm, the spacing can be set to 0.4mm, or the height adjusted to 6mm for suppression. The spacing and height can also be adjusted simultaneously to achieve the desired suppression effect. Furthermore, the internal space of a device with an internal antenna is often limited. Vertically positioning the reverse current stub 106 between the first connecting stub 102 and the first radiating stub 104 can save space to the maximum extent while ensuring that antenna performance is not affected.

[0058] In the above embodiments, see again Figure 1 The first radiating stub 104 may further include a first radiating sub-stub 112 and a second radiating sub-stub 114, and the antenna assembly may further include a second radiating stub 116, allowing for finer control of the electromagnetic field distribution and optimization of the antenna's radiation characteristics. The first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 are spaced apart on the same plane, avoiding interference between their currents and reducing electromagnetic interference. The first radiating sub-stub 112, the second radiating sub-stub 114, and the second radiating stub 116 are not on the same straight line; that is, the second radiating stub 116 can be a straight line. This non-collinear arrangement allows for more complex radiation patterns, such as wider coverage or enhanced signal radiation in a specific direction. The second radiating stub 116 also acts as a bridge connecting the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114, enabling the two sub-stubs to work as a whole. By adjusting the length, width, and position of the second radiating stub 116, the antenna performance can be further controlled, adjusting the radiation direction and gain. Furthermore, the reverse current stub 106 is partially opposite to the current of the second radiating sub-stub 114 in the first radiating stub 104, thereby canceling each other out in some directions and reducing the antenna gain in those directions.

[0059] In the above embodiments, the second radiating stub 116 can be a plane, meaning the plane containing the second radiating stub 116 is perpendicular to the plane containing the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114. This allows for effective radiation and reception of signals from different spatial directions. For example, the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 can primarily radiate in the horizontal direction, while the second radiating stub 116 can enhance vertical radiation, thus achieving a more balanced coverage effect. Furthermore, the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 can be laid along the plane of the device's outer casing or internal components, while the second radiating stub 116 can extend perpendicularly to both, facilitating the construction of an efficient antenna system within a compact space. Moreover, the perpendicular configuration of the second radiating stub 116 to the first radiating sub-stub 112 and the second radiating sub-stub 114 also helps improve the antenna's anti-interference capability. That is, interference signals from a certain direction can primarily affect the radiating sub-stubs in the plane, but the vertically positioned second radiating stub 116 can continue to operate normally, thereby maintaining the antenna's communication quality.

[0060] In the above embodiments, see again Figure 1 The antenna assembly may further include a second connecting stub 118, located between the first connecting stub 102 and the first radiating stub 104. The second connecting stub 118 connects the first connecting stub 102 and the first radiating stub 104, providing an additional path control point. This allows for more flexible adjustment of the current path and the performance of the antenna assembly. By controlling the length, width, and position of the second connecting stub 118, the radiation mode of the antenna assembly can be effectively optimized and the gain reduced, achieving a coverage effect closer to isotropic. The first connecting stub 102 and the second connecting stub 118 can be connected at right angles or with rounded corners. Right-angle connections do not significantly degrade signal quality in low-frequency signal transmission; instead, their clear boundary helps simplify circuit layout and reduce the impact of stray inductance or capacitance on circuit performance. Rounded corner connections, through a smooth transition, reduce abrupt changes in the characteristic impedance of the signal path, thereby reducing the risk of signal reflection, improving signal transmission efficiency and integrity, and helping to control changes in inductance and capacitance during signal transmission. It should be noted that the connections of other structures included in this utility model can be either right-angle connections or rounded-corner connections.

[0061] In the above embodiments, a reflector 202 can also be provided in the antenna assembly to equalize the gain of the antenna assembly. Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna assembly according to a specific embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 2As shown, a metal reflector 202 can be added to the direction of higher gain (i.e., the target direction) covered by the existing antenna assembly. The reflector 202 is positioned around the antenna assembly. When the higher gain in the target direction encounters the reflector 202, reflection occurs. That is, the reflector 202 reflects the higher gain in the target direction to a direction of lower gain, thereby achieving gain redistribution and making the radiation distribution more balanced. This allows for more uniform coverage of the antenna assembly in 3D space and more flexible placement of the device relative to the router. The position of the reflector 202 can be changed according to the position of the antenna assembly. The reflector 202 is conformally designed with the internal structure of the device, meaning its shape can conform to the surface of the device, such as L-shaped, circular, or curved, which can reduce the device size and improve the integration of the antenna assembly with the device.

[0062] In the above embodiments, the reflector 202 can effectively reduce the sidelobes of the antenna (i.e., radiation in directions other than the main radiation direction), which is beneficial for reducing interference and improving the reliability and confidentiality of communication. Furthermore, placing the reflector 202 around the antenna assembly can also improve electromagnetic compatibility and reduce interference between the antenna assembly and other electronic devices. In other words, the reflector 202 can act as a shielding mechanism, protecting the antenna assembly from electromagnetic interference from nearby electronic devices, while also preventing the antenna assembly's own electromagnetic waves from interfering with other devices.

[0063] In the above embodiments, when there are multiple target directions with strong gain in the antenna assembly, reflectors 202 can be set in each target direction. These reflectors 202 can be spaced apart, ensuring good radiation characteristics in multiple directions and achieving a more balanced coverage effect. Taking a wireless device with a built-in antenna as an example, when the target directions are the rear and front of the device (i.e., when the gain is strong at the rear and front of the antenna assembly), the reflectors can be designed to surround the antenna assembly, forming two spaced-apart metal walls at its rear and front. This effectively reflects electromagnetic waves from the rear and front of the antenna assembly to other directions without hindering the normal operation of the antenna assembly.

[0064] In the above embodiments, the sum of the length and width of a single reflector 202 can approach half the wavelength of the signal emitted by the antenna assembly, meaning it can fluctuate within a certain value range to form a wavelength interval. This setting ensures maximized reflectivity, meaning the gain in the target direction can be reflected to other directions to the greatest extent possible, thereby improving signal strength and antenna gain in other directions. It also ensures the phase of the reflected wave in the antenna radiation direction, allowing constructive or destructive interference between the reflected wave and the wave directly radiated by the antenna, thus adjusting the antenna's radiation mode. Furthermore, it reduces unnecessary resonance effects between the antenna and the reflector surface, and reduces multipath effects; that is, the delay and phase difference between the reflected wave and the direct wave can be minimized, resulting in a clearer signal.

[0065] In the foregoing embodiments, a conventional antenna gain diagram can be found here. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of traditional antenna gain in related technologies, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the antenna gain under traditional antenna design is 3.44dBi, which cannot eliminate the large antenna gain caused by internal metal reflection, resulting in requirements for the placement of wireless devices relative to the router. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the anti-current stub of this utility model embodiment, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the antenna gain is 2.66 dBi. Compared with the traditional antenna structure, the addition of the anti-current stub 106 can effectively reduce the antenna gain value and make the antenna coverage gain more balanced in all directions. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the reflector of this utility model embodiment, as shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the antenna gain is 2.76 dBi. Compared with the traditional antenna structure, the addition of the metal reflector 202 can also effectively reduce the antenna gain value, making the antenna coverage gain more balanced in all directions. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna assembly gain designed according to the reflector and backflow stub of this utility model embodiment, as shown below. Figure 6As shown, the antenna feed terminal 108 is electrically connected to the RF microstrip line of the motherboard, and the antenna ground terminal 110 is connected to the motherboard ground. An anti-current stub 106 extends from the antenna ground terminal 110, with its current direction opposite to that of a portion of the first radiating stub 104. The electric fields cancel each other out, reducing the antenna gain. A metal reflector 202 can be added in the direction of stronger antenna gain coverage. The reflector 202 is conformally designed with the internal structure of the device. With this combination, the antenna gain is 2.16 dBi. Compared to traditional antenna structures, the addition of an anti-current stub and a metal reflector 202 to the antenna assembly effectively reduces the antenna gain, resulting in more balanced coverage gain in all directions. This significantly improves the user experience of wireless devices and allows the antenna assembly to achieve near-ideal spherical coverage. The placement of the device relative to the router can also be freely configured without affecting the user experience.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An antenna assembly, characterized in that, include: The first connecting branch and the first radiating branch are arranged parallel to and spaced apart from each other. The first connecting branch and the first radiating branch are electrically connected. The first connecting branch is provided with a power supply terminal. A reverse flow branch, wherein the reverse flow branch is connected to the first connecting branch, and the current direction in the reverse flow branch is opposite to the current direction in a portion of the first radiating branch.

2. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, A grounding terminal is provided on the first connecting branch, and the grounding terminal is located between the power supply terminal and the reverse current branch.

3. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reflux branch is located between the first connecting branch and the first radiating branch, and the reflux branch is perpendicular to both the first connecting branch and the first radiating branch.

4. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna assembly includes a second radiating stub, and the first radiating stub includes a first radiating sub-stub and a second radiating sub-stub. The first radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub are spaced apart and are in the same plane. The first radiating sub-stub, the second radiating sub-stub, and the second radiating sub-stub are not collinear. The first radiating sub-stub and the second radiating sub-stub are connected through the second radiating stub. The current direction in the second radiating sub-stub is opposite to the current direction in the reverse current stub.

5. The antenna assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The plane containing the second radiating branch is perpendicular to the plane containing both the first radiating sub-branch and the second radiating sub-branch.

6. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a second connecting stub located between the first connecting stub and the first radiating stub, wherein the first connecting stub is connected to the first radiating stub via the second connecting stub.

7. The antenna assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The antenna assembly further includes a reflector disposed around the antenna assembly in a target direction, wherein the gain of the antenna assembly is greater than a preset threshold in the target direction.

8. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The reflector comprises a plurality of reflectors, which are spaced apart.

9. The antenna assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sum of the length and width of the reflector lies within a wavelength range, which is determined based on half the wavelength of the signal emitted by the antenna assembly.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, It includes a circuit board and an antenna assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the antenna assembly being disposed on the circuit board.

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